169 lines
26 KiB
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169 lines
26 KiB
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<document id="F521FAA8C335147DE62B10DCA03D155D" ID-CLB-Dataset="29016" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4459.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="63e1a736-5a54-4bc8-9eb0-99b172ec3bc3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1458734" ID-ZooBank="5C5A86AC-6FA4-46AD-9A89-068E9119DD28" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1539289530301" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Monniot, Françoise" docDate="2018" docId="039187CAB94C3C11FF6B51DFBBFA38FE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4459.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4459 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pyura vittata Van" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="423" masterDocId="FFA8FFB2B95A3C07FFFC5148BA763D09" masterDocTitle="Ascidians collected during the Madibenthos expedition in Martinique 3. Stolidobranchia, Pyuridae and Molgulidae" masterLastPageNumber="430" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="423" updateTime="1698578571020" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="02D7ABB0C9CD555F9083DB9355DEBF1A">Ascidians collected during the Madibenthos expedition in Martinique 3. Stolidobranchia, Pyuridae and Molgulidae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="7D22E5ECC2F4451E451A3F8FB5655FAE" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="9135F2D55801F9784372A96991B18F1F">Monniot, Françoise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="A7D51FF2D74FF825221E16DFEBF4B5B4">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D2959BDC883F233FBF461978745999CC">2018-08-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F1FC7809D00C4A2428C808387ADABCD0">4459</mods:number>
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<treatment id="039187CAB94C3C11FF6B51DFBBFA38FE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3500480" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148692796" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3500480" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039187CAB94C3C11FF6B51DFBBFA38FE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039187CAB94C3C11FF6B51DFBBFA38FE" lastPageNumber="423" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<subSubSection id="C3226557B94C3C11FF6B51DFBB483DDA" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8736DCB94C3C11FF6B51DFB8763DBB" blockId="22.[151,512,151,211]" box="[151,512,151,178]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<heading id="D0CF81B0B94C3C11FF6B51DFB8763DBB" bold="true" box="[151,512,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B94CEACEB94C3C11FF6B51DFB8763DBB" bold="true" box="[151,512,151,178]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<taxonomicName id="4C384D5FB94C3C11FF6B51DFBB1D3DBB" ID-CoL="4QYC8" authority="Van" authorityName="Van" box="[151,363,151,178]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Pyura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vittata">
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<emphasis id="B94CEACEB94C3C11FF6B51DFBB473DB8" bold="true" box="[151,305,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Pyura vittata</emphasis>
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Van
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</taxonomicName>
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name, 1921
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8736DCB94C3C11FF6B51F2BB483DDA" blockId="22.[151,512,151,211]" box="[151,318,186,211]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FF6B51F2BA9A3DDA" box="[151,236,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="23.[151,250,2005,2027]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,481,1981]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[169,1417,481,1994]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 21. Pyura vittata. A, dissection; B, one specimen; C, gonad lobes and heart vessel. Scale bars A,B =1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458776/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figs 21</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FF0451F3BB603DDA" box="[248,278,187,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,260,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,250,1925]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 22. Pyura vittata (stained). A, dissection; B, branchial sac. Scale bars = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458778/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">22</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FEDE51F3BB483DDA" box="[290,318,187,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="25.[151,250,763,785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,742]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1435,193,742]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 23. Pyura vittata spinules of 2 specimens. Scale bars = 0.1mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458780/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">23</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3226557B94C3C11FF6B504BB9593816" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8736DCB94C3C11FF6B504BBE5D3C11" blockId="22.[151,1219,258,342]" box="[151,1067,258,280]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA94B2DB94C3C11FF6B504BBB4A3C11" box="[151,316,258,280]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" refId="ref9520" refString="Van Name, W. G. (1921) Ascidians of the West Indian region and Southeastern United States. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 44, 283 - 494." type="journal article">Van Name 1921</bibRefCitation>
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, and synonymy;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA94B2DB94C3C11FE14504AB8EF3C11" box="[488,665,258,280]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" refId="ref8485" refString="Monniot, C. (1983) Ascidies littorales de Guadeloupe VI. Pyuridae et Molgulidae. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 5, A n ° 4, 1021 - 1044." type="journal article">Monniot C. 1983</bibRefCitation>
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: Martinique;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA94B2DB94C3C11FCDD504AB9AB3C11" box="[801,989,258,280]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" refId="ref9206" refString="Rocha, R. M., Zanata, T. B. & Moreno, T. R. (2012 b) Keys for the identification of families and genera of Atlantic shallow water ascidians. Biota Neotropica, 12, 1 - 35. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1676 - 06032012000100022" type="journal article">
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Rocha
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<emphasis id="B94CEACEB94C3C11FC94504BB9E33C11" box="[872,917,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">et al</emphasis>
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2012b
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</bibRefCitation>
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, Brazil.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8736DCB94C3C11FF6B506AB8713C3E" blockId="22.[151,1219,258,342]" box="[151,519,289,311]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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Not
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA94B2DB94C3C11FF3F5069BB013C3E" box="[195,375,289,311]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" refId="ref8643" refString="Monniot, F. (2016 a) Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French Guiana Expedition. Zootaxa, 4114 (3), 201 - 245. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4114.3.1" type="journal article">Monniot F. 2016a</bibRefCitation>
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=
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<taxonomicName id="4C384D5FB94C3C11FE6E506AB8713C3E" box="[402,519,290,311]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Pyura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vannamei">
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<emphasis id="B94CEACEB94C3C11FE6E506AB8713C3E" box="[402,519,290,311]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">P.vannamei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8736DCB94C3C11FF6B5008BEB53C5F" blockId="22.[151,1219,258,342]" box="[151,1219,320,342]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Stations: AB 102, 126, 157, 159, 175. AR 101, 110, 116, 158, 164, 189, 456, 465. (MNHN S2 PYU 505)</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8736DCB94C3C11FF6B50CAB9983E2E" blockId="22.[151,1437,386,1527]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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The numerous specimens collected in
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<collectingRegion id="49FCF83EB94C3C11FDA950CAB8A73C92" box="[597,721,386,411]" country="France" name="Martinique" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<collectingCountry id="F32F764CB94C3C11FDA950CAB8A73C92" box="[597,721,386,411]" name="Martinique" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Martinique</collectingCountry>
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</collectingRegion>
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are all covered with epibionts obscuring the red-brown tunic (
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FF6350EEBB733CB6" box="[159,261,422,447]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="23.[151,250,2005,2027]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,481,1981]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[169,1417,481,1994]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 21. Pyura vittata. A, dissection; B, one specimen; C, gonad lobes and heart vessel. Scale bars A,B =1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458776/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 21B</figureCitation>
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). From
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<quantity id="4CC09B39B94C3C11FEA050EFBBCB3CB6" box="[348,445,422,447]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="cm" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2 to 6cm</quantity>
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in length they were fixed by the ventral side and have the siphons widely separated. The tunic is wrinkled with papillae at the siphons wearing long iridescent spinules. The largest spinules reach
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<quantity id="4CC09B39B94C3C11FABC5083BFEA3CEA" box="[1344,1436,459,483]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="0.32">0.32mm</quantity>
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in length and are inflated centrally in a more or less wide disk (
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FCA250A6B9C43F0E" box="[862,946,494,519]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="25.[151,250,763,785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,742]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1435,193,742]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 23. Pyura vittata spinules of 2 specimens. Scale bars = 0.1mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458780/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
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). The internal tunic of the siphons is brown and thick with spinules anteriorly prolonged by a thin membrane down to the tentacles. Extracted from the tunic the siphon wall is red and the body yellow. The musculature is made of strong siphon sphincters and of crossed fibres in separated ribbons on the body sides (
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FD595312B9653F7A" box="[677,787,602,627]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="23.[151,250,2005,2027]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,481,1981]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[169,1417,481,1994]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 21. Pyura vittata. A, dissection; B, one specimen; C, gonad lobes and heart vessel. Scale bars A,B =1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458776/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figs 21A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FCDC5313B9223F7A" box="[800,852,603,627]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,260,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,250,1925]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 22. Pyura vittata (stained). A, dissection; B, branchial sac. Scale bars = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458778/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">22A</figureCitation>
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). The oral tentacles in 3 orders of size have a wide base pinnules but thin branching and are inserted at the base of a thin but large velum. The prepharyngeal band has two crests and is deeply indented dorsally. The dorsal tubercle opens anteriorly its horns variably curled (
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FAD453EABFE63FB2" box="[1320,1424,674,699]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,260,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,250,1925]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 22. Pyura vittata (stained). A, dissection; B, branchial sac. Scale bars = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458778/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 22A</figureCitation>
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). The branchial tissue has a pink-red colour fading in formalin. The dorsal lamina is made of dense long papillae (
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FF6353A2BB713E0A" box="[159,263,746,771]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,260,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,250,1925]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 22. Pyura vittata (stained). A, dissection; B, branchial sac. Scale bars = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458778/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 22B</figureCitation>
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). There are 6 high branchial folds per side well separated (
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FC5D53A2BE7F3E0A" box="[929,1033,746,771]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,260,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,250,1925]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 22. Pyura vittata (stained). A, dissection; B, branchial sac. Scale bars = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458778/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 22B</figureCitation>
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). The formula on the right side in a specimen
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<quantity id="4CC09B39B94C3C11FEF45246BB3B3E2E" box="[264,333,782,807]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="cm" value="3.5">3.5cm</quantity>
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large is: E-8 (14) 9 (20) 10 (20) 10 (20) 8 (20) 7 (14) 6-DL.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8736DCB94C3C11FF3B527ABE5839BA" blockId="22.[151,1437,386,1527]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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The stigmata do not coil at the top of the infundibula. Parastigmatic vessels are present. The longitudinal vessels end in long papillae. The digestive tract extends far anteriorly in a long loop (
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FBBB521EBEC53E66" box="[1095,1203,854,879]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="23.[151,250,2005,2027]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,481,1981]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[169,1417,481,1994]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 21. Pyura vittata. A, dissection; B, one specimen; C, gonad lobes and heart vessel. Scale bars A,B =1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458776/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figs 21A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FB42521FBE843E66" box="[1214,1266,855,879]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,260,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,250,1925]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 22. Pyura vittata (stained). A, dissection; B, branchial sac. Scale bars = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458778/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">22A</figureCitation>
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). The digestive gland has digitiform papillae on the cardia and a large dark brown branched mass in shape of cauliflower (
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FA965232BABC3EBE" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="23.[151,250,2005,2027]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,481,1981]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[169,1417,481,1994]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 21. Pyura vittata. A, dissection; B, one specimen; C, gonad lobes and heart vessel. Scale bars A,B =1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458776/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figs 21A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FF2A52D7BB7B3EBE" box="[214,269,927,951]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,260,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,250,1925]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 22. Pyura vittata (stained). A, dissection; B, branchial sac. Scale bars = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458778/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">22A</figureCitation>
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.). The ascending limb of the intestine is narrow but the rectum is enlarged into a pouch (
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FB1752D6BF213EBE" box="[1259,1367,926,951]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="23.[151,250,2005,2027]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,481,1981]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[169,1417,481,1994]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 21. Pyura vittata. A, dissection; B, one specimen; C, gonad lobes and heart vessel. Scale bars A,B =1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458776/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figs 21A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FA9E52D7BFE23EBE" box="[1378,1428,927,951]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,260,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,250,1925]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 22. Pyura vittata (stained). A, dissection; B, branchial sac. Scale bars = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458778/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">22A</figureCitation>
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) and bent in a secondary loop. The anus has a few round lobes often turned outward. Numerous foliated endocarps line the intestine and become larger on the dorsal side of the gut (
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FC7F52AEB9863EF6" box="[899,1008,998,1023]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="23.[151,250,2005,2027]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,481,1981]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[169,1417,481,1994]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 21. Pyura vittata. A, dissection; B, one specimen; C, gonad lobes and heart vessel. Scale bars A,B =1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458776/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figs 21A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FC0152AFBE473EF6" box="[1021,1073,999,1023]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,260,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,250,1925]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 22. Pyura vittata (stained). A, dissection; B, branchial sac. Scale bars = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458778/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">22A</figureCitation>
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). The left gonad is long, curved and occupies the whole gut loop. The right gonad is long with up to 40 lobes close to each other, in a double series on each side of the common gonoduct each ending in a short papilla near the atrial siphon opening. There are endocarps on the gonad lobes particularly developed on the dorsal anterior side of the right gonad (
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FB1A551ABF223962" box="[1254,1364,1106,1131]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="23.[151,250,2005,2027]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,481,1981]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[169,1417,481,1994]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 21. Pyura vittata. A, dissection; B, one specimen; C, gonad lobes and heart vessel. Scale bars A,B =1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458776/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figs. 21A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FAA7551BBFE63962" box="[1371,1424,1107,1131]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,260,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,250,1925]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 22. Pyura vittata (stained). A, dissection; B, branchial sac. Scale bars = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458778/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">22A</figureCitation>
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). There are no endocarps on the body wall. The right gonad is parallel to the endostyle but separated from it by a long and wide blood vessel (
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FE2B55D2B83439BA" box="[471,578,1178,1203]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="23.[151,250,2005,2027]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,481,1981]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[169,1417,481,1994]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 21. Pyura vittata. A, dissection; B, one specimen; C, gonad lobes and heart vessel. Scale bars A,B =1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458776/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figs 21C</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FDB155D3B8F739BA" box="[589,641,1179,1203]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,260,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,250,1925]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 22. Pyura vittata (stained). A, dissection; B, branchial sac. Scale bars = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458778/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">22A</figureCitation>
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). There is a velum at the atrial siphon.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8736DCB94C3C11FF3B55F6B9593816" blockId="22.[151,1437,386,1527]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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The long spinules have a lanceolated shape, the central part usually very inflated appearing at lower magnification as shining plates. The tip is sharp and the base forms a small bulb (
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<figureCitation id="13032A59B94C3C11FBBB55AABEE239F2" box="[1095,1172,1250,1275]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="25.[151,250,763,785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,742]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1435,193,742]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 23. Pyura vittata spinules of 2 specimens. Scale bars = 0.1mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1458780/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig.23</figureCitation>
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); there are mixed sizes with the largest about
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<quantity id="4CC09B39B94C3C11FE73544FBB9A3816" box="[399,492,1287,1311]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="0.32">0.32mm</quantity>
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long, and with varied width.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3226557B94C3C11FF3B5463BBFA38FE" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8736DCB94C3C11FF3B5463BBFA38FE" blockId="22.[151,1437,386,1527]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
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<taxonomicName id="4C384D5FB94C3C11FF3B5463BB5B384B" ID-CoL="4QYC8" box="[199,301,1323,1346]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Pyura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vittata">
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<emphasis id="B94CEACEB94C3C11FF3B5463BB5B384B" box="[199,301,1323,1346]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">P. vittata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from other West Atlantic
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<taxonomicName id="4C384D5FB94C3C11FD495463B88C384B" ID-CoL="7PX7Q" authorityName="Molina" authorityYear="1782" box="[693,762,1323,1346]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Pyura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94CEACEB94C3C11FD495463B88C384B" box="[693,762,1323,1346]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Pyura</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with 6 branchial folds by the combination of an enlarged rectum, the absence of endocarps on the body wall, gonads long and curved with very numerous lobes, the presence of long iridescent siphonal spinules on the tunic and a constant cover of epibionts on the body. This species was often been considered variable (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA94B2DB94C3C11FDFB54DFB8B638A6" box="[519,704,1431,1455]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" refId="ref9487" refString="Van Name, W. G. (1902) The ascidians of the Bermuda Islands. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 11, 325 - 412." type="journal article">Van Name 1902</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA94B2DB94C3C11FD3054DFB9F238A6" box="[716,900,1430,1455]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" refId="ref9556" refString="Van Name, W. G. (1945) The North and South American ascidians. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 84, 1 - 476." type="journal article">Van Name 1945</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA94B2DB94C3C11FC6C54DEBE4738A6" box="[912,1073,1430,1455]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" refId="ref8485" refString="Monniot, C. (1983) Ascidies littorales de Guadeloupe VI. Pyuridae et Molgulidae. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 5, A n ° 4, 1021 - 1044." type="journal article">Monniot 1983</bibRefCitation>
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) and confused with other
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<taxonomicName id="4C384D5FB94C3C11FAAB54DFBFEA38A7" ID-CoL="7PX7Q" authorityName="Molina" authorityYear="1782" box="[1367,1436,1431,1454]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Pyura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94CEACEB94C3C11FAAB54DFBFEA38A7" box="[1367,1436,1431,1454]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Pyura</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with 6 branchial folds; many records in the literature are not precise enough to ascertain the worldwide distribution given for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |