404 lines
54 KiB
XML
404 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="4E0D8D437D39D503B96B96772168A362" ID-CLB-Dataset="9386" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4890.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8170a936-9977-4b4a-9627-6f69bdecfed2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4301483" ID-ZooBank="C484D4D4-199E-45A0-9A38-0F6DEE3EE564" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1606899296747" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Donohoo, Samantha A. & Gosliner, Terrence M." docDate="2020" docId="03B68789FFF7901BFF7FF906FD65C897" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4890.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4890 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Asteronotus namuro Donohoo & Gosliner 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="A7E57F60-38DA-4AD9-85DC-940DA349736F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FF8FFFF1FFFD9016FFE8FFFFFFD3CA5A" masterDocTitle="A tale of two genera: the revival of Hoplodoris (Nudibranchia: Discodorididae) with the description of new species of Hoplodoris and Asteronotus" masterLastPageNumber="37" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1698846981047" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0DD49629A601C88B6825AD086EDC9886">
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<mods:title id="C2EC13B39927DCD4B21FCB4F620060A9">A tale of two genera: the revival of Hoplodoris (Nudibranchia: Discodorididae) with the description of new species of Hoplodoris and Asteronotus</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="7F0869BFA2D4DD9D8E9EF1CB61AA34F9" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="09C22B095A80832BB632E34AF00B20B0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9E46DE07E9851276526C75FA0978EAB6">Donohoo, Samantha A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CF0FCE5EAACD97D2C87D9A0543E8CC78">Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Geology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, U. S. A. & Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="014DC4FA484236669F3942659FA92591">Gosliner, Terrence M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FA9396DE295A928D9BCFDBC52701CE1C">Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Geology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, U. S. A. & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3950 - 0243</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="AB3728920DA5AB3E31D2AFBE66D36BCA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A09791098670994F3DA350A5CD594127">
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<mods:date id="39CB6F2EC26F4FE9E8386A6BBAE06606">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6852FA495F8AE3EBB6B30F07B028E0CC">2020-12-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2F536AD7987A0AEBE077CE191C95670D">4890</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03B68789FFF7901BFF7FF906FD65C897" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4329372" ID-GBIF-Taxon="170714065" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4329372" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A7E57F60-38DA-4AD9-85DC-940DA349736F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B68789FFF7901BFF7FF906FD65C897" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection id="C3056514FFF7901CFF7FF906FE26CD49" box="[151,501,1785,1812]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF7901CFF7FF906FE26CD49" blockId="10.[151,977,1785,1884]" box="[151,501,1785,1812]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<heading id="D0E881F3FFF7901CFF7FF906FE26CD49" bold="true" box="[151,501,1785,1812]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF7901CFF7FF906FE26CD49" bold="true" box="[151,501,1785,1812]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF7901CFF7FF906FE43CD4E" ID-CoL="7Q8P5" authority="Donohoo & Gosliner, 2020" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,400,1785,1812]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF7901CFF7FF906FE43CD4E" bold="true" box="[151,400,1785,1812]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Asteronotus namuro</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857F6FFF7901CFE7FF906FE26CD49" box="[407,501,1785,1811]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3056514FFF7901CFF7FF8E2FC02CD06" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF7901CFF7FF8E2FE57CD62" blockId="10.[151,977,1785,1884]" box="[151,388,1821,1848]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13242A1AFFF7901CFF77F8E2FED0CD6D" box="[159,259,1821,1847]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1677,1701]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-60@9.[151,1436,273,1654]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Asteronotus, living specimens. A. Asteronotus markaensis sp. nov. CASIZ 192316A, Saudi Arabian Red Sea; B. Asteronotus spongicolus CASIZ 194597, Philippines; C. Asteronotus mimeticus CASIZ 208221, Philippines; D. Asteronotus namuro sp. nov. CASIZ 192297, Saudi Arabian Red Sea; E. Asteronotus hepaticus, uncollected. F. Asteronotus cespitosus CA- SIZ 177226, Philippines. Photos (A–D, F by Terry Gosliner) and (E by Alicia Hermosillo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301489/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 2D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13242A1AFFF7901CFEE7F8E2FEE1CD6D" box="[271,306,1821,1847]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1192,1216]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,707,1165]" captionTargetId="figure-279@11.[160,1427,704,1168]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Asteronotus, reproductive system. A. Asteronotus markaensis sp. nov. CASIZ 192316A(scale bar = 1mm).B. Asteronotus namuro sp. nov. CASIZ 192297 (scale bar = 1mm). Abbreviations: A, ampulla; AG, accessory gland; BC, bursa copulatrix; FGM, female gland mass; P, penis; PR, prostate; RS, receptaculum seminis; UD, uterine duct; V, vagina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301499/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">4B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13242A1AFFF7901CFED6F8E2FEB3CD62" box="[318,352,1821,1848]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,655,679]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,631]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[152,1436,181,631]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Asteronotus. Accessory spines, light micrographs. A. Asteronotus markaensis sp. nov. CASIZ 192316A; B. Asteronotus namuro sp. nov. CASIZ 192297." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301501/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">5B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13242A1AFFF7901CFE84F8E2FEA8CD62" box="[364,379,1821,1848]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1678,1702]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,740,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-54@12.[151,1436,740,1655]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Asteronotus namuro sp. nov. CASIZ 192297. Radula, scanning electron micrographs. A. Entire radula; B. Central teeth; C. Mid-lateral teeth; D. Outer lateral teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301503/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">6</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF7901CFF7FF8BEFC02CD06" blockId="10.[151,977,1785,1884]" box="[151,977,1857,1884]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<uri id="FF8E3A9DFFF7901CFF7FF8BEFC02CD06" box="[151,977,1857,1884]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFB90C4AFFF7901CFE4EF8BEFC02CD06" box="[422,977,1857,1884]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A7E57F60-38DA-4AD9-85DC-940DA349736F</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3056514FFF7901CFF7FF879FC58CDE6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF7901CFF7FF879FC84CDC4" blockId="10.[151,907,1926,1981]" box="[151,855,1926,1950]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF7901CFF7FF879FF21CDC4" ID-CoL="7PJGG" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,242,1926,1950]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Thordisa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF7901CFF7FF879FF21CDC4" box="[151,242,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Thordisa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 16—
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6EFFF7901CFEA4F879FDCFCDC4" author="Gosliner, T. & Behrens, D. & Valdes, A." box="[332,540,1926,1950]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref19413" refString="Gosliner, T., Behrens, D. & Valdes, A. (2015) Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. New World Publications, Inc. Jacksonville, Florida, 408 pp." type="book" year="2015">
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||
Gosliner
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||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF7901CFE44F879FE0BCDC4" box="[428,472,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2015
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: page 182, top left photograph.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF7901CFF7FF85BFC58CDE6" blockId="10.[151,907,1926,1981]" box="[151,907,1956,1981]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF7901CFF7FF85BFF21CDE6" ID-CoL="7PJGG" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,242,1956,1980]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Thordisa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF7901CFF7FF85BFF21CDE6" box="[151,242,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Thordisa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
sp. 18—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6EFFF7901CFEA4F85BFDCFCDE6" author="Gosliner, T. M. & Valdeis, A. & Behrens, D. W." box="[332,540,1956,1980]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref19459" refString="Gosliner, T. M., Valdeis, A. & Behrens, D. W. (2018) Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. New World Publications, Inc. Jacksonville, Florida, 451 pp." type="book" year="2018">
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||
Gosliner
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||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF7901CFE44F85AFE0BCDE6" box="[428,472,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al</emphasis>
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. 2018
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: page 103, middle right photograph.
|
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3056514FFF6901DFF7FFF69FCE8CAA2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF6901DFF7FFF69FAB7CA8E" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<materialsCitation id="3B773CC2FFF6901DFF7FFF69FAB7CA8E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2990065307" collectingDate="2013-03-10" collectionCode="T" collectorName="M. Gosliner." country="Saudi Arabia" elevation="17" latitude="16.79097" location="Tigerhead Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="41.199013" municipality="Red Sea" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCode="CASIZ 192297" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFF7FFF69FEEECAEA" bold="true" box="[151,317,150,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Type material</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFEA1FF69FE65CAEA" bold="true" box="[329,438,150,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<typeStatus id="54A4883DFFF6901DFEA1FF69FE65CAEA" box="[329,438,150,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCode id="DBB99EE4FFF6901DFE2CFF69FDA1CAEA" box="[452,626,150,176]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CASIZ 192297</specimenCode>
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, one specimen, dissected, foot subsampled for molecular analyses,
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<location id="8EC06044FFF6901DFAB0FF69FEC9CA8E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B68789FFF7901BFF7FF906FD65C897:8EC06044FFF6901DFAB0FF69FEC9CA8E" country="Saudi Arabia" latitude="16.79097" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="41.199013" municipality="Red Sea" name="Tigerhead Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tigerhead Island</location>
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,
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4ACE5FFF6901DFD8CFF45FD10CA8E" box="[612,707,186,212]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Red Sea</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F308760FFFF6901DFD27FF45FCB0CA8E" box="[719,867,186,212]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<elevation id="0032D1ACFFF6901DFC86FF45FC2ECA8E" box="[878,1021,186,212]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="17.4">
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depth
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</elevation>
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,
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<date id="FFA1105FFFF6901DFBE0FF45FB65CA8E" box="[1032,1206,186,212]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2013-03-10">
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<collectingDate id="EFE5E9B7FFF6901DFBE0FF45FB65CA8E" box="[1032,1206,186,212]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2013-03-10">10 March 2013</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED0EAE5AFFF6901DFB29FF44FB07CA8F" box="[1217,1236,187,213]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T</collectionCode>
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.
|
||
<collectorName id="26EA5349FFF6901DFB3FFF44FAB7CA8E" box="[1239,1380,186,213]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">M. Gosliner.</collectorName>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF6901DFF2FFF21FCE8CAA2" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,680]" box="[199,827,222,249]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<materialsCitation id="3B773CC2FFF6901DFF2FFF21FCE4CAA2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2990065304" box="[199,823,222,249]" country="Saudi Arabia" location="Tigerhead Island" municipality="Red Sea" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFF2FFF21FEB3CAA2" bold="true" box="[199,352,222,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<typeStatus id="54A4883DFFF6901DFF2FFF21FED1CAA2" box="[199,258,222,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Type</typeStatus>
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locality
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</emphasis>
|
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.
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<location id="8EC06044FFF6901DFE85FF21FDFFCAA2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B68789FFF7901BFF7FF906FD65C897:8EC06044FFF6901DFE85FF21FDFFCAA2" box="[365,556,222,248]" country="Saudi Arabia" municipality="Red Sea" name="Tigerhead Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tigerhead Island</location>
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,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F308760FFFF6901DFDDFFF21FD1FCAA2" box="[567,716,222,248]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4ACE5FFF6901DFD3FFF21FCE4CAA2" box="[727,823,222,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Red Sea</collectingMunicipality>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3056514FFF6901DFF2FFEFDFE02CDC8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF6901DFF2FFEFDFF35C8F2" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFF2FFEFDFE19CB46" bold="true" box="[199,458,258,284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">External morphology</emphasis>
|
||
. The living animals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13242A1AFFF6901DFD29FEFDFCC8CB46" box="[705,795,258,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1677,1701]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-60@9.[151,1436,273,1654]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Asteronotus, living specimens. A. Asteronotus markaensis sp. nov. CASIZ 192316A, Saudi Arabian Red Sea; B. Asteronotus spongicolus CASIZ 194597, Philippines; C. Asteronotus mimeticus CASIZ 208221, Philippines; D. Asteronotus namuro sp. nov. CASIZ 192297, Saudi Arabian Red Sea; E. Asteronotus hepaticus, uncollected. F. Asteronotus cespitosus CA- SIZ 177226, Philippines. Photos (A–D, F by Terry Gosliner) and (E by Alicia Hermosillo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301489/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
) are oval in shape, approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CE79B7AFFF6901DFB44FEFDFAF4CB47" box="[1196,1319,258,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="50.0" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="45.0">45–55 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, and were found under coral rubble on steep sandy slopes
|
||
<quantity id="4CE79B7AFFF6901DFCCCFED9FC85CB1A" box="[804,854,294,320]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="17.0">17m</quantity>
|
||
in depth. The body color is a pinkish pale red with random dark red and white flecks that increase in concentration moving away from the mantle’s edge; numerous red and white tubercles that vary in size; and random dark red blotches surrounding a medially light pink crest with a central brown line. The underside of the mantle is a pinkish pale red color with random dark-red flecks across the entire mantle. The gill surrounds the anus and consists of 6 light brown tripinnate brachial leaves with light brown rachises and scattered opaque white spots. The gill pocket consists of six distinct lobes that are red in color with a large patch of white at the apex. The rhinophores are perfoliate with 15–20 dark purple lamellae. The base and middle regions of the rhinophores are purple with scattered red spots. The two rhinophoral sheaths are crenulated and purple in color with random patches of reddish pink. The foot is broad, anteriorly notched, and cream in coloration with random red flecks. An elongate, digitiform oral tentacle is found laterally on either side of the labial region and mouth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF606617FFF6901DFF7FFB57FAFCCF53" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301499" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4301499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301499/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[151,250,1192,1216]" targetBox="[165,1423,707,1165]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF6901DFF7FFB57FAFCCF53" blockId="11.[151,1436,1192,1289]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFF7FFB57FEC5CE9A" bold="true" box="[151,278,1192,1216]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF6901DFEC8FB56FE4BCE9A" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1831" box="[288,408,1193,1216]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFEC8FB56FE4BCE9A" box="[288,408,1193,1216]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Asteronotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, reproductive system.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFD61FB57FD48CE9A" bold="true" box="[649,667,1192,1216]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF6901DFD44FB56FC72CE9B" authority="Donohoo & Gosliner, 2020" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[684,929,1193,1217]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="markaensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFD44FB56FC72CE9B" box="[684,929,1193,1217]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Asteronotus markaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFC43FB56FC2CCE9B" bold="true" box="[939,1023,1193,1217]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857F6FFF6901DFC43FB56FC2CCE9B" box="[939,1023,1193,1217]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
CASIZ 192316A(scale bar = 1mm).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFA6DFB56FA45CE9B" bold="true" box="[1413,1430,1193,1217]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF6901DFF7FFB32FEB6CEBE" authority="Donohoo & Gosliner, 2020" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,357,1229,1252]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFF7FFB32FEB6CEBE" box="[151,357,1229,1252]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Asteronotus namuro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFE85FB32FE6CCEBF" bold="true" box="[365,447,1229,1253]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857F6FFF6901DFE85FB32FE6CCEBF" box="[365,447,1229,1253]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
CASIZ 192297 (scale bar = 1mm). Abbreviations: A, ampulla; AG, accessory gland; BC, bursa copulatrix; FGM, female gland mass; P, penis; PR, prostate; RS, receptaculum seminis; UD, uterine duct; V, vagina.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF6901DFF2FFAC8FED1CC17" blockId="11.[151,1437,1335,2009]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFF2FFAC8FE12CF0B" bold="true" box="[199,449,1335,1361]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Internal morphology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFE27FAC8FD35CF0B" box="[463,742,1335,1361]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Buccal mass and radula.</emphasis>
|
||
The buccal mass is muscular and anteriorly connects to a thin labial cuticle which is devoid of armature or rodlets. The radula (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13242A1AFFF6901DFC97FAA4FC0ACF2C" box="[895,985,1371,1398]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1678,1702]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,740,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-54@12.[151,1436,740,1655]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Asteronotus namuro sp. nov. CASIZ 192297. Radula, scanning electron micrographs. A. Entire radula; B. Central teeth; C. Mid-lateral teeth; D. Outer lateral teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301503/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||
) is composed of predominantly smooth hamate teeth and has the radular formula 34 × 29.0.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE79B7AFFF6901DFD33FA80FCC6CFC3" box="[731,789,1407,1433]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.366" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="in" value="29.0">29 in</quantity>
|
||
the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A4883DFFF6901DFCADFA80FC74CFC3" box="[837,935,1407,1433]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
CASIZ 192297. The inner lateral teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13242A1AFFF6901DFA87FA80FF6ACFE4" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1678,1702]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,740,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-54@12.[151,1436,740,1655]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Asteronotus namuro sp. nov. CASIZ 192297. Radula, scanning electron micrographs. A. Entire radula; B. Central teeth; C. Mid-lateral teeth; D. Outer lateral teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301503/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
) are short with a broad base which abruptly curve at the cusp. The first tooth of the inner teeth has one to two triangular denticles along either the outer side of the cusp. The remainder of the inner laterals are smooth. The middle lateral teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13242A1AFFF6901DFEBAFA14FE7BCC5C" box="[338,424,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1678,1702]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,740,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-54@12.[151,1436,740,1655]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Asteronotus namuro sp. nov. CASIZ 192297. Radula, scanning electron micrographs. A. Entire radula; B. Central teeth; C. Mid-lateral teeth; D. Outer lateral teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301503/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
) are larger with a shorter, elongated narrow cusp and lack denticles. The outer lateral teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13242A1AFFF6901DFF48F9F0FF25CC70" box="[160,246,1551,1578]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1678,1702]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,740,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-54@12.[151,1436,740,1655]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Asteronotus namuro sp. nov. CASIZ 192297. Radula, scanning electron micrographs. A. Entire radula; B. Central teeth; C. Mid-lateral teeth; D. Outer lateral teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301503/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
) are also larger and slightly elongate, but have a shorter, rounder cusp than the middle laterals and also lack denticles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF6901DFF2FF9A8FE02CDC8" blockId="11.[151,1437,1335,2009]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFF2FF9A8FE66CC2B" box="[199,437,1623,1649]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Reproductive system.</emphasis>
|
||
A thin preampullary duct widens into a thick ampulla that abruptly narrows into the vas deferens and a short oviduct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13242A1AFFF6901DFE0AF984FDE8CCCF" box="[482,571,1659,1685]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1192,1216]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,707,1165]" captionTargetId="figure-279@11.[160,1427,704,1168]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Asteronotus, reproductive system. A. Asteronotus markaensis sp. nov. CASIZ 192316A(scale bar = 1mm).B. Asteronotus namuro sp. nov. CASIZ 192297 (scale bar = 1mm). Abbreviations: A, ampulla; AG, accessory gland; BC, bursa copulatrix; FGM, female gland mass; P, penis; PR, prostate; RS, receptaculum seminis; UD, uterine duct; V, vagina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301499/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The vas deferens widens into an ovoid prostate, which quickly narrows distally into a convoluted, elongate muscular ejaculatory portion. The ejaculatory portion connects with an elongate penis which shares a common genital atrium with the accessory gland and vagina. A narrow, elongate vagina enters a rounded bursa copulatrix that is larger than the prostate. A short, thick duct connects the bursa to the irregular receptaculum seminis, while the uterine duct also connects near the base of the receptaculum and enters the female gland mass. An irregular-shaped nodular accessory gland is connected to the common genital atrium by a convoluted, looping, elongate duct. Within the base of the accessory gland is an elongate, slightly curved accessory spine with a broad base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13242A1AFFF6901DFE83F888FE10CDC8" box="[363,451,1911,1938]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,655,679]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,631]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[152,1436,181,631]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Asteronotus. Accessory spines, light micrographs. A. Asteronotus markaensis sp. nov. CASIZ 192316A; B. Asteronotus namuro sp. nov. CASIZ 192297." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301501/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3056514FFF6901DFF2FF864FDA7CD83" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF6901DFF2FF864FDA7CD83" blockId="11.[151,1437,1335,2009]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFF2FF864FE9BCDEF" bold="true" box="[199,328,1947,1973]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. This species is named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF6901DFDBBF864FCE6CDEF" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[595,821,1947,1973]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF6901DFDBBF864FCE6CDEF" box="[595,821,1947,1973]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Asteronotus namuro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
after “namur” the Arabic word for tiger, since the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A4883DFFF6901DFA84F864FA4FCDEF" box="[1388,1436,1947,1973]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material is found around Tigerhead Island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF606617FFF1901AFF7FFD70FDFCC896" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301501" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4301501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301501/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[151,250,655,679]" targetBox="[152,1436,181,631]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF1901AFF7FFD70FDFCC896" blockId="12.[151,1436,655,716]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFF7FFD70FEC0C8F2" bold="true" box="[151,275,655,680]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF1901AFEF1FD6FFE42C8FD" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1831" box="[281,401,656,679]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFEF1FD6FFE42C8FD" box="[281,401,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Asteronotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Accessory spines, light micrographs.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFCF0FD70FCF9C8FD" bold="true" box="[792,810,655,679]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF1901AFCDFFD6FFBFBC8FD" authority="Donohoo & Gosliner, 2020" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[823,1064,655,679]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="markaensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFCDFFD6FFBFBC8FD" box="[823,1064,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Asteronotus markaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFBC7FD6FFB53C8F2" bold="true" box="[1071,1152,656,680]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857F6FFF1901AFBC7FD6FFB53C8F2" box="[1071,1152,656,680]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
CASIZ 192316A;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFAA9FD6FFA81C8F2" bold="true" box="[1345,1362,656,680]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF1901AFAB7FD6FFEFCC891" authority="Donohoo & Gosliner, 2020" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFAB7FD6FFEFCC891" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Asteronotus namuro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFEDDFD4BFE55C896" bold="true" box="[309,390,692,716]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857F6FFF1901AFEDDFD4BFE55C896" box="[309,390,692,716]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
CASIZ 192297.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF606617FFF1901AFF7FF971FD5ACC90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301503" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4301503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301503/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[151,250,1678,1702]" targetBox="[151,1436,740,1655]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF1901AFF7FF971FD5ACC90" blockId="12.[151,1437,1678,1738]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFF7FF971FEC0CCFC" bold="true" box="[151,275,1678,1702]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF1901AFEF1F971FE35CCFC" authority="Donohoo & Gosliner, 2020" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[281,486,1678,1702]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFEF1F971FE35CCFC" box="[281,486,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Asteronotus namuro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFE04F971FDEECCFC" bold="true" box="[492,573,1678,1702]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857F6FFF1901AFE04F971FDEECCFC" box="[492,573,1678,1702]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
CASIZ 192297. Radula, scanning electron micrographs.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFB6CF971FB45CCFC" bold="true" box="[1156,1174,1678,1702]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Entire radula;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFADCF971FA96CCFC" bold="true" box="[1332,1349,1678,1702]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Central teeth;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFF3EF94DFF3BCC90" bold="true" box="[214,232,1714,1738]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Mid-lateral teeth;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFE44F94DFE6DCC90" bold="true" box="[428,446,1714,1738]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Outer lateral teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3056514FFF1901AFF2FF907FC9BCD48" box="[199,840,1784,1811]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF1901AFF2FF907FC9BCD48" blockId="12.[151,1437,1784,2027]" box="[199,840,1784,1811]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFF2FF907FE2DCD48" bold="true" box="[199,510,1784,1810]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. The Saudi Arabian Red Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3056514FFF1901BFF2FF8E3FD65C897" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF1901BFF2FF8E3FC58CB47" blockId="12.[151,1437,1784,2027]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,717]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFF2FF8E3FEE7CD6C" bold="true" box="[199,308,1820,1846]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Our molecular phylogeny shows that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF1901AFD0DF8E2FC15CD6C" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[741,966,1821,1847]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFD0DF8E2FC15CD6C" box="[741,966,1821,1847]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Asteronotus namuro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sister to a clade that includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF1901AFAC6F8E2FF6FCD00" baseAuthorityName="Abraham" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFAC6F8E2FF6FCD00" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A. hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13242A1AFFF1901AFF24F8BFFEF2CD00" box="[204,289,1856,1882]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1677,1701]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-60@9.[151,1436,273,1654]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Asteronotus, living specimens. A. Asteronotus markaensis sp. nov. CASIZ 192316A, Saudi Arabian Red Sea; B. Asteronotus spongicolus CASIZ 194597, Philippines; C. Asteronotus mimeticus CASIZ 208221, Philippines; D. Asteronotus namuro sp. nov. CASIZ 192297, Saudi Arabian Red Sea; E. Asteronotus hepaticus, uncollected. F. Asteronotus cespitosus CA- SIZ 177226, Philippines. Photos (A–D, F by Terry Gosliner) and (E by Alicia Hermosillo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301489/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF1901AFE89F8BEFE27CD00" baseAuthorityName="van Hasselt" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[353,500,1857,1883]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cespitosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFE89F8BEFE27CD00" box="[353,500,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A. cespitosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13242A1AFFF1901AFDECF8BFFD89CD00" box="[516,602,1856,1882]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1677,1701]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-60@9.[151,1436,273,1654]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Asteronotus, living specimens. A. Asteronotus markaensis sp. nov. CASIZ 192316A, Saudi Arabian Red Sea; B. Asteronotus spongicolus CASIZ 194597, Philippines; C. Asteronotus mimeticus CASIZ 208221, Philippines; D. Asteronotus namuro sp. nov. CASIZ 192297, Saudi Arabian Red Sea; E. Asteronotus hepaticus, uncollected. F. Asteronotus cespitosus CA- SIZ 177226, Philippines. Photos (A–D, F by Terry Gosliner) and (E by Alicia Hermosillo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4301489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4301489/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ABGD and bPTP analyses within the clade supports
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF1901AFB1CF8BEFABACD00" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[1268,1385,1857,1883]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFB1CF8BEFABACD00" box="[1268,1385,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A. namuro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a distinct species since there is a minimum divergence of 16.60% between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF1901AFC3AF89AFB8ECD24" baseAuthorityName="Abraham" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[978,1117,1892,1919]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFC3AF89AFB8ECD24" box="[978,1117,1892,1919]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A. hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF1901AFB7DF89AFAD8CD24" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[1173,1291,1893,1919]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFB7DF89AFAD8CD24" box="[1173,1291,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A. namuro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as well as a minimum divergence of 14.55% between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF1901AFD8FF876FD2BCDF8" baseAuthorityName="van Hasselt" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[615,760,1929,1955]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cespitosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFD8FF876FD2BCDF8" box="[615,760,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A. cespitosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF1901AFCC4F876FC73CDF8" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[812,928,1929,1955]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFCC4F876FC73CDF8" box="[812,928,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A. namuro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for the COI gene. Due to the unavailability of additional specimens, intra-specific variation is not studied here; however,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF1901AFC32F852FB9CCD9C" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[986,1103,1965,1991]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF1901AFC32F852FB9CCD9C" box="[986,1103,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A. namuro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is supported as a distinct species based on the strong external and internal morphological differences combined with the large genetic divergence between sister taxa. Externally, the body coloration of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF0901BFD1EFF68FCB8CAEA" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[758,875,151,177]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF0901BFD1EFF68FCB8CAEA" box="[758,875,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. namuro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a pinkish pale red with red blotches and numerous red and white tubercles; whereas,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF0901BFDA2FF44FD06CA8F" baseAuthorityName="Abraham" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[586,725,187,213]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF0901BFDA2FF44FD06CA8F" box="[586,725,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a uniformly dark red color with scattered, minute tubercles, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF0901BFF2FFF20FE8ACAA2" baseAuthorityName="van Hasselt" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[199,345,223,249]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cespitosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF0901BFF2FFF20FE8ACAA2" box="[199,345,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. cespitosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
varies in color from yellow to various shades of brown and red with large irregular tubercles that may be fused together in groups (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6EFFF0901BFDE6FEFCFCF3CB47" author="Valdes, A. & Gosliner, T. M." box="[526,800,259,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="103 - 198" refId="ref21454" refString="Valdes, A. & Gosliner, T. M. (2001) Systematics and phylogeny of the caryophyllidia-bearing dorids (Mollusca, Nudibranchia), with descriptions of a new genus and four new species from Indo-Pacific deep waters. Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 133 (2), 103 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2001. tb 00689. x" type="journal article" year="2001">Valdés & Gosliner 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 1A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA0369FFFF0901BFF2FFED8FD65C897" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
The radula and reproductive system of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF0901BFD97FED8FCD9CB1B" baseAuthorityName="Abraham" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[639,778,295,321]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF0901BFD97FED8FCD9CB1B" box="[639,778,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are undescribed and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A4883DFFF0901BFBCAFED8FB57CB1B" box="[1058,1156,295,321]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
unavailable for morphological study. Furthermore, the reproductive system of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF0901BFCDDFEB4FC12CB3F" baseAuthorityName="Abraham" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[821,961,331,357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF0901BFCDDFEB4FC12CB3F" box="[821,961,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen used in this study could not be reliably described. Therefore, no internal comparisons were made between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF0901BFC33FE90FBB6CBD3" baseAuthorityName="Abraham" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[987,1125,367,393]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hepaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF0901BFC33FE90FBB6CBD3" box="[987,1125,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. hepaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF0901BFB72FE90FADDCBD2" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[1178,1294,367,393]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF0901BFB72FE90FADDCBD2" box="[1178,1294,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. namuro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The radular teeth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF0901BFF07FE6CFEB0CBF6" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[239,355,403,429]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF0901BFF07FE6CFEB0CBF6" box="[239,355,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. namuro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar to all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF0901BFDCAFE6CFD74CBF7" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1831" box="[546,679,403,429]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF0901BFDCAFE6CFD74CBF7" box="[546,679,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Asteronotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; however, there is a single triangular denticle on the first tooth in the inner lateral teeth and the outermost tooth is a reduced version of the rest of the outer lateral teeth. In contrast, none of the radular teeth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF0901BFE7CFE24FDF4CBAE" baseAuthorityName="van Hasselt" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[404,551,475,501]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cespitosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF0901BFE7CFE24FDF4CBAE" box="[404,551,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. cespitosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have denticles and the outermost tooth is elongate rather than simply reduced or an ovoid plate (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6EFFF0901BFE8EFE00FDA8C843" author="Valdes, A. & Gosliner, T. M." box="[358,635,511,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="103 - 198" refId="ref21454" refString="Valdes, A. & Gosliner, T. M. (2001) Systematics and phylogeny of the caryophyllidia-bearing dorids (Mollusca, Nudibranchia), with descriptions of a new genus and four new species from Indo-Pacific deep waters. Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 133 (2), 103 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2001. tb 00689. x" type="journal article" year="2001">Valdés & Gosliner 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 4). The reproductive system also varies as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF0901BFB7FFE00FADFC842" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[1175,1292,511,537]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF0901BFB7FFE00FADFC842" box="[1175,1292,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. namuro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a larger, rounded bursa copulatrix with a smaller ovoid prostate and an irregularly shaped receptaculum seminis; whereas,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF0901BFA6CFDDCFED9C83A" baseAuthorityName="van Hasselt" baseAuthorityYear="1824" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cespitosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF0901BFA6CFDDCFED9C83A" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. cespitosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a bursa copulatrix and prostate of a similar size with a smaller rounded receptaculum seminis (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6EFFF0901BFAB8FDB8FE8BC8DF" author="Valdes, A. & Gosliner, T. M." pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="103 - 198" refId="ref21454" refString="Valdes, A. & Gosliner, T. M. (2001) Systematics and phylogeny of the caryophyllidia-bearing dorids (Mollusca, Nudibranchia), with descriptions of a new genus and four new species from Indo-Pacific deep waters. Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 133 (2), 103 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2001. tb 00689. x" type="journal article" year="2001">Valdés & Gosliner 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 3B). Additionally, the accessory gland in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF0901BFC8CFD94FC09C8DE" authorityName="Donohoo & Gosliner" authorityYear="2020" box="[868,986,619,645]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="namuro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF0901BFC8CFD94FC09C8DE" box="[868,986,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. namuro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is elongate and irregular with a slightly curved accessory spine; whereas,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D1CFFF0901BFDFCFD70FD74C8F2" baseAuthorityName="van Hasselt" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[532,679,655,681]" class="Gastropoda" family="Discodorididae" genus="Asteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cespitosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96BEA8DFFF0901BFDFCFD70FD74C8F2" box="[532,679,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. cespitosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a more regular shaped accessory gland with a thin, straight accessory spine (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B6EFFF0901BFED4FD4CFD9DC897" author="Valdes, A. & Gosliner, T. M." box="[316,590,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="103 - 198" refId="ref21454" refString="Valdes, A. & Gosliner, T. M. (2001) Systematics and phylogeny of the caryophyllidia-bearing dorids (Mollusca, Nudibranchia), with descriptions of a new genus and four new species from Indo-Pacific deep waters. Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 133 (2), 103 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2001. tb 00689. x" type="journal article" year="2001">Valdés & Gosliner 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 5E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |