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<mods:title id="38F8BB2AD1F7A9866570D61BE03331DF">Two new species and new records of Neotropical Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE34AD4FD28943DA230" bold="true" box="[151,382,762,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Culicoides crucifer</emphasis>
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(
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)
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<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE34AD4FCB1941AA25F" box="[151,345,867,891]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Culicoides crucifer</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC4B45FFF2FFE34B1CFCB1975AA25F" author="Clastrier, J." box="[351,537,867,891]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="85 - 92" refId="ref4633" refString="Clastrier, J. (1968) Deux Ceratopogonides nouveaux de la Guyane Francaise. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de la Guyane Francaise et du Territoire de L'Inini, 21, 85 - 92." type="journal article" year="1968">Clastrier, 1968: 85</bibRefCitation>
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(male, female; French Guiana);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBC4B45FFF2FFE3491DFCB196B5A25F" author="Wirth, W. W." box="[862,1014,867,891]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 89" refId="ref5205" refString="Wirth, W. W. (1974) Family Ceratopogonidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A catalog of the Diptera of the Americas southof the United States, Fasc. 14, 1 - 89." type="book chapter" year="1974">Wirth 1974: 29</bibRefCitation>
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(in catalog species south of
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8C10A5FFF2FFE34F14FCB1942BA2BE" author="Aitken, T. H. G. &amp; Wirth, W. W. &amp; Williams, R. W. &amp; Davies, J. B. &amp; Tikasingh, E. S." page="118" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" year="1975">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC4B45FFF2FFE34F14FCB1942BA2BE" author="Aitken, T. H. G. &amp; Wirth, W. W. &amp; Williams, R. W. &amp; Davies, J. B. &amp; Tikasingh, E. S." pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="101 - 144" refId="ref4251" refString="Aitken, T. H. G., Wirth, W. W., Williams, R. W., Davies, J. B. &amp; Tikasingh, E. S. (1975) A review of the bloodsucking midges of Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Journal of Entomology (B), 44, 101 - 144." type="journal article" year="1975">
Aitken
<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE34A84FC5195B6A2BE" box="[199,245,898,922]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">et al</emphasis>
. 1975: 118
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(
<collectingCountry id="F33A7624FFF2FFE34B35FC50948DA2BE" box="[374,462,898,922]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
records);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBC4B45FFF2FFE34875FC509658A2BE" author="Vitale, G. C. &amp; Wirth, W. W. &amp; Aitken, T. H. G." box="[566,795,898,922]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="140 - 159" refId="ref5103" refString="Vitale, G. C., Wirth, W. W. &amp; Aitken, T. H. G. (1981) New species and records of Culicoides reared from arboreal habitats in Panama, with a synopsis of the debilipalpis group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 83, 140 - 159." type="journal article" year="1981">
Vitale
<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE3483AFC5197E4A2BE" box="[633,679,898,922]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">et al</emphasis>
. 1981: 147
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(in key of the
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<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE349F7FC509686A2BD" box="[948,965,898,921]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE34991FC509109A2BE" box="[978,1098,898,922]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">debilipalpis</emphasis>
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group);
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Wirth
<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE34EA7FC519052A2BE" box="[1252,1297,898,922]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">et al</emphasis>
. 1988: 46
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(in wing atlas of species south of
<collectingCountry id="F33A7624FFF2FFE34BB7FC739768A29D" box="[500,555,929,953]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">USA</collectingCountry>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBC4B45FFF2FFE3487FFC729607A29C" author="Borkent, A. &amp; Wirth, W. W." box="[572,836,928,953]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 257" refId="ref4593" refString="Borkent, A. &amp; Wirth, W. W. (1997) World species of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 233, 1 - 257." type="journal article" year="1997">Borkent &amp; Wirth 1997: 66</bibRefCitation>
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(in World catalog);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBC4B45FFF2FFE34E4DFC729068A29D" author="Borkent, A. &amp; Spinelli, G. R." box="[1038,1323,928,953]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref4371" refString="Borkent, A. &amp; Spinelli, G. R. (2000) Catalog of the New World biting midges south of the United States of America (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions on Entomology, International, 4, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="2000">Borkent &amp; Spinelli 2000: 31</bibRefCitation>
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(in catalog species south of
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8C10A5FFF2FFE34BFEFC6D97B7A2F3" author="Trindade, R. L. &amp; Gorayeb, I. S." box="[445,756,959,983]" page="67" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC4B45FFF2FFE34BFEFC6D97B7A2F3" author="Trindade, R. L. &amp; Gorayeb, I. S." box="[445,756,959,983]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="61 - 74" refId="ref5043" refString="Trindade, R. L. &amp; Gorayeb, I. S. (2005) Maruims (Ceratopogonidae: Diptera) do Estuario do Rio Para e do Litoral do Estado do Para, Brasil. Entomologia y Vectores, 12, 61 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0328 - 03812005000100005" type="journal article" year="2005">Trindade &amp; Gorayeb 2005: 67</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
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,
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records);
<treatmentCitation id="0A8C10A5FFF2FFE349ABFC6D904DA2F3" author="Borkent, A. &amp; Spinelli, G. R." box="[1000,1294,959,983]" page="66" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC4B45FFF2FFE349ABFC6D904DA2F3" author="Borkent, A. &amp; Spinelli, G. R." box="[1000,1294,959,983]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" refId="ref4417" refString="Borkent, A. &amp; Spinelli, G. R. (2007) Neotropical Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Insecta). In: Adis, J., Arias, J. R., Rueda-Delgado, G. &amp; Wantzen, K. M. (Eds.), Aquatic biodiversity in Latin America (ABLA). Vol. 4. Pensoft; Sofia-Moscow, 198 pp." type="book" year="2007">Borkent &amp; Spinelli 2007: 66</bibRefCitation>
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(in Neotropical catalog);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBC4B45FFF2FFE34B0FFC0C975EA2D2" author="Silva, F. D. F. &amp; Okada, Y. &amp; Felippe-Bauer, M. L." box="[332,541,990,1014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="69 - 74" refId="ref4925" refString="Silva, F. D. F., Okada, Y. &amp; Felippe-Bauer, M. L. (2010) Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) da vila de Alter do Ch &quot; o, Santarem, Para, Brasil. Revista Pan-amazonica de Saude, 1, 69 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.5123 / S 2176 - 62232010000300010" type="journal article" year="2010">
Silva
<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE34BCBFC0D94F5A2D2" box="[392,438,990,1014]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">et al</emphasis>
. 2010: 71
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
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,
<collectingRegion id="49E9F856FFF2FFE3483AFC0C97E5A2D2" box="[633,678,990,1014]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Pará</collectingRegion>
records);
<treatmentCitation id="0A8C10A5FFF2FFE3494CFC0C914DA2D2" author="Ronderos, M. M. &amp; Spinelli, G. R. &amp; Ferreira Keppler, R. L." box="[783,1038,990,1014]" page="49" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC4B45FFF2FFE3494CFC0C914DA2D2" author="Ronderos, M. M. &amp; Spinelli, G. R. &amp; Ferreira Keppler, R. L." box="[783,1038,990,1014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="492 - 497" refId="ref4861" refString="Ronderos, M. M., Spinelli, G. R. &amp; Ferreira Keppler, R. L. (2013) Description of the pupa of Culicoides crucifer Clastrier (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Neotropical Entomology, 42, 492 - 497. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13744 - 013 - 0142 - 4" type="journal article" year="2013">
Ronderos
<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE3493BFC0D96E5A2D2" box="[888,934,990,1014]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">et al</emphasis>
. 2013: 49
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(pupa,
<collectingRegion id="49E9F856FFF2FFE34E18FC0C9185A2D2" box="[1115,1222,990,1014]" country="Brazil" name="Amazonas" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
records);
<treatmentCitation id="0A8C10A5FFF2FFE34F6CFC0C94DBA531" author="Borkent, A. &amp; Dominiak, P." page="112" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC4B45FFF2FFE34F6CFC0C94DBA531" author="Borkent, A. &amp; Dominiak, P." pageId="5" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 377" refId="ref4322" refString="Borkent, A. &amp; Dominiak, P. (2020) Catalog of the biting midges of the World (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 4787 (1), 1 - 377. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4787.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Borkent &amp; Dominiak 2020: 112</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in World catalog).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C337653FFFF2FFE34AD4FB909458A4E1" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9236B4FFF2FFE34AD4FB909689A435" blockId="5.[151,1437,1090,1585]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE34AD4FB909449A578" bold="true" box="[151,266,1090,1116]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. The only Neotropical species of the subgenus
<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE3496DFB919602A579" box="[814,833,1091,1117]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">C</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE34919FB919162A579" box="[858,1057,1091,1117]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Haematomyidium</emphasis>
) with the following combination of characters: females with flagellomeres 412 subequal in length; sensilla coeloconica on flagellomeres 1, 68; palpal segment 3 slender with broad shallow pit; poststigmatic pale spots in r
<subScript id="17A934F1FFF2FFE349A9FB4F96B1A58F" attach="left" box="[1002,1010,1181,1195]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">3</subScript>
separated; cell m
<subScript id="17A934F1FFF2FFE34EF2FB4F91FAA58F" attach="left" box="[1201,1209,1181,1195]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">1</subScript>
with two pale spots, distal one well separated from wing margin; cell m
<subScript id="17A934F1FFF2FFE3488EFB139796A5EB" attach="left" box="[717,725,1217,1231]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">2</subScript>
with pale spot posterior to medial fork and no trace of pale spot anterior to cubital fork; macrotrichia present on distal half of cells r
<subScript id="17A934F1FFF2FFE349CFFB3796D7A5D7" attach="right" box="[908,916,1253,1267]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">3</subScript>
, m
<subScript id="17A934F1FFF2FFE349FBFB379683A5D7" attach="left" box="[952,960,1253,1267]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">1</subScript>
and m
<subScript id="17A934F1FFF2FFE34E4EFB379156A5D7" attach="left" box="[1037,1045,1253,1267]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">2</subScript>
, only few at extreme distal margin in cua
<subScript id="17A934F1FFF2FFE34A98FADB95A0A433" attach="left" box="[219,227,1289,1303]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">1</subScript>
and anal cell, extending in one row to base of m
<subScript id="17A934F1FFF2FFE34940FADB9648A433" attach="left" box="[771,779,1289,1303]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">2</subScript>
. Male unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9236B4FFF2FFE34A84FAC89791A47D" blockId="5.[151,1437,1090,1585]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE34A84FAC894FBA410" bold="true" box="[199,440,1306,1332]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Specimen examined</emphasis>
. “
<materialsCitation id="3B453CE9FFF2FFE34B90FAC9978DA47D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028584301" collectingDate="2008-09-04" collectionCode="MLPA" collectorName="H. Walantus" country="Argentina" latitude="-27.392" location="Club San Francisco" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-55.93316" municipality="Posadas" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Misiones">
<collectingCountry id="F33A7624FFF2FFE34B90FAC9970BA411" box="[467,584,1307,1333]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Argentina</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E9F856FFF2FFE34815FAC99783A411" box="[598,704,1307,1333]" country="Argentina" name="Misiones" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Misiones</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF6ACCEFFF2FFE3488DFAC99668A411" box="[718,811,1307,1333]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Posadas</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EF2606FFFF2FFE34979FAC9915CA411" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038487A2FFF2FFE34AD4FD289115A715:8EF2606FFFF2FFE34979FAC9915CA411" box="[826,1055,1307,1333]" country="Argentina" latitude="-27.392" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-55.93316" municipality="Posadas" name="Club San Francisco" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" stateProvince="Misiones">Club San Francisco</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE195073FFF2FFE34E6EFAC99194A411" box="[1069,1239,1307,1333]" degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" precision="1" seconds="31.20" value="-27.392">27°2331.20”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE195073FFF2FFE34EA6FAC890DBA411" box="[1253,1432,1306,1333]" degrees="55" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" precision="1" seconds="59.37" value="-55.93316">55°5559.37”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF931074FFF2FFE34AD4FAED9453A47D" box="[151,272,1343,1369]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" value="2008-09-04">
<collectingDate id="EFD7E99CFFF2FFE34AD4FAED9453A47D" box="[151,272,1343,1369]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" value="2008-09-04">4-IX-2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26D85362FFF2FFE34B58FAED94E4A47D" box="[283,423,1343,1369]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">H. Walantus</collectorName>
,
<collectingMethod id="526C4EA3FFF2FFE34BF0FAED971FA47D" box="[435,604,1343,1369]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">CDC light trap</collectingMethod>
” (
<collectionCode id="ED3CAE71FFF2FFE34837FAED9785A47D" box="[628,710,1343,1369]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">MLPA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9236B4FFF2FFE34A84FAB19458A4E1" blockId="5.[151,1437,1090,1585]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
Main numerical characters of the specimen examined: AR: 0.66;
<collectingRegion id="49E9F856FFF2FFE349ECFAB19695A459" box="[943,982,1379,1405]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">PR</collectingRegion>
: 3.34; P/H ratio 1.00; wing length:
<quantity id="4CD59B51FFF2FFE34F28FAB19585A485" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.90 mm</quantity>
; width:
<quantity id="4CD59B51FFF2FFE34B63FA5594C4A485" box="[288,391,1415,1441]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" unit="mm" value="0.42">0.42 mm</quantity>
; CR: 0.55; larger spermatheca: 62 by 42 μm, neck 12 μm; smaller spermatheca: 55 by 35 μm, neck10 μm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C337653FFFF2FFE34A84FA1C958EA729" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9236B4FFF2FFE34A84FA1C958EA729" blockId="5.[151,1437,1090,1585]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE34A84FA1C941AA4CC" bold="true" box="[199,345,1486,1512]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F33A7624FFF2FFE34B24FA1D948AA4CD" box="[359,457,1487,1513]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33A7624FFF2FFE34B96FA1D976CA4CD" box="[469,559,1487,1513]" name="Guyana" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Guyana</collectingCountry>
, French Guiana and Brazilian Amazonia (Amazonas, Pará),
<collectingCountry id="F33A7624FFF2FFE34E91FA1D9002A4CD" box="[1234,1345,1487,1513]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49E9F856FFF2FFE34F13FA1D9582A729" country="Argentina" name="Misiones" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Misiones</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C337653FFFF2FFE34A84F9C59115A715" box="[199,1110,1559,1585]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9236B4FFF2FFE34A84F9C59115A715" blockId="5.[151,1437,1090,1585]" box="[199,1110,1559,1585]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B959EAA6FFF2FFE34A84F9C59477A715" bold="true" box="[199,308,1559,1585]" pageId="5" pageNumber="406">Remarks</emphasis>
. The examined specimen perfectly agrees with the original description.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>