200 lines
27 KiB
XML
200 lines
27 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="3C54F9841AB787627B3CC9815BE9155F">A review of the families and genera of the hyperiidean amphipod superfamily Phronimoidea Bowman & Gruner, 1973 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC5FFFDEFEDFF99EFD14F92E" bold="true" box="[264,646,1638,1664]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC5FFFDEFE88F99EFD14F92E" ID-CoL="7NVF2" authority="Bovallius, 1887" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityYear="1887" box="[351,646,1638,1664]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dairellidae" genus="Dairella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC5FFFDEFE88F99EFE50F92E" bold="true" box="[351,450,1638,1664]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Dairella</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC5FFFDEFE1DF99EFD14F92E" author="Bovallius, C." box="[458,646,1638,1664]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref24219" refString="Bovallius, C. (1887) Systematical list of the Amphipoda Hyperiidea. Bihang till Kungliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 11 (16), 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1887">Bovallius, 1887</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C320F488EC5FFFDEFEDFF94AFC43F8A6" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9B8112EC5FFFDEFEDFF94AFDD7F966" author="Bovallius, C." box="[264,581,1713,1737]" page="24" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1887">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC5FFFDEFEDFF94AFDD7F966" ID-CoL="7NVF2" authority="Bovallius, 1887: 24" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityPageNumber="24" authorityYear="1887" box="[264,581,1713,1737]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dairellidae" genus="Dairella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC5FFFDEFEDFF94AFEF3F967" box="[264,353,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Dairella</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC5FFFDEFEBCF949FDD7F966" author="Bovallius, C." box="[363,581,1713,1736]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref24219" refString="Bovallius, C. (1887) Systematical list of the Amphipoda Hyperiidea. Bihang till Kungliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 11 (16), 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1887">Bovallius, 1887: 24</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. –
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9B8112EC5FFFDEFDBFF949FC03F966" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[616,913,1713,1736]" page="1342" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1888">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC5FFFDEFDBFF949FC03F966" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[616,913,1713,1736]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 1737" refId="ref30066" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1888) Report on the Amphipoda collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 76 Zoology, 29, i - xxiv + 1 - 1737, pls 1 - 210." type="journal article" year="1888">Stebbing 1888: 1342–1343</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9B8112EC5FFFDEFC49F949FBEDF966" author="Bovallius, C." box="[926,1151,1713,1736]" page="332" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1889">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC5FFFDEFC49F949FBEDF966" author="Bovallius, C." box="[926,1151,1713,1736]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 434" refId="ref24248" refString="Bovallius, C. (1889) Contributions to a monograph of the Amphipoda Hyperiidea, Part I: 2. The families Cyllopodidae, Paraphronimidae, Thaumatopsidae, Mimonectidae, Hyperiidae, Phronimidae and Anchylomeridae. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 22 (7), 1 - 434, pls 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1889">Bovallius 1889: 332</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B8112EC5FFFDEFB5CF949FEC7F946" author="Vosseler, J." page="51" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1901">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC5FFFDEFB5CF949FEC7F946" author="Vosseler, J." pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref31095" refString="Vosseler, J. (1901) Die Amphipoden der Plankton-Expedition. I. Theil. Hyperiidea 1. Ergebnisse der Plankton-Expedition der Humbolt-Stiftung, 2, i - viii + 1 - 129, pls 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1901">Vosseler 1901: 51</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B8112EC5FFFDEFEB7F929FDF3F946" author="Schellenberg, A." box="[352,609,1745,1768]" page="637" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1927">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC5FFFDEFEB7F929FDF3F946" author="Schellenberg, A." box="[352,609,1745,1768]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="589 - 722" refId="ref29036" refString="Schellenberg, A. (1927) Amphipoda des Nordischen Plankton. In: Nordisches Plankton Zoologischer Teil. Vol. 3. Kiel, Leipzig, pp. 589 - 722." type="book chapter" year="1927">Schellenberg 1927: 637</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B8112EC5FFFDEFDBBF929FC8FF946" author="Pirlot, J. M." box="[620,797,1745,1768]" page="107" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1929">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC5FFFDEFDBBF929FC8FF946" author="Pirlot, J. M." box="[620,797,1745,1768]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 196" refId="ref28605" refString="Pirlot, J. M. (1929) Resultats zoologiques de la croisiere atlantique de l' ' Armauer Hansen' (Mai - Juin 1922). 1. Les Amphipodes Hyperides. Memoires de la Societe Royale des Sciences de Liege, serie 3, 15 (2), 1 - 196." type="journal article" year="1929">Pirlot 1929: 107</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B8112EC5FFFDEFCFFF929FB1AF946" author="Bowman, T. E. & Gruner, H. - E." box="[808,1160,1745,1768]" page="36" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1973">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC5FFFDEFCFFF929FB1AF946" author="Bowman, T. E. & Gruner, H. - E." box="[808,1160,1745,1768]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref24466" refString="Bowman, T. E. & Gruner, H. - E. (1973) The families and genera of Hyperiidea (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 146, 1 - 64." type="book chapter" year="1973">Bowman & Gruner 1973: 36–37</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B8112EC5FFFDEFB45F929FE5BF8A6" author="Vinogradov, M. E. & Volkov, A. F. & Semenova, T. N." page="331" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1982">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC5FFFDEFB45F929FE5BF8A6" author="Vinogradov, M. E. & Volkov, A. F. & Semenova, T. N." pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref31017" refString="Vinogradov, M. E., Volkov, A. F. & Semenova, T. N. (1982) Amfipody-Giperiidy (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) Mrovogo Okeanea. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR No. 132. Leningrad, 492 pp. [In Russian]. (English translation, 1996, Smithsonian Institution Libraries, Washington D. C., D. Siegel-Causey, Scientific Editor)." type="book" year="1982">
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Vinogradov
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<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC5FFFDEFAC0F92AFEDFF8A7" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 1982: 331
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B8112EC5FFFDEFE04F909FD2AF8A6" author="Vinogradov, G. M." box="[467,696,1777,1800]" page="65" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1990">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC5FFFDEFE04F909FD2AF8A6" author="Vinogradov, G. M." box="[467,696,1777,1800]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="27 - 104" refId="ref30774" refString="Vinogradov, G. M. (1990) Pelagic amphipods (Amphipoda, Crustacea) from the south-eastern Pacific. Transactions of the P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, 124, 27 - 104. [In Russian]." type="journal article" year="1990">Vinogradov 1990: 65</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9B8112EC5FFFDEFD15F909FC5FF8A6" author="Vinogradov, G. M." box="[706,973,1777,1800]" page="1181" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1999">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC5FFFDEFD15F909FC5FF8A6" author="Vinogradov, G. M." box="[706,973,1777,1800]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1141 - 1240" refId="ref30852" refString="Vinogradov, G. M. (1999 a) Amphipoda. In: Boltovskoy, D. (Ed) South Atlantic Zooplankton. Vol. 2. Backhuys, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 1141 - 1240." type="book chapter" year="1999">Vinogradov 1999a: 1181</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C320F488EC40FFC1FEDFFEE4FE08FE9B" box="[264,410,284,309]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B85A703EC40FFC1FEDFFEE4FE08FE9B" blockId="48.[264,1323,284,430]" box="[264,410,284,309]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC40FFC1FEDFFEE4FE08FE9B" box="[264,410,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<typeStatus id="548119A1EC40FFC1FEDFFEE4FED3FE9B" box="[264,321,284,309]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C320F488EC40FFC1FEEFFEBCFC60FE00" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B85A703EC40FFC1FEEFFEBCFC60FE00" blockId="48.[264,1323,284,430]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC40FFC1FEEFFEBCFCA4FEF0" authority="Bovallius, 1885" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityYear="1885" box="[312,822,324,350]" class="Malacostraca" family="Paraphronimidae" genus="Paraphronima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
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<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC40FFC1FEEFFEBCFDFFFEF3" box="[312,621,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Paraphronima californica</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC40FFC1FDA0FEBCFCA4FEF0" author="Bovallius, C." box="[631,822,324,350]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref24184" refString="Bovallius, C. (1885) On some forgotten genera among the Amphipodous Crustacea. Bihang till Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 10 (14), 1 - 17, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1885">Bovallius, 1885</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
<typeStatus id="548119A1EC40FFC1FC9AFEBCFC15FEF0" box="[845,903,324,350]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Type</typeStatus>
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||
material could not be found at the SMNH, ZMUC or in
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<collectingRegion id="49FE69E1EC40FFC1FDD0FE94FDF5FE28" box="[519,615,364,390]" country="Sweden" name="Uppsala" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Uppsala</collectingRegion>
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||
and is considered lost. However,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC40FFC1FC2AFE94FBCDFE2B" ID-CoL="7NVF2" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityYear="1887" box="[1021,1119,364,389]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dairellidae" genus="Dairella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC40FFC1FC2AFE94FBCDFE2B" box="[1021,1119,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Dairella</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
is a very distinctive genus, adequately characterised by
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC40FFC1FD0CFE6CFC0BFE00" author="Bovallius, C." box="[731,921,404,430]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref24219" refString="Bovallius, C. (1887) Systematical list of the Amphipoda Hyperiidea. Bihang till Kungliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 11 (16), 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1887">Bovallius (1887</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC40FFC1FC71FE6CFC77FE00" author="Bovallius, C." box="[934,997,404,430]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 434" refId="ref24248" refString="Bovallius, C. (1889) Contributions to a monograph of the Amphipoda Hyperiidea, Part I: 2. The families Cyllopodidae, Paraphronimidae, Thaumatopsidae, Mimonectidae, Hyperiidae, Phronimidae and Anchylomeridae. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 22 (7), 1 - 434, pls 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1889">1889</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C320F488EC40FFC1FEDFFE1CFB3BF950" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC40FFC1FEDFFE1CFEEDFE53" blockId="48.[264,967,484,590]" box="[264,383,484,509]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC40FFC1FEDFFE1CFEEDFE53" box="[264,383,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC40FFC1FEEFFDF4FC55FD88" blockId="48.[264,967,484,590]" box="[312,967,524,550]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">The characters of the family are also those of the genus.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B85A703EC40FFC1FEEFFDCCFE52FDE0" blockId="48.[264,967,484,590]" box="[312,448,564,590]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Monotypic.</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC40FFC1FEDFFD7CFE7BFD33" blockId="48.[264,1323,644,870]" box="[264,489,644,669]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC40FFC1FEDFFD7CFE7BFD33" box="[264,489,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Sexual dimorphism</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC40FFC1FEEFFD54FE70FCC8" blockId="48.[264,1323,644,870]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
The sexes are very similar, but the filiform, multiarticulate antennae readily distinguish males. Mature males also tend to have uropod 3 with relatively broader exopods and endopods, and the apex of the telson is often concave medially in females but is usually convex in males. Females also have a much broader pereon (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1301BB86EC40FFC1FBC3FCDCFBE5FC90" box="[1044,1143,804,830]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="50.[264,367,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[283,1304,320,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-89@50.[264,1323,292,1770]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 7. Dairella californica. A, dorsal view of ovigerous female, 7.2 mm, tropical SE Atlantic (Dana stn. 3996iii). B, lateral view of male, 8.1 mm, central South Pacific (Dana stn. 3620v). C, D, uropod 3 of male and female, 6.6 mm, central South Pacific (Dana stn. 3620v). E, uropod 3 of B. Scale bars = 1.0 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C–E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259750" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259750/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
), especially in mature specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC40FFC1FEDFFC64FEFCFC1B" blockId="48.[264,1325,924,1790]" box="[264,366,924,949]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC40FFC1FEDFFC64FEFCFC1B" box="[264,366,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC40FFC1FEEFFC3CFB89FB80" blockId="48.[264,1325,924,1790]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC40FFC1FEEFFC3CFE08FC73" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityYear="1887" box="[312,410,964,989]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dairellidae" genus="Dairella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC40FFC1FEEFFC3CFE08FC73" box="[312,410,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Dairella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a very distinctive genus, readily distinguished by the relatively broad, dorsoventrally compressed pereon, and the simple gnathopods and pereopods. The genus seems to be uncommon, and very little is known about the biology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B85A703EC40FFC1FEEFFBC4FB3BF950" blockId="48.[264,1325,924,1790]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Following an examination of over
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3C6C8AEC40FFC1FD07FBC4FCECFBF8" box="[720,894,1084,1110]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="generic">200 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
I have found it impossible to distinguish between the two nominal species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC40FFC1FD3FFB9CFBF1FBD0" authority="(Bovallius, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="Bovallius" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[744,1123,1124,1150]" class="Malacostraca" family="Paraphronimidae" genus="Paraphronima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC40FFC1FD3FFB9CFC1FFBD3" box="[744,909,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">D. californica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC40FFC1FC49FB9CFBC9FBD0" author="Bovallius, C." box="[926,1115,1124,1150]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref24184" refString="Bovallius, C. (1885) On some forgotten genera among the Amphipodous Crustacea. Bihang till Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 10 (14), 1 - 17, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1885">Bovallius, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC40FFC1FB48FB9CFE55FB08" authority="Bovallius, 1887" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityYear="1887" class="Malacostraca" family="Dairellidae" genus="Dairella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lattisima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC40FFC1FB48FB9CFAB8FBD3" box="[1183,1322,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">D. lattisima</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC40FFC1FEDFFB74FE55FB08" author="Bovallius, C." box="[264,455,1164,1190]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref24219" refString="Bovallius, C. (1887) Systematical list of the Amphipoda Hyperiidea. Bihang till Kungliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 11 (16), 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1887">Bovallius, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and consider them synonymous. The material examined confirms that the characters used to distinguishing between the two species fall into the range of variation resulting from sex and age.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC40FFC1FD45FB24FCCEFB58" author="Bovallius, C." box="[658,860,1244,1270]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 434" refId="ref24248" refString="Bovallius, C. (1889) Contributions to a monograph of the Amphipoda Hyperiidea, Part I: 2. The families Cyllopodidae, Paraphronimidae, Thaumatopsidae, Mimonectidae, Hyperiidae, Phronimidae and Anchylomeridae. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 22 (7), 1 - 434, pls 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1889">Bovallius (1889)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, followed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFABDAF2EC40FFC1FBD7FB24FAB4FB58" author="Vinogradov, M. E. & Volkov, A. F. & Semenova, T. N." box="[1024,1318,1244,1270]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref31017" refString="Vinogradov, M. E., Volkov, A. F. & Semenova, T. N. (1982) Amfipody-Giperiidy (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) Mrovogo Okeanea. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR No. 132. Leningrad, 492 pp. [In Russian]. (English translation, 1996, Smithsonian Institution Libraries, Washington D. C., D. Siegel-Causey, Scientific Editor)." type="book" year="1982">
|
||
Vinogradov
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC40FFC1FB46FB24FB57FB5B" box="[1169,1221,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1982)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, separate them as follows. In
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC40FFC1FD88FAFCFC99FAB3" box="[607,779,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC40FFC1FD88FAFCFC94FAB3" baseAuthorityName="Bovallius" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[607,774,1284,1309]" class="Malacostraca" family="Paraphronimidae" genus="Paraphronima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">D. californica</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
pereopod 5 is only slightly longer than pereopod 4; the basis of pereopod 5 is slightly longer than the carpus, and uropod 3 has narrowly lanceolate exopods and endopods. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3ADC80EC40FFC1FCC8FAACFC3DFAC3" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityYear="1887" box="[799,943,1364,1389]" class="Malacostraca" family="Dairellidae" genus="Dairella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94E7B11EC40FFC1FCC8FAACFC3DFAC3" box="[799,943,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">D. latissima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pereopod 5 is distinctly longer than pereopod 4; the basis of pereopod 5 is subequal in length to the carpus, and uropod 3 has broadly lanceolate exopods and endopods. These characters are subjective and have proved to be unreliable. In the material examined, which included numerous examples of both sexes, pereopod 5 was always only slightly longer than pereopod 4 (1.1–1.2x) and the basis of pereopod 5 was mostly subequal in length to the carpus in mature specimens (about 1.2x), but slightly longer in immature specimens (1.3–1.6x). The endopods and exopods of uropod 3 vary considerably amongst females, usually being broader in larger and ovigerous specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1301BB86EC40FFC1FDEAF96CFD16F900" box="[573,644,1684,1710]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="51.[264,368,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[289,1310,324,1748]" captionTargetId="figure-36@51.[264,1323,314,1758]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 8. Dairella californica, ovigerous female, 7.2 mm, tropical SE Atlantic (Dana stn. 3996iii). Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259752/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Juvenile males are more like females, although the rami of uropod 3 maybe slightly broader (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1301BB86EC40FFC1FD1DF944FCB9F978" box="[714,811,1724,1750]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="50.[264,367,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[283,1304,320,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-89@50.[264,1323,292,1770]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 7. Dairella californica. A, dorsal view of ovigerous female, 7.2 mm, tropical SE Atlantic (Dana stn. 3996iii). B, lateral view of male, 8.1 mm, central South Pacific (Dana stn. 3620v). C, D, uropod 3 of male and female, 6.6 mm, central South Pacific (Dana stn. 3620v). E, uropod 3 of B. Scale bars = 1.0 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C–E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259750" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259750/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
), becoming even broader in mature specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1301BB86EC40FFC1FE81F91CFE23F950" box="[342,433,1764,1790]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="50.[264,367,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[283,1304,320,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-89@50.[264,1323,292,1770]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 7. Dairella californica. A, dorsal view of ovigerous female, 7.2 mm, tropical SE Atlantic (Dana stn. 3996iii). B, lateral view of male, 8.1 mm, central South Pacific (Dana stn. 3620v). C, D, uropod 3 of male and female, 6.6 mm, central South Pacific (Dana stn. 3620v). E, uropod 3 of B. Scale bars = 1.0 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C–E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259750" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259750/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
). In males pereopod 5 is also marginally longer than in females.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |