211 lines
36 KiB
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211 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="0D94436DCCE8FE6E84A76AFEB0D84063" ID-DOI="10.5252/adansonia2023v45a12" ID-ISSN="1639-4798" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8006364" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1685974026623" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Pace, Marcelo R., Marcati, Carmen R., Lohmann, Lúcia G. & Angyalossy, Veronica" docDate="2023" docId="039687DCFFD391298A13C3F9FA33AEA2" docLanguage="en" docName="Adansonia.45.12.167-210.pdf" docOrigin="Adansonia (3) 45 (12)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2FE19AC740987067EC2A6C89A85F9648.8:Adansonia.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="2FE19AC740987067EC2A6C89A85F9648" docStyleName="Adansonia.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Lundia" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="185" masterDocId="FFAFFFA4FFC7913D8E1CC261FFBBA94E" masterDocTitle="Bark anatomy of lianescent Bignoniaceae: a generic synopsis" masterLastPageNumber="210" masterPageNumber="167" pageNumber="185" updateTime="1686164729893" updateUser="julia" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F634ED47F1AF692827BC7189B64883ED">
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<mods:title id="B9C4B1A46048720D918CF4AB50A6B775">Bark anatomy of lianescent Bignoniaceae: a generic synopsis</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4466E8E32F3D1C56E54EF3056D5007AB">Pace, Marcelo R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="71D90DE1C765981967727922BA590110">Marcati, Carmen R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="280023CF535025D8899A21C2D2068B1A">Lohmann, Lúcia G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="C63C4B57871E025956B3C7D0103E2B4B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="77E33D667D6018F21062552196DADB80">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F19B216E8A4F1DDC8940B61CB357D668">Angyalossy, Veronica</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F59CFE801893333C5D244A96A2635F15">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="2DADF7E7A3F3374FD43F64ECCCC457A8">
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<mods:title id="FE8FBFFD0617F235E320C1698FC34452">Adansonia</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3002B9C4C6F72420E18911C2000979F9">
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<mods:date id="10263CAD684532604EDA1A085780B87E">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="B540071E1162B5B267B2B172A1FE238D">3</mods:title>
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<mods:detail id="A5D3D55529EF4921B708534AA7FF99DC" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="5E6D559B42D0C9BBBE31EA5EA9594A6D">2023-05-30</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="603DA5741C5D049EF5274DD35BFD7792" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="54DF15C66F92A7DA709604148DBBC1BC">45</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3F68CF3CCF298CE6F553478E20CFC7FB">12</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="28BEA8209D5345E6B70801CFC86B5210">167</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="F813C59C415E7799E1FED998B3CB4A3B">210</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="E007F0A307AD9EE2EB06006C894C8729">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="593CBC736048D7F2F3BCD4FF66EF1CE9" type="DOI">10.5252/adansonia2023v45a12</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CCA1DA7E0A3B60BE4B54854D8B0228E1" type="ISSN">1639-4798</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FBC82AB4EBFCE8ADB6F038FA9CF7150F" type="Zenodo-Dep">8006364</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="039687DCFFD391298A13C3F9FA33AEA2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039687DCFFD391298A13C3F9FA33AEA2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DCFFD391298A13C3F9FA33AEA2" lastPageNumber="185" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
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<subSubSection id="C3256541FFD391298A13C3F9FB76A8FF" box="[1039,1229,407,434]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298A13C3F9FB76A8FF" blockId="20.[1039,1229,407,434]" box="[1039,1229,407,434]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
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VII.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFD391298A5FC3F6FB34A8FF" ID-CoL="99JZN" box="[1091,1167,407,433]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Lundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298A5FC3F6FB34A8FF" box="[1091,1167,407,433]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Lundia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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clade
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3256541FFD391298D31C3B0FA33AEA2" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298D31C3B0FA0BAB4C" blockId="20.[811,1456,464,663]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D66A016FFD391298D31C3B0FC1CA8A9" baselines="482,483" box="[813,935,465,488]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Taxonomic" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">TAXONOMIC</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D66A016FFD391298DB2C3B7FB8CA8A9" baselines="483" box="[942,1079,470,487]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="information" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">INFORMATION</smallCapsWord>
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. — This clade contains a single genus,
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFD391298D31C38BFCC9AB4C" box="[813,882,490,514]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Lundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298D31C38BFCC9AB4C" box="[813,882,490,514]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Lundia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, with multiple of four phloem wedges in transversal section.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298D31C07AFAAFAB02" blockId="20.[811,1456,464,663]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D66A016FFD391298D31C07AFCD4AB7F" baselines="556,557" box="[813,879,539,562]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Total" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">TOTAL</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D66A016FFD391298D6BC041FC73AB7E" baselines="556" box="[887,968,544,560]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="number" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">NUMBER</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D66A016FFD391298DD3C041FC53AB7F" baselines="557" box="[975,1000,544,561]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="of" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
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<collectionCode id="ED2EAE0FFFD391298DD3C041FC53AB7F" box="[975,1000,544,561]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">OF</collectionCode>
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</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D66A016FFD391298DECC041FB8CAB7F" baselines="557" box="[1008,1079,544,561]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="species" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">SPECIES</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D66A016FFD391298A22C041FBE8AB7E" baselines="556" box="[1086,1107,544,560]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="in" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">IN</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D66A016FFD391298A47C041FB3CAB7F" baselines="557" box="[1115,1159,544,561]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="this" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">THIS</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D66A016FFD391298A92C041FB70AB7F" baselines="557" box="[1166,1227,544,561]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="clade" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">CLADE</smallCapsWord>
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. — 13 species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B3BFFD391298B70C07BFC52AB03" author="LOHMANN L. G. & TAYLOR C. M." pageId="20" pageNumber="185" pagination="348 - 489" refId="ref30238" refString="LOHMANN L. G. & TAYLOR C. M. 2014. - A new generic classification of tribe Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 99: 348 - 489. https: // doi. org / 10.3417 / 2003187" type="journal article" year="2014">Lohmann & Taylor 2014</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B3BFFD391298DEAC054FABCAB03" author="KAEHLER M. & LOHMANN L. G." box="[1014,1287,565,589]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref29603" refString="KAEHLER M. & LOHMANN L. G. 2021 a. - Taxonomic revision of Lundia DC. (Bignoniaceae, Bignonieae). Systematic Botany Monographs 112: 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="2021">Kaehler & Lohmann 2021a</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298D31C005FA12ABD8" blockId="20.[811,1456,464,663]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D66A016FFD391298D31C005FCC5AB34" baselines="630,630" box="[813,894,612,636]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Studied" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">STUDIED</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D66A016FFD391298D9EC00BFC7FAB35" baselines="631" box="[898,964,618,635]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="species" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">SPECIES</smallCapsWord>
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. — Five species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFD391298A46C005FA87AB32" authority="(Vahl) DC." authorityName="DC." baseAuthorityName="Vahl" box="[1114,1340,612,636]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Lundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longa">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298A46C005FB75AB32" box="[1114,1230,612,636]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Lundia longa</emphasis>
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(Vahl) DC.
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFD391298B5FC004FC2AABD8" authority="C. DC., L." authorityName="C. DC., L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Lundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="damazioi">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298B5FC004FA16AB32" box="[1347,1453,612,636]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">L. damazioi</emphasis>
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C.DC.,
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298D61C01EFC30ABD8" box="[893,907,639,662]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">L</emphasis>
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.
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFD391298D8BC01EFB90ABD9" authority="DC." authorityName="DC." box="[919,1067,639,663]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Lundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="densiflora">densiflora DC.</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFD391298A29C01EFB61ABD9" authority="DC." authorityName="DC." box="[1077,1242,639,663]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Lundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virginalis">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298A29C01EFB1CABD9" box="[1077,1191,639,663]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">L. virginalis</emphasis>
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DC.
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFD391298B0CC01EFA12ABD8" authority="DC." box="[1296,1449,639,663]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Lundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitidula">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298B0CC01EFACCABD9" box="[1296,1399,639,663]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">L. nitidula</emphasis>
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DC.
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298D31C0D7FC77AB9E" blockId="20.[813,1388,694,752]" box="[813,972,694,720]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
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<heading id="D0C881A6FFD391298D31C0D7FC77AB9E" box="[813,972,694,720]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298D31C0D7FC77AB9E" box="[813,972,694,720]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Regular phloem</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298D31C0B7FAD7ABBE" blockId="20.[813,1388,694,752]" box="[813,1388,726,752]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
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Thin fiber bands (
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<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFD391298DF3C0B7FBEAABBE" box="[1007,1105,726,752]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[132,143,1759,1776]" captionTargetBox="[222,1366,215,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-374@19.[221,795,686,1160]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 10. — Secondary phloem of Manaosella, Pachyptera, and Lundia. Transverse sections: A-C, Manaosella cordifolia; A, overall view of the phloem wedge and the variant phloem of Manaosella. Stratified,non-fibrous phloem;B, fiber bands of generally three cells,some of which are tangentially very long.Rays lignify when crossing the fiber bands.Sieve tubes (arrows) diffuse;C, Sieve tubes (*) with one companion cell (arrows) lying at one corner of the sieve tube.Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Acicular crystals common in axial and ray parenchyma;D-F, Pachyptera aromatica; D, overall view of the regular phloem, with fiber bands formed by 3-4 polygonal fibers. Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Nonconducting phloem evident after the first fiber band, with collapse of sieve tubes (arrow) and dilatation of axial and ray parenchyma; E, overall view of the phloem wedge and variant phloem. Stratified, non-fibrous. Sieve tubes in radial arrangement. Axial parenchyma as the background tissue. Rays lignified when crossing the fiber bands. Fiber bands thin to thick; F, detail of the variant phloem. Sieve tubes (*) solitary or in multiples. One to two companion cells (arrows) lying to the same side of the sieve tube; G-I, Lundia; G, Lundia glazioviana. Overall view of the phloem wedge, variant and regular phloem. Fibrous phloem. Sieve tubes arranged tangentially or in clusters; H, Lundia damazioi. Regular phloem. Thin fiber bands. Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Tiny sieve tubes (arrows); I, Lundia damazioi. Variant phloem. Wide sieve tubes (*) solitary or in multiples.Axial parenchyma sieve-tube-centric. One to two companion cells per sieve tube,lying at the same corner of the sieve tube. Abbreviations: cz, cambial zone; fb, fiber band; lr, limiting rays; x, secondary xylem. Scale bars: A, E, 500 μm; B, D, F, I, 100 μm; C, 50 μm; G, 400 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006392/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Fig. 10H</figureCitation>
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) and assemblages present.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298D31C176FC76AA7E" blockId="20.[813,1455,790,880]" box="[813,973,790,816]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
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<heading id="D0C881A6FFD391298D31C176FC76AA7E" box="[813,973,790,816]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298D31C176FC76AA7E" box="[813,973,790,816]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Variant phloem</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298D31C154FA14AA3E" blockId="20.[813,1455,790,880]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298D31C154FB9DAA01" bold="true" box="[813,1062,821,847]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">General configuration.</emphasis>
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Fibrous (
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<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFD391298A92C157FABDAA1E" box="[1166,1286,822,848]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[132,143,1759,1776]" captionTargetBox="[222,1366,215,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-374@19.[221,795,686,1160]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 10. — Secondary phloem of Manaosella, Pachyptera, and Lundia. Transverse sections: A-C, Manaosella cordifolia; A, overall view of the phloem wedge and the variant phloem of Manaosella. Stratified,non-fibrous phloem;B, fiber bands of generally three cells,some of which are tangentially very long.Rays lignify when crossing the fiber bands.Sieve tubes (arrows) diffuse;C, Sieve tubes (*) with one companion cell (arrows) lying at one corner of the sieve tube.Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Acicular crystals common in axial and ray parenchyma;D-F, Pachyptera aromatica; D, overall view of the regular phloem, with fiber bands formed by 3-4 polygonal fibers. Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Nonconducting phloem evident after the first fiber band, with collapse of sieve tubes (arrow) and dilatation of axial and ray parenchyma; E, overall view of the phloem wedge and variant phloem. Stratified, non-fibrous. Sieve tubes in radial arrangement. Axial parenchyma as the background tissue. Rays lignified when crossing the fiber bands. Fiber bands thin to thick; F, detail of the variant phloem. Sieve tubes (*) solitary or in multiples. One to two companion cells (arrows) lying to the same side of the sieve tube; G-I, Lundia; G, Lundia glazioviana. Overall view of the phloem wedge, variant and regular phloem. Fibrous phloem. Sieve tubes arranged tangentially or in clusters; H, Lundia damazioi. Regular phloem. Thin fiber bands. Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Tiny sieve tubes (arrows); I, Lundia damazioi. Variant phloem. Wide sieve tubes (*) solitary or in multiples.Axial parenchyma sieve-tube-centric. One to two companion cells per sieve tube,lying at the same corner of the sieve tube. Abbreviations: cz, cambial zone; fb, fiber band; lr, limiting rays; x, secondary xylem. Scale bars: A, E, 500 μm; B, D, F, I, 100 μm; C, 50 μm; G, 400 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006392/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Fig. 10G, I</figureCitation>
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), with axial elements in a tangential to diagonal arrangement (
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<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFD391298B35C134FA1AAA3E" box="[1321,1441,853,880]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[132,143,1759,1776]" captionTargetBox="[222,1366,215,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-374@19.[221,795,686,1160]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 10. — Secondary phloem of Manaosella, Pachyptera, and Lundia. Transverse sections: A-C, Manaosella cordifolia; A, overall view of the phloem wedge and the variant phloem of Manaosella. Stratified,non-fibrous phloem;B, fiber bands of generally three cells,some of which are tangentially very long.Rays lignify when crossing the fiber bands.Sieve tubes (arrows) diffuse;C, Sieve tubes (*) with one companion cell (arrows) lying at one corner of the sieve tube.Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Acicular crystals common in axial and ray parenchyma;D-F, Pachyptera aromatica; D, overall view of the regular phloem, with fiber bands formed by 3-4 polygonal fibers. Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Nonconducting phloem evident after the first fiber band, with collapse of sieve tubes (arrow) and dilatation of axial and ray parenchyma; E, overall view of the phloem wedge and variant phloem. Stratified, non-fibrous. Sieve tubes in radial arrangement. Axial parenchyma as the background tissue. Rays lignified when crossing the fiber bands. Fiber bands thin to thick; F, detail of the variant phloem. Sieve tubes (*) solitary or in multiples. One to two companion cells (arrows) lying to the same side of the sieve tube; G-I, Lundia; G, Lundia glazioviana. Overall view of the phloem wedge, variant and regular phloem. Fibrous phloem. Sieve tubes arranged tangentially or in clusters; H, Lundia damazioi. Regular phloem. Thin fiber bands. Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Tiny sieve tubes (arrows); I, Lundia damazioi. Variant phloem. Wide sieve tubes (*) solitary or in multiples.Axial parenchyma sieve-tube-centric. One to two companion cells per sieve tube,lying at the same corner of the sieve tube. Abbreviations: cz, cambial zone; fb, fiber band; lr, limiting rays; x, secondary xylem. Scale bars: A, E, 500 μm; B, D, F, I, 100 μm; C, 50 μm; G, 400 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006392/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Fig. 10G, I</figureCitation>
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).
|
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</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298D31C1F4FB4FADC1" blockId="20.[811,1456,917,1167]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298D31C1F4FBB6AAE1" bold="true" box="[813,1037,917,943]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Sieve-tube elements.</emphasis>
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As seen in transverse section, each sieve element is associated with one companion cell, rarely two (
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|
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFD391298D2AC1B4FC30AAA1" box="[822,907,981,1007]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[132,143,1759,1776]" captionTargetBox="[222,1366,215,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-374@19.[221,795,686,1160]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 10. — Secondary phloem of Manaosella, Pachyptera, and Lundia. Transverse sections: A-C, Manaosella cordifolia; A, overall view of the phloem wedge and the variant phloem of Manaosella. Stratified,non-fibrous phloem;B, fiber bands of generally three cells,some of which are tangentially very long.Rays lignify when crossing the fiber bands.Sieve tubes (arrows) diffuse;C, Sieve tubes (*) with one companion cell (arrows) lying at one corner of the sieve tube.Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Acicular crystals common in axial and ray parenchyma;D-F, Pachyptera aromatica; D, overall view of the regular phloem, with fiber bands formed by 3-4 polygonal fibers. Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Nonconducting phloem evident after the first fiber band, with collapse of sieve tubes (arrow) and dilatation of axial and ray parenchyma; E, overall view of the phloem wedge and variant phloem. Stratified, non-fibrous. Sieve tubes in radial arrangement. Axial parenchyma as the background tissue. Rays lignified when crossing the fiber bands. Fiber bands thin to thick; F, detail of the variant phloem. Sieve tubes (*) solitary or in multiples. One to two companion cells (arrows) lying to the same side of the sieve tube; G-I, Lundia; G, Lundia glazioviana. Overall view of the phloem wedge, variant and regular phloem. Fibrous phloem. Sieve tubes arranged tangentially or in clusters; H, Lundia damazioi. Regular phloem. Thin fiber bands. Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Tiny sieve tubes (arrows); I, Lundia damazioi. Variant phloem. Wide sieve tubes (*) solitary or in multiples.Axial parenchyma sieve-tube-centric. One to two companion cells per sieve tube,lying at the same corner of the sieve tube. Abbreviations: cz, cambial zone; fb, fiber band; lr, limiting rays; x, secondary xylem. Scale bars: A, E, 500 μm; B, D, F, I, 100 μm; C, 50 μm; G, 400 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006392/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Fig. 10I</figureCitation>
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). The sieve elements may be solitary to multiples of 2-3 (
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<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFD391298D7EC194FC01AD41" box="[866,954,1013,1039]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[132,143,1759,1776]" captionTargetBox="[222,1366,215,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-374@19.[221,795,686,1160]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 10. — Secondary phloem of Manaosella, Pachyptera, and Lundia. Transverse sections: A-C, Manaosella cordifolia; A, overall view of the phloem wedge and the variant phloem of Manaosella. Stratified,non-fibrous phloem;B, fiber bands of generally three cells,some of which are tangentially very long.Rays lignify when crossing the fiber bands.Sieve tubes (arrows) diffuse;C, Sieve tubes (*) with one companion cell (arrows) lying at one corner of the sieve tube.Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Acicular crystals common in axial and ray parenchyma;D-F, Pachyptera aromatica; D, overall view of the regular phloem, with fiber bands formed by 3-4 polygonal fibers. Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Nonconducting phloem evident after the first fiber band, with collapse of sieve tubes (arrow) and dilatation of axial and ray parenchyma; E, overall view of the phloem wedge and variant phloem. Stratified, non-fibrous. Sieve tubes in radial arrangement. Axial parenchyma as the background tissue. Rays lignified when crossing the fiber bands. Fiber bands thin to thick; F, detail of the variant phloem. Sieve tubes (*) solitary or in multiples. One to two companion cells (arrows) lying to the same side of the sieve tube; G-I, Lundia; G, Lundia glazioviana. Overall view of the phloem wedge, variant and regular phloem. Fibrous phloem. Sieve tubes arranged tangentially or in clusters; H, Lundia damazioi. Regular phloem. Thin fiber bands. Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Tiny sieve tubes (arrows); I, Lundia damazioi. Variant phloem. Wide sieve tubes (*) solitary or in multiples.Axial parenchyma sieve-tube-centric. One to two companion cells per sieve tube,lying at the same corner of the sieve tube. Abbreviations: cz, cambial zone; fb, fiber band; lr, limiting rays; x, secondary xylem. Scale bars: A, E, 500 μm; B, D, F, I, 100 μm; C, 50 μm; G, 400 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006392/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Fig. 10I</figureCitation>
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). Narrower sieve elements with just one companion cell may be found in a parenchyma band present in all species studied. As seen in longitudinal section, the sieve elements are long (over
|
|
<quantity id="4CC79B2FFFD391298A03C634FBE5AD21" box="[1055,1118,1109,1135]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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) and their end walls are inclined, bearing sieve plates with 12-15 sieve areas.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298D31C6D5FA99ACC0" blockId="20.[812,1455,1204,1422]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
|
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298D31C6D5FC47AD80" bold="true" box="[813,1020,1204,1230]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Axial parenchyma.</emphasis>
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The phloem parenchyma is sieve-tube-centric to sieve-tube-centric incomplete, therefore surrounding or partially surrounding the groups of sieve elements (
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<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFD391298D2AC775FC34AC60" box="[822,911,1300,1326]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[132,143,1759,1776]" captionTargetBox="[222,1366,215,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-374@19.[221,795,686,1160]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 10. — Secondary phloem of Manaosella, Pachyptera, and Lundia. Transverse sections: A-C, Manaosella cordifolia; A, overall view of the phloem wedge and the variant phloem of Manaosella. Stratified,non-fibrous phloem;B, fiber bands of generally three cells,some of which are tangentially very long.Rays lignify when crossing the fiber bands.Sieve tubes (arrows) diffuse;C, Sieve tubes (*) with one companion cell (arrows) lying at one corner of the sieve tube.Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Acicular crystals common in axial and ray parenchyma;D-F, Pachyptera aromatica; D, overall view of the regular phloem, with fiber bands formed by 3-4 polygonal fibers. Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Nonconducting phloem evident after the first fiber band, with collapse of sieve tubes (arrow) and dilatation of axial and ray parenchyma; E, overall view of the phloem wedge and variant phloem. Stratified, non-fibrous. Sieve tubes in radial arrangement. Axial parenchyma as the background tissue. Rays lignified when crossing the fiber bands. Fiber bands thin to thick; F, detail of the variant phloem. Sieve tubes (*) solitary or in multiples. One to two companion cells (arrows) lying to the same side of the sieve tube; G-I, Lundia; G, Lundia glazioviana. Overall view of the phloem wedge, variant and regular phloem. Fibrous phloem. Sieve tubes arranged tangentially or in clusters; H, Lundia damazioi. Regular phloem. Thin fiber bands. Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Tiny sieve tubes (arrows); I, Lundia damazioi. Variant phloem. Wide sieve tubes (*) solitary or in multiples.Axial parenchyma sieve-tube-centric. One to two companion cells per sieve tube,lying at the same corner of the sieve tube. Abbreviations: cz, cambial zone; fb, fiber band; lr, limiting rays; x, secondary xylem. Scale bars: A, E, 500 μm; B, D, F, I, 100 μm; C, 50 μm; G, 400 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006392/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Fig. 10I</figureCitation>
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). Furthermore, a parenchyma band composed of 2-3 cells of phloem parenchyma is associated with sieve elements of narrower diameter. The phloem parenchyma tends to
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFD391298D55C715FC7AACC0" box="[841,961,1396,1422]" form="radial" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" rank="form">form radial</taxonomicName>
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rows of 4-6 cells in some places.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298D31C7D2FBE0ACA3" blockId="20.[811,1456,1459,1518]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298D31C7D2FCCEAC83" bold="true" box="[813,885,1459,1485]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Fibers.</emphasis>
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Fibers
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFD391298DDCC7D2FBA0AC83" box="[960,1051,1459,1485]" form="the" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" rank="form">form the</taxonomicName>
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background tissue where all other cells are embedded (
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<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFD391298DCFC7B2FBF6ACA3" box="[979,1101,1491,1517]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[132,143,1759,1776]" captionTargetBox="[222,1366,215,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-374@19.[221,795,686,1160]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 10. — Secondary phloem of Manaosella, Pachyptera, and Lundia. Transverse sections: A-C, Manaosella cordifolia; A, overall view of the phloem wedge and the variant phloem of Manaosella. Stratified,non-fibrous phloem;B, fiber bands of generally three cells,some of which are tangentially very long.Rays lignify when crossing the fiber bands.Sieve tubes (arrows) diffuse;C, Sieve tubes (*) with one companion cell (arrows) lying at one corner of the sieve tube.Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Acicular crystals common in axial and ray parenchyma;D-F, Pachyptera aromatica; D, overall view of the regular phloem, with fiber bands formed by 3-4 polygonal fibers. Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Nonconducting phloem evident after the first fiber band, with collapse of sieve tubes (arrow) and dilatation of axial and ray parenchyma; E, overall view of the phloem wedge and variant phloem. Stratified, non-fibrous. Sieve tubes in radial arrangement. Axial parenchyma as the background tissue. Rays lignified when crossing the fiber bands. Fiber bands thin to thick; F, detail of the variant phloem. Sieve tubes (*) solitary or in multiples. One to two companion cells (arrows) lying to the same side of the sieve tube; G-I, Lundia; G, Lundia glazioviana. Overall view of the phloem wedge, variant and regular phloem. Fibrous phloem. Sieve tubes arranged tangentially or in clusters; H, Lundia damazioi. Regular phloem. Thin fiber bands. Axial parenchyma forms the background tissue. Tiny sieve tubes (arrows); I, Lundia damazioi. Variant phloem. Wide sieve tubes (*) solitary or in multiples.Axial parenchyma sieve-tube-centric. One to two companion cells per sieve tube,lying at the same corner of the sieve tube. Abbreviations: cz, cambial zone; fb, fiber band; lr, limiting rays; x, secondary xylem. Scale bars: A, E, 500 μm; B, D, F, I, 100 μm; C, 50 μm; G, 400 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006392/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Fig. 10G, I</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298D31C472FBEAAF23" blockId="20.[813,1456,1555,1645]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298D31C472FCD2AF63" bold="true" box="[813,873,1555,1581]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Rays.</emphasis>
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|
The limiting rays are only lignified to the xylem face (10
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE0FFFD391298D48C452FCD0AF03" box="[852,875,1587,1613]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
|
). The wedge rays have randomly alternating portions lignified and non-lignified.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298D31C4F3FC7CAFA3" blockId="20.[813,1457,1682,1773]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298D31C4F3FC2AAFE2" bold="true" box="[813,913,1682,1708]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Crystals.</emphasis>
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|
Acicular crystals are present in the phloem and ray parenchyma across the entire phloem wedge (absent in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFD391298D32C4B3FC03AFA2" box="[814,952,1746,1772]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Lundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longa">
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|
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298D32C4B3FC03AFA2" box="[814,952,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Lundia longa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298D31C573FC29AE62" blockId="20.[810,1456,1810,2028]" box="[813,914,1810,1836]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298D31C573FC29AE62" bold="true" box="[813,914,1810,1836]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Periderm</emphasis>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFD391298D31C553FA33AEA2" blockId="20.[810,1456,1810,2028]" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE0FFFD391298D31C553FC85AE02" box="[813,830,1842,1868]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
|
single periderm formed. The phellem is non-stratified, composed of evenly thin-walled cells in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFD391298A82C533FADEAE22" box="[1182,1381,1874,1900]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Lundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="corymbifera">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298A82C533FADEAE22" box="[1182,1381,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Lundia corymbifera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFD391298B85C532FC31AEC2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Lundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virginalis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298B85C532FC31AEC2" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">L. virginalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The phellem is stratified in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFD391298AB3C513FA8EAEC2" box="[1199,1333,1906,1932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Lundia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longa">
|
|
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFD391298AB3C513FA8EAEC2" box="[1199,1333,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Lundia longa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, with alternating thin and thick-walled cells.The phelloderm is thick, with over three layers of cells, non-stratified (
|
|
<tableCitation id="C6BD0371FFD391298AD6C5D3FAACAE82" box="[1226,1303,1970,1996]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="6.[506,517,219,236]" captionTargetId="graphics-35@6.[132,1455,651,2022]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 2. — Description of the periderm of the lianas of Bignoniaceae." pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
|
). The lenticels are non-stratified, with unlignified filling tissue (
|
|
<tableCitation id="C6BD0371FFD391298B37C5B0FAC2AEA2" box="[1323,1401,2001,2028]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="6.[506,517,219,236]" captionTargetId="graphics-35@6.[132,1455,651,2022]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 2. — Description of the periderm of the lianas of Bignoniaceae." pageId="20" pageNumber="185">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |