192 lines
19 KiB
XML
192 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="6E7CDD2B27D0C560EA4405B7687E1AA1">Ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Socotra Archipelago (Yemen): zoogeography, distribution and description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6610D9170743EAABB0FC486D7035EC11">Sharaf, Mostafa R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8EB109B0D6D215E2690A87A44841EEBF">Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A1782869F7F8B218F5E890B3A37AD620">Aldawood, Abdulrahman S.</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8B8B07431604FFEBB49AE1986826CFA4" blockId="18.[420,895,703,763]" box="[420,895,703,728]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">
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<heading id="D0C3B02F1604FFEBB49AE1986826CFA4" box="[420,895,703,728]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C347CC01604FFEBB49AE1986826CFA4" ID-CoL="R5BL" authority="Forel, 1890" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1890" box="[420,895,703,728]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mauritanica">
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<emphasis id="B940DB511604FFEBB49AE19869ABCFA4" bold="true" box="[420,754,703,728]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Cardiocondyla mauritanica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA57AB21604FFEBB7C2E1986826CFA4" author="Forel A" box="[764,895,703,728]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" pagination="lxi - lxxvi" refId="ref18871" refString="Forel A. 1890. Fourmis de Tunisie et de l' Algerie orientale. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique. 34: lxi - lxxvi." type="book chapter" year="1890">Forel, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32E54C81604FFEBB703E1C569BECF87" box="[573,743,738,763]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8B07431604FFEBB703E1C569BECF87" blockId="18.[420,895,703,763]" box="[573,743,738,763]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">
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(
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<figureCitation id="130F1BC61604FFEBB77BE1C569FFCF87" box="[581,678,738,763]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="19.[160,225,1709,1732]" captionTargetBox="[319,997,142,1669]" captionTargetId="figure-1@19.[319,997,142,1678]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 9. Cardiocondyla mauritanica. (a) Body in profile. (b) Head in full-face view, CASENT0263693, AntWeb.org, (Will Ericson), KSA. (c) Distribution map, from recent records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184313/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Figure 9</figureCitation>
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(a–c))
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32E54C81604FFEBB59EE0016F48CE42" box="[160,1041,806,830]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8B07431604FFEBB59EE0016F48CE42" blockId="18.[160,1041,806,830]" box="[160,1041,806,830]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName id="4C347CC01604FFEBB59EE001699ACE42" ID-CoL="R5BL" authority="Forel, 1890" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1890" box="[160,707,806,830]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="nuda" variety="mauritanica">
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<emphasis id="B940DB511604FFEBB59EE0016A24CE42" box="[160,381,806,830]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Cardiocondyla nuda</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B940DB511604FFEBB489E0016962CE42" box="[439,571,806,830]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">mauritanica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA57AB21604FFEBB77AE001699ACE42" author="Forel A" box="[580,707,806,830]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" pagination="lxi - lxxvi" refId="ref18871" refString="Forel A. 1890. Fourmis de Tunisie et de l' Algerie orientale. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique. 34: lxi - lxxvi." type="book chapter" year="1890">Forel, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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: lxxv (w.)
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<collectingCountry id="F32347D31604FFEBB60BE00168DFCE42" box="[821,902,806,830]" name="Tunisia" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
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. Palaearctic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32E54C81604FFEBB59EE04E69DDC94C" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B8B07431604FFEBB59EE04E6A4DCEFF" blockId="18.[160,1156,873,1072]" box="[160,276,873,899]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">
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<emphasis id="B940DB511604FFEBB59EE04E6A4DCEFF" bold="true" box="[160,276,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8B07431604FFEBB59EE0A969DDC94C" blockId="18.[160,1156,873,1072]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">
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<emphasis id="B940DB511604FFEBB59EE0A96BB3CEDA" box="[160,234,910,934]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Worker</emphasis>
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. Clypeus with few longitudinal rugae; mesosoma usually with well-developed microreticulum; metanotal groove shallow; propodeal spines short and blunt; postpetiole narrow, roughly hexagonal in dorsal view, with a flat sternite, and distinctly lower than petiole in profile. Colour variable, dorsal head dark brown, mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole orange brown, gaster bark brown to blackish brown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32E54C81604FFEBB59EE77B6970C9A2" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="B940DB511604FFEBB59EE77B6AD9C90A" bold="true" box="[160,384,1116,1142]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Material examined</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8B07431604FFEBB59EE7A76970C9A2" blockId="18.[160,1156,1116,1246]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">
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<materialsCitation id="3B5C0D1E1604FFEBB59EE7A76AC6C9C7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762058340" collectingDate="2014-04-21" collectionCode="R, KSMA" collectorName="Sharaf" country="Yemen" latitude="12.44103" location="Yemen" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="54.15576" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry id="F32347D31604FFEBB59EE7A76BB7C9E4" box="[160,238,1152,1176]" name="Yemen" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Yemen</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F32347D31604FFEBB5C6E7A76AC8C9E4" box="[248,401,1152,1176]" name="Socotra Island" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Socotra Island</collectingCountry>
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, W. Feriho (daitab),
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<date id="FF8A21831604FFEBB758E7A769A1C9E4" box="[614,760,1152,1176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" value="2014-04-21">
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<collectingDate id="EFCED86B1604FFEBB758E7A769A1C9E4" box="[614,760,1152,1176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" value="2014-04-21">21 April 2014</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, 93 m, (M.
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<collectionCode id="ED259F861604FFEBB65AE7A7682FC9E4" box="[868,886,1152,1176]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">R</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectorName id="26C162951604FFEBB6BEE7A7689DC9E4" box="[896,964,1152,1176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Sharaf</collectorName>
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leg.),
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,
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(2 w,
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<collectionCode id="ED259F861604FFEBB46CE7846ACFC9C7" box="[338,406,1187,1211]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">KSMA</collectionCode>
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);
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</materialsCitation>
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<collectingCountry id="F32347D31604FFEBB49CE784696CC9C7" box="[418,565,1187,1211]" name="Yemen Island" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Yemen Island</collectingCountry>
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, Socotra, W. Jo’ o,
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<date id="FF8A21831604FFEBB7D3E7846822C9C7" box="[749,891,1187,1211]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" value="2014-04-21">
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<collectingDate id="EFCED86B1604FFEBB7D3E7846822C9C7" box="[749,891,1187,1211]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" value="2014-04-21">
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21 April
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<quantity id="4CCCAAA61604FFEBB67AE7846822C9C7" box="[836,891,1187,1211]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.014196" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" unit="m" value="2014196.0">2014</quantity>
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</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, 196 m, (M.
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<collectionCode id="ED259F861604FFEBB6D0E7846F59C9C7" box="[1006,1024,1187,1211]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">R</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectorName id="26C162951604FFEBB136E7846F12C9C7" box="[1032,1099,1187,1211]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Sharaf</collectorName>
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leg.),
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0061841604FFEBB59EE7E16A44C9A2" box="[160,285,1222,1246]" degrees="12.54038" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" precision="1" value="12.54038">12.54038°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0061841604FFEBB418E7E16AC5C9A2" box="[294,412,1222,1246]" degrees="54.17186" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" precision="1" value="54.17186">54.17186°E</geoCoordinate>
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(1 w,
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<collectionCode id="ED259F861604FFEBB4E5E7E16946C9A2" box="[475,543,1222,1246]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">KSMA</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32E54C81604FFEBB59EE62E6AABCB6A" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B8B07431604FFEBB59EE62E6A2EC85F" blockId="18.[160,1156,1289,1558]" box="[160,375,1289,1315]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">
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<emphasis id="B940DB511604FFEBB59EE62E6A2EC85F" bold="true" box="[160,375,1289,1315]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Geographic range</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8B07431604FFEBB59EE6096AABCB6A" blockId="18.[160,1156,1289,1558]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">
|
||
A cosmopolitan species (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA57AB21604FFEBB4F7E609690FC83A" author="Seifert B" box="[457,598,1326,1350]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" pagination="203 - 338" refId="ref20462" refString="Seifert B. 2003. The ant genus Cardiocondyla (Insecta: Hymenoptera): formicidae - a taxonomic revision of the C. elegans, C. bulgarica, C. batesii, C. nuda, C. shuckardi, C. stambuloffii, C. wroughtonii, C. emeryi, and C. minutior species groups. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien B Botanik Zoologie. 104: 203 - 338." type="journal article" year="2003">Seifert 2003</bibRefCitation>
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||
) and one of the most successfully distributed species of the genus. This species has been recorded from
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||
<collectingCountry id="F32347D31604FFEBB65BE67768C8C814" box="[869,913,1360,1384]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">KSA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA57AB21604FFEBB69DE6776F2FC814" author="Collingwood CA" box="[931,1142,1360,1384]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" pagination="230 - 302" refId="ref18149" refString="Collingwood CA. 1985. Hymenoptera: fam. Formicidae of Saudi Arabia. Fauna Saudi Arabia. 7: 230 - 302." type="journal article" year="1985">Collingwood 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32347D31604FFEBB59EE6546BB7C8F7" box="[160,238,1395,1419]" name="Yemen" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Yemen</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA57AB21604FFEBB5C2E6546915C8F7" author="Collingwood CA & Agosti D" box="[252,588,1395,1419]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" pagination="300 - 385" refId="ref18173" refString="Collingwood CA, Agosti D. 1996. Formicidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) of Saudi Arabia (part 2). Fauna of Saudi Arabia. 15: 300 - 385." type="journal article" year="1996">Collingwood and Agosti 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32347D31604FFEBB7B3E65469E5C8F7" box="[653,700,1395,1419]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">UAE</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA57AB21604FFEBB7F7E654688FC8F7" author="Collingwood CA & Tigar BJ & Agosti D" box="[713,982,1395,1419]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" pagination="505 - 512" refId="ref18281" refString="Collingwood CA, Tigar BJ, Agosti D. 1997. Introduced ants in the United Arab Emirates. J Arid Environ. 37: 505 - 512." type="journal article" year="1997">Collingwood et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Although this species was found in uninhabited areas of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32347D31604FFEBB795E6B1680BC8D2" box="[683,850,1430,1454]" name="Socotra Island" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Socotra Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, it is likely to have been dispersed through the cargo and food being transported by islanders from the capital city of Haydibo into the countryside.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C347CC01604FFEBB77EE6FC6831C88F" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1890" box="[576,872,1499,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mauritanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940DB511604FFEBB77EE6FC6831C88F" box="[576,872,1499,1523]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Cardiocondyla mauritanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is recorded from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32347D31604FFEBB110E6FC6FDAC88F" box="[1070,1155,1499,1523]" name="Yemen" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Socotra</collectingCountry>
|
||
Archipelago for the first time.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32E54C81604FFEBB59EE51B6937CBC2" pageId="18" pageNumber="334" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B07431604FFEBB59EE51B694CCB2A" blockId="18.[160,1155,1596,1726]" box="[160,533,1596,1622]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940DB511604FFEBB59EE51B694CCB2A" bold="true" box="[160,533,1596,1622]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Ecological and biological notes</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B07431604FFEBB59EE5476937CBC2" blockId="18.[160,1155,1596,1726]" pageId="18" pageNumber="334">Workers were observed foraging in wet, sandy soil next to a small stream. Some specimens were found in leaf litter under a date palm where the soil was moist and rich in decayed goat and sheep faecal material.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |