458 lines
73 KiB
XML
458 lines
73 KiB
XML
<document id="0AB2FA24220542D58DBC6E23A713F553" ID-DOI="10.12782/specdiv.24.267" ID-ISSN="2189-7301" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5738522" ID-ZooBank="46558195-1F24-4235-A01A-93C3E0D1860F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638229492463" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Tanaka, Masaatsu" docDate="2019" docId="8375F508FF88FF9D2D822AF1FE6E7E9C" docLanguage="en" docName="SpeciesDiversity.24.2.267-273.pdf" docOrigin="Species Diversity 24" docStyle="DocumentStyle:27FECD2C3CD153DA405029F2D33C9514.7:SpeciesDiversity.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="27FECD2C3CD153DA405029F2D33C9514" docStyleName="SpeciesDiversity.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Ikedosoma abemama Tanaka 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="62C80D95-CD71-408E-822A-D1F922FD5988" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="271" masterDocId="7F4C8D70FF88FF992E4D2D73FFFC7F5E" masterDocTitle="Ikedosoma (Annelida: Echiura: Thalassematidae) from the Tropical Pacific, with Description of a New Species" masterLastPageNumber="273" masterPageNumber="267" pageNumber="267" updateTime="1699434131619" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="C27CA46D7BB48F84B7CEFC50F032A62C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4F2502B6D431B43C74F9D30095742102">
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<mods:title id="CF0EBD5070D433E7929271CD54C79869">Ikedosoma (Annelida: Echiura: Thalassematidae) from the Tropical Pacific, with Description of a New Species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4CB5CEDFF04BC44472AE5305947E4F33" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="F7978B1AC2340B0F0189E91A749F5326">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1A939668F605B638FF44BD5290785E3E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F1F4B06E0239AFDB6254596ED0A5BFB8">Tanaka, Masaatsu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C9C79CF67528D9E30141634EC1FD4D70">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="B57578D4F55D2DA01C4CD6C6F665763E">
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<mods:title id="DF0891673E79EBEF759905D6EEE59DA6">Species Diversity</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="BE53D003B7CFD0CCF98AAFA10A37A921">
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<mods:date id="4BCB8F364139BADC2D8917142C67AF07">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="81DEE8F9B69827D94006D37EF9CC02AE">2019-11-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F1AAB878E9957D083042CA75FAE66A83">24</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="97D9190AA38FAB834A23EC491C8FAC61">267</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="36B724D9904978405DC1D0420B4588E6">273</mods:end>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="A94B98032731D1C1A14C9EE14B85C778">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2D12C08B2ADE03E84B42D404F5E71D04" type="DOI">10.12782/specdiv.24.267</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5FABE2FCF6A065F116FB9981E6CFA8F5" type="ISSN">2189-7301</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="57ABD0EBBDE6E943E7E0749FD6AE84CE" type="ZooBank">46558195-1F24-4235-A01A-93C3E0D1860F</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="8375F508FF88FF9D2D822AF1FE6E7E9C" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:62C80D95-CD71-408E-822A-D1F922FD5988" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8375F508FF88FF9D2D822AF1FE6E7E9C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="271" pageId="0" pageNumber="267">
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<subSubSection id="43C61795FF88FF992D822AF1FB4578E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="267" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0B63441EFF88FF992D822AF1FB4578E5" blockId="0.[975,1278,1922,1979]" pageId="0" pageNumber="267">
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<heading id="502BF372FF88FF992D822AF1FB4578E5" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="267" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF88FF992D822AF1FB5178C4" ID-CoL="85RFT" authority="Tanaka, 2019" authorityName="Tanaka" authorityYear="2019" box="[975,1197,1922,1946]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="267" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="abemama" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="39A8980CFF88FF992D822AF1FB5178C4" bold="true" box="[975,1197,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="267">Ikedosoma abemama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="229B2577FF88FF992AFF2AF0FB0278C4" box="[1202,1278,1923,1946]" pageId="0" pageNumber="267" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
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<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF88FF992A542AD0FBAA78E5" box="[1049,1110,1955,1979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[156,187,1716,1738]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,206,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-126@1.[225,1362,205,1677]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187). A, lateral view of the entire body, before dissection; B, dorsal view of the dissected trunk showing musculature (with aid of light box); C, magnified trunk wall showing two longitudinal muscle bands (marked by asterisks) and the continuous oblique muscle layer between them. Scales: A, B, 1cm; C, 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738524/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="267">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF88FF992A2F2AD0FB6778E5" box="[1122,1179,1955,1979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[156,187,950,972]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,206,911]" captionTargetId="figure-540@2.[188,1400,205,912]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Comparison of morphology around the basal proboscis among three species of Ikedosoma (ventral view). Arrowheads indicate mouth position to show lower lip absence (B) or presence (C, D). A, B, Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov., preserved specimen (holotype, NSMT- Ec 187); C, I. elegans, live specimen (non-type, NSMT-Ec 113); D, I. gogoshimense, live specimen (non-type, NSMT-Ec 116). Scales: A, C, D, 1cm; B, 2mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738526/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="267">2A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF88FF992AE82AD0FB4E78E5" box="[1189,1202,1955,1979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="267">3</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="43C61795FF88FF982D032A97FEBA78C5" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="0" pageNumber="267" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="0B63441EFF88FF992D032A97FA6B7743" blockId="0.[820,1432,2020,2077]" pageId="0" pageNumber="267">
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<emphasis id="39A8980CFF88FF992D032A97FBD878A2" bold="true" box="[846,1060,2020,2044]" pageId="0" pageNumber="267">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="BBB44E43FF88FF992A732A97FA6B7743" location="Abatiku" pageId="0" pageNumber="267" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Abemama" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="D467FABCFF88FF992A732A97FB6378A2" box="[1086,1183,2020,2044]" pageId="0" pageNumber="267" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: NSMT-Ec 187, male, intertidal sandy bottom, lagoon side of
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<location id="0E0312C5FF88FF992A9C2576FAD87743" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8375F508FF88FF9D2D822AF1FE6E7E9C:0E0312C5FF88FF992A9C2576FAD87743" box="[1233,1316,2053,2077]" name="Abatiku" pageId="0" pageNumber="267" stateProvince="Abemama">Abatiku</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="C9188AFCFF88FF992B622576FA6B7743" box="[1327,1431,2053,2077]" country="Kiribati" name="Abemama" pageId="0" pageNumber="267">Abemama</collectingRegion>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="5FA31496FF89FF982ED12BC7FC17785F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738524" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5738524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738524/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="268" startId="1.[156,187,1716,1738]" targetBox="[226,1361,206,1676]" targetPageId="1">
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<paragraph id="0B63441EFF89FF982ED12BC7FC17785F" blockId="1.[156,1432,1716,1794]" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">
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Fig. 1.
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<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF89FF982EBD2BC7FE527997" authority="Tanaka, 2019" authorityName="Tanaka" authorityYear="2019" box="[240,430,1716,1737]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="268" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="abemama" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="39A8980CFF89FF982EBD2BC7FE527997" box="[240,430,1716,1737]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">Ikedosoma abemama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="229B2577FF89FF982FF82BC7FE077997" box="[437,507,1716,1737]" pageId="1" pageNumber="268" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(holotype, NSMT-Ec 187). A, lateral view of the entire body, before dissection; B, dorsal view of the dissected trunk showing musculature (with aid of light box); C, magnified trunk wall showing two longitudinal muscle bands (marked by asterisks) and the continuous oblique muscle layer between them. Scales: A, B, 1 cm; C, 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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||
<paragraph id="0B63441EFF89FF982ED12A31FEBA78C5" blockId="1.[156,768,1858,2077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">
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||
<materialsCitation id="BBB44E43FF89FF982ED12A31FEBE78C5" collectingDate="1984-07-26" collectorName="Teruaki Nishikawa" country="Kiribati" latitude="0.38669443" location="Atoll" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="173.78761" pageId="1" pageNumber="268" specimenCount="1">
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||
<location id="0E0312C5FF89FF982ED12A31FF2C7804" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8375F508FF88FF9D2D822AF1FE6E7E9C:0E0312C5FF89FF982ED12A31FF2C7804" box="[156,208,1858,1882]" country="Kiribati" latitude="0.38669443" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="173.78761" name="Atoll" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">Atoll</location>
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||
, the
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<collectingCountry id="73CB048EFF89FF982F4D2A31FE647804" box="[256,408,1858,1882]" name="Kiribati" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">Gilbert Islands</collectingCountry>
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,
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||
<collectingCountry id="73CB048EFF89FF982FEF2A31FE0C7804" box="[418,496,1858,1882]" name="Kiribati" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">Kiribati</collectingCountry>
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||
(approximate geolocation:
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<geoCoordinate id="6EE822D9FF89FF982ED12A11FEE47824" box="[156,280,1889,1914]" degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="268" precision="1" seconds="12.1" value="0.38669443">0°23′12.1″N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="6EE822D9FF89FF982F6B2A11FE447824" box="[294,440,1889,1914]" degrees="173" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="268" precision="1" seconds="15.4" value="173.78761">173°47′15.4″E</geoCoordinate>
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||
), collected by
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<collectorName id="A62921C8FF89FF982C1C2A11FF4678C4" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">Teruaki Nishikawa</collectorName>
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,
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<date id="7F6262DEFF89FF982E892AF0FEBE78C5" box="[196,322,1923,1947]" pageId="1" pageNumber="268" value="1984-07-26">
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<collectingDate id="6F269B36FF89FF982E892AF0FEBE78C5" box="[196,322,1923,1947]" pageId="1" pageNumber="268" value="1984-07-26">26 July 1984</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="43C61795FF89FF982EF82AD0FE9D78A2" pageId="1" pageNumber="268" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="0B63441EFF89FF982EF82AD0FE9D78A2" blockId="1.[156,768,1858,2077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">
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<emphasis id="39A8980CFF89FF982EF82AD0FED978E5" bold="true" box="[181,293,1955,1979]" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A species of
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<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF89FF982F802AD0FDC478E5" authorityName="Bock" authorityYear="1942" box="[461,568,1955,1979]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="268" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="39A8980CFF89FF982F802AD0FDC478E5" box="[461,568,1955,1979]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">Ikedosoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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without proboscis lower lip; more than two pairs of gonoducts present anterior to the ventral setae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="43C61795FF89FF9B2EF82577FC2A7AAA" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="269" pageId="1" pageNumber="268" type="description">
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<paragraph id="0B63441EFF89FF9B2EF82577FEBC796B" blockId="1.[156,768,1858,2077]" lastBlockId="2.[156,767,1109,2077]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="269" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">
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<emphasis id="39A8980CFF89FF982EF82577FEC57742" bold="true" box="[181,313,2052,2076]" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">Description.</emphasis>
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Coloration in life unknown. Trunk and proboscis pale yellow in preservative, probably due to discoloration by Bouin’s fluid (
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<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF89FF982A1D2A11FB637824" box="[1104,1183,1890,1914]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[156,187,1716,1738]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,206,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-126@1.[225,1362,205,1677]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187). A, lateral view of the entire body, before dissection; B, dorsal view of the dissected trunk showing musculature (with aid of light box); C, magnified trunk wall showing two longitudinal muscle bands (marked by asterisks) and the continuous oblique muscle layer between them. Scales: A, B, 1cm; C, 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738524/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
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). TL
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<emphasis id="39A8980CFF89FF982A9A2A10FB087824" box="[1239,1268,1891,1914]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">ca.</emphasis>
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<quantity id="CC24E9FBFF89FF982AB72A11FAB17824" box="[1274,1357,1890,1914]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="268" unit="mm" value="140.0">140 mm</quantity>
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; PL
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<emphasis id="39A8980CFF89FF982B312A10FA647824" box="[1404,1432,1891,1914]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">ca.</emphasis>
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<quantity id="CC24E9FBFF89FF982D792AF0FC8078C4" box="[820,892,1923,1947]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="268" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
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. Proboscis elongate, laterally curled inward, truncated at anterior extremity; dorsal surface covered with minute papillae; lower lip absent, lateral margins not united at base; margin of mouth opening weakly undulated due to shrinkage (
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<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF89FF982DE82576FC0B7743" box="[933,1015,2053,2077]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[156,187,1716,1738]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,206,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-126@1.[225,1362,205,1677]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187). A, lateral view of the entire body, before dissection; B, dorsal view of the dissected trunk showing musculature (with aid of light box); C, magnified trunk wall showing two longitudinal muscle bands (marked by asterisks) and the continuous oblique muscle layer between them. Scales: A, B, 1cm; C, 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738524/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF89FF982A4F2576FBC27743" box="[1026,1086,2053,2077]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[156,187,950,972]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,206,911]" captionTargetId="figure-540@2.[188,1400,205,912]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Comparison of morphology around the basal proboscis among three species of Ikedosoma (ventral view). Arrowheads indicate mouth position to show lower lip absence (B) or presence (C, D). A, B, Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov., preserved specimen (holotype, NSMT- Ec 187); C, I. elegans, live specimen (non-type, NSMT-Ec 113); D, I. gogoshimense, live specimen (non-type, NSMT-Ec 116). Scales: A, C, D, 1cm; B, 2mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738526/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="268">2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Trunk wall thin, uniformly covered with numerous papillae, particularly prominent (up to
|
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<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2ED12904FF457BD0" box="[156,185,1143,1166]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">ca.</emphasis>
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||
400 µm in height) posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2FB22905FDAE7BD0" box="[511,594,1142,1166]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[156,187,1716,1738]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,206,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-126@1.[225,1362,205,1677]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187). A, lateral view of the entire body, before dissection; B, dorsal view of the dissected trunk showing musculature (with aid of light box); C, magnified trunk wall showing two longitudinal muscle bands (marked by asterisks) and the continuous oblique muscle layer between them. Scales: A, B, 1cm; C, 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738524/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2C2D2905FD927BD0" box="[608,622,1142,1166]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Trunk musculature comprising outermost circular, middle longitudinal, and innermost continuous oblique muscle layers. LMB nine, rather inconspicuous dorsally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2C5F29A4FDA27BAE" box="[530,606,1239,1264]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[156,187,1716,1738]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,206,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-126@1.[225,1362,205,1677]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187). A, lateral view of the entire body, before dissection; B, dorsal view of the dissected trunk showing musculature (with aid of light box); C, magnified trunk wall showing two longitudinal muscle bands (marked by asterisks) and the continuous oblique muscle layer between them. Scales: A, B, 1cm; C, 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738524/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Paired ventral setae hook-shaped; no interbasal muscle between setal sacs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2EEE286BFF087A6F" box="[163,244,1304,1329]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gonoducts filled with sperm masses,
|
||
<quantity id="CC24E9FBFF8AFF9B2CC3286AFD387A6E" box="[654,708,1304,1329]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" unit="in" value="11.0">11 in</quantity>
|
||
total, arranged in approximate pairs along ventral nerve cord; in front of ventral setae, two and three gonoducts present on left and right side, respectively; behind ventral setae, three further pairs of gonoducts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2FF528E8FDF47AED" box="[440,520,1435,1459]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). All pairs of gonoducts occupying
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2F4028CFFED67A8D" box="[269,298,1468,1491]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
anterior one-fifth of trunk, with largely consistent longitudinal separation between adjacent pairs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2C9928AFFF44794A" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[156,187,1716,1738]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,206,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-126@1.[225,1362,205,1677]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187). A, lateral view of the entire body, before dissection; B, dorsal view of the dissected trunk showing musculature (with aid of light box); C, magnified trunk wall showing two longitudinal muscle bands (marked by asterisks) and the continuous oblique muscle layer between them. Scales: A, B, 1cm; C, 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738524/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Figs 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2E8A288FFF14794A" box="[199,232,1532,1556]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gonostome proximal, lips elongated and spirally coiled (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2EAB2B6EFEC8796B" box="[230,308,1565,1589]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="5FA31496FF8AFF9B2ED12EC5FEDD7B7E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738526" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5738526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738526/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" startId="2.[156,187,950,972]" targetBox="[189,1399,206,911]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B63441EFF8AFF9B2ED12EC5FEDD7B7E" blockId="2.[156,1432,950,1056]" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">
|
||
Fig. 2. Comparison of morphology around the basal proboscis among three species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8AFF9B2DAC2EC5FBBD7C95" authorityName="Bock" authorityYear="1942" box="[993,1089,950,971]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2DAC2EC5FBBD7C95" box="[993,1089,950,971]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Ikedosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ventral view). Arrowheads indicate mouth position to show lower lip absence (B) or presence (C, D). A, B,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8AFF9B2D682EA1FC1F7CB9" authority="Tanaka, 2019" authorityName="Tanaka" authorityYear="2019" box="[805,995,978,999]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="abemama" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2D682EA1FC1F7CB9" box="[805,995,978,999]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Ikedosoma abemama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="229B2577FF8AFF9B2DA52EA0FBD37CB6" box="[1000,1071,979,1000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, preserved specimen (holotype, NSMT- Ec 187); C,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8AFF9B2F4B2E9CFEA47B5D" baseAuthorityName="Ikeda" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[262,344,1006,1028]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2F4B2E9CFEA47B5D" box="[262,344,1006,1028]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">I. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, live specimen (non-type, NSMT-Ec 113); D,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8AFF9B2CB72E9CFC797B5D" baseAuthorityName="Ikeda" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[762,901,1006,1028]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gogoshimense">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2CB72E9CFC797B5D" box="[762,901,1006,1028]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">I. gogoshimense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, live specimen (non-type, NSMT-Ec 116). Scales: A, C, D, 1 cm; B, 2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B63441EFF8AFF9B2EF82B4EFD477743" blockId="2.[156,767,1109,2077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">
|
||
Alimentary canal long, convoluted, some parts filled with fine white sand not molded into fecal pellets; foregut, intestine, and rectum present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2FE32B0DFE0279C8" box="[430,510,1662,1686]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[156,187,1716,1738]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,206,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-126@1.[225,1362,205,1677]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187). A, lateral view of the entire body, before dissection; B, dorsal view of the dissected trunk showing musculature (with aid of light box); C, magnified trunk wall showing two longitudinal muscle bands (marked by asterisks) and the continuous oblique muscle layer between them. Scales: A, B, 1cm; C, 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738524/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Figs 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2C412B0DFDE679C8" box="[524,538,1662,1686]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Foregut, fastened to ventral trunk wall by strong sheet-like mesentery, almost straight along ventral nerve cord, and divided into pharynx, esophagus, gizzard, and crop (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2F9D2B93FDE379A6" box="[464,543,1760,1784]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Intestine fastened to trunk wall through numerous thread-like mesenteries, and divided into presiphonal, siphonal, and postsiphonal sections; ciliated groove undetectable in presiphonal section but present in postsiphonal section (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2C6B2A11FD9B7824" box="[550,615,1890,1914]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Rectum fastened to trunk wall by several robust mesenteries; rectal caecum absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2F6C2AD0FE9378E5" box="[289,367,1955,1979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Paired simple anal vesicles extending laterally from rectum;
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2FCB2AB7FE5F7885" box="[390,419,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
one-third of TL, basally attached to rectum by several robust mesenteries, entirely covered with numerous microscopic ciliated funnels (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2C292576FD537743" box="[612,687,2053,2077]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B63441EFF8AFF9B2D032926FC2A7AAA" blockId="2.[820,1432,1109,2076]" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">
|
||
Vascular system consisting of dorsal, neurointestinal, ventral, and ring vessels (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2A0A2905FB7B7BD0" box="[1095,1159,1142,1166]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal vessel branched, one branch attached to posterior end of gizzard, the other connected to ring vessel; branches connected by additional narrow vessel between distal end of former and middle part of latter, forming a loop (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2A73298BFB737A4E" box="[1086,1167,1272,1296]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ring vessel incompletely encircling posterior end of crop (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2AEA286BFB0B7A6E" box="[1191,1271,1304,1328]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral vessel running along almost entire length of ventral nerve cord, terminating at posterior end of postsiphonal intestine with mesenteries (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2DF72809FC0A7ACC" box="[954,1014,1402,1426]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Neurointestinal vessel linked to ventral vessel at level of first pair of gonoducts, immediately bifurcating into a large loop, and terminating on each side of ring vessel (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2D3128A8FC367AAA" box="[892,970,1499,1524]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" captionTargetId="figure-137@3.[187,1400,205,1075]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Internal morphology of Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="43C61795FF8AFF9B2D03288FFC5A790B" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B63441EFF8AFF9B2D03288FFC5A790B" blockId="2.[820,1432,1109,2076]" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2D03288FFC39794A" bold="true" box="[846,965,1532,1556]" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name is after the
|
||
<typeStatus id="D467FABCFF8AFF9B2B54288EFAB9794B" box="[1305,1349,1533,1557]" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of the new species,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C9188AFCFF8AFF9B2DB52B6FFB9C796A" box="[1016,1120,1564,1588]" country="Kiribati" name="Abemama" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Abemama</collectingRegion>
|
||
Atoll, and is used as a noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="43C61795FF8AFF9D2D032B2DFD637EDF" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="271" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B63441EFF8AFF9B2D032B2DFC757846" blockId="2.[820,1432,1109,2076]" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2D032B2DFC4D7928" bold="true" box="[846,945,1630,1654]" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species has the following diagnostic characteristics of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8AFF9B2A5D2B0DFB8779C8" authorityName="Bock" authorityYear="1942" box="[1040,1147,1662,1686]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2A5D2B0DFB8779C8" box="[1040,1147,1662,1686]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Ikedosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as redefined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8AFF9B2B7E2B0DFC6679E9" author="Tanaka, M. & Kon, T. & Nishikawa, T." pageId="2" pageNumber="269" pagination="849 - 861" refId="ref5457" refString="Tanaka, M., Kon, T., and Nishikawa, T. 2014. Unraveling a 70 - year-old taxonomic puzzle: redefining the genus Ikedosoma (Annelida: Echiura) on the basis of morphological and molecular analyses. Zoological Science 31: 849 - 861." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Tanaka
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2BCB2B0CFCB279E9" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: (1) regularly thickened longitudinal muscle and continuous oblique muscle layer in the trunk, (2) elongated, spirally coiled gonostomal lips, and (3) absence of a rectal caecum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B63441EFF8AFF9A2D032A52FD727882" blockId="2.[820,1432,1109,2076]" lastBlockId="3.[156,767,1858,2077]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="270" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">
|
||
The diagnostic characteristics of the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8AFF9B2B612A52FA6B7867" authorityName="Bock" authorityYear="1942" box="[1324,1431,1825,1849]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2B612A52FA6B7867" box="[1324,1431,1825,1849]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Ikedosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are summarized in
|
||
<tableCitation id="465E71A5FF8AFF9B2A4A2A32FBA87807" box="[1031,1108,1857,1881]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[156,204,1292,1314]" captionText="Table 1. Summary of diagnostic characteristics of the species of Ikedosoma." pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8AFF9B2A292A32FAC07807" authority="Tanaka, 2019" authorityName="Tanaka" authorityYear="2019" box="[1124,1340,1857,1881]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="abemama" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2A292A32FAC07807" box="[1124,1340,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Ikedosoma abemama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="229B2577FF8AFF9B2B0A2A31FA647807" box="[1351,1432,1858,1881]" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8AFF9B2DF62A10FBE77824" baseAuthorityName="Ikeda" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[955,1051,1890,1914]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2DF62A10FBE77824" box="[955,1051,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">I. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2A612A11FB817824" box="[1068,1149,1890,1914]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[156,187,950,972]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,206,911]" captionTargetId="figure-540@2.[188,1400,205,912]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Comparison of morphology around the basal proboscis among three species of Ikedosoma (ventral view). Arrowheads indicate mouth position to show lower lip absence (B) or presence (C, D). A, B, Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov., preserved specimen (holotype, NSMT- Ec 187); C, I. elegans, live specimen (non-type, NSMT-Ec 113); D, I. gogoshimense, live specimen (non-type, NSMT-Ec 116). Scales: A, C, D, 1cm; B, 2mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738526/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8AFF9B2AF22A10FAA27824" baseAuthorityName="Ikeda" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1215,1374,1890,1914]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gogoshimense">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2AF22A10FAA27824" box="[1215,1374,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">I. gogoshimense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93E7589BFF8AFF9B2B3D2A11FCA878C4" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[156,187,950,972]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,206,911]" captionTargetId="figure-540@2.[188,1400,205,912]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Comparison of morphology around the basal proboscis among three species of Ikedosoma (ventral view). Arrowheads indicate mouth position to show lower lip absence (B) or presence (C, D). A, B, Ikedosoma abemama sp. nov., preserved specimen (holotype, NSMT- Ec 187); C, I. elegans, live specimen (non-type, NSMT-Ec 113); D, I. gogoshimense, live specimen (non-type, NSMT-Ec 116). Scales: A, C, D, 1cm; B, 2mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738526/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
) in the absence of a proboscis lower lip, in contrast to the presence of such in the latter two species [see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8AFF9B2B122AD0FC8D7882" author="Ikeda, I." pageId="2" pageNumber="269" pagination="1 - 87" refId="ref4873" refString="Ikeda, I. 1904. The Gephyrea of Japan. Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University, Tokyo 20: 1 - 87, 4 pls." type="journal article" year="1904">Ikeda (1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 19) for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8AFF9B2DB82AB7FB6F7885" baseAuthorityName="Ikeda" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1013,1171,1987,2011]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gogoshimense">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2DB82AB7FB6F7885" box="[1013,1171,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">I. gogoshimense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8AFF9B2A9C2AB0FAB27882" author="Ikeda, I." box="[1233,1358,1987,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref4904" refString="Ikeda, I. 1907. On three new and remarkable species of echiuroids (Bonellia miyajimai, Thalassema taenioides and T. elegans). Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University, Tokyo 21: 1 - 64, 4 pls." type="journal article" year="1907">Ikeda (1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4) for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8AFF9B2D152A96FC4878A2" baseAuthorityName="Ikeda" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[856,948,2020,2044]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="269" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8AFF9B2D152A96FC4878A2" box="[856,948,2020,2044]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="269">I. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]. In addition, the former is unique in the genus in having at least two pairs of gonoducts in front of the ventral setae, although the precise number of anterior pairs (two or three) could not be determined because it was unclear whether or not the proximate second and third gonoducts on the right side represented a single cluster corresponding to the second gonoduct on the left side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="5FA31496FF8BFF9A2ED12929FEB77B81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738528" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5738528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5738528/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" startId="3.[156,187,1114,1136]" targetBox="[188,1399,206,1074]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B63441EFF8BFF9A2ED12929FEB77B81" blockId="3.[156,1432,1114,1248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
Fig. 3. Internal morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8BFF9A2F9E2929FD6E7B31" authority="Tanaka, 2019" authorityName="Tanaka" authorityYear="2019" box="[467,658,1114,1135]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="abemama" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8BFF9A2F9E2929FD6E7B31" box="[467,658,1114,1135]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Ikedosoma abemama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="229B2577FF8BFF9A2CD72929FD1D7B31" box="[666,737,1114,1135]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(holotype, NSMT-Ec 187), dorsal view. Most mesenteries and gonostomal lips, and appearance of trunk musculature omitted for clarity. A, anterior end of trunk; B, posterior end of trunk. Abbreviations: an, anus; av, anal vesicle; cg, ciliated groove; cr, crop; dv, dorsal vessel; e, esophagus; gd, gonoduct; gl, gonostomal lip; gz, gizzard; i, intestine; m, mesentery; nv, neurointestinal vessel; ph, pharynx; pp, papilla; r, rectum; rv, ring vessel; vnc, ventral nerve cord; vss, ventral setal sac; vv, ventral vessel. Scales: 1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="5FA31496FF8BFF9A2ED1287FFCAA7A7C" box="[156,854,1292,1314]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" startId="3.[156,204,1292,1314]">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B63441EFF8BFF9A2ED1287FFCAA7A7C" blockId="3.[156,854,1292,1314]" box="[156,854,1292,1314]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
Table 1. Summary of diagnostic characteristics of the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8BFF9A2CBF287FFCAE7A7F" authorityName="Bock" authorityYear="1942" box="[754,850,1292,1313]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8BFF9A2CBF287FFCAE7A7F" box="[754,850,1292,1313]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Ikedosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B63441EFF8BFF9A2C5D2833FA8E7853" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<table id="79DCB6BEFF8B00662EE92833FA6C7850" box="[164,1424,1344,1806]" gridcols="8" gridrows="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<tr id="B5EC465CFF8B00662EE92833FA6C7A0D" box="[164,1424,1344,1363]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1">
|
||
<th id="F63D2F20FF8B00662FE22833FCF87A0D" box="[431,772,1344,1363]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Coloration in life</th>
|
||
<th id="F63D2F20FF8B00662DE72833FBB37A0D" box="[938,1103,1344,1363]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Gonoducts</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B5EC465CFF8B00662EE92811FA6C7AEC" box="[164,1424,1378,1458]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<th id="F63D2F20FF8B00662EE92811FEC07AEC" box="[164,316,1378,1458]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Species</th>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662F012811FE637AEC" box="[332,415,1378,1458]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Proboscis lower lip</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662FE22811FDC77AEC" box="[431,571,1378,1458]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Trunk</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662C012811FCF87AEC" box="[588,772,1378,1458]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Proboscis</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662D582811FC697AEC" box="[789,917,1378,1458]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Number of pairs anterior to ventral setae</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662DE72811FBB37AEC" box="[938,1103,1378,1458]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Longitudinal separation between adjacent pairs</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662A2E2811FB2E7AEC" box="[1123,1234,1378,1458]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Region occupied</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662AAE2811FA6C7AEC" box="[1251,1424,1378,1458]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Sources</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B5EC465CFF8B00662EE928BBFA6C794E" box="[164,1424,1480,1552]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<th id="F63D2F20FF8B00662EE928BBFEC0794E" box="[164,316,1480,1552]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8BFF9A2EE928A6FF0B795D" authority="Tanaka, 2019" authorityName="Tanaka" authorityYear="2019" box="[164,254,1493,1539]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="abemama" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8BFF9A2EE928A6FF0B795D" box="[164,254,1493,1539]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Ikedosoma abemama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="229B2577FF8BFF9A2EB12882FEC0795A" box="[252,316,1521,1540]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662F0128BBFE63794E" box="[332,415,1480,1552]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">absent</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662FE228BBFDC7794E" box="[431,571,1480,1552]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">n/a</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662C0128BBFCF8794E" box="[588,772,1480,1552]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">n/a</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662D5828BBFC69794E" box="[789,917,1480,1552]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">2 or 3 (see text)</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662DE728BBFBB3794E" box="[938,1103,1480,1552]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Almost consistent</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662A2E28BBFB2E794E" box="[1123,1234,1480,1552]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Anterior one-third of trunk</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662AAE28BBFA6C794E" box="[1251,1424,1480,1552]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Present study</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B5EC465CFF8B00662EE92B6FFA6C793B" box="[164,1424,1564,1637]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<th id="F63D2F20FF8B00662EE92B6FFEC0793B" box="[164,316,1564,1637]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8BFF9A2EE92B59FEE07963" box="[164,284,1578,1597]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8BFF9A2EE92B59FF027963" box="[164,254,1578,1597]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Ikedosoma</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from Vietnam)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662F012B6FFE63793B" box="[332,415,1564,1637]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">absent</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662FE22B6FFDC7793B" box="[431,571,1564,1637]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Pale pink with dark green spots</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662C012B6FFCF8793B" box="[588,772,1564,1637]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Pale yellow with dark green spots</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662D582B6FFC69793B" box="[789,917,1564,1637]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">3</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662DE72B6FFBB3793B" box="[938,1103,1564,1637]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Almost consistent</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662A2E2B6FFB2E793B" box="[1123,1234,1564,1637]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Anterior one-third of trunk</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662AAE2B6FFA6C793B" box="[1251,1424,1564,1637]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8BFF9A2AB02B6FFA8D7971" author="Marin, I." box="[1277,1393,1564,1583]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" pagination="557 - 566" refId="ref5179" refString="Marin, I. 2014. The first record of an association between a pontoniine shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae: Pontoniinae) and a thalassematid spoon worm (Echiura: Thalassematidae), with the description of a new shrimp species. Zootaxa 3847: 557 - 566." type="journal article" year="2014">Marin (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8BFF9A2AAA2B44FA747914" author="Anker, A. & Komai, T. & Marin, I." box="[1255,1416,1591,1610]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" pagination="441 - 455" refId="ref4315" refString="Anker, A., Komai, T., and Marin, I. 2015. A new echiuran-associated snapping shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the Indo-West Pacific. Zootaxa 3914: 441 - 455." type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Anker
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8BFF9A2B6C2B4BFAB77914" box="[1313,1355,1591,1610]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2015)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Present study
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B5EC465CFF8B00662EE92B02FA6C79E7" box="[164,1424,1649,1721]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<th id="F63D2F20FF8B00662EE92B02FEC079E7" box="[164,316,1649,1721]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8BFF9A2EE92B0DFF2379F2" baseAuthorityName="Ikeda" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[164,254,1662,1708]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8BFF9A2EE92B0DFF2379F2" box="[164,254,1662,1708]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Ikedosoma elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662F012B02FE6379E7" box="[332,415,1649,1721]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">present</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662FE22B02FDC779E7" box="[431,571,1649,1721]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Deep wine red</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662C012B02FCF879E7" box="[588,772,1649,1721]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Yellow to orange, green pigment on distal part of gutter</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662D582B02FC6979E7" box="[789,917,1649,1721]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">0–1</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662DE72B02FBB379E7" box="[938,1103,1649,1721]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Increasing posteriorly</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662A2E2B02FB2E79E7" box="[1123,1234,1649,1721]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Anterior half of trunk</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662AAE2B02FA6C79E7" box="[1251,1424,1649,1721]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8BFF9A2B4D2B02FA9279DA" author="Ikeda, I." box="[1280,1390,1649,1668]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref4904" refString="Ikeda, I. 1907. On three new and remarkable species of echiuroids (Bonellia miyajimai, Thalassema taenioides and T. elegans). Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University, Tokyo 21: 1 - 64, 4 pls." type="journal article" year="1907">Ikeda (1907)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8BFF9A2AAE2BF8FA7079C0" author="Tanaka, M. & Kon, T. & Nishikawa, T." box="[1251,1420,1675,1694]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" pagination="849 - 861" refId="ref5457" refString="Tanaka, M., Kon, T., and Nishikawa, T. 2014. Unraveling a 70 - year-old taxonomic puzzle: redefining the genus Ikedosoma (Annelida: Echiura) on the basis of morphological and molecular analyses. Zoological Science 31: 849 - 861." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Tanaka
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8BFF9A2B682BFFFAB379C0" box="[1317,1359,1675,1694]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Present study
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B5EC465CFF8B00662EE92BB6FA6C7850" box="[164,1424,1733,1806]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<th id="F63D2F20FF8B00662EE92BB6FEC07850" box="[164,316,1733,1806]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8BFF9A2EE92BA1FEE9785E" baseAuthorityName="Ikeda" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[164,277,1746,1792]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gogoshimense">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8BFF9A2EE92BA1FEE9785E" box="[164,277,1746,1792]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Ikedosoma gogoshimense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662F012BB6FE637850" box="[332,415,1733,1806]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">present</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662FE22BB6FDC77850" box="[431,571,1733,1806]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Pale reddish- green with dark green spots</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662C012BB6FCF87850" box="[588,772,1733,1806]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Yellow to orange with dark green spots</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662D582BB6FC697850" box="[789,917,1733,1806]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">0–1</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662DE72BB6FBB37850" box="[938,1103,1733,1806]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Almost consistent</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662A2E2BB6FB2E7850" box="[1123,1234,1733,1806]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">Anterior one-third of trunk</td>
|
||
<td id="F63D2F20FF8B00662AAE2BB6FA6C7850" box="[1251,1424,1733,1806]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8BFF9A2B4D2BB6FA927986" author="Ikeda, I." box="[1280,1390,1733,1752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" pagination="1 - 87" refId="ref4873" refString="Ikeda, I. 1904. The Gephyrea of Japan. Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University, Tokyo 20: 1 - 87, 4 pls." type="journal article" year="1904">Ikeda (1904)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8BFF9A2AAE2BACFA7079AD" author="Tanaka, M. & Kon, T. & Nishikawa, T." box="[1251,1420,1759,1779]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" pagination="849 - 861" refId="ref5457" refString="Tanaka, M., Kon, T., and Nishikawa, T. 2014. Unraveling a 70 - year-old taxonomic puzzle: redefining the genus Ikedosoma (Annelida: Echiura) on the basis of morphological and molecular analyses. Zoological Science 31: 849 - 861." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Tanaka
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8BFF9A2B682B93FAB379AC" box="[1317,1359,1759,1778]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Present study
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B63441EFF8BFF9A2EF82A97FC157742" blockId="3.[156,767,1858,2077]" lastBlockId="3.[820,1432,1858,2077]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">
|
||
The vascular system of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8BFF9A2FFA2A96FDCF78A2" authority="Tanaka, 2019" authorityName="Tanaka" authorityYear="2019" box="[439,563,2020,2044]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="abemama" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8BFF9A2FFA2A96FDCF78A2" box="[439,563,2020,2044]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">I. abemama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="229B2577FF8BFF9A2C722A96FD6D78A2" box="[575,657,2021,2044]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is unique among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8BFF9A2EA02576FE687743" authorityName="Forbes and Goodsir" authorityYear="1841" box="[237,404,2053,2077]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Thalassematidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a branched dorsal vessel [usually simple in other members of the family (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8BFF9A2B092A31FBFD7824" author="Stephen, A. C. & Edmonds, S. J." pageId="3" pageNumber="270" refId="ref5333" refString="Stephen, A. C. and Edmonds, S. J. 1972. The Phyla Sipuncula and Echiura. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, vii + 528 pp." type="book" year="1972">Stephen and Edmonds 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8BFF9A2A402A11FB767824" author="Amor, A." box="[1037,1162,1890,1914]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" pagination="115 - 120" refId="ref4140" refString="Amor, A. 1973. Modelos de sistema vascular en Echiura. Physis, Seccion A 32: 115 - 120." type="journal article" year="1973">Amor 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)]. Because some intraspecific variations in blood vessel architecture have been reported (
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8BFF9A2DC02AD7FC5278E5" box="[909,942,1956,1979]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8BFF9A2DF22AD7FBA878E5" author="Jameson, H. L." box="[959,1108,1955,1979]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" pagination="535 - 566" refId="ref5015" refString="Jameson, H. L. 1899. Contributions to the anatomy and histology of Thalassema neptuni Gaertner. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Anatomie und Ontogenie der Tiere 12: 535 - 566, pls 28 - 30." type="journal article" year="1899">Jameson 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8BFF9A2A292AD0FA6878E5" author="Tanaka, M. & Nishikawa, T." box="[1124,1428,1955,1979]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" pagination="13 - 21" refId="ref5411" refString="Tanaka, M. and Nishikawa, T. 2013. A new species of the genus Arhynchite (Annelida, Echiura) from sandy flats of Japan, previously referred to as Thalassema owstoni Ikeda, 1904. ZooKeys 312: 13 - 21." type="journal article" year="2013">Tanaka and Nishikawa 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8BFF9A2D792AB7FC0B7882" author="Tanaka, M. & Kon, T. & Nishikawa, T." box="[820,1015,1988,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" pagination="849 - 861" refId="ref5457" refString="Tanaka, M., Kon, T., and Nishikawa, T. 2014. Unraveling a 70 - year-old taxonomic puzzle: redefining the genus Ikedosoma (Annelida: Echiura) on the basis of morphological and molecular analyses. Zoological Science 31: 849 - 861." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Tanaka
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8BFF9A2DCA2AB7FC477882" box="[903,955,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), more material is needed to determine whether or not the branched dorsal vessel is typical in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8BFF9A2BC42A96FC6A7743" authority="Tanaka, 2019" authorityName="Tanaka" authorityYear="2019" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="abemama" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8BFF9A2BC42A96FC6A7743" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="270">I. abemama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="229B2577FF8BFF9A2DD12576FC157742" box="[924,1001,2053,2076]" pageId="3" pageNumber="270" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B63441EFF8CFF9D2EF82DB5FD637EDF" blockId="4.[156,767,198,450]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">
|
||
Previously only two species of Echiura have been recorded from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="73CB048EFF8CFF9D2F1F2D94FE127FA1" box="[338,494,231,255]" name="Kiribati" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Gilbert Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8CFF9D2FB72D94FE597E41" authority="Fisher, 1953" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1953" class="Polychaeta" family="Bonelliidae" genus="Achaetobonellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="maculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8CFF9D2FB72D94FD037FA1" box="[506,767,231,255]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Achaetobonellia maculata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8CFF9D2ED12C74FEE57E41" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[156,281,263,287]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" pagination="258 - 259" refId="ref4774" refString="Fisher, W. K. 1953. A new genus of bonelliid worms (Echiuroidea). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 43: 258 - 259." type="journal article" year="1953">Fisher, 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Bonelliidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C9188AFCFF8CFF9D2FA42C7BFDCA7E7E" box="[489,566,264,288]" country="Kiribati" name="Onotoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Onotoa</collectingRegion>
|
||
Atoll and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8CFF9D2CE52C74FE4C7E1E" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ochetostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8CFF9D2CE52C74FF337E1E" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Ochetostoma</emphasis>
|
||
sp. (Thalassematidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C9188AFCFF8CFF9D2FA22C5BFDBB7E1E" box="[495,583,296,320]" country="Kiribati" name="Aranuka" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Aranuka</collectingRegion>
|
||
Atoll (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8CFF9D2CC12C5BFD007E1E" author="Bock, S." box="[652,764,296,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref4524" refString="Bock, S. 1942. On the structure and affinities of " Thalassema " lankesteri Herdman and the classification of the group Echiuroidea. Gotebrogs Kunglica Vetenskaps-och Vitterhets-Samhalles Handlingar, Sjatte Foljden, Serien B 2: 1 - 94, 6 pls." type="journal article" year="1942">Bock 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F4D39EFFF8CFF9D2ED12C3BFEEB7E3E" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[156,279,328,352]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" pagination="258 - 259" refId="ref4774" refString="Fisher, W. K. 1953. A new genus of bonelliid worms (Echiuroidea). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 43: 258 - 259." type="journal article" year="1953">Fisher 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Thus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCDC3F9DFF8CFF9D2F2A2C3BFDC07E3E" authority="Tanaka, 2019" authorityName="Tanaka" authorityYear="2019" box="[359,572,328,352]" class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Ikedosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="abemama" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8CFF9D2F2A2C3BFDC07E3E" box="[359,572,328,352]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Ikedosoma abemama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="229B2577FF8CFF9D2C0E2C3AFD6D7E3E" box="[579,657,329,352]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
represents the third echiuran species known from that region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="43C61795FF8CFF9D2EF82CFAFE6E7E9C" pageId="4" pageNumber="271" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B63441EFF8CFF9D2EF82CFAFE6E7E9C" blockId="4.[156,767,198,450]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">
|
||
<emphasis id="39A8980CFF8CFF9D2EF82CFAFEBD7EFF" bold="true" box="[181,321,393,417]" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C9188AFCFF8CFF9D2C6A2CFAFD737EFF" box="[551,655,393,417]" country="Kiribati" name="Abemama" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Abemama</collectingRegion>
|
||
Atoll, the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="73CB048EFF8CFF9D2ED12CD9FECF7E9C" box="[156,307,426,450]" name="Kiribati" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Gilbert Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="73CB048EFF8CFF9D2F702CD9FE727E9C" box="[317,398,426,450]" name="Kiribati" pageId="4" pageNumber="271">Kiribati</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |