338 lines
41 KiB
XML
338 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document id="3228CBE80C30ACCCE4171E6968103830" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.206009" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dcfda945-f761-4ebf-890b-5cdabc3ecb45" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="206009" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460294279421" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Vardo-Zalik, Anne M. & Campbell, Ronald A." docDate="2011" docId="0398B06F5C68E169F6E0FEABFC85FBC3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02838p064.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2838" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Acanthobothrium ulmeri Vardo-Zalik & Campbell, 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="FFA1C8175C66E179F677FFE0FFB2FFCC" masterDocTitle="Five new species of Acanthobothrium van Beneden, 1849 (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea) in elasmobranchs from the northwest Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico with first records from smooth-hound sharks and guitarfish" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1698251936871" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="7868DC9DCF31EA6F429BEC394DE8BF17" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4B53BDC17B638FD79031FCC7D83CA5BD">
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<mods:title id="2FCEA6D2204EB847870F688A4CAB5635">Five new species of Acanthobothrium van Beneden, 1849 (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea) in elasmobranchs from the northwest Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico with first records from smooth-hound sharks and guitarfish</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="960D4D6FA1D120928B1DD4C7F20FD116" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="E9FBEB6078BFB65AF81F883421C97EC6">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4FA709E15CE4408874990878E48177DB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="569B32E7F852A73DEFF95D133A96B5CD">Vardo-Zalik, Anne M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="EC14FC44A08E906DF77D969F2942D137" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="351FC8B4752AC888427F659EFCC89926">
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<mods:roleTerm id="42FE4B28CEBEB8CBF43C00472F24FD47">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C57250E19C6DFF1C163653030A207AE3">Campbell, Ronald A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F7BD9729295F159C3BBB7B8A6ABD7AF2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="067B79C5C6D6DA451448DAD5034BD5D6" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="15A8176202CCB13FEFBB9E5718BDFF5F">
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<mods:title id="DF7421A56644EEC8DC997D2FFEEF3440">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="9DB6EE9C31B52FD615DA8A3E87006016">
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<mods:date id="911D89A9313C4AD1EAF4686329F7599D">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="027972448D7E8C092A29E23CF94980C2" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="0BB66F11716103C85A45E32D4608C09C">2838</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="CF635C2C780CC629BE5013957EBA7595" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="06D923B619D61F0632EAE669FB35BE34">41</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="F86A1FFFBA09E6B8724BBAA64CF94B56">64</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="F820FEC88AA55670311FCF4931DDDADF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8EF7DD8D369AF55BD3BC2CC3760F260B" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.206009</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="45A0BED1260879F630705316E9C23300" type="GBIF-Dataset">dcfda945-f761-4ebf-890b-5cdabc3ecb45</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D92FA8CD3B8CC525F0CE70160DF8A74C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5141B6041CB16EFAA94E1D724355EF5F" type="Zenodo-Dep">206009</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="0398B06F5C68E169F6E0FEABFC85FBC3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6191984" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119399086" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6191984" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0398B06F5C68E169F6E0FEABFC85FBC3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0398B06F5C68E169F6E0FEABFC85FBC3" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection id="C32B52F25C68E177F6E0FEABFC54FDDB" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8E01795C68E177F6E0FEABFDAAFEA8" blockId="14.[151,536,331,391]" box="[151,536,331,356]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
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<heading id="D0C6B6155C68E177F6E0FEABFDAAFEA8" bold="true" box="[151,536,331,356]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" reason="2">
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||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C68E177F6E0FEABFDAAFEA8" bold="true" box="[151,536,331,356]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C68E177F6E0FEABFE05FEA8" box="[151,439,331,356]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ulmeri" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C68E177F6E0FEABFE05FEA8" bold="true" box="[151,439,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Acanthobothrium ulmeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27660105C68E177F7C9FEACFDAAFEA8" box="[446,536,332,356]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E01795C68E177F6E0FE8FFE30FE4B" blockId="14.[151,536,331,391]" box="[151,386,367,391]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="130A1DFC5C68E177F6E8FE8FFE95FE4B" box="[159,295,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 24" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[216,1377,210,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[203,1377,193,1910]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 24. Acanthobothrium ulmeri sp. nov. from the roundel skate, Raja texana. 20. Scolex. Note acuminate bothridia and short cephalic peduncle 21. Hooks showing two variations in form of lateral hook. 22. Terminal segment. 23. Terminal genitalia. Note vaginal constriction. 24. Entire worm. Scale bars: Fig. 20 = 100 µm. Fig. 21 = 25 µm. Figs. 22, 23 = 50 µm. Fig. 24 = 250 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/206014/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Figs. 20–24</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="130A1DFC5C68E177F745FE8FFECBFE4B" box="[306,377,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 36" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionTargetBox="[211,1378,177,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[211,1455,161,1920]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 36. New Acanthobothrium species from Gulf of Mexico. 31. A. ulmeri sp. nov., holotype. 32. A. westi sp. nov., holotype. 33. A. westi sp. nov., scolex from specimen 2.24 mm long. 34. A. ulmeri sp. nov., scolex from specimen 1.2 mm long. 35. A. schalli sp. nov. detail of hooks showing elongated tubercles. 36. A. schalli sp. nov., holotype, entire worm with 18 segments. Scale bars: Figs. 31, 32 = 250 µm, Figs. 33, 34, 35 = 50 µm, Fig. 36. = 500 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/206016/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">31, 34</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E01795C68E177F6E0FE57FF4EFE38" blockId="14.[151,1437,439,2012]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C68E177F6E0FE57FE10FE1C" bold="true" box="[151,418,439,464]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Specimens deposited:</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="548ABFDB5C68E177F7C4FE57FDA7FE03" box="[435,533,439,463]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(USNPC 103830);
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<typeStatus id="548ABFDB5C68E177F564FE58FCCCFE1C" box="[787,894,440,464]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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(USNPC 103831–103837, 103839, 103842, 103846).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E01795C68E177F6B0FDE0FC54FDDB" blockId="14.[151,1437,439,2012]" box="[199,998,511,536]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C68E177F6B0FDE0FEBAFDD4" bold="true" box="[199,264,512,536]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Host:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C68E177F778FDE1FDF9FDDB" authority="Chandler, 1921" authorityName="Chandler" authorityYear="1921" box="[271,587,511,536]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="texana">
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<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C68E177F778FDE1FE24FDD4" box="[271,406,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Raja texana</emphasis>
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Chandler, 1921
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</taxonomicName>
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; Roundelskate;
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<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C68E177F489FE1FFCCDFDDB" box="[766,895,511,535]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Rajiformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C68E177F5FEFE1FFC50FDDB" box="[905,994,511,535]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Rajidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32B52F25C68E177F6B0FDC4FD25FD23" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8E01795C68E177F6B0FDC4FA81FDF0" blockId="14.[151,1437,439,2012]" box="[199,1331,547,572]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C68E177F6B0FDC4FEDBFDF0" bold="true" box="[199,361,547,572]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
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<typeStatus id="548ABFDB5C68E177F6B0FDC4FEB0FDF0" box="[199,258,548,572]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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</emphasis>
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Gulf of
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<collectingCountry id="F32641E95C68E177F7BFFDC4FDACFDF0" box="[456,542,548,572]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F452FDC4FD1BFDF0" box="[549,681,548,572]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="29.338167">29º20.29’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F4C3FDC4FC89FDF0" box="[692,827,548,572]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="-93.72933">93º43.76’W</geoCoordinate>
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at 8 fathoms
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<date id="FF8F27B95C68E177F5A4FDC4FB8AFDF0" box="[979,1080,548,572]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" value="1994-10-28">28. x. 94</date>
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, coll. R. A. Campbell.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E01795C68E177F6B0FDA7FB25FD6B" blockId="14.[151,1437,439,2012]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C68E177F6B0FDA7FE39FDAC" bold="true" box="[199,395,583,608]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Other localities:</emphasis>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F7E0FDA7FD96FD93" box="[407,548,583,607]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="28.092167">28º 5.53’ N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F444FDA7FD74FD93" box="[563,710,583,607]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="-94.91517">94º 54.91’W</geoCoordinate>
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at 30 fathoms;
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F5F1FDA7FBA7FD93" box="[902,1045,583,607]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="28.667334">28º 40.04’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F253FDA7FB05FD93" box="[1060,1207,583,607]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="-94.353165">94º 21.19’W</geoCoordinate>
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at 17 fathoms;
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F300FDA7FF41FD48" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="27.976166">27º 58.57’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F770FD8CFE24FD48" box="[263,406,620,644]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="-95.36017">95º 21.61’W</geoCoordinate>
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at 35 fathoms;
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F435FD8CFD7EFD48" box="[578,716,620,644]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="28.223333">28º 13.40’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F4A0FD8CFCD7FD48" box="[727,869,620,644]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="-94.71917">94º 43.15’W</geoCoordinate>
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at 27.5 fathoms;
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F251FD8CFB02FD48" box="[1062,1200,620,644]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="28.345167">28º 20.71’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F2CBFD8CFAF8FD48" box="[1212,1354,620,644]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="-94.2165">94º 12.99’W</geoCoordinate>
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at 26.7 fathoms;
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F777FD6FFE36FD6B" box="[256,388,655,679]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="28.155167">28º 9.31’ N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F7F8FD6FFDAFFD6B" box="[399,541,655,679]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="-94.30417">94º 18.25’W</geoCoordinate>
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at 30 fathoms;
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F4BCFD6FFCE4FD6B" box="[715,854,655,679]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="27.987833">27º 59.27’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0567BE5C68E177F515FD6FFC42FD6B" box="[866,1008,655,679]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" precision="9" value="-93.96733">93º 58.04’W</geoCoordinate>
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at 45 fathoms.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E01795C68E177F6B0FD53FD8FFD00" blockId="14.[151,1437,439,2012]" box="[199,573,691,716]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C68E177F6B0FD53FE39FD00" bold="true" box="[199,395,691,716]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Site of infection:</emphasis>
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spiral intestine.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E01795C68E177F6B0FD38FD25FD23" blockId="14.[151,1437,439,2012]" box="[199,663,727,752]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C68E177F6B0FD38FEE0FD3C" bold="true" box="[199,338,728,752]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Prevalence:</emphasis>
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10/11 individuals examined.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32B52F25C68E177F6B0FD1CFC5EFCFB" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B8E01795C68E177F6B0FD1CFC5EFCFB" blockId="14.[151,1437,439,2012]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C68E177F6B0FD1CFEE3FCD8" bold="true" box="[199,337,764,788]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Etymology:</emphasis>
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The species is named in honor of the late Dr. Martin J. Ulmer, Iowa State University, former president of the American Society of Parasitologists, mentor and friend of RAC.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32B52F25C68E177F6B0FCA3FD21F810" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8E01795C68E177F6B0FCA3FDD8FB6C" blockId="14.[151,1437,439,2012]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C68E177F6B0FCA3FEE9FC90" bold="true" box="[199,347,835,860]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Description:</emphasis>
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Based on measurements of 15 whole mounted specimens and SEM of
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<specimenCount id="9D37CAF05C68E177F2FDFCA4FAABFC90" box="[1162,1305,836,860]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
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. Small cestodes 720–3380 (1622, n=10) long. Strobila consisting of 3–11 (6, n= 13) acraspedote segments, euapolytic. Scolex 357–464 (350, n=10) long by 224–280 (240, n=10) wide, composed of 4 triloculate bothridia free at posterior ends; each with apical sucker and pad, armed with pair of bifid hooks. Bothridia 281–432 (385, n=21) long by 87–128 (113, n=21) wide, acuminate or rounded posteriorly, covered with spinitriches over proximal surfaces and divided into three loculi by thin muscular septa. Anterior loculus 156–205 (180, n=12) long, middle loculus 57–87 (72, n=12) long, posterior loculus 65–106 (89, n=12) long. Apical pad 58–84 wide, bearing a single accessory sucker 23–29 (25, n=7) in diameter. Ratios of (A: M: P) 1: 0.40: 0.48; (BL: BW) 3.37: 1; (BL: CPL) 1: 0.15–1: 0.4 (1: 0.32). Cephalic peduncle short, 48–176 (112, n=15) long by 48–64 (55, n=13) wide, overlapped by bothridia, covered with spinitriches and long filitriches.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E01795C68E177F6B0FB4CFC58FAFC" blockId="14.[151,1437,439,2012]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Hook dimensions: Hooks of dissimilar form and dimensions. Lateral hook: prongs widely divergent, forming distinct Y-shape: (n=7): A =21–30 (28); B= 61–78 (66); C = 59–72 (63); D= 80–103 (91); E= 77–103 (90); W= 38– 48 (44). Medial hook: prongs form narrow U-shape (n=7): A’ = 25–29 (27); B’ = 61–76 (69); C’ = 53–72 (63); D’= 82–103 (91); E’= 80–100 (87); W’= 19–38 (36). (THL: BL) 1: 4.2 to 1: 4.3.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E01795C68E177F6B0FADCFD21F810" blockId="14.[151,1437,439,2012]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
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Strobila: Immature segments 4–9 (6, n=8) in number, initially wider than long, rapidly elongating with maturity. Mature segments longer than wide, 280–1010 (597, n=13) long by 150–270 (219, n=13) wide, 1–3 (2, n=8) per worm. Genital pores 47–69% (56%, n=10) of segment length from posterior extremity, irregularly alternating, each with shallow genital atrium. Cirrus sac near middle of segment, pyriform, 70–120 (91, n=10) long by 50–100 (75, n=10) wide, extending almost to midline. Cirrus armed, basal region covered with gland cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A1DFC5C68E177F29FFA2CFA8DFA28" box="[1256,1343,1484,1508]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 24" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[216,1377,210,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[203,1377,193,1910]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 24. Acanthobothrium ulmeri sp. nov. from the roundel skate, Raja texana. 20. Scolex. Note acuminate bothridia and short cephalic peduncle 21. Hooks showing two variations in form of lateral hook. 22. Terminal segment. 23. Terminal genitalia. Note vaginal constriction. 24. Entire worm. Scale bars: Fig. 20 = 100 µm. Fig. 21 = 25 µm. Figs. 22, 23 = 50 µm. Fig. 24 = 250 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/206014/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
). Testes arranged in two, single layered columns lateral to uterus, beginning anterior to the ovary and extending to anterior extremity of segment, never between the ovarian lobes. Testes 18–26 (23, n=22) in number, 5–9 (7, n=22) preporal, 9–15 (12, n=22) aporal, 3–5 (3.6, n=22) postporal; subspherical, 20–60 (34, n=36) long by 35–80 (51, n=36) wide. Ovary posterior, 160 long by 80 wide in immature segments, 160–360 (248) long by 88–168 (130) wide in mature segments, H-shaped, tetralobed, posterior arms converge and overlap posteriorly. Ovarian arms nearly symmetrical, distinctly lobulated, aporal arms 90–370 (233, n=10) long, poral arms 115–350 (224, n=10) long, 45–140 (92, n=10) wide, anterior arms barely reach level of testes and about half the distance to cirrus sac. Vagina anterior to cirrus sac, thick walled, densely covered by gland cells near junction with genital atrium, muscle fibers apparent, with internal constriction (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A1DFC5C68E177F7B1F8F0FDAEF8E4" box="[454,540,1808,1832]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 24" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[216,1377,210,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[203,1377,193,1910]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 24. Acanthobothrium ulmeri sp. nov. from the roundel skate, Raja texana. 20. Scolex. Note acuminate bothridia and short cephalic peduncle 21. Hooks showing two variations in form of lateral hook. 22. Terminal segment. 23. Terminal genitalia. Note vaginal constriction. 24. Entire worm. Scale bars: Fig. 20 = 100 µm. Fig. 21 = 25 µm. Figs. 22, 23 = 50 µm. Fig. 24 = 250 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/206014/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
), opens into a shallow genital atrium, parallels anterior border of cirrus sac to midline, turns posteriorly and descends to ootype. Vaginal sphincter absent. Mehlis’ gland elliptical, 12–30 long by 10–23 wide, located immediately posterior to ovarian isthmus. Uterus median, tubular, thick walled, extending in median line from Mehlis’ gland to level of most anterior testes. Vitellarium follicular, in 2 lateral columns, each composed of 2 columns of follicles, extending from ovary to posterior margin of the most anterior testes; follicles irregular, oblong, 23–30 long by 15–27 wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF4E51F15C69E176F6E0F899FF5FF827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/206014/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" targetBox="[216,1377,210,1907]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E01795C69E176F6E0F899FF5FF827" blockId="15.[151,1436,1913,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C69E176F6E0F899FEFEF843" bold="true" box="[151,332,1913,1936]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">FIGURES 20–24</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C69E176F72EF89AFDE0F85C" box="[345,594,1914,1936]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ulmeri" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C69E176F72EF89AFDE0F85C" box="[345,594,1914,1936]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Acanthobothrium ulmeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27660105C69E176F42FF89AFD1AF843" box="[600,680,1914,1935]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C69E176F42FF89AFD1AF843" bold="true" box="[600,680,1914,1935]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from the roundel skate,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C69E176F5E8F89BFBAAF85C" box="[927,1048,1915,1936]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="texana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C69E176F5E8F89BFBAAF85C" box="[927,1048,1915,1936]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Raja texana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C69E176F253F89AFB8FF843" bold="true" box="[1060,1085,1914,1935]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">20</emphasis>
|
||
. Scolex. Note acuminate bothridia and short cephalic peduncle
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C69E176F7C2F879FE7CF862" bold="true" box="[437,462,1945,1966]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">21</emphasis>
|
||
. Hooks showing two variations in form of lateral hook.
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C69E176F275F879FBA9F862" bold="true" box="[1026,1051,1945,1966]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">22</emphasis>
|
||
. Terminal segment.
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C69E176F29EF879FAB0F862" bold="true" box="[1257,1282,1945,1966]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">23</emphasis>
|
||
. Terminal genitalia. Note vaginal constriction.
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C69E176F795F857FE49F800" bold="true" box="[482,507,1975,1996]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">24</emphasis>
|
||
. Entire worm. Scale bars:
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C69E176F570F856FCEDF800" bold="true" box="[775,863,1974,1997]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Fig. 20=</emphasis>
|
||
100 µm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C69E176F5C8F856FBB5F800" bold="true" box="[959,1031,1974,1997]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Fig. 21</emphasis>
|
||
= 25 µm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C69E176F21DF856FB50F800" bold="true" box="[1130,1250,1974,1997]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Figs. 22, 23</emphasis>
|
||
= 50 µm.
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C69E176F332F856FA3FF800" bold="true" box="[1349,1421,1974,1997]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Fig. 24</emphasis>
|
||
= 250 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32B52F25C76E169F6B0FF78FC85FBC3" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E01795C76E169F6B0FF78FC60FD23" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F6B0FF78FE8FFF7C" bold="true" box="[199,317,152,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F733FF78FDEBFF7C" box="[324,601,152,176]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ulmeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F733FF78FDEBFF7C" box="[324,601,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Acanthobothrium ulmeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a category 1 species whose bothridia longer than the cephalic peduncle is rare among all congeners. This character in combination with its small size (<
|
||
<quantity id="4CC9AC9C5C76E169F25BFF5CFB35FF18" box="[1068,1159,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
), preovarian distribution of 18–26 testes, ovarian lobes reaching c. 50% of the distance to the cirrus sac from the posterior end of the segment differentiate it from all but a few other known category 1 species worldwide. In the Atlantic Ocean coastal waters of North and South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32641E95C76E169F7B2FEC7FD94FEF3" box="[453,550,295,319]" name="United States of America" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Mediterranean Sea only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F5E1FEC8FB96FE8C" box="[918,1060,296,320]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="dujardinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F5E1FEC8FC15FE8C" box="[918,935,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F5C2FEC8FB96FE8C" box="[949,1060,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">dujardinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, common to skates (
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F37BFEC9FAC4FE8C" box="[1292,1398,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F37BFEC9FAC0FE8C" box="[1292,1394,297,320]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spp">Raja spp</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) in the eastern North Atlantic and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F788FEACFD33FEA8" box="[511,641,332,356]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mathiasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F788FEACFD33FEA8" box="[511,641,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. mathiasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F4BBFEACFC83FEA8" box="[716,817,332,356]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Triakidae" genus="Mustelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F4BBFEACFC83FEA8" box="[716,817,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Mustelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Mediterranean Sea, are noted for having short cephalic peduncles overlapped by their bothridia.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F4BFFE90FC6EFE44" box="[712,988,368,392]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ulmeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F4BFFE90FC6EFE44" box="[712,988,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Acanthobothrium ulmeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F205FE90FAB3FE44" box="[1138,1281,368,392]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="dujardinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F205FE90FAB3FE44" box="[1138,1281,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. dujardinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the lack of lappets on the bothridial margins, absence of testes between the ovarian lobes (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F2F7FE74FABCFE60" box="[1152,1294,404,428]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="dujardinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F2F7FE74FABCFE60" box="[1152,1294,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. dujardinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and shorter total hook length (80–103 vs. 180–210). It can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F5C2FE58FB84FE1C" box="[949,1078,440,464]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mathiasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F5C2FE58FB84FE1C" box="[949,1078,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. mathiasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a number of characters, the more obvious being a much smaller size (<
|
||
<quantity id="4CC9AC9C5C76E169F401FE3CFD7FFE38" box="[630,717,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC9AC9C5C76E169F48EFE3CFCC4FE38" box="[761,886,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">10–20 mm</quantity>
|
||
), shorter total hook length (80–103 vs. 155–200), fewer postporal testes (3–5 vs. 7) and absence of testes between the ovarian lobes (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F2B7FDE0FAF2FDD4" box="[1216,1344,512,536]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mathiasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F2B7FDE0FAF2FDD4" box="[1216,1344,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. mathiasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F32EFDE0FEC0FDF0" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ulmeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F32EFDE0FEC0FDF0" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Acanthobothrium ulmeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurred in mixed infections with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F48BFDC4FCE6FDF0" box="[764,852,548,572]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="westi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F48BFDC4FCE6FDF0" box="[764,852,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. westi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27660105C76E169F52BFDC4FC04FDF0" box="[860,950,548,572]" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F52BFDC4FC04FDF0" bold="true" box="[860,950,548,572]" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, described below.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F2F0FDC4FA2EFDF0" box="[1159,1436,548,572]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ulmeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F2F0FDC4FA2EFDF0" box="[1159,1436,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Acanthobothrium ulmeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F7FDFDA8FD88FDAC" box="[394,570,584,608]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lentiginosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F7FDFDA8FD88FDAC" box="[394,570,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. lentiginosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its’ smaller scolex (357–464 vs. 550–780), shorter total hook lengths (82– 103 vs. 100–140 medial), a smaller (THL: BL) ratio (1: 4.2– 4.3 vs. 1: 2.7–2.8), shorter interprong width of medial hooks (19–38 vs. 40–60), and absence of testes between the ovarian lobes (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A1DFC5C76E169F23FFD6FFB10FD6B" box="[1096,1186,655,679]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 13" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1935,1958]" captionTargetBox="[185,1399,219,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[173,1420,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 13. Acanthobothrium lentiginosum sp. nov. from the Atlantic guitarfish. 9. Scolex. 10. Hooks. 11. Mature segment. Note posterior extent of testes. 12. Detail of bilobed ovary, inverted A-shaped. 13. Entire worm. Scale bars: Figs. 9, 11, 13 = 100 µm. Figs. 10, 12 = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/206012/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A1DFC5C76E169F2AFFD6FFB4AFD6B" box="[1240,1272,655,679]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 24" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1913,1936]" captionTargetBox="[216,1377,210,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[203,1377,193,1910]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 24. Acanthobothrium ulmeri sp. nov. from the roundel skate, Raja texana. 20. Scolex. Note acuminate bothridia and short cephalic peduncle 21. Hooks showing two variations in form of lateral hook. 22. Terminal segment. 23. Terminal genitalia. Note vaginal constriction. 24. Entire worm. Scale bars: Fig. 20 = 100 µm. Fig. 21 = 25 µm. Figs. 22, 23 = 50 µm. Fig. 24 = 250 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/206014/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">22</figureCitation>
|
||
); it can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F738FD54FE0AFD00" box="[335,440,692,716]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schalli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F738FD54FE0AFD00" box="[335,440,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. schalli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the extent of the ovarian lobes (1/2 distance to the cirrus vs. just below cirrus sac in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F3F3FD54FF50FD3C" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schalli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F3F3FD54FF50FD3C" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. schalli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and testes distribution (preovarian vs. between the ovarian lobes).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E01795C76E169F6B0FD1CFC85FBC3" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Of the 27 category 1 species lacking postovarian testes discussed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA07C885C76E169F5BDFD1CFB24FCD8" box="[970,1174,764,788]" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" refString="Fyler, C. A., Caira, J. N. & Jensen, K. (2009) Five new species of Acanthobothrium (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea) from an unusual species of Himantura (Rajiformes: Dasyatidae) from northern Australia. Folia Parasitologia, 56, 107 - 128." type="journal article">
|
||
Fyler
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F27BFD1DFB8CFCD8" box="[1036,1086,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
five species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32641E95C76E169F312FD1CFF63FCFB" name="Australia" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Indo-Pacific region have a short cephalic peduncle not extending beyond the bothridia:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F367FCC0FA27FCF4" box="[1296,1429,800,824]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="bartonae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F367FCC0FA27FCF4" box="[1296,1429,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. bartonae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F6E0FCA4FEBCFC90" box="[151,270,836,860]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gnomus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F6E0FCA4FEBCFC90" box="[151,270,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. gnomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F769FCA4FE26FC90" box="[286,404,836,860]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="moorae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F769FCA4FE26FC90" box="[286,404,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. moorae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F7D3FCA4FDACFC90" box="[420,542,836,860]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stevensi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F7D3FCA4FDACFC90" box="[420,542,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. stevensi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F429FCA4FD59FC90" box="[606,747,836,860]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="thomasae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F429FCA4FD59FC90" box="[606,747,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. thomasae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F48DFCA4FBBDFC90" box="[762,1039,836,860]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ulmeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F48DFCA4FBBDFC90" box="[762,1039,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Acanthobothrium ulmeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated from each of these species as follows: from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F783FC88FDC8FC4C" box="[500,634,872,896]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="bartonae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F783FC88FDC8FC4C" box="[500,634,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. bartonae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its absence of hook tubercles, smaller hook handles (21–30 vs. 51– 60), and hook lengths, i.e. shorter medial and lateral axial prongs (61–76 and 61–78 vs. 81–82 and 76–94); it differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F6A3FC50FEF9FC04" box="[212,331,944,968]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gnomus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F6A3FC50FEF9FC04" box="[212,331,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. gnomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by more testes (18–26 vs. 8–13) and presence of postporal testes (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F2D3FC50FAA9FC04" box="[1188,1307,944,968]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gnomus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F2D3FC50FAA9FC04" box="[1188,1307,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. gnomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F344FC50FA2EFC04" box="[1331,1436,944,968]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ulmeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F344FC50FA2EFC04" box="[1331,1436,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. ulmeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks a vaginal sphincter and testes between the ovarian lobes, both present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F268FC34FB2BFC20" box="[1055,1177,980,1004]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stevensi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F268FC34FB2BFC20" box="[1055,1177,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. stevensi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and it differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C317AFA5C76E169F3F3FC34FEB1FBDC" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Acanthobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="thomasae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945DD6B5C76E169F3F3FC34FEB1FBDC" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">A. thomasae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by possessing fewer preporal testes (3–5 vs. 5–9).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |