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<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFF4DFF6E2F78A3A0" bold="true" box="[151,381,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Bittacus flavescens</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="30972A47FFB6285FFF45FF432EFFA3C2" box="[159,250,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1896,1918]" captionTargetBox="[153,1428,208,1870]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,195,1871]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bittacus adult habitus images. a) B. angrensis; b) B. brasiliensis, lectotype; c) B. flavescens, holotype; d) B. geniculatus, holotype. Scale bars = 1 mm. Type specimen photos provided by Michael Ohl (ZMHB)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611649/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Figs. 1c</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="30972A47FFB6285FFEDDFF432F1AA3C2" box="[263,287,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1933,1955]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,428,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,428,1867]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Brazilian Bittacus male epandria, dorsal view. a) B. angrensis; b) B. aripuanensis; c) B. blancheti; d) B. boraceiensis; e) B. brasiliensis; f) B. cruzi sp. n.; g) B. diversinervis; h) B. femoralis; i) B. ferreirai sp. n.; j) B. flavescens; k) B. froehlichi; l) B. genicutalus; m) B. latreillei; n) B. maculosus; o) B. omega; p) B. pintoi; q) B. varzeanus sp. n." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611665/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">8j</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="30972A47FFB6285FFEF1FF422F51A3C2" box="[299,340,187,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,203,1473]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1435,193,1473]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 12. Distribution records of Bittacus species in Brazil. a) B. angrensis, B. aripuanensis, B. blancheti, B. brasiliensis, B. brunipennis; b) B. boraceiensis, B. cruzi sp. n., B. diversinervis, B. femoralis; c) B. ferreirai sp. n., B. flavescens, B. froehlichi, B. latreillei; d) B. maculosus, B. omega, B. pintoi, B. varzeanus sp. n. Bittacus geniculatus is not represented because of its imprecise location." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611679/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">12c</figureCitation>
)
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<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFF4DFEFA2F5BA209" box="[151,350,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Bittacus flavescens</emphasis>
:
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:99
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFDC7FEFB2D06A209" author="Esben-Petersen, P." box="[541,771,258,280]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="1 - 172" refId="ref15131" refString="Esben-Petersen, P. (1921) Mecoptera. Monographic revision. In: Collections Zoologiquesdu Baron Edmond de Selys Longchamps. Catalogue Systematique et Descriptif. Fasc. 5. Hayez, Bruxelles, pp. 1 - 172." type="book chapter" year="1921">Esben-Petersen, 1921</bibRefCitation>
:151
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; Souza-Lopes &amp;
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<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFC2AFEFB2AB7A209" author="Souza Lopes, H. de &amp; Mangabeira, O." box="[1008,1202,258,280]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="331 - 341" refId="ref16198" refString="Souza Lopes, H. de &amp; Mangabeira, O. (1942) Sobre algumas especies brasileiras do genero Bittacus Latr., 1807, com a descricao de tres especies novas (Panorpatae, Bittacidae). Revista brasileira de Biologia, 2, 331 - 341." type="journal article" year="1942">Mangabeira, 1942</bibRefCitation>
:335
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;
<treatmentCitation id="290D10D3FFB6285FFB35FEFA2F33A226" author="Penny, N. D. &amp; Byers, G. W." page="368" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFB35FEFA2F0EA226" author="Penny, N. D. &amp; Byers, G. W." pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="365 - 388" refId="ref16022" refString="Penny, N. D. &amp; Byers, G. W. (1979 b) A check-list of the Mecoptera of the world. Acta Amazonica, 9 (2), 365 - 388. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1809 - 43921979092365" type="journal article" year="1979">Penny &amp; Byers, 1979b</bibRefCitation>
:368
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;
<treatmentCitation id="290D10D3FFB6285FFE9AFED82C3FA226" author="Machado, R. J. P. &amp; Godoi, F. S. P. &amp; Rafael, J. A." box="[320,570,289,311]" page="36" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFE9AFED82C19A226" author="Machado, R. J. P. &amp; Godoi, F. S. P. &amp; Rafael, J. A." box="[320,540,289,311]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="27 - 38" refId="ref15417" refString="Machado, R. J. P., Godoi, F. S. P. &amp; Rafael, J. A. (2009) Neotropical Mecoptera (Insecta): new generic synonymies, new combinations, key to families and genera, and checklist of species. Zootaxa, 2148, 27 - 38." type="journal article" year="2009">
Machado
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFE7FFEDB2FDAA226" box="[421,479,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">et al.,</emphasis>
2009
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:36
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;
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFD9EFED82CE0A226" author="Machado, R. J. P." box="[580,741,289,311]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" refId="ref15372" refString="Machado, R. J. P. (2018) Bittacidae. Catalogo Taxonomico da Fauna do Brasil. PNUD. Available from: http: // fauna. jbrj. gov. br / fauna / faunadobrasil (accessed 20 February 2018)" type="url" year="2018">Machado, 2018</bibRefCitation>
.
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<taxonomicName id="6FAC4D41FFB6285FFF4DFEB92C06A247" authority=": Navas, 1926: 13" authorityName="Navas" authorityPageNumber="13" authorityYear="1926" box="[151,515,320,342]" class="Insecta" genus="Klugius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFF4DFEB92F51A247" box="[151,340,320,342]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Klugius flavescens</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="290D10D3FFB6285FFEBBFEB92C06A247" author="Navas, L." box="[353,515,320,342]" page="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" year="1926">
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFEBBFEB92FE3A247" author="Navas, L." box="[353,486,320,342]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="5 - 15" refId="ref15647" refString="Navas, L. (1926) Algunos insectos del Brasil. (3 a serie). Broteria, Zoologica, 23, 5 - 15." type="journal article" year="1926">Navás, 1926</bibRefCitation>
:13
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.
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<taxonomicName id="6FAC4D41FFB6285FFF4DFEA72C40A265" authority=": Willmann, 1983: 51" authorityName="Willmann" authorityPageNumber="51" authorityYear="1983" box="[151,581,350,372]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Thyridates" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFF4DFEA72F74A265" box="[151,369,350,372]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Thyridates flavescens</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="290D10D3FFB6285FFEA5FEA72C40A265" author="Willmann, R." box="[383,581,350,372]" page="51" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFEA5FEA72C2DA265" author="Willmann, R." box="[383,552,350,372]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="47 - 65" refId="ref16394" refString="Willmann, R. (1983) Die phylogenetischen Beziehungen unter den sudamerikanischen Bittacidae (Insecta: Mecoptera). Zoologische Beitrage Neue Folge, 28, 47 - 65." type="journal article" year="1983">Willmann, 1983</bibRefCitation>
:51
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</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="290D10D3FFB6285FFD8AFEA72D77A265" author="Collucci, E. &amp; Amorim, D. S." box="[592,882,350,372]" page="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFD8AFEA72D67A265" author="Collucci, E. &amp; Amorim, D. S." box="[592,866,350,372]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref14802" refString="Collucci, E. &amp; Amorim, D. S. (2000) Three new species of Thyridates Navas, 1908 (Mecoptera, Bittacidae) from Brazil, with new combinations and some comments about phylogenetic relationships within the genus. Contribuicoes Avulsas Sobre a Historia Natural do Brasil, Serie Zoologia, 21, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="2000">Collucci &amp; Amorim, 2000</bibRefCitation>
:7
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.
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFF4DFE872F2AA282" box="[151,303,381,403]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Bittacus affinis</emphasis>
:
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:194
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;
<treatmentCitation id="290D10D3FFB6285FFDFBFE842D2CA282" author="Esben-Petersen, P." box="[545,809,381,403]" page="151" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" year="1921">
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFDFBFE842CFAA282" author="Esben-Petersen, P." box="[545,767,381,403]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="1 - 172" refId="ref15131" refString="Esben-Petersen, P. (1921) Mecoptera. Monographic revision. In: Collections Zoologiquesdu Baron Edmond de Selys Longchamps. Catalogue Systematique et Descriptif. Fasc. 5. Hayez, Bruxelles, pp. 1 - 172." type="book chapter" year="1921">Esben-Petersen, 1921</bibRefCitation>
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synonymized.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E0B66549FFB6285FFF4DFE462D26A131" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A81336C2FFB6285FFF4DFE462D26A131" blockId="15.[151,1437,447,1013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">
<typeStatus id="77178860FFB6285FFF4DFE462F01A2C9" box="[151,260,447,472]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFECBFE382FF1A2C9" box="[273,500,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">
<taxonomicName id="6FAC4D41FFB6285FFECBFE382FEBA2C9" authorityName=": Klug" authorityYear="1838" box="[273,494,447,472]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">Bittacus flavescens</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
male: ZMHB (high resolution images examined);
<taxonomicName id="6FAC4D41FFB6285FFB9FFE382AF7A2C9" authorityName=": Westwood" authorityYear="1846" box="[1093,1266,448,472]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFB9FFE382AF7A2C9" box="[1093,1266,448,472]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Bittacus affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sex unknown: NHM (not examined). Species also known from
<collectingRegion id="6A68F820FFB6285FFD1AFE1D2D01A2EC" box="[704,772,484,509]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Bahia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="6A68F820FFB6285FFCCAFE1D2DB1A2ED" box="[784,948,484,509]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="6A68F820FFB6285FFC1AFE1D2A5FA2EC" box="[960,1114,484,509]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="6A68F820FFB6285FFBBCFE1D2B08A2EC" box="[1126,1293,484,509]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="6A68F820FFB6285FFAC3FE1D2EE7A131" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="6A68F820FFB6285FFF37FDF12F94A131" box="[237,401,519,544]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
(new record),
<collectingRegion id="6A68F820FFB6285FFDECFDF12CA2A131" box="[566,679,519,544]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="30972A47FFB6285FFD6CFDFE2D12A131" box="[694,791,519,544]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,203,1473]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1435,193,1473]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 12. Distribution records of Bittacus species in Brazil. a) B. angrensis, B. aripuanensis, B. blancheti, B. brasiliensis, B. brunipennis; b) B. boraceiensis, B. cruzi sp. n., B. diversinervis, B. femoralis; c) B. ferreirai sp. n., B. flavescens, B. froehlichi, B. latreillei; d) B. maculosus, B. omega, B. pintoi, B. varzeanus sp. n. Bittacus geniculatus is not represented because of its imprecise location." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611679/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Fig. 12c</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E0B66549FFB6285FFF1DFDD42B6FA099" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="A81336C2FFB6285FFF1DFDD42B6FA099" blockId="15.[151,1437,447,1013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">
<taxonomicName id="6FAC4D41FFB6285FFF1DFDD42F9AA154" ID-CoL="LXRT" authorityName=": Klug" authorityYear="1838" box="[199,415,556,581]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFF1DFDD42F9AA154" box="[199,415,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Bittacus flavescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be restricted to the region of the Atlantic rain forest in
<collectingCountry id="D0BB7652FFB6285FFB49FDD52ADFA154" box="[1171,1242,556,581]" name="Brazil" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, but with a wide distribution within this area (
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFE02FDA92D56A179" author="Souza Lopes, H. de &amp; Mangabeira, O." box="[472,851,591,616]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="331 - 341" refId="ref16198" refString="Souza Lopes, H. de &amp; Mangabeira, O. (1942) Sobre algumas especies brasileiras do genero Bittacus Latr., 1807, com a descricao de tres especies novas (Panorpatae, Bittacidae). Revista brasileira de Biologia, 2, 331 - 341." type="journal article" year="1942">Souza Lopes &amp; Mangabeira 1942</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFC84FDA92DE4A179" author="Byers, G. W." box="[862,993,592,616]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="137 - 142" refId="ref14716" refString="Byers, G. W. (2004) A collection of Mecoptera from Latin America. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 77 (2), 137 - 142. https: // doi. org / 10.2317 / 0309.06.1" type="journal article" year="2004">Byers 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFC36FDB62AD0A179" author="Machado, R. J. P. &amp; Godoi, F. S. P. &amp; Rafael, J. A." box="[1004,1237,591,616]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="27 - 38" refId="ref15417" refString="Machado, R. J. P., Godoi, F. S. P. &amp; Rafael, J. A. (2009) Neotropical Mecoptera (Insecta): new generic synonymies, new combinations, key to families and genera, and checklist of species. Zootaxa, 2148, 27 - 38." type="journal article" year="2009">
Machado
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFB81FDA82A97A179" box="[1115,1170,591,616]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
). The species was the only one in
<collectingCountry id="D0BB7652FFB6285FFE94FD8D2F97A19C" box="[334,402,628,653]" name="Brazil" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Brazil</collectingCountry>
to have a synonym,
<taxonomicName id="6FAC4D41FFB6285FFD5CFD8C2CE8A19D" authorityName=": Westwood" authorityYear="1846" box="[646,749,628,652]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFD5CFD8C2CE8A19D" box="[646,749,628,652]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">B. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described based on one specimen with a label only stating
<collectingCountry id="D0BB7652FFB6285FFF4DFD6E2EDAA1A1" box="[151,223,663,688]" name="Brazil" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFF36FD6E2F95A1A1" author="Walker, F." box="[236,400,663,688]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="193 - 476" refId="ref16248" refString="Walker, F. (1853) List of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II. Sialides- Nemopterides. British Museum, London, 284 pp. [pp. 193 - 476]" type="book chapter" year="1853">Walker (1853)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned another specimen of
<taxonomicName id="6FAC4D41FFB6285FFCD1FD602D77A1A1" authorityName=": Westwood" authorityYear="1846" box="[779,882,664,688]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFCD1FD602D77A1A1" box="[779,882,664,688]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">B. affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the NHM from
<collectingRegion id="6A68F820FFB6285FFB88FD612A81A1A1" box="[1106,1156,664,688]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Pará</collectingRegion>
state; however, it might have been the result of a misidentification based on the current distribution of
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFBDEFD442A9AA1C4" box="[1028,1183,700,725]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">
<taxonomicName id="6FAC4D41FFB6285FFBDEFD442A9EA1C4" ID-CoL="LXRT" authorityName=": Klug" authorityYear="1838" box="[1028,1179,700,725]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">B. flavescens</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Unfortunately, neither specimen was examined during the current study. Another dubious record for
<taxonomicName id="6FAC4D41FFB6285FFBC8FD182AA3A1E9" ID-CoL="LXRT" authorityName=": Klug" authorityYear="1838" box="[1042,1190,735,760]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFBC8FD182AA3A1E9" box="[1042,1190,735,760]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">B. flavescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was given by Esben-
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFF4DFCFC2F4EA00D" author="Esben-Petersen, P." box="[151,331,772,796]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="1 - 172" refId="ref15131" refString="Esben-Petersen, P. (1921) Mecoptera. Monographic revision. In: Collections Zoologiquesdu Baron Edmond de Selys Longchamps. Catalogue Systematique et Descriptif. Fasc. 5. Hayez, Bruxelles, pp. 1 - 172." type="book chapter" year="1921">Petersen (1921)</bibRefCitation>
, one specimen with the abdomen broken, from Puerto Cabello (
<collectingCountry id="D0BB7652FFB6285FFBC4FCFD2A9DA00C" box="[1054,1176,772,797]" name="Venezuela" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
).
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFB71FCFD2B46A00C" author="Navas, L." box="[1195,1347,772,797]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="5 - 15" refId="ref15647" refString="Navas, L. (1926) Algunos insectos del Brasil. (3 a serie). Broteria, Zoologica, 23, 5 - 15." type="journal article" year="1926">Navás (1926)</bibRefCitation>
erected the genus
<taxonomicName id="6FAC4D41FFB6285FFEDDFCDE2F5BA051" authorityName="Navas (Navas" authorityYear="1926" box="[263,350,807,832]" class="Insecta" genus="Klugius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFEDDFCDE2F5BA051" box="[263,350,807,832]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Klugius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and defined
<taxonomicName id="6FAC4D41FFB6285FFE34FCD02C85A051" ID-CoL="LXRT" authorityName=": Klug" authorityYear="1838" box="[494,640,807,832]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFE34FCD02C85A051" box="[494,640,807,832]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">B. flavescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the
<typeStatus id="77178860FFB6285FFD17FCD12CF8A051" box="[717,765,808,832]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">type</typeStatus>
species. However, the genus was based on a weak character (pterostigma broad basally and thin apically) and therefore,
<taxonomicName id="6FAC4D41FFB6285FFC87FCB52DB1A074" authorityName="Navas (Navas" authorityYear="1926" box="[861,948,844,869]" class="Insecta" genus="Klugius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFC87FCB52DB1A074" box="[861,948,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Klugius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was always considered as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="6FAC4D41FFB6285FFF4DFC882EF6A099" ID-CoL="62FQ2" box="[151,243,881,904]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFF4DFC882EF6A099" box="[151,243,881,904]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Bittacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by subsequent authors (
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFDDBFC892D7AA099" author="Souza Lopes, H. de &amp; Mangabeira, O." box="[513,895,879,904]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="331 - 341" refId="ref16198" refString="Souza Lopes, H. de &amp; Mangabeira, O. (1942) Sobre algumas especies brasileiras do genero Bittacus Latr., 1807, com a descricao de tres especies novas (Panorpatae, Bittacidae). Revista brasileira de Biologia, 2, 331 - 341." type="journal article" year="1942">Souza Lopes &amp; Mangabeira 1942</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFC50FC892A86A099" author="Penny, N. D. &amp; Byers, G. W." box="[906,1155,880,904]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="363 - 364" refId="ref15961" refString="Penny, N. D. &amp; Byers, G. W. (1979 a) Chave para as familias e generos da Mecoptera (Insecta) da America, do sul dos Estados Unidos. Acta Amazonica, 9 (2), 363 - 364. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1809 - 43921979092363" type="journal article" year="1979">Penny &amp; Byers 1979a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFB55FC962AA5A099" author="Penny, N. D. &amp; Byers, G. W." box="[1167,1184,879,904]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="365 - 388" refId="ref16022" refString="Penny, N. D. &amp; Byers, G. W. (1979 b) A check-list of the Mecoptera of the world. Acta Amazonica, 9 (2), 365 - 388. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1809 - 43921979092365" type="journal article" year="1979">b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="CC3D4B33FFB6285FFB71FC962B58A099" author="Willmann, R." box="[1195,1373,879,904]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="47 - 65" refId="ref16394" refString="Willmann, R. (1983) Die phylogenetischen Beziehungen unter den sudamerikanischen Bittacidae (Insecta: Mecoptera). Zoologische Beitrage Neue Folge, 28, 47 - 65." type="journal article" year="1983">Willmann 1983</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E0B66549FFB6285FFF1DFC6D2AE9A0E5" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A81336C2FFB6285FFF1DFC6D2AE9A0E5" blockId="15.[151,1437,447,1013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">
<emphasis id="9AD8EAD0FFB6285FFF1DFC6D2FCCA0BC" bold="true" box="[199,457,916,941]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Examined specimens.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="18C43C9FFFB6285FFE08FC6D2EE8A0C1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2029163563" collectingDate="1970-11-12" collectionCode="MZSP" country="Brazil" determinerName="Guimaraes" location="Nova Friburgo" municipality="Mury" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
<collectingCountry id="D0BB7652FFB6285FFE08FC6D2C1EA0BC" box="[466,539,916,941]" name="Brazil" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Brazil</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="6A68F820FFB6285FFDFCFC6D2CD5A0BC" box="[550,720,916,941]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="4877ACB8FFB6285FFD06FC6C2D1EA0BC" box="[732,795,917,941]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Mury</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="AD736019FFB6285FFCF2FC6C2DD4A0BC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:200587D4FFB6285FFF4DFF6E2AE9A0E5:AD736019FFB6285FFCF2FC6C2DD4A0BC" box="[808,977,916,941]" country="Brazil" municipality="Mury" name="Nova Friburgo" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Nova Friburgo</location>
,
<collectingDate id="CC56E9EAFFB6285FFC04FC6D2A5DA0BC" box="[990,1112,916,941]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" value="1970-11-12">
<date id="DC121002FFB6285FFC04FC6D2A5DA0BC" box="[990,1112,916,941]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" value="1970-11-12">12.xi.1970</date>
</collectingDate>
, Gred &amp;
<determinerName id="5DCFDA06FFB6285FFB1FFC6D2B3BA0BC" box="[1221,1342,916,941]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Guimarães</determinerName>
det. (1?
<collectionCode id="CEBDAE07FFB6285FFF4DFC412EE0A0C1" box="[151,229,952,976]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" type="Museum">MZSP</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="18C43C9FFFB6285FFF27FC412B9DA0C1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2029162695" box="[253,1432,951,976]" collectingDate="1969-10" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="Fritz Plaumann" country="Brazil" location="Nova Teutonia" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Santa Catarina">
<collectingRegion id="6A68F820FFB6285FFF27FC412FAFA0C1" box="[253,426,951,976]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="AD736019FFB6285FFE60FC412C60A0C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:200587D4FFB6285FFF4DFF6E2AE9A0E5:AD736019FFB6285FFE60FC412C60A0C1" box="[442,613,951,976]" country="Brazil" name="Nova Teutonia" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" stateProvince="Santa Catarina">Nova Teutonia</location>
[
<collectingRegion id="6A68F820FFB6285FFDADFC412CBDA0C1" box="[631,696,952,976]" country="Brazil" name="Ceara" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Seara</collectingRegion>
today], 27°11’B–52°23’L,
<date id="DC121002FFB6285FFC2DFC4E2A43A0C1" box="[1015,1094,951,976]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" value="1969-10">
<collectingDate id="CC56E9EAFFB6285FFC2DFC4E2A43A0C1" box="[1015,1094,951,976]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" value="1969-10">x.1969</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="05595314FFB6285FFB8DFC4E2B0DA0C1" box="[1111,1288,951,976]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Fritz Plaumann</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="BEAAFD4BFFB6285FFAC5FC412B45A0C1" box="[1311,1344,952,976]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="CEBDAE07FFB6285FFA96FC412B95A0C1" box="[1356,1424,952,976]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">INPA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="18C43C9FFFB6285FFF4DFC252FC3A0E5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2029163368" box="[151,454,988,1013]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
idem—xi.1969 (
<specimenCount id="BEAAFD4BFFB6285FFE88FC252F76A0E5" box="[338,371,988,1012]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="CEBDAE07FFB6285FFEA0FC252FBBA0E5" box="[378,446,988,1012]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">INPA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="18C43C9FFFB6285FFE0BFC252D0DA0E5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2029164434" box="[465,776,988,1013]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
idem—xii.1969 (
<specimenCount id="BEAAFD4BFFB6285FFD48FC252CB0A0E5" box="[658,693,988,1012]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="CEBDAE07FFB6285FFD66FC252D05A0E5" box="[700,768,988,1012]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">INPA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="18C43C9FFFB6285FFCC9FC252AEDA0E5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2029165210" box="[787,1256,988,1013]" collectingDate="1977-12-16" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="ND Penny" country="Brazil" location="Seara" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Ceara">
<collectingRegion id="6A68F820FFB6285FFCC9FC252D51A0E5" box="[787,852,988,1012]" country="Brazil" name="Ceara" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Seara</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="DC121002FFB6285FFC85FC252DE4A0E4" box="[863,993,988,1013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" value="1977-12-16">
<collectingDate id="CC56E9EAFFB6285FFC85FC252DE4A0E4" box="[863,993,988,1013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" value="1977-12-16">16.xii.1977</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="05595314FFB6285FFC36FC242A67A0E4" box="[1004,1122,989,1013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">ND Penny</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="BEAAFD4BFFB6285FFBAEFC252A90A0E5" box="[1140,1173,988,1012]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="CEBDAE07FFB6285FFB46FC252AE5A0E5" box="[1180,1248,988,1012]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">INPA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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