910 lines
95 KiB
XML
910 lines
95 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.584.3.7" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7645693" checkinTime="1676538956149" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Couto, Dayvid R., Gonella, Paulo M. & Costa, Andrea F." docDate="2023" docId="038187FEFFF1FC7EFF33FF7B6DF1FA45" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.584.3.7.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 584 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.584.3.7" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.5:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Stigmatodon enigmaticus D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="212" masterDocId="FFB8FF86FFF3FC7BFFBBFF896935FFE1" masterDocTitle="Stigmatodon enigmaticus (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a new lithophytic species from the Campos Rupestres within the Brazilian Atlantic Forest" masterLastPageNumber="215" masterPageNumber="207" pageNumber="209" updateTime="1676569347459" updateUser="valdenar" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Stigmatodon enigmaticus (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a new lithophytic species from the Campos Rupestres within the Brazilian Atlantic Forest</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Couto, Dayvid R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-9563-8001</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Instituto National da Mata Atlântica (INMA), Av. José Ruschi, 4, 29650 - 000, Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brazil dayvidcouto @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9563 - 8001</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">dayvidcouto@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gonella, Paulo M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-9563-8001</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Instituto National da Mata Atlântica (INMA), Av. José Ruschi, 4, 29650 - 000, Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brazil dayvidcouto @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9563 - 8001 & Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Sete Lagoas, Rodovia MG 424, km 47, Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, 35701 - 970, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">dayvidcouto@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Costa, Andrea F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Botânica, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro, 20949 - 040, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-02-16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>584</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>3</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>207</mods:start>
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<mods:end>215</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.584.3.7</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.584.3.7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7645693</mods:identifier>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1077,242,269]" box="[136,1077,242,269]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
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<heading box="[136,1077,242,269]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName authority="D.R. Couto, Gonella & A.F. Costa" authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,823,242,269]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,429,242,269]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Stigmatodon enigmaticus</emphasis>
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D.R. Couto, Gonella & A.F. Costa
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis box="[834,919,243,268]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[834,919,243,268]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[933,1068,242,269]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionStartId-1="4.[136,229,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,404,1855]" captionTargetBox-1="[152,1433,202,1956]" captionTargetId-0="figure-114@3.[151,1435,386,1855]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@4.[151,1436,190,1958]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Stigmatodon enigmaticus. A. General view of the landscape of campos rupestres and forests at type locality at Serra do Pinh„o, part of Serra do Padre Ângelo (Conselheiro Pena, MG). B. Quartzitic rocky outcrops, habitat of S. enigmaticus. C. Habit of S. enigmaticus. D. Flowering specimen of S. enigmaticus (specimen Couto et al. 6625, paratype). E. Detail of leaves and bracts of the base of the inflorescence. F. Side view of the inflorescence of a cultivated specimen (specimen Gonella et al. 2965, holotype), showing the red bracts and yellow perianth. G. Lateral view of the flower. H. Front view of the flower, showing the position of stamens and stigma. (Photos: A–C, E, G, H by PMG; F by DRC; D by Lucian Medeiros)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Stigmatodon enigmaticus. A. Habit. B. Leaf. C. Peduncle bract. D. Floral bract, adaxial surface. E. Floral bract, abaxial surface. F. Flower. G. Sepal. H. Petals, stamens and appendages at the base. I. Details of basal petal appendages. J. Filament and anther. K. Pistil. Drawing by Joelcio Freitas based on the holotype P.M. Gonella 2965 (MBML)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7645696" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7645698" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7645696/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7645698/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Figures 1–2</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,314,2069]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
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||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,419,314,340]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
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||
<emphasis box="[136,419,314,340]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Stigmatodon enigmaticus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leme & D. R. Couto" baseAuthorityName="Leme" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[565,676,315,341]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vexatus">
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<emphasis box="[565,676,315,341]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">S. vexatus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
by the more numerous leaves (15–25
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||
<emphasis box="[1098,1121,315,340]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">vs</emphasis>
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||
.
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<quantity box="[1135,1233,314,341]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="in" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 in</quantity>
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||
number), distinctly smaller leaf blade (6–8.5 ×
|
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<quantity box="[461,589,350,377]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="cm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.3 cm</quantity>
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<emphasis box="[600,623,351,376]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">vs</emphasis>
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||
. 13–14 ×
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||
<quantity box="[747,880,351,377]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="cm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="2.8">2.8–3.7 cm</quantity>
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), with acuminate apex (
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||
<emphasis box="[1161,1184,351,376]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">vs</emphasis>
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||
. caudate), floral bracts red (
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||
<emphasis box="[191,214,387,412]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">vs</emphasis>
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||
. green), flowers with diurnal anthesis (
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||
<emphasis box="[672,695,387,412]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">vs</emphasis>
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||
. nocturnal), greenish-yellow sepals (
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||
<emphasis box="[1122,1145,387,412]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">vs</emphasis>
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||
. green), yellow petals (
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||
<emphasis box="[1421,1444,387,412]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">vs</emphasis>
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||
. greenish-yellow), and stamens and stigma exceeding the corolla (
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||
<emphasis box="[869,892,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">vs</emphasis>
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||
. shorter than the corolla).
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,314,2069]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,257,459,485]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Type:</emphasis>
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—
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.
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:
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<collectingCounty box="[573,775,458,485]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Conselheiro Pena</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality box="[790,1055,458,487]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Serra do Padre Ângelo</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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„o, campo rupestre,
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<elevation box="[136,228,495,521]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="m" value="1300.0">1,300 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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elevation,
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||
<collectingDate box="[353,489,495,521]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" value="2021-05-02">2 May 2021</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
(flowered in cultivation in
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|
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<collectingDate box="[798,984,494,521]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" value="2021-11">November 2021</collectingDate>
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</date>
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),
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<collectionCode box="[1004,1022,495,520]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="Herbarium">
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<emphasis box="[1004,1022,495,520]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">P</emphasis>
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</materialsCitation>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
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.
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<materialsCitation box="[1025,1051,495,520]" collectingDate="2021-05-02" collectingDateMax="2021-11" collectingDateMin="2021-05-02" collectionCode="M" country="Brazil" county="Conselheiro Pena" elevation="1300" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Serra do Pinh" municipality="Serra do Padre Angelo" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
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<collectionCode box="[1025,1051,495,520]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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2965, D.
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<collectionCode box="[1255,1274,495,520]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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,
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<collectionCode box="[1400,1423,495,521]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation box="[136,260,530,556]" collectionCode="P" country="Brazil" location="Silva" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
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da
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,
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<collectionCode box="[241,260,531,556]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation box="[263,282,531,556]" collectionCode="R" country="Brazil" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Silva" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
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<collectionCode box="[263,282,531,556]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">R</collectionCode>
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.
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<materialsCitation box="[293,468,530,557]" collectionCode="J" country="Brazil" location="Bartholomay" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
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,
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<collectionCode box="[451,468,531,557]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation box="[472,493,531,557]" collectionCode="C" country="Brazil" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Bartholomay" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
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<collectionCode box="[472,493,531,557]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation box="[503,641,530,557]" collectionCode="L" country="Brazil" location="Ribeiro" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
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&
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<collectionCode box="[622,641,531,556]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
|
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.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
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<materialsCitation box="[652,985,530,557]" collectionCode="MBML" country="Brazil" location="Medeiros" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis box="[652,757,530,556]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038187FEFFF1FC7EFF33FF7B6DF1FA45:8EF76033FFF1FC79FD37FD9B6BC0FDCD" box="[652,757,530,556]" country="Brazil" name="Medeiros" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Medeiros</location>
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</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus box="[771,871,530,556]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<collectionCode box="[878,974,531,557]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" name="Museu de Biologia Mello Leitão" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="Herbarium">MBML</collectionCode>
|
||
!)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,314,2069]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,332,566,593]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,323,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Description</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<emphasis box="[360,421,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Plant</emphasis>
|
||
rupicolous, heliophytic,
|
||
<quantity box="[715,852,566,593]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.825" metricValueMax="3.55" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="cm" value="28.25" valueMax="35.5" valueMin="21.0">21–35.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall when flowering, propagating by basal axillary shoots.
|
||
<emphasis box="[222,300,603,628]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
15–25, forming a utriculiform rosette;
|
||
<emphasis box="[741,814,602,628]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">sheath</emphasis>
|
||
ovate to elliptic, 6–8.5 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[1103,1211,602,629]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="cm" value="4.75" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="4.0">4–5.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
, purplish to purplishgreen distally, castaneous at the base, densely lepidote on both sides, chartaceous;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1083,1145,638,664]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">blade</emphasis>
|
||
narrowly triangular,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="cm" value="7.25" valueMax="8.5" valueMin="6.0">6–8.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity box="[240,365,674,701]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="cm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.3 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide at the base, green to dark reddish, densely lepidote on both sides, forming white crossbands on adaxial surface, suberect to spreading-recurved, revolute along the margins (under water stress), apex acuminate.
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,240,746,772]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Peduncle</emphasis>
|
||
suberect or curved at the base, (16-)
|
||
<quantity box="[667,785,746,773]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="cm" value="26.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="23.0">23–30 cm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity box="[863,1001,747,773]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, green, glabrous;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">peduncle bracts</emphasis>
|
||
erect, exceeding the internodes, imbricate, elliptic, apex rounded then acuminate to caudate, 1.7–3 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[1329,1407,783,809]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="cm" value="1.4">1.4 cm</quantity>
|
||
, the lower ones subfoliaceous, green, the upper ones red, lepidote on both sides, more sparsely lepidote near the margins, densely white lepidote near the apex.
|
||
<emphasis box="[575,725,854,880]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Inflorescence</emphasis>
|
||
simple,
|
||
<quantity box="[825,925,855,881]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="cm" value="8.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="4.0">4–12 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, suberect, with apical sterile bracts, 3–7 flowered;
|
||
<emphasis box="[250,357,891,916]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">main axis</emphasis>
|
||
slightly geniculate,
|
||
<quantity box="[583,697,891,917]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.8">2.8–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, green, glabrous, internodes 5–9(-16) mm;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1313,1451,890,916]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">floral bracts</emphasis>
|
||
suborbicular, apex broadly obtuse, 1.7–2.2 × 1.0–
|
||
<quantity box="[691,768,927,953]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="cm" value="1.7">1.7 cm</quantity>
|
||
, ecarinate, secund with the flowers at anthesis, red, exceeded by the sepals, densely lepidote abaxially, adaxially glabrous, coriaceous.
|
||
<emphasis box="[996,1088,962,988]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Flowers</emphasis>
|
||
distichous, secund at anthesis, diurnal, 4.0–
|
||
<quantity box="[280,355,998,1025]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="cm" value="5.5">5.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
long;
|
||
<emphasis box="[427,508,998,1024]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">pedicel</emphasis>
|
||
green,
|
||
<quantity box="[591,726,998,1025]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.85" metricValueMax="7.2" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="5.85" valueMax="7.2" valueMin="4.5">4.5–7.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long;
|
||
<emphasis box="[797,867,998,1024]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">sepals</emphasis>
|
||
elliptic, apex obtuse, 20–23 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[1213,1336,999,1025]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10–11 mm</quantity>
|
||
, greenishyellow, ecarinate, glabrous, coriaceous, free;
|
||
<emphasis box="[642,709,1034,1060]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">petals</emphasis>
|
||
linear-oblong, 3.0–3.5 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[994,1122,1034,1061]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="cm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 cm</quantity>
|
||
, apex rounded to emarginate, suberect with spreading apex, yellow, glabrous, connate at the base to
|
||
<quantity box="[966,1107,1070,1097]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, forming a prevailing tubular corolla;
|
||
<emphasis box="[229,426,1106,1132]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">petal appendages</emphasis>
|
||
6–7.6 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[525,641,1106,1133]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, spatulate, apex rounded, distally free for
|
||
<quantity box="[1111,1249,1106,1133]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="2.85" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1261,1351,1107,1132]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">stamens</emphasis>
|
||
exserted for
|
||
<quantity box="[175,292,1143,1169]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="2.0">2–3.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis box="[303,387,1142,1168]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">anthers</emphasis>
|
||
oblong in outline,
|
||
<quantity box="[599,692,1142,1169]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, obtuse, dorsifixed near the base;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1129,1232,1142,1168]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">filaments</emphasis>
|
||
complanate,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="28.0" valueMax="31.0" valueMin="25.0">25–31 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, pale yellow, adnate to the petals for
|
||
<quantity box="[675,794,1178,1205]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="4.65" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.3">4.3–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
; ovary superior,
|
||
<quantity box="[988,1125,1178,1205]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="4.8" valueMax="5.4" valueMin="4.2">4.2–5.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1201,1252,1178,1204]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">style</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity box="[1262,1385,1178,1205]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="30.0">30–35 mm</quantity>
|
||
long;
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,211,1215,1240]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">stigma</emphasis>
|
||
convolute blade
|
||
<typeStatus box="[405,453,1215,1241]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(the vriseoid
|
||
<typeStatus box="[610,658,1215,1241]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">type</typeStatus>
|
||
II), exceeding the corolla for
|
||
<quantity box="[998,1094,1215,1241]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="8.0">8–9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, green,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1183,1209,1215,1240]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">ca</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity box="[1224,1311,1215,1241]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter.
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,239,1250,1276]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Capsules</emphasis>
|
||
unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,314,2069]" box="[189,1379,1286,1313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,323,1287,1313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Phenology:</emphasis>
|
||
—Colected with flowers in October (
|
||
<emphasis box="[741,810,1287,1312]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
), and in November and December (in cultivation).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="210" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,314,2069]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,488,1322,1349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Distribution and ecology:</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[516,798,1322,1348]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[516,798,1322,1348]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Stigmatodon enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a lithophyte on quartzitic rocky outcrops (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1283,1365,1322,1349]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,404,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-114@3.[151,1435,386,1855]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Stigmatodon enigmaticus. A. General view of the landscape of campos rupestres and forests at type locality at Serra do Pinh„o, part of Serra do Padre Ângelo (Conselheiro Pena, MG). B. Quartzitic rocky outcrops, habitat of S. enigmaticus. C. Habit of S. enigmaticus. D. Flowering specimen of S. enigmaticus (specimen Couto et al. 6625, paratype). E. Detail of leaves and bracts of the base of the inflorescence. F. Side view of the inflorescence of a cultivated specimen (specimen Gonella et al. 2965, holotype), showing the red bracts and yellow perianth. G. Lateral view of the flower. H. Front view of the flower, showing the position of stamens and stigma. (Photos: A–C, E, G, H by PMG; F by DRC; D by Lucian Medeiros)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7645696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7645696/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
) within the Atlantic Forest, in the municipality of Conselheiro Pena, eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[911,1124,1358,1385]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Minas Gerais state</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1136,1208,1358,1384]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
. So far, the species is only known from the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[381,429,1395,1421]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality at Serra do Pinh„o (above
|
||
<quantity box="[826,919,1394,1421]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="m" value="1250.0">1,250 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation), part of Serra do Padre Ângelo (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,404,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-114@3.[151,1435,386,1855]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Stigmatodon enigmaticus. A. General view of the landscape of campos rupestres and forests at type locality at Serra do Pinh„o, part of Serra do Padre Ângelo (Conselheiro Pena, MG). B. Quartzitic rocky outcrops, habitat of S. enigmaticus. C. Habit of S. enigmaticus. D. Flowering specimen of S. enigmaticus (specimen Couto et al. 6625, paratype). E. Detail of leaves and bracts of the base of the inflorescence. F. Side view of the inflorescence of a cultivated specimen (specimen Gonella et al. 2965, holotype), showing the red bracts and yellow perianth. G. Lateral view of the flower. H. Front view of the flower, showing the position of stamens and stigma. (Photos: A–C, E, G, H by PMG; F by DRC; D by Lucian Medeiros)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7645696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7645696/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
). At the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[266,314,1431,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, the species forms a small and sparse population, exposed to full sunlight, growing in crevices or fissures, or directly on bare rock, usually on horizontal or inclined quartzitic rocky outcrops (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1202,1267,1466,1493]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,404,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-114@3.[151,1435,386,1855]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Stigmatodon enigmaticus. A. General view of the landscape of campos rupestres and forests at type locality at Serra do Pinh„o, part of Serra do Padre Ângelo (Conselheiro Pena, MG). B. Quartzitic rocky outcrops, habitat of S. enigmaticus. C. Habit of S. enigmaticus. D. Flowering specimen of S. enigmaticus (specimen Couto et al. 6625, paratype). E. Detail of leaves and bracts of the base of the inflorescence. F. Side view of the inflorescence of a cultivated specimen (specimen Gonella et al. 2965, holotype), showing the red bracts and yellow perianth. G. Lateral view of the flower. H. Front view of the flower, showing the position of stamens and stigma. (Photos: A–C, E, G, H by PMG; F by DRC; D by Lucian Medeiros)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7645696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7645696/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), surrounded by herbaceous and shrubby vegetation (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[542,661,1502,1529]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,404,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-114@3.[151,1435,386,1855]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Stigmatodon enigmaticus. A. General view of the landscape of campos rupestres and forests at type locality at Serra do Pinh„o, part of Serra do Padre Ângelo (Conselheiro Pena, MG). B. Quartzitic rocky outcrops, habitat of S. enigmaticus. C. Habit of S. enigmaticus. D. Flowering specimen of S. enigmaticus (specimen Couto et al. 6625, paratype). E. Detail of leaves and bracts of the base of the inflorescence. F. Side view of the inflorescence of a cultivated specimen (specimen Gonella et al. 2965, holotype), showing the red bracts and yellow perianth. G. Lateral view of the flower. H. Front view of the flower, showing the position of stamens and stigma. (Photos: A–C, E, G, H by PMG; F by DRC; D by Lucian Medeiros)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7645696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7645696/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Fig. 1B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The floral characteristics of this species, i.e., floral bracts red, flowers with diurnal anthesis, yellow petals, and stamens and stigma exceeding the corolla (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1083,1203,1538,1565]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,404,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-114@3.[151,1435,386,1855]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Stigmatodon enigmaticus. A. General view of the landscape of campos rupestres and forests at type locality at Serra do Pinh„o, part of Serra do Padre Ângelo (Conselheiro Pena, MG). B. Quartzitic rocky outcrops, habitat of S. enigmaticus. C. Habit of S. enigmaticus. D. Flowering specimen of S. enigmaticus (specimen Couto et al. 6625, paratype). E. Detail of leaves and bracts of the base of the inflorescence. F. Side view of the inflorescence of a cultivated specimen (specimen Gonella et al. 2965, holotype), showing the red bracts and yellow perianth. G. Lateral view of the flower. H. Front view of the flower, showing the position of stamens and stigma. (Photos: A–C, E, G, H by PMG; F by DRC; D by Lucian Medeiros)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7645696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7645696/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Fig. 1F–H</figureCitation>
|
||
), allows us to suggest that it is possibly pollinated by hummingbirds (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Neves, B. & Kessous, I. M. & Moura, R. L. & Couto, D. R. & Zanella, C. M. & Antonelli, A. & Bacon, C. D. & Salgueiro, F. & Costa, A. F." box="[660,859,1574,1601]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" refId="ref7964" refString="Neves, B., Kessous, I. M., Moura, R. L., Couto, D. R., Zanella, C. M., Antonelli, A., Bacon, C. D., Salgueiro, F. & Costa, A. F. (2020) Pollinators drive floral evolution in an Atlantic Forest genus. AoB PLANTS 12: plaa 046. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aobpla / plaa 046" type="journal volume" year="2020">
|
||
Neves
|
||
<emphasis box="[738,793,1574,1600]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), an unusual characteristic for the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1310,1452,1574,1600]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1310,1452,1574,1600]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Stigmatodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(its species have nocturnal flowers and bat-pollination). This observation raises new and promising perspectives for evolutionary, morphological, and taxonomic studies in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[753,895,1646,1672]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[753,895,1646,1672]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Stigmatodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,314,2069]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,158,365]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="210" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,596,1682,1709]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Preliminary conservation status:</emphasis>
|
||
—Critically Endangered (CR): B2ab(iii).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[1097,1389,1682,1708]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1097,1389,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Stigmatodon enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a microendemic species with an Area of Occupancy (AOO) of
|
||
<quantity box="[813,872,1719,1747]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
², found only in Serra do Pinh„o (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1238,1366,1718,1745]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,404,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-114@3.[151,1435,386,1855]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Stigmatodon enigmaticus. A. General view of the landscape of campos rupestres and forests at type locality at Serra do Pinh„o, part of Serra do Padre Ângelo (Conselheiro Pena, MG). B. Quartzitic rocky outcrops, habitat of S. enigmaticus. C. Habit of S. enigmaticus. D. Flowering specimen of S. enigmaticus (specimen Couto et al. 6625, paratype). E. Detail of leaves and bracts of the base of the inflorescence. F. Side view of the inflorescence of a cultivated specimen (specimen Gonella et al. 2965, holotype), showing the red bracts and yellow perianth. G. Lateral view of the flower. H. Front view of the flower, showing the position of stamens and stigma. (Photos: A–C, E, G, H by PMG; F by DRC; D by Lucian Medeiros)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7645696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7645696/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Fig. 1 A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). While the rock outcrop where it is found is relatively protected from fires by the irregular topography, the surroundings have been severely transformed in the past decades, from the original matrix of Semideciduous Seasonal Forest to pastures for cattle farming. Fires for pasture renovation are regular in the area, as is the active conversion of the few remnants of secondary forest into pastures, with the use of fire, one of such observed during one of the expeditions to the area in
|
||
<date box="[166,325,1898,1925]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" value="2022-10">October 2022</date>
|
||
. Similar criminal fires resulted in a wildfire of great proportions that affected the neighboring Pico do Padre Ângelo in
|
||
<date box="[361,546,1934,1961]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" value="2020-09">September 2020</date>
|
||
, affecting many of its endemics (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Andrino, C. O. & Gonella, P. M." box="[917,1204,1934,1961]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" pagination="137 - 149" refId="ref4857" refString="Andrino, C. O. & Gonella, P. M. (2021) An escape from the Espinhac ¸ o Range: a new species of Paepalanthus subg. Xeractis (Eriocaulaceae) from the campos rupestres of Serra do Padre Angelo, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Plant Ecology and Evolution 154: 137 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.5091 / plecevo. 2021.1770" type="journal article" year="2021">Andrino & Gonella 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kollmann, L. J. C. & Gonella, P. M." pageId="2" pageNumber="209" pagination="69 - 77" refId="ref6575" refString="Kollmann, L. J. C. & Gonella, P. M. (2021) Novelties in Begonia (Begoniaceae) from the campos rupestres of Serra do Padre Angelo, Minas Gerais, Brazil: a new species and a new record. Phytotaxa 510 (1): 69 - 77. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 510.1.7" type="journal article" year="2021">Kollmann & Gonella 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gonella, P. M. & Sano, P. T. & Rivadavia, F. & Fleischmann, A." box="[207,429,1970,1997]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref6048" refString="Gonella, P. M., Sano, P. T., Rivadavia, F. & Fleischmann, A. (2022) A synopsis of the genus Drosera (Droseraceae) in Brazil. Phytotaxa 533 (1): 1 - 76. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 553.1.1" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Gonella
|
||
<emphasis box="[303,360,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The frequent fires in the area facilitated the invasion of the rocky outcrops by alien grass species, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Beauvois (1812: 54)" authorityName="Beauvois" authorityPageNumber="54" authorityYear="1812" box="[317,769,2006,2033]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Melinis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minutiflora">
|
||
<emphasis box="[317,534,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Melinis minutiflora</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beauvois, P." box="[540,769,2006,2033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" refId="ref5284" refString="Beauvois, P. (1812) Essai d'une Nouvelle Agrostographie 54: pl. 11, f. 4." type="book" year="1812">Beauvois (1812: 54)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which can be found on the rocky outcrop that
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[1289,1451,2007,2033]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1289,1451,2007,2033]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">S. enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabits. The area where the species is found is not protected by any sort of Protected Area but should be recognized as a priority for conservation given the exceptional biodiversity and the relevance of the ecosystem services provided by the mountainous relief and native vegetation of Serra do Padre Ângelo, such as water cycle, climate balance, and pollinators, among others. Finally, less than 20 mature individuals could be located in the area, suggesting that the population is relatively small, as is common with microendemic species from the Campos Rupestres (Conceiç„o
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007). Given the aforementioned characteristics and threats, we have preliminarily assessed
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[1251,1417,303,329]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1251,1417,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">S. enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as Critically Endangered based on the categories and criteria of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" box="[821,975,338,364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" refId="ref6296" refString="IUCN (2012) IUCN red list categories and criteria version 3. 1. 2 nd edition. IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Available from: https: // www. iucn. org / content / iucn-red-list-categories-and-criteria-version- 31 (accessed 18 September 2020)" type="url" year="2012">IUCN (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7645696" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7645696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7645696/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" startId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" targetBox="[151,1435,404,1855]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,1452,1882,2085]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,256,1882,1904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[264,510,1883,1904]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[264,510,1883,1904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">Stigmatodon enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[525,548,1882,1903]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">A.</emphasis>
|
||
General view of the landscape of campos rupestres and forests at type locality at Serra do Pinh„o, part of Serra do Padre Ângelo (Conselheiro Pena, MG).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[769,791,1919,1940]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Quartzitic rocky outcrops, habitat of
|
||
<emphasis box="[1160,1308,1919,1940]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[1160,1304,1919,1940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">S. enigmaticus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1315,1338,1918,1940]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Habit of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">S. enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[264,288,1955,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Flowering specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[522,662,1955,1976]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[522,662,1955,1976]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">S. enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(specimen
|
||
<emphasis box="[774,941,1954,1976]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">Couto et al. 6625</emphasis>
|
||
, paratype).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1056,1072,1955,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Detail of leaves and bracts of the base of the inflorescence.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[342,357,1991,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Side view of the inflorescence of a cultivated specimen (specimen
|
||
<emphasis box="[1025,1214,1990,2012]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">Gonella et al. 2965</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype), showing the red bracts and yellow perianth.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[443,468,2026,2048]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">G.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view of the flower.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[739,764,2027,2048]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">H.</emphasis>
|
||
Front view of the flower, showing the position of stamens and stigma. (Photos: A–C, E, G, H by PMG; F by DRC; D by Lucian Medeiros).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7645698" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7645698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7645698/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="211" startId="4.[136,229,1982,2004]" targetBox="[152,1433,202,1956]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1453,1982,2076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,256,1982,2004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[264,510,1982,2004]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="211" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[264,510,1982,2004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">Stigmatodon enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[524,548,1982,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Habit.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[624,646,1982,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Leaf.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[712,736,1982,2004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Peduncle bract.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[903,926,1982,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Floral bract, adaxial surface.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1224,1246,1982,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Floral bract, abaxial surface.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[218,236,2018,2039]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Flower.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[321,346,2018,2040]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">G.</emphasis>
|
||
Sepal.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[418,443,2018,2039]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">H.</emphasis>
|
||
Petals, stamens and appendages at the base.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[875,890,2018,2039]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">I.</emphasis>
|
||
Details of basal petal appendages.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1230,1248,2018,2039]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">J.</emphasis>
|
||
Filament and anther.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,161,2054,2075]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">K.</emphasis>
|
||
Pistil. Drawing by Joelcio Freitas based on the holotype
|
||
<emphasis box="[709,890,2054,2076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">P.M. Gonella 2965</emphasis>
|
||
(MBML).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,328,158,184]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[328,353,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">—</emphasis>
|
||
This new species was discovered in
|
||
<date box="[769,888,158,185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" value="2021-05">May 2021</date>
|
||
, when only sterile specimens were observed, and its vegetative characteristics pointed to
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[586,728,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[586,728,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Stigmatodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, when in flower, its red bracts and yellow sepals and petals, common in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lindley" authorityYear="1843" box="[350,433,231,256]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Vriesea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[350,433,231,256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Vriesea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and so far not reported for
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[744,886,230,256]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[744,886,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Stigmatodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, raised the question of its generic placement. This puzzling combination inspired the epithet, from the Greek
|
||
<emphasis box="[793,889,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">aenigma</emphasis>
|
||
meaning “riddle”, or “enigma”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,709,302,329]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[189,567,302,329]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Additional specimens examined</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus box="[589,700,302,328]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis box="[717,741,302,316]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[717,741,302,316]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">___</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-10-15" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Couto" country="Brazil" county="Conselheiro Pena" elevation="1250" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Serra do Sossego" municipality="Serra do Padre Angelo" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[754,859,302,328]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[875,1035,302,328]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty box="[1052,1257,302,329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Conselheiro Pena</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Serra do Padre Ângelo</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038187FEFFF1FC7EFF33FF7B6DF1FA45:8EF76033FFF6FC7EFF53FEDB689EFE8D" box="[232,427,338,364]" country="Brazil" county="Conselheiro Pena" municipality="Serra do Padre Angelo" name="Serra do Sossego" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Serra do Sossego</location>
|
||
, campo rupestre,
|
||
<quantity box="[623,714,338,365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" unit="m" value="1250.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[623,714,338,365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" unit="m" value="1250.0">1,250 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elevation,
|
||
<date box="[837,1027,338,365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" value="2022-10-15">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[837,1027,338,365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" value="2022-10-15">15 October 2022</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, (fl.),
|
||
<emphasis box="[1094,1142,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
D.
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1122,1142,339,364]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">R</collectionCode>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName box="[1152,1220,339,365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Couto</collectorName>
|
||
6625,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1297,1315,339,364]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1318,1344,339,364]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName box="[1354,1447,338,364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Gonella</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[136,155,375,400]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName box="[168,312,374,400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Medeiros, D</collectorName>
|
||
.
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038187FEFFF1FC7EFF33FF7B6DF1FA45:8EF76033FFF6FC7EFEFFFEFF689CFE71" box="[324,425,374,400]" country="Brazil" name="Cordeiro" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Cordeiro</location>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectionCode box="[465,484,375,400]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[496,620,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<collectorName box="[496,620,374,400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Magalhães</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[640,665,374,400]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">R</collectionCode>
|
||
!);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-05-13" collectionCode="R, P" collectorName="Magalhaes" country="Brazil" elevation="1350" isTailEnumeration="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
|
||
<emphasis box="[693,769,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">ibidem</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[785,879,374,401]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" unit="m" value="1350.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[785,879,374,401]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" unit="m" value="1350.0">1,350 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elevation,
|
||
<date box="[1007,1163,374,401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" value="2022-05-13">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1007,1163,374,401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" value="2022-05-13">13 May 2022</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1176,1194,375,400]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1176,1194,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">P</emphasis>
|
||
</collectionCode>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1197,1223,375,400]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName box="[1236,1326,374,400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Gonella</collectorName>
|
||
3521,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1407,1426,375,400]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1429,1447,375,400]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName box="[136,259,410,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Fernandez</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[270,293,411,437]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName box="[304,391,411,437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Crispin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[402,425,411,437]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode box="[429,450,411,437]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName box="[460,549,411,437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Queiroz</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectionCode box="[585,602,411,437]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode box="[606,627,411,437]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[637,720,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<collectorName box="[637,720,410,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Ribeiro</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[736,833,410,436]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" name="Museu de Biologia Mello Leitão" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="Herbarium">MBML</collectionCode>
|
||
!)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="212" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,353,446,473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
Discussion:
|
||
<emphasis box="[325,353,447,473]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">—</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[353,638,446,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">Stigmatodon enigmaticus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, resembles the small rupicolous species of “
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[1152,1364,446,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1152,1364,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Stigmatodon limae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group” (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[144,243,482,508]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,404,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-114@3.[151,1435,386,1855]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Stigmatodon enigmaticus. A. General view of the landscape of campos rupestres and forests at type locality at Serra do Pinh„o, part of Serra do Padre Ângelo (Conselheiro Pena, MG). B. Quartzitic rocky outcrops, habitat of S. enigmaticus. C. Habit of S. enigmaticus. D. Flowering specimen of S. enigmaticus (specimen Couto et al. 6625, paratype). E. Detail of leaves and bracts of the base of the inflorescence. F. Side view of the inflorescence of a cultivated specimen (specimen Gonella et al. 2965, holotype), showing the red bracts and yellow perianth. G. Lateral view of the flower. H. Front view of the flower, showing the position of stamens and stigma. (Photos: A–C, E, G, H by PMG; F by DRC; D by Lucian Medeiros)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7645696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7645696/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Fig. 1 C</figureCitation>
|
||
), from which it is easily distinguished by its red floral bracts, as well as by the yellow and linear-oblong petals, and the exserted stamens and stigma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
Among the species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[486,577,554,581]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[486,577,554,581]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. limae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, this new species is morphologically most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leme & D. R. Couto" baseAuthorityName="Leme" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[1255,1368,555,581]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vexatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1255,1368,555,581]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. vexatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is endemic to the Pico da Aliança, an emblematic quartzitic mountain distant about
|
||
<quantity box="[1092,1164,590,616]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||
from the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1279,1327,591,617]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,301,627,653]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,301,627,653]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in the neigboring municipality of Alvarenga.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[833,1118,626,652]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[833,1118,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Stigmatodon enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leme & D. R. Couto" baseAuthorityName="Leme" baseAuthorityYear="2016" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vexatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. vexatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its ovate to elliptic leaf sheaths (
|
||
<emphasis box="[633,656,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. broadly ovate), which are purplish to purplish-green toward the apex and castaneous at the base (
|
||
<emphasis box="[441,464,699,724]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. vinaceous brown adaxially), leaf blade with revolute margins (under water stress
|
||
<emphasis box="[1378,1401,699,724]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. flat to involute), peduncle longer (up to
|
||
<quantity box="[538,607,734,761]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis box="[614,637,735,760]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. up to
|
||
<quantity box="[715,788,734,760]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" unit="cm" value="13.0">13 cm</quantity>
|
||
), larger flowers (4.0–
|
||
<quantity box="[1028,1103,734,761]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" unit="cm" value="5.5">5.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1110,1133,735,760]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">vs</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1148,1174,735,760]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">ca</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity box="[1188,1268,734,760]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" unit="cm" value="3.2">3.2 cm</quantity>
|
||
), and obovate to elliptic sepals (
|
||
<emphasis box="[306,329,771,796]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. oblong-elliptic; data on
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leme & D. R. Couto" baseAuthorityName="Leme" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[611,723,771,797]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vexatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[611,723,771,797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. vexatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Leme, E. M. C." box="[792,923,770,797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="137 - 148" refId="ref6738" refString="Leme, E. M. C. (2016) Revision of the lithophytic Vriesea species of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Part VII: a new species from the summit of Pico da Alianca. Journal of the Bromeliad Society 66: 137 - 148." type="journal article" year="2016">Leme 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
For the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[283,496,806,832]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[283,496,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Stigmatodon limae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, three stigma
|
||
<typeStatus box="[740,799,807,833]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">types</typeStatus>
|
||
have been recognized recently (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Leme, E. M. C. & Couto, D. R. & Kollmann, L. J. C. & Fraga, C. N." box="[1224,1440,806,833]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="233 - 249" refId="ref7299" refString="Leme, E. M. C., Couto, D. R., Kollmann, L. J. C. & Fraga, C. N. (2022 a) Novelties in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a genus endemic to Brazil: three new species, one new combination, and two new stigma types. Phytotaxa 576 (3): 233 - 249. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 576.3.1" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Leme
|
||
<emphasis box="[1297,1357,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which are relevant to the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[427,569,842,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[427,569,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Stigmatodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
taxonomy: tubo-laciniate
|
||
<typeStatus box="[867,915,843,869]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">type</typeStatus>
|
||
II, observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Leme 2012: 10) Leme, G. K. Br. & Barfuss" authorityName="Leme, G. K. Br. & Barfuss" baseAuthorityName="Leme" baseAuthorityPageNumber="10" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rosulatulus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1098,1252,842,869]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. rosulatulus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Leme, E. M. C." box="[1268,1443,842,868]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="10 - 19" refId="ref6644" refString="Leme, E. M. C. (2012) Revision of the lithophytic Vriesea species from Minas Gerais and vicinities, Brazil - Part V: two tubo-laciniate stigma-type new species. Journal of the Bromeliad Society 62: 10 - 19." type="journal article" year="2012">Leme 2012: 10</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) Leme, G.K. Br. & Barfuss
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis box="[451,473,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">in</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Barfuss, M. H. J. & Till, W. & Leme, E. M. C. & Pinzon, J. P. & Manzanares, J. M. & Halbritter, H. & Samuel, R. & Brown, G. K." box="[480,739,878,905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="1 - 97" refId="ref5189" refString="Barfuss, M. H. J., Till, W., Leme, E. M. C., Pinzon, J. P., Manzanares, J. M., Halbritter, H., Samuel, R. & Brown, G. K. (2016) Taxonomic revision of Bromeliaceae subfam. Tillandsioideae based on a multi-locus DNA sequence phylogeny and morphology. Phytotaxa 279 (1): 1 - 97. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 279.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Barfuss
|
||
<emphasis box="[574,631,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016: 58
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Leme & D. R. Couto" authorityName="Leme & D. R. Couto" box="[803,1153,878,905]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ilhanus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[803,914,878,905]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. ilhanus</emphasis>
|
||
Leme & D.R. Couto
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis box="[1170,1192,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">in</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Leme, E. M. C. & Couto, D. R. & Kollmann, L. J. C. & Fraga, C. N." box="[1200,1436,878,905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="233 - 249" refId="ref7299" refString="Leme, E. M. C., Couto, D. R., Kollmann, L. J. C. & Fraga, C. N. (2022 a) Novelties in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a genus endemic to Brazil: three new species, one new combination, and two new stigma types. Phytotaxa 576 (3): 233 - 249. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 576.3.1" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Leme
|
||
<emphasis box="[1271,1329,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022a: 7
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); (ii) convolute-blade (the vriseoid
|
||
<typeStatus box="[514,562,915,941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">type</typeStatus>
|
||
II), observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Siqueira & Leme, 2006 a: 377) D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" authorityName="D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" baseAuthorityName="Siqueira & Leme" baseAuthorityPageNumber="377" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="freicanecanus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[749,934,914,941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. freicanecanus</emphasis>
|
||
(Siqueira &
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Leme, E. M. C. & Siqueira-Filho, J. A." box="[1080,1285,914,941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="191 - 381" refId="ref6786" refString="Leme, E. M. C. & Siqueira-Filho, J. A. (2006 a) Taxonomia das bromelias dos fragmentos de mata atlantica de Pernambuco e Alagoas. In: Siqueira Filho, J. A. & Leme, E. M. C. (Eds.) Fragmentos de Mata Atlantica do Nordeste, Biodiversidade, Conservacao e suas Bromelias. Andrea Jakobsson Estudio, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 191 - 381." type="book chapter" year="2006">Leme, 2006a: 377</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) D.R.Couto & A.F.Costa
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis box="[264,286,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">in</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Couto, D. R. & Kessous, I. M. & Neves, B. & Faria, C. G. & Barfuss, M. H. J. & Salgueiro, F. & Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F." box="[292,547,950,977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="347 - 362" refId="ref5664" refString="Couto, D. R., Kessous, I. M., Neves, B., Paix " o-Souza, B., Faria, C. G., Barfuss, M. H. J., Salgueiro, F., Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F. (2022) Molecular phylogenetics and trait evolution in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), an endemic genus to Brazilian rocky outcrops. Systematic Botany 47: 347 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364422 X 16512564801696" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Couto
|
||
<emphasis box="[368,424,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022: 352
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Baker, 1887: 345) D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" authorityName="D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" baseAuthorityName="Baker" baseAuthorityPageNumber="345" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[567,1204,950,977]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oliganthus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[567,712,950,977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. oliganthus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Baker, J. G." box="[727,922,950,977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="344 - 347" refId="ref5165" refString="Baker, J. G. (1887) A synopsis of Tillandsieae. The Journal of Botany 25: 344 - 347." type="journal article" year="1887">Baker, 1887: 345</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) D.R.Couto & A.F.Costa
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis box="[1221,1243,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">in</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Couto, D. R. & Kessous, I. M. & Neves, B. & Faria, C. G. & Barfuss, M. H. J. & Salgueiro, F. & Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F." pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="347 - 362" refId="ref5664" refString="Couto, D. R., Kessous, I. M., Neves, B., Paix " o-Souza, B., Faria, C. G., Barfuss, M. H. J., Salgueiro, F., Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F. (2022) Molecular phylogenetics and trait evolution in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), an endemic genus to Brazilian rocky outcrops. Systematic Botany 47: 347 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364422 X 16512564801696" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Couto
|
||
<emphasis box="[1325,1381,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022: 354
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Leme & Siqueira 2006 b: 406) D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" authorityName="D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" baseAuthorityName="Leme & Siqueira" baseAuthorityPageNumber="406" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[203,1005,986,1013]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vellozicolus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[203,365,986,1013]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. vellozicolus</emphasis>
|
||
(Leme & Siqueira 2006b: 406) D.R.Couto & A.F.Costa
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis box="[1024,1046,987,1012]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">in</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Couto, D. R. & Kessous, I. M. & Neves, B. & Faria, C. G. & Barfuss, M. H. J. & Salgueiro, F. & Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F." box="[1054,1316,986,1013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="347 - 362" refId="ref5664" refString="Couto, D. R., Kessous, I. M., Neves, B., Paix " o-Souza, B., Faria, C. G., Barfuss, M. H. J., Salgueiro, F., Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F. (2022) Molecular phylogenetics and trait evolution in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), an endemic genus to Brazilian rocky outcrops. Systematic Botany 47: 347 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364422 X 16512564801696" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Couto
|
||
<emphasis box="[1131,1189,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022: 354
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leme & D. R. Couto" baseAuthorityName="Leme" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[1338,1451,987,1013]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vexatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1338,1451,987,1013]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. vexatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[186,352,1023,1049]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[186,352,1023,1049]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and (iii) convolute-blade
|
||
<typeStatus box="[663,711,1023,1049]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">type</typeStatus>
|
||
III (stigmadontoid
|
||
<typeStatus box="[938,986,1023,1049]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">type</typeStatus>
|
||
III), observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Leme 2012: 16) D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" authorityName="D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" baseAuthorityName="Leme" baseAuthorityPageNumber="16" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andaraiensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1193,1369,1022,1049]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. andaraiensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Leme, E. M. C." pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="10 - 19" refId="ref6644" refString="Leme, E. M. C. (2012) Revision of the lithophytic Vriesea species from Minas Gerais and vicinities, Brazil - Part V: two tubo-laciniate stigma-type new species. Journal of the Bromeliad Society 62: 10 - 19." type="journal article" year="2012">Leme 2012: 16</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) D.R.Couto & A.F.Costa
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis box="[532,554,1059,1084]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">in</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Couto, D. R. & Kessous, I. M. & Neves, B. & Faria, C. G. & Barfuss, M. H. J. & Salgueiro, F. & Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F." box="[560,813,1058,1085]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="347 - 362" refId="ref5664" refString="Couto, D. R., Kessous, I. M., Neves, B., Paix " o-Souza, B., Faria, C. G., Barfuss, M. H. J., Salgueiro, F., Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F. (2022) Molecular phylogenetics and trait evolution in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), an endemic genus to Brazilian rocky outcrops. Systematic Botany 47: 347 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364422 X 16512564801696" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Couto
|
||
<emphasis box="[635,690,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022: 352
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Leme, D. R. Couto & L. Kollmann" authorityName="Leme, D. R. Couto & L. Kollmann" box="[831,1414,1058,1085]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="itamarajuensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[831,1025,1059,1085]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. itamarajuensis</emphasis>
|
||
Leme, D.R. Couto & L. Kollmann
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis box="[1430,1452,1059,1084]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">in</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Leme, E. M. C. & Couto, D. R. & Kollmann, L. J. C. & Fraga, C. N." box="[136,370,1094,1121]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="233 - 249" refId="ref7299" refString="Leme, E. M. C., Couto, D. R., Kollmann, L. J. C. & Fraga, C. N. (2022 a) Novelties in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a genus endemic to Brazil: three new species, one new combination, and two new stigma types. Phytotaxa 576 (3): 233 - 249. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 576.3.1" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Leme
|
||
<emphasis box="[207,263,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022a: 9
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Smith 1970: 181) D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" authorityName="D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityPageNumber="181" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[391,969,1094,1121]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[391,481,1094,1121]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. limae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, L. B." box="[496,686,1094,1120]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="121 - 183" refId="ref8183" refString="Smith, L. B. (1970) Notes on Bromeliaceae XXXI. Phytologia 20: 121 - 183. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 7116" type="journal article" year="1970">Smith 1970: 181</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) D.R.Couto & A.F.Costa
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis box="[986,1008,1095,1120]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">in</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Couto, D. R. & Kessous, I. M. & Neves, B. & Faria, C. G. & Barfuss, M. H. J. & Salgueiro, F. & Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F." box="[1015,1270,1094,1121]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="347 - 362" refId="ref5664" refString="Couto, D. R., Kessous, I. M., Neves, B., Paix " o-Souza, B., Faria, C. G., Barfuss, M. H. J., Salgueiro, F., Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F. (2022) Molecular phylogenetics and trait evolution in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), an endemic genus to Brazilian rocky outcrops. Systematic Botany 47: 347 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364422 X 16512564801696" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Couto
|
||
<emphasis box="[1090,1147,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022: 354
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Siqueira & Leme 2006 a: 374) D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" authorityName="D. R. Couto & A. F. Costa" baseAuthorityName="Siqueira & Leme" baseAuthorityPageNumber="374" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zonatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1338,1452,1095,1121]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. zonatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Siqueira &
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Leme, E. M. C. & Siqueira-Filho, J. A." box="[274,472,1130,1157]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="191 - 381" refId="ref6786" refString="Leme, E. M. C. & Siqueira-Filho, J. A. (2006 a) Taxonomia das bromelias dos fragmentos de mata atlantica de Pernambuco e Alagoas. In: Siqueira Filho, J. A. & Leme, E. M. C. (Eds.) Fragmentos de Mata Atlantica do Nordeste, Biodiversidade, Conservacao e suas Bromelias. Andrea Jakobsson Estudio, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 191 - 381." type="book chapter" year="2006">Leme 2006a: 374</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) D.R.Couto & A.F.Costa
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis box="[770,792,1131,1156]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">in</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Couto, D. R. & Kessous, I. M. & Neves, B. & Faria, C. G. & Barfuss, M. H. J. & Salgueiro, F. & Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F." box="[799,1054,1130,1157]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="347 - 362" refId="ref5664" refString="Couto, D. R., Kessous, I. M., Neves, B., Paix " o-Souza, B., Faria, C. G., Barfuss, M. H. J., Salgueiro, F., Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F. (2022) Molecular phylogenetics and trait evolution in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), an endemic genus to Brazilian rocky outcrops. Systematic Botany 47: 347 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364422 X 16512564801696" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Couto
|
||
<emphasis box="[874,931,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022: 354
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
The floral features of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[429,590,1167,1193]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[429,590,1167,1193]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, i.e., red bracts and yellow perianth, exserted stamens and stigma, and diurnal anthesis, are unique in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[519,661,1202,1228]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[519,661,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Stigmatodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but common in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lindley" authorityYear="1843" box="[852,935,1203,1228]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Vriesea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[852,935,1203,1228]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Vriesea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Costa, A. F. & Gomes-da-Silva, J. & Wanderley, M. G. L." box="[952,1152,1202,1228]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="338 - 352" refId="ref5599" refString="Costa, A. F., Gomes-da-Silva, J. & Wanderley, M. G. L. (2014) Vriesea (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioidae): taxonomic history, and morphology of the Brazilian lineage. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 141: 338 - 352. https: // doi. org / 10.3159 / TORREY-D- 13 - 00070.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Costa
|
||
<emphasis box="[1026,1084,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Neves, B. & Kessous, I. M. & Moura, R. L. & Couto, D. R. & Zanella, C. M. & Antonelli, A. & Bacon, C. D. & Salgueiro, F. & Costa, A. F." box="[1165,1370,1202,1229]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" refId="ref7964" refString="Neves, B., Kessous, I. M., Moura, R. L., Couto, D. R., Zanella, C. M., Antonelli, A., Bacon, C. D., Salgueiro, F. & Costa, A. F. (2020) Pollinators drive floral evolution in an Atlantic Forest genus. AoB PLANTS 12: plaa 046. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aobpla / plaa 046" type="journal volume" year="2020">
|
||
Neves
|
||
<emphasis box="[1244,1302,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Couto, D. R. & Kessous, I. M. & Neves, B. & Faria, C. G. & Barfuss, M. H. J. & Salgueiro, F. & Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F." pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="347 - 362" refId="ref5664" refString="Couto, D. R., Kessous, I. M., Neves, B., Paix " o-Souza, B., Faria, C. G., Barfuss, M. H. J., Salgueiro, F., Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F. (2022) Molecular phylogenetics and trait evolution in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), an endemic genus to Brazilian rocky outcrops. Systematic Botany 47: 347 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364422 X 16512564801696" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Couto
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,193,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These characteristics, associated with hummingbird pollination syndrome (ornithophily), seem to be the ancestral state among bromeliads, while bat pollination (chiropterophily) originated multiple times in the family as a whole (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Aguillar-Rodriguez, P. A. & Tschapka, M. & Garcia-Franco, J. G. & Escobedo-Sarti, J. & MacSwiney G." box="[218,568,1310,1336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref4740" refString="Aguillar-Rodriguez, P. A., Kr ˆ mer, T., Tschapka, M., Garcia-Franco, J. G., Escobedo-Sarti, J. & MacSwiney G., M. C. (2019) Bat pollination in Bromeliaceae. Plant Ecology & Diversity 12: 1 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17550874.2019.1566409" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Aguillar-Rodríguez
|
||
<emphasis box="[446,501,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), as well as in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lindley" authorityYear="1843" box="[729,812,1311,1336]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Vriesea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[729,812,1311,1336]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Vriesea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kessler, M. & Abrahamczyk, S." box="[827,1041,1310,1336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="592 - 608" refId="ref6352" refString="Kessler, M., Abrahamczyk, S. & Kr ˆ mer, T. (2020) The role of hummingbirds in the evolution and diversification of Bromeliaceae: unsupported claims and untested hypotheses. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 192: 592 - 608. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / botlinnean / boz 100 / 5691160" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Kessler
|
||
<emphasis box="[919,975,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Neves, B. & Kessous, I. M. & Moura, R. L. & Couto, D. R. & Zanella, C. M. & Antonelli, A. & Bacon, C. D. & Salgueiro, F. & Costa, A. F." box="[1051,1250,1310,1337]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" refId="ref7964" refString="Neves, B., Kessous, I. M., Moura, R. L., Couto, D. R., Zanella, C. M., Antonelli, A., Bacon, C. D., Salgueiro, F. & Costa, A. F. (2020) Pollinators drive floral evolution in an Atlantic Forest genus. AoB PLANTS 12: plaa 046. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aobpla / plaa 046" type="journal volume" year="2020">
|
||
Neves
|
||
<emphasis box="[1128,1184,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and is supported as an ancestral state in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[396,626,1346,1372]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis box="[396,538,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Stigmatodon</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Couto, D. R. & Kessous, I. M. & Neves, B. & Faria, C. G. & Barfuss, M. H. J. & Salgueiro, F. & Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F." box="[641,843,1346,1372]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" pagination="347 - 362" refId="ref5664" refString="Couto, D. R., Kessous, I. M., Neves, B., Paix " o-Souza, B., Faria, C. G., Barfuss, M. H. J., Salgueiro, F., Sa-Haiad, B. & Costa, A. F. (2022) Molecular phylogenetics and trait evolution in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), an endemic genus to Brazilian rocky outcrops. Systematic Botany 47: 347 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364422 X 16512564801696" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Couto
|
||
<emphasis box="[719,775,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). All the 33 previously known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1310,1452,1346,1372]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1310,1452,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Stigmatodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
bear chiropterophilous flowers, therefore the floral features of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. R. Couto, Gonella & A. F. Costa" authorityYear="2023" box="[853,1018,1383,1409]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Stigmatodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmaticus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[853,1018,1383,1409]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">S. enigmaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could result from the retention of the ancestral state or a reversion to it, a hypothesis that needs to be tested with molecular phylogeny.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |