221 lines
25 KiB
XML
221 lines
25 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="FF3E2357CCB742455AD61E8D3D501FBE">Leporidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A2BB9DE6EA34EDC43693A19D3E11A187">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ADA693899503B7527C5A982DEF1FAD67">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="09E45DE0D32352028B9241EDE2494E74">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="9F54866B289864341B703270351F7DB6">2016</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="DBB47FAC081F559671845FC3224317CA" type="pubDate">2016-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="865BA290FF2ECC70E49266DE7BE3ED1C">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="89525AE79DBDE4800699912B6A6323B7">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="B595BE0DBC3E87A25754D998655914A6">
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<mods:title id="EA525BF9B7703420114704D1E57BDB86">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03822308B75AFFE7FA17F546F788F2DF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6625466" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195832009" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6625466" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03822308B75AFFE7FA17F546F788F2DF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03822308B75AFFE7FA17F546F788F2DF" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B75AFFE4FA17F546FA3EFD75" box="[1468,1525,2813,2859]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB75AFFE4FA17F546FA3EFD75" blockId="29.[1466,2333,2813,2939]" box="[1468,1525,2813,2859]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">
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<heading id="D0DC2572B75AFFE4FA17F546FA3EFD75" box="[1468,1525,2813,2859]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">
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<figureCitation id="13108E9BB75AFFE4FA17F546FA3EFD75" box="[1468,1525,2813,2859]" captionStart="Plate 3: Leporidae" captionStartId="2.[115,145,3370,3395]" captionTargetBox="[12,2750,13,3642]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. Amami Rabbit (Pentalagus furnessi), 2. Jameson’s Red Rock Hare (Pronolagus randensis), 3. Natal Red Rock Hare (Pronolagus crassicaudatus), 4. Smith’s Red Rock Hare (Pronolagus rupestris), 5. Hewitt’s Red Rock Hare (Pronolagus saundersiae), 6. Volcano Rabbit (Romerolagus diaz), 7. Riverine Rabbit (Bunolagus monticularis), 8. Pygmy Rabbit (Brachylagus idahoensis), 9. Sumatran Striped Rabbit (Nesolagus netscher), 10. Annamite Striped Rabbit (Nesolagus timminsi), 11. Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani), 12. San Jose Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus mansuetus), 13. Desert Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii), 14. Mountain Cottontail (Sylvilagus nuttallii), 15. New England Cottontail (Sylvilagus transitionalis)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6625691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6625691/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">48.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B75AFFE4F9ADF546F89CFD75" box="[1542,1879,2813,2859]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB75AFFE4F9ADF546F89CFD75" blockId="29.[1466,2333,2813,2939]" box="[1542,1879,2813,2859]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">
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<heading id="D0DC2572B75AFFE4F9ADF546F89CFD75" box="[1542,1879,2813,2859]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">
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<vernacularName id="0528E230B75AFFE4F9ADF546F89CFD75" box="[1542,1879,2813,2859]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">Black Jackrabbit</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B75AFFE4F837F546F760FD75" box="[1948,2219,2813,2859]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB75AFFE4F837F546F760FD75" blockId="29.[1466,2333,2813,2939]" box="[1948,2219,2813,2859]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">
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<heading id="D0DC2572B75AFFE4F837F546F760FD75" box="[1948,2219,2813,2859]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB75AFFE4F837F546F760FD75" ID-CoL="6PPZH" authorityName="W. Bryant" authorityYear="1891" box="[1948,2219,2813,2859]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="29" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB75AFFE4F837F546F760FD75" box="[1948,2219,2813,2859]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">Lepus insularis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B75AFFE4FA10F486F7E3FD27" pageId="29" pageNumber="136" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB75AFFE4FA10F486F6D6FD0C" blockId="29.[1466,2333,2813,2939]" box="[1467,2333,2877,2898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">
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<heading id="D0DC2572B75AFFE4FA10F486F6D6FD0C" box="[1467,2333,2877,2898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB75AFFE4FA10F486F9CCFD0C" bold="true" box="[1467,1543,2877,2898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0528E230B75AFFE4F9BBF486F9B3FD0C" box="[1552,1656,2877,2898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">Lievre noir</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB75AFFE4F927F486F92DFD0C" bold="true" box="[1676,1766,2877,2898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0528E230B75AFFE4F95AF486F878FD0C" box="[1777,1971,2877,2898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">Espiritu-Santo-Hase</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB75AFFE4F862F486F7EFFD0C" bold="true" box="[1993,2084,2877,2898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0528E230B75AFFE4F785F486F6D6FD0C" box="[2094,2333,2877,2898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">Liebre de Espiritu Santo</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB75AFFE4FA10F4DFF7E3FD27" blockId="29.[1466,2333,2813,2939]" box="[1467,2088,2916,2937]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">
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<heading id="D0DC2572B75AFFE4FA10F4DFF7E3FD27" box="[1467,2088,2916,2937]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB75AFFE4FA10F4DFF97AFD27" bold="true" box="[1467,1713,2916,2937]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0528E230B75AFFE4F917F4DFF8EDFD27" box="[1724,1830,2916,2937]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">Black Hare</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="0528E230B75AFFE4F89FF4DFF7E3FD27" box="[1844,2088,2916,2937]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">Espiritu Santo Jackrabbit</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B75AFFE4F7B5F410F5A7FD96" box="[2078,2668,2987,3016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB75AFFE4F7B5F410F5A7FD96" blockId="29.[2078,2673,2987,3410]" box="[2078,2668,2987,3016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB75AFFE4F7B5F410F772FD96" bold="true" box="[2078,2233,2987,3016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB75AFFE4F76FF410F5ACFD96" ID-CoL="6PPZH" authority="W. Bryant, 1891" authorityName="W. Bryant" authorityYear="1891" box="[2244,2663,2987,3016]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="29" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">Lepus insularis W. Bryant, 1891</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B75AFFE4F78BF469F751FA60" pageId="29" pageNumber="136" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB75AFFE4F78BF469F751FA60" blockId="29.[2078,2673,2987,3410]" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">
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<materialsCitation id="3B439843B75AFFE4F78BF469F751FA60" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3805018350" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">“Espiritu Santo Island, [near La Paz], Gulf of California [Baja California del Sur], Mexico.”</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B75AFFE7F7B4F3F2FD1EF79F" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="29" pageNumber="136" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB75AFFE7F7B4F3F2FD1EF79F" blockId="29.[2078,2673,2987,3410]" lastBlockId="30.[91,1301,297,1167]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="29" pageNumber="136">
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It is an insular melanistic allospecies related to
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB75AFFE4F732F3D7F69EFAD3" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" box="[2201,2389,3180,3213]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="29" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californicus">L. californicus</taxonomicName>
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. Its status has been questioned, but a multivariate comparison with
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB75AFFE4F7C2F300F6EDFA82" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" box="[2153,2342,3259,3292]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="29" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californicus">L. californicus</taxonomicName>
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of the adjacent mainland and nearby islands found distinct differences between the two species based on cranial characteristics. Nevertheless, a recent molecular phylogenetic study indicated that
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB75AFFE4F736F2E7F69DFB27" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" box="[2205,2390,3420,3449]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="29" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californicus">L. californicus</taxonomicName>
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was paraphyletic to
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB75AFFE4FA17F2C4F99BFBFE" authorityName="W. Bryant" authorityYear="1891" box="[1468,1616,3455,3488]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="29" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">L. insularis</taxonomicName>
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. All analyses in this study demonstrated that some haplotypes of L. californicus were more closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7FD8CFE92FD70F714" authorityName="W. Bryant" authorityYear="1891" box="[551,699,297,330]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">L. insularis</taxonomicName>
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than to other haplotypes of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7FBFAFE92FAC1F714" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" box="[1105,1290,297,330]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californicus">L. californicus</taxonomicName>
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, suggesting that
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7FEEAFEEFFE12F72F" authorityName="W. Bryant" authorityYear="1891" box="[321,473,340,369]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">L. insularis</taxonomicName>
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might represent an isolated population of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7FBE4FEEFFAC1F72F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" box="[1103,1290,340,369]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californicus">L. californicus</taxonomicName>
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. Nevertheless, the study was based only on mtDNA and a limited sample so results should be regarded with caution. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B759FFE7FFF6FE70FBEAF7B6" box="[93,1057,459,488]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF54C296B759FFE7FFF6FE70FBEAF7B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6625649" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6625649" box="[93,1057,459,488]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6625649/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" targetBox="[1464,2055,2992,3407]" targetPageId="29">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB759FFE7FFF6FE70FBEAF7B6" blockId="30.[91,1301,297,1167]" box="[93,1057,459,488]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB759FFE7FFF6FE70FEC6F7B6" bold="true" box="[93,269,459,488]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Espiritu Santo I in the Gulf of California (NW Mexico).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B759FFE7FFF6FE55FD91F266" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB759FFE7FFF6FE55FD91F266" blockId="30.[91,1301,297,1167]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB759FFE7FFF6FE55FE93F451" bold="true" box="[93,344,494,527]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 570 mm,tail 96 mm, ear 110 mm, hindfoot 121 mm; weight ¢.2-5 kg (all measurements are means from five specimens). The Black Jackrabbit is medium-sized. Top of head, dorsal fur, nape, and top oftail are glossy black. Sides of head are blackish and grizzled with gray. Eye rings are gray. Insides of ears are gray, and outsides are blackish. Shoulders,sides, and hindlegs are dark buff or cinnamon-buff, and color becomes clearer ventrally. Forelegs are similar to sides of body but more rusty or reddish. Tops of toes are dark buff, and black line extends along inner sides of hindfeet from toes to a little above heels. Underside oftail is dull buffy brown, and underside of head is dark iron gray. Rest of under parts varies from dark cinnamon-buff to dusky brown. Dark color of the Black Jackrabbit makes it extraordinarily conspicuous on open or rocky ground, even when motionless. Populations of Black-tailed Jackrabbits (
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7FD9BFC18FD20F59E" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" box="[560,747,931,960]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californicus">L. californicus</taxonomicName>
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) living in the same climate and vegetation on the mainland exhibit no signs of melanism. Isolation of the Black Jackrabbit on Espiritu Santo Island and absence of predators apparently have removed selective pressure favoring cryptic coloration.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B759FFE7FFCBFBFAF660F7E4" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB759FFE7FFCBFBFAF660F7E4" blockId="30.[91,1301,297,1167]" lastBlockId="30.[1366,2576,294,1159]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB759FFE7FFCBFBFAFF04F200" bold="true" box="[96,207,1089,1118]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Open areas on rocky slopes, mesetas (plateaus), dunes, sandy valleys, and beaches. The Black Jackrabbit is most abundant in valleys and on adjoining lower slopes of hills on Espiritu Santo Island from sea level to elevations of ¢.300 m. It inhabits tropical scrub of cactus (Pachycerus,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F804FEE9F7F0F735" box="[1967,2107,338,363]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Stenocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Stenocereus</taxonomicName>
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, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F726FEE9F733F735" box="[2189,2296,338,363]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Opuntia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F698FEE9F60BF735" box="[2355,2496,338,363]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cactaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and shrubs (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7FA66FECEF9FDF7CC" box="[1485,1590,373,402]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Prosopis</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F928FECEF912F7CC" box="[1667,1753,373,402]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Acacia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F890FECEF876F7CC" box="[1851,1981,373,402]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F7B9FECEF742F7CC" box="[2066,2185,373,402]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Ambrosia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ambrosia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F730FECEF6FFF7CC" box="[2203,2356,373,402]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and in dunes with grasses (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F9BAFE26F940F7E4" box="[1553,1675,413,442]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Cenchrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cenchrus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F930FE26F8C5F7E4" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[1691,1806,413,442]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and halophytic plants (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F7C2FE26F6CDF7E4" box="[2153,2310,413,442]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Adenostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Adenostoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F6BDFE26F655F7E4" box="[2326,2462,413,442]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331C195B759FFE7FAF3FE7BF8FCF46C" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94921EB759FFE7FAF3FE7BF8FCF46C" blockId="30.[1366,2576,294,1159]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB759FFE7FAF3FE7BF990F7BF" bold="true" box="[1368,1627,448,481]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The BlackJackrabbit forages on a wide variety of grasses, herbs, and forbs and consumes fleshy parts of short cacti (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F849FE5CF7B9F456" box="[2018,2162,487,520]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Stenocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Stenocereus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F729FE5CF6C5F456" box="[2178,2318,487,520]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cactaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and young stems of shrubs (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F987FDAAF958F46C" box="[1580,1683,529,562]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Prosopis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB759FFE7F909FDAAF8E1F46C" box="[1698,1834,529,562]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331C195B759FFE7FAF2FD8CF9F9F4F7" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94921EB759FFE7FAF2FD8CF9F9F4F7" blockId="30.[1366,2576,294,1159]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB759FFE7FAF2FD8CFA14F406" bold="true" box="[1369,1503,567,600]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
One female Black Jackrabbit collected in November was pregnant with two embryos. Males with scrotal testes were found in September, March, June, and October/November.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331C195B759FFE7FAF3FD16F62CF543" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94921EB759FFE7FAF3FD16F62CF543" blockId="30.[1366,2576,294,1159]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB759FFE7FAF3FD16F98EF490" bold="true" box="[1368,1605,685,718]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Black Jackrabbits are most active during crepuscular hours but are known to be active day and night. They actively feed and constantly move about during crepuscular hours, but they rest in shade of cacti and shrubs during mid-day hours.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331C195B759FFE7FAF1FC9CF770F532" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94921EB759FFE7FAF1FC9CF770F532" blockId="30.[1366,2576,294,1159]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB759FFE7FAF1FC9CF7DCF51A" bold="true" box="[1370,2071,807,836]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
The Black Jackrabbit is usually solitary but may be observed in groups of up to three individuals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331C195B759FFE7FAF0FCCDF7DAF255" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94921EB759FFE7FAF0FCCDF7DAF255" blockId="30.[1366,2576,294,1159]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB759FFE7FAF0FCCDF90BF5CD" bold="true" box="[1371,1728,886,915]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The Black Jackrabbit only occurs on Espiritu Santo Island that is only ¢.95 km?. It is hunted on the island. Population trends are unknown. Major threats include disturbance by humans and competition with domestic livestock.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331C195B759FFE7FAF7FBA7F788F2DF" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94921EB759FFE7FAF7FBA7F788F2DF" blockId="30.[1366,2576,294,1159]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB759FFE7FAF7FBA7FA3FF26F" bold="true" box="[1372,1524,1052,1073]" pageId="30" pageNumber="137">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Bryant (1891), Cervantes, Alvarez-Castafeda et al. (1996), Dixon et al. (1983), Flux (1983), Flux & Angermann (1990), Hall (1981), Hoffmann & Smith (2005), Nelson (1909, 1922), Ramirez-Silva et al. (2010), Romero & Rangel (2008), Thomas & Best (1994b), Townsend (1912).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |