432 lines
48 KiB
XML
432 lines
48 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F6695BB965393261DE331B5293D4C993">An update to the taxonomy of the genus Macroderes Westwood 1842 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with descriptions of new species from South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="41DA61A937A200FF76200495C3AEA454">Abdalla, Ishtiag H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FB318ABF8CCD5E3A8FD25597C9AB2BAD">Deschodt, Christian M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="89357D1FFDF151E8E73E5FB5E6C013FE">Scholtz, Clarke H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2C7C81B6271B18994187D626854831B5">Sole, Catherine L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="641B1CA194E777CA324E4A7A085F9EA8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="B276DC1EFFB1FFF3FF0DFB60FD9E0420" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5996742" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154494813" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5996742" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B276DC1EFFB1FFF3FF0DFB60FD9E0420" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B276DC1EFFB1FFF3FF0DFB60FD9E0420" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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<heading id="6128DA64FFB1FFF5FF0DFB60FD6401EF" bold="true" box="[151,694,1168,1194]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB1FFF5FF0DFB60FD6401EF" ID-CoL="3X4TQ" authority="Frolov & Scholtz, 2005" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityYear="2005" box="[151,694,1168,1194]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
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<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB1FFF5FF0DFB60FD6401EF" bold="true" box="[151,694,1168,1194]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB1FFF5FF0DFB60FE4201EF" bold="true" box="[151,400,1168,1194]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Macroderes minutus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5E4E10F9FFB1FFF5FE02FB60FD6401EF" author="Frolov, A. V. & Scholtz, C. H." box="[408,694,1168,1194]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" pagination="373 - 393" refId="ref21694" refString="Frolov, A. V. & Scholtz, C. H. (2005) Revision of the southern African genus Macroderes Westwood (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 40 (3 - 4), 373 - 393. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00379271.2004.10697429" type="journal article" year="2005">Frolov & Scholtz, 2005</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="72C53E83FFB1FFF5FF0DFB43FE85018E" box="[151,343,1203,1228]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3A606D08FFB1FFF5FF0DFB43FE85018E" blockId="19.[151,694,1168,1228]" box="[151,343,1203,1228]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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(
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<figureCitation id="A2E4718DFFB1FFF5FF05FB43FF29018E" box="[159,251,1203,1228]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1359,1382]" captionTargetBox="[309,1210,215,1332]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[304,1264,195,1332]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11–14. Habitus of Macroderes species. 11, M. minutus Frolov & Scholtz, 2005; 12, M. mutilans Kolbe, 1908; 13, M. namakwanus Frolov & Scholtz, 2005; 14, M. nitidus Harold, 1877." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2606172/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A2E4718DFFB1FFF5FE9DFB43FEF70189" box="[263,293,1203,1228]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–57" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1716,1739]" captionTargetBox="[171,1412,295,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[171,1412,295,1697]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 52–57. Lateral side of pronotum (52, 53, 57), lateral elytra intervals (54, 55) and head in dorsal view (56) of Macroderes species. 52, M. politulus Preudhomme de Borre, 1880; 53, M. minutus Frolov & Scholtz, 2005; 54, M. fornicatus Sharp, 1880; 55, 57, M. bias (Olivier, 1789); 56, M. undulatus Preudhomme de Borre, 1880." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2606186/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">53</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A2E4718DFFB1FFF5FEABFB43FE9C018E" box="[305,334,1203,1227]" captionStart="FIGURES 88–93" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1292,1315]" captionTargetBox="[316,1276,183,1264]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[316,1276,183,1264]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 88–93. Pronotum punctures shape (88, 89) and sculpture of second elytra intervals (90–93) of Macroderes species. 88, M. soleiana Abdalla & Deschodt, new species; 89, M. tourtosus Abdalla and Scholtz, new species; 90, M. minutus Frolov and Scholtz, 2005; 91, M. greeni (Kirby, 1818); 92, M. politulus Preudhomme de Borre, 1880; 93, M. gifboomi Abdalla & Scholtz, new species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2606202/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">90</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="72C53E83FFB1FFF5FF0DFB04FD47004F" box="[151,661,1268,1290]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="3A606D08FFB1FFF5FF0DFB04FD47004F" blockId="19.[151,661,1268,1290]" box="[151,661,1268,1290]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB1FFF5FF0DFB04FD43004F" ID-CoL="3X4TQ" authority="Frolov & Scholtz, 2005: 385" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityPageNumber="385" authorityYear="2005" box="[151,657,1268,1290]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
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<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB1FFF5FF0DFB04FEB7004F" box="[151,357,1268,1290]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Macroderes minutus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="BB7E4B19FFB1FFF5FEF6FB04FD43004F" author="Frolov, A. V. & Scholtz, C. H." box="[364,657,1268,1290]" page="385" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" year="2005">
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<bibRefCitation id="5E4E10F9FFB1FFF5FEF6FB04FD8D004F" author="Frolov, A. V. & Scholtz, C. H." box="[364,607,1268,1290]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" pagination="373 - 393" refId="ref21694" refString="Frolov, A. V. & Scholtz, C. H. (2005) Revision of the southern African genus Macroderes Westwood (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 40 (3 - 4), 373 - 393. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00379271.2004.10697429" type="journal article" year="2005">Frolov & Scholtz, 2005</bibRefCitation>
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: 385
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="72C53E83FFB1FFF5FF0DFAC0FA5F0205" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB1FFF5FF0DFAC0FEE7000C" bold="true" box="[151,309,1328,1353]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Type locality.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="42C82D98FFB1FFF5FEA6FAC0FEA7000D" box="[316,373,1328,1352]" name="South Africa" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">RSA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="F81BA3EAFFB1FFF5FE1AFAC1FDCE000D" box="[384,540,1328,1352]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
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Prov,
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SW of Lutzville.
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<paragraph id="3A606D08FFB1FFF5FF5DFAA4FCD00258" blockId="19.[151,1436,1328,2037]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB1FFF5FF5DFAA4FE3E0028" bold="true" box="[199,492,1364,1389]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Type material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="8AB76755FFB1FFF5FE67FAA4FBBE00F0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137800" collectingDate="2003-09" collectionCode="TMSA" collectorName="C. Deschodt" country="South Africa" latitude="-31.672499" location="Prov" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.230583" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB1FFF5FE67FAA4FDBA0028" box="[509,616,1364,1389]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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,
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<specimenCount id="2CD9A681FFB1FFF5FDEFFAA5FD580029" box="[629,650,1365,1388]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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(
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<collectionCode id="5CCEF5CDFFB1FFF5FD06FAA5FD230028" box="[668,753,1365,1389]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s8gp-ktsi" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">TMSA</collectionCode>
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): “
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<collectingCountry id="42C82D98FFB1FFF5FC8AFAA5FC9B0028" box="[784,841,1365,1389]" name="South Africa" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">RSA</collectingCountry>
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/
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<collectingRegion id="F81BA3EAFFB1FFF5FCF9FAA5FBD30028" box="[867,1025,1365,1389]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
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/
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<locationDeviation id="2BD2742AFFB1FFF5FBC0FAA4FAB40028" box="[1114,1382,1364,1389]" location="Lutzville" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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SW of Lutzville
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</locationDeviation>
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/ A. Frolov &
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<collectorName id="972A08DEFFB1FFF5FE9FFA88FE4200D4" box="[261,400,1400,1425]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">C. Deschodt</collectorName>
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leg [printed] // AF–0046 (26) / 6–1 0.
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<date id="4E614BC8FFB1FFF5FCA2FA88FC4A00D5" box="[824,920,1400,1424]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" value="2003-09">
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<collectingDate id="5E25B220FFB1FFF5FCA2FA88FC4A00D5" box="[824,920,1400,1424]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" value="2003-09">IX.2003</collectingDate>
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/
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<geoCoordinate id="5FEB0BCFFFB1FFF5FBFBFA89FACE00D4" box="[1121,1308,1400,1425]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" precision="1" value="18.230583">E 018° 13' 50.10</geoCoordinate>
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[printed] //
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<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB1FFF5FF0DFA6DFEEF00F0" box="[151,317,1437,1461]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">HOLOTYPUS</typeStatus>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB1FFF5FEC3FA6CFD9000F1" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityYear="2005" box="[345,578,1436,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
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<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB1FFF5FEC3FA6CFD9000F1" box="[345,578,1436,1460]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Macroderes minutus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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/ Frolov & Scholtz / 2003 [red label, printed]”
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="8AB76755FFB1FFF5FBE3FA6DFD82009C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137777" collectingDate="2003-09" collectionCode="UPSA, TMSA" collectorName="C. Deschodt" country="South Africa" latitude="-31.672499" location="Prov" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.230583" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB1FFF5FBE3FA6DFB3900F0" box="[1145,1259,1437,1461]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCount id="2CD9A681FFB1FFF5FB62FA6DFAE800F1" box="[1272,1338,1437,1461]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
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(
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<collectionCode id="5CCEF5CDFFB1FFF5FAD6FA6DFA4A00F0" box="[1356,1432,1437,1461]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/73qr-ciny" name="University of Pretoria" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">UPSA</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="5CCEF5CDFFB1FFF5FF0DFA30FF34009D" box="[151,230,1472,1496]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s8gp-ktsi" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">TMSA</collectionCode>
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) with the same data as holotype
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="8AB76755FFB1FFF5FDC1FA30FE960364" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137784" collectingDate="1987-09-12" collectionCode="TMSA" collectorName="Endrody-Younga" country="South Africa" latitude="-31.7" location="Zandkraal" longLatPrecision="1214" longitude="18.766666" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="2CD9A681FFB1FFF5FDC1FA30FD56009D" box="[603,644,1472,1496]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="5CCEF5CDFFB1FFF5FD09FA30FD3A009D" box="[659,744,1472,1496]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s8gp-ktsi" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
): “
|
||
<location id="3F003BD3FFB1FFF5FC9EFA30FCAA009C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B276DC1EFFB1FFF3FF0DFB60FD9E0420:3F003BD3FFB1FFF5FC9EFA30FCAA009C" box="[772,888,1472,1497]" country="South Africa" latitude="-31.7" longLatPrecision="1214" longitude="18.766666" name="Zandkraal" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Zandkraal</location>
|
||
farm /
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5FEB0BCFFFB1FFF5FC53FA30FBFC009D" box="[969,1070,1472,1496]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" precision="925" value="-31.7">31° 42' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5FEB0BCFFFB1FFF5FBAFFA30FB4E009D" box="[1077,1180,1472,1497]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" precision="925" value="18.766666">18° 46' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="4E614BC8FFB1FFF5FB28FA30FAE3009D" box="[1202,1329,1472,1496]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" value="1987-09-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="5E25B220FFB1FFF5FB28FA30FAE3009D" box="[1202,1329,1472,1496]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" value="1987-09-12">12.IX.1987</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
/ coarsesandy flat /
|
||
<collectorName id="972A08DEFFB1FFF5FE87FA14FE3D00B8" box="[285,495,1508,1533]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Endrödy—Younga</collectorName>
|
||
leg [printed] //
|
||
<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB1FFF5FD38FA15FC9200B8" box="[674,832,1509,1533]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">PARATYPUS</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB1FFF5FCCDFA14FBEF00B9" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityYear="2005" box="[855,1085,1508,1532]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB1FFF5FCCDFA14FBEF00B9" box="[855,1085,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Macroderes minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Frolov & Scholtz / 2003 [red label, printed]”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="8AB76755FFB1FFF5FED5F9F8FED2032C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137778" collectingDate="1979-08-27" collectionCode="TMSA" collectorName="Endrody-Younga" country="South Africa" latitude="-31.066668" location="Nuwerust" longLatPrecision="1218" longitude="18.283333" municipality="Namaqualand" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="2CD9A681FFB1FFF5FED5F9F8FEAB0365" box="[335,377,1544,1568]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="5CCEF5CDFFB1FFF5FE12F9F8FE0F0365" box="[392,477,1544,1568]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s8gp-ktsi" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
): “
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="DA04F772FFB1FFF5FE63F9F8FD450364" box="[505,663,1544,1569]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Namaqualand</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<location id="3F003BD3FFB1FFF5FD37F9F9FCC80365" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B276DC1EFFB1FFF3FF0DFB60FD9E0420:3F003BD3FFB1FFF5FD37F9F9FCC80365" box="[685,794,1545,1568]" country="South Africa" latitude="-31.066668" longLatPrecision="1218" longitude="18.283333" municipality="Namaqualand" name="Nuwerust" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Nuwerust</location>
|
||
farm /
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5FEB0BCFFFB1FFF5FCF6F9F8FC000365" box="[876,978,1544,1568]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" precision="925" value="-31.066668">31° 04' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5FEB0BCFFFB1FFF5FC43F9F8FB920365" box="[985,1088,1544,1568]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" precision="925" value="18.283333">18° 17' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="4E614BC8FFB1FFF5FBCCF9F8FB3A0365" box="[1110,1256,1544,1568]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" value="1979-08-27">
|
||
<collectingDate id="5E25B220FFB1FFF5FBCCF9F8FB3A0365" box="[1110,1256,1544,1568]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" value="1979-08-27">27.VIII.1979</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
/ singled on red sand /
|
||
<collectorName id="972A08DEFFB1FFF5FF7AF9DCFE600300" box="[224,434,1580,1605]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Endrödy—Younga</collectorName>
|
||
leg [printed] //
|
||
<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB1FFF5FDF9F9DDFCD30300" box="[611,769,1581,1605]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">PARATYPUS</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB1FFF5FC8DF9DCFC2E0301" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityYear="2005" box="[791,1020,1580,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB1FFF5FC8DF9DCFC2E0301" box="[791,1020,1580,1604]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Macroderes minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Frolov & Scholtz / 2003 [red label, printed]”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="8AB76755FFB1FFF5FE97F9A0FB1403C8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137794" collectingDate="2003-09-03" collectingDateMax="2003-09-11" collectingDateMin="2003-09-03" collectionCode="UPSA" collectorName="Deschodt" country="South Africa" latitude="-30.966667" location="Rietpoort" longLatPrecision="1218" longitude="17.983334" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="2CD9A681FFB1FFF5FE97F9A0FE9D032D" box="[269,335,1616,1640]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="5CCEF5CDFFB1FFF5FEFBF9A0FE7D032D" box="[353,431,1616,1640]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/73qr-ciny" name="University of Pretoria" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">UPSA</collectionCode>
|
||
): “
|
||
<quantity id="FD27C0EDFFB1FFF5FE4AF9A0FDDF032C" box="[464,525,1616,1641]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
W of
|
||
<location id="3F003BD3FFB1FFF5FDC1F9A0FD17032C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B276DC1EFFB1FFF3FF0DFB60FD9E0420:3F003BD3FFB1FFF5FDC1F9A0FD17032C" box="[603,709,1616,1641]" country="South Africa" latitude="-30.966667" longLatPrecision="1218" longitude="17.983334" name="Rietpoort" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Rietpoort</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5FEB0BCFFFB1FFF5FD7AF9A0FC9E032D" box="[736,844,1616,1641]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" precision="925" value="-30.966667">30° 58' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5FEB0BCFFFB1FFF5FCCFF9A0FC10032D" box="[853,962,1616,1641]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" precision="925" value="17.983334">17° 59' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="4E614BC8FFB1FFF5FC47F9A0FBA5032D" box="[989,1143,1616,1640]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" value="2003-09-03" valueMax="2003-09-11" valueMin="2003-09-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="5E25B220FFB1FFF5FC47F9A0FBA5032D" box="[989,1143,1616,1640]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" value="2003-09-03" valueMax="2003-09-11" valueMin="2003-09-03">3–11.IX.2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
/ Frolov &
|
||
<collectorName id="972A08DEFFB1FFF5FA9CF9A0FAA2032C" box="[1286,1392,1616,1641]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Deschodt</collectorName>
|
||
leg [printed] //
|
||
<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB1FFF5FE82F985FE6703C8" box="[280,437,1653,1677]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">PARATYPUS</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB1FFF5FE56F984FD6003C9" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityYear="2005" box="[460,690,1652,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB1FFF5FE56F984FD6003C9" box="[460,690,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Macroderes minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Frolov & Scholtz / 2003 [red label, printed]”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="8AB76755FFB1FFF5FB4BF985FB880390" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137808" collectingDate="1985-09-11" collectionCode="TMSA" collectorName="Endrody-Younga" country="South Africa" latitude="-30.95" location="Bitterfontein" longLatPrecision="1218" longitude="18.216667" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="2CD9A681FFB1FFF5FB4BF985FB2E03C9" box="[1233,1276,1653,1677]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="5CCEF5CDFFB1FFF5FA96F985FAB303C8" box="[1292,1377,1653,1677]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s8gp-ktsi" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">TMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
): “
|
||
<quantity id="FD27C0EDFFB1FFF5FAE5F985FF6903F4" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||
N of
|
||
<location id="3F003BD3FFB1FFF5FE90F968FE4B03F4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B276DC1EFFB1FFF3FF0DFB60FD9E0420:3F003BD3FFB1FFF5FE90F968FE4B03F4" box="[266,409,1688,1713]" country="South Africa" latitude="-30.95" longLatPrecision="1218" longitude="18.216667" name="Bitterfontein" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Bitterfontein</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5FEB0BCFFFB1FFF5FE22F968FDFA03F5" box="[440,552,1688,1713]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" precision="925" value="-30.95">30° 57' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5FEB0BCFFFB1FFF5FDAEF968FD7703F5" box="[564,677,1688,1712]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" precision="925" value="18.216667">18° 13' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="4E614BC8FFB1FFF5FD5EF968FC9003F4" box="[708,834,1688,1713]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" value="1985-09-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="5E25B220FFB1FFF5FD5EF968FC9003F4" box="[708,834,1688,1713]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" value="1985-09-11">11.IX.1985</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
/ from sand pit /
|
||
<collectorName id="972A08DEFFB1FFF5FBBAF968FB3603F4" box="[1056,1252,1688,1713]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Endrödy–Younga</collectorName>
|
||
leg [printed] //
|
||
<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB1FFF5FF0DF94DFEE70390" box="[151,309,1725,1749]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">PARATYPUS</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB1FFF5FED5F94CFDE40391" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityYear="2005" box="[335,566,1724,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB1FFF5FED5F94CFDE40391" box="[335,566,1724,1748]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Macroderes minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Frolov & Scholtz / 2003 [red label, printed]”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="8AB76755FFB1FFF5FBFDF94DFD2C0258" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137811" collectingDate="2003-09-05" collectingDateMax="2003-09-11" collectingDateMin="2003-09-05" collectionCode="UPSA" collectorName="Deschodt" country="South Africa" latitude="-31.383333" location="Vanrhynsdorp" longLatPrecision="1216" longitude="18.633333" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="2CD9A681FFB1FFF5FBFDF94DFB410391" box="[1127,1171,1725,1749]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="5CCEF5CDFFB1FFF5FB3FF94DFB210390" box="[1189,1267,1725,1749]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/73qr-ciny" name="University of Pretoria" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">UPSA</collectionCode>
|
||
): “
|
||
<quantity id="FD27C0EDFFB1FFF5FA89F94CFA8C0390" box="[1299,1374,1724,1749]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
|
||
N of
|
||
<location id="3F003BD3FFB1FFF5FF0DF910FEE603BC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B276DC1EFFB1FFF3FF0DFB60FD9E0420:3F003BD3FFB1FFF5FF0DF910FEE603BC" box="[151,308,1760,1785]" country="South Africa" latitude="-31.383333" longLatPrecision="1216" longitude="18.633333" name="Vanrhynsdorp" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Vanrhynsdorp</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5FEB0BCFFFB1FFF5FED3F910FE7C03BD" box="[329,430,1760,1784]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" precision="925" value="-31.383333">31° 23' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5FEB0BCFFFB1FFF5FE2EF910FDC903BD" box="[436,539,1760,1784]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" precision="925" value="18.633333">18° 38' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="4E614BC8FFB1FFF5FDAAF910FD1803BC" box="[560,714,1760,1785]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" value="2003-09-05" valueMax="2003-09-11" valueMin="2003-09-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="5E25B220FFB1FFF5FDAAF910FD1803BC" box="[560,714,1760,1785]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" value="2003-09-05" valueMax="2003-09-11" valueMin="2003-09-05">5–11.IX.2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
/ Frolov &
|
||
<collectorName id="972A08DEFFB1FFF5FCD7F910FC6503BC" box="[845,951,1760,1785]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Deschodt</collectorName>
|
||
leg [printed] //
|
||
<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB1FFF5FBFEF910FAD003BD" box="[1124,1282,1760,1784]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">PARATYPUS</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB1FFF5FA8DF910FF220259" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB1FFF5FA8DF910FF220259" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Macroderes minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Frolov & Scholtz / 2003 [red label, printed]”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A606D08FFB1FFF5FF5DF8D8FA5F0205" blockId="19.[151,1436,1328,2037]" box="[199,1421,1832,1857]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB1FFF5FF5DF8D8FE9B0204" bold="true" box="[199,329,1832,1857]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Size range.</emphasis>
|
||
Males length: 7.0–
|
||
<quantity id="FD27C0EDFFB1FFF5FDB9F8D8FDA80205" box="[547,634,1832,1856]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="8.9">8.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width:
|
||
<quantity id="FD27C0EDFFB1FFF5FD4EF8D8FC8C0205" box="[724,862,1832,1857]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="5.7" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="6.3" valueMin="5.7">5.7–6.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
; females length:
|
||
<quantity id="FD27C0EDFFB1FFF5FB86F8D8FB770205" box="[1052,1189,1832,1857]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" metricValueMax="8.9" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="8.7" valueMax="8.9" valueMin="8.5">8.5–8.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width: 5.0–
|
||
<quantity id="FD27C0EDFFB1FFF5FAABF8D8FA5B0205" box="[1329,1417,1832,1857]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="5.9">5.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="72C53E83FFB1FFF5FF5DF8BCFD7602E8" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="3A606D08FFB1FFF5FF5DF8BCFD7602E8" blockId="19.[151,1436,1328,2037]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB1FFF5FF5DF8BCFE000220" bold="true" box="[199,466,1868,1893]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This species can be separated from others in the group by having ovoid pronotal punctures which are relatively close together (between 1 and 1.5 puncture diameters along the minor axis) and the seta associated with each puncture being short.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="72C53E83FFB1FFF5FF5DF848FB4B02B0" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="3A606D08FFB1FFF5FF5DF848FB4B02B0" blockId="19.[151,1436,1328,2037]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB1FFF5FF5DF848FE2C0294" bold="true" box="[199,510,1976,2001]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Habitat and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
This species occurs on the Namaqualand Strandveld vegetation
|
||
<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB1FFF5FB65F849FAFD0294" box="[1279,1327,1977,2001]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2E4718DFFB1FFF5FADEF848FA5C0295" box="[1348,1422,1976,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1574,1596]" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution map of Macroderes species." pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Specimens were collected in habitats featuring deep sand (Deschodt, personal observation).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="6EA03D80FFB6FFF2FF0DF995FF35039D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2606198/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" startId="20.[151,264,1637,1660]" targetBox="[171,1423,205,1613]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="3A606D08FFB6FFF2FF0DF995FF35039D" blockId="20.[151,1437,1637,1752]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB6FFF2FF0DF995FE87033E" bold="true" box="[151,341,1637,1660]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">FIGURES 76–81.</emphasis>
|
||
Punctuation of the base of pronotum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB6FFF2FD67F996FCA70339" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1842" box="[765,885,1638,1660]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB6FFF2FD67F996FCA70339" box="[765,885,1638,1660]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">Macroderes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. 76,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB6FFF2FC67F997FA4A0339" authority="Abdalla & Deschodt" authorityName="Abdalla & Deschodt & Scholtz & Sole" authorityYear="2018" box="[1021,1432,1638,1660]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cederbergensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB6FFF2FC67F997FB6B0339" box="[1021,1209,1638,1660]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">M. cederbergensis</emphasis>
|
||
Abdalla & Deschodt
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="13980C61FFB6FFF2FF0DF976FEC503DE" box="[151,279,1669,1691]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; 77,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB6FFF2FED5F976FD4C03DE" authority="Abdalla & Scholtz" authorityName="Abdalla & Deschodt & Scholtz & Sole" authorityYear="2018" box="[335,670,1669,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gifboomi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB6FFF2FED5F976FE1C03DE" box="[335,462,1669,1691]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">M. gifboomi</emphasis>
|
||
Abdalla & Scholtz
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="13980C61FFB6FFF2FD37F976FCFF03DE" box="[685,813,1669,1691]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; 78,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB6FFF2FCFFF976FB6803DE" authority="Abdalla & Deschodt" authorityName="Abdalla & Deschodt & Scholtz & Sole" authorityYear="2018" box="[869,1210,1669,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oreatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB6FFF2FCFFF976FC0403DE" box="[869,982,1670,1691]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">M. oreatus</emphasis>
|
||
Abdalla & Deschodt
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="13980C61FFB6FFF2FB52F976FA9A03DE" box="[1224,1352,1669,1691]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; 79,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB6FFF2FA1AF976FE8B03FC" authority="Abdalla" authorityName="Abdalla & Deschodt & Scholtz & Sole" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porselinus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB6FFF2FA1AF976FED303FC" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">M. porselinus</emphasis>
|
||
Abdalla
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="13980C61FFB6FFF2FEF9F954FE0E03FC" box="[355,476,1699,1721]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; 80,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB6FFF2FD8FF954FCB603FC" authority="Abdalla & Deschodt" authorityName="Abdalla & Deschodt & Scholtz & Sole" authorityYear="2018" box="[533,868,1699,1721]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soleiana" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB6FFF2FD8FF954FD5E03FC" box="[533,652,1699,1721]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">M. soleiana</emphasis>
|
||
Abdalla & Deschodt
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="13980C61FFB6FFF2FCF4F954FC3803FC" box="[878,1002,1699,1721]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; 81,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB6FFF2FB80F954FABA03FC" authority="Abdalla & Deschodt" authorityName="Abdalla & Deschodt & Scholtz & Sole" authorityYear="2018" box="[1050,1384,1699,1721]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leipoldti" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB6FFF2FB80F954FB5D03FC" box="[1050,1167,1699,1721]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">M. leipoldti</emphasis>
|
||
Abdalla & Deschodt
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="13980C61FFB6FFF2FAE8F954FF36039D" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="72C53E83FFB6FFF3FF5DF8D9FD9E0420" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="3A606D08FFB6FFF3FF5DF8D9FBE50590" blockId="20.[151,1437,1833,2038]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB6FFF2FF5DF8D9FEE90207" bold="true" box="[199,315,1833,1858]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E4E10F9FFB6FFF2FEDDF8D9FDB80207" author="Frolov, A. V. & Scholtz, C. H." box="[327,618,1833,1858]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" pagination="373 - 393" refId="ref21694" refString="Frolov, A. V. & Scholtz, C. H. (2005) Revision of the southern African genus Macroderes Westwood (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 40 (3 - 4), 373 - 393. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00379271.2004.10697429" type="journal article" year="2005">Frolov & Scholtz (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
tentatively lumped specimens from extreme localities and vegetation
|
||
<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB6FFF2FF0DF8BEFF070223" box="[151,213,1870,1894]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, such as Lutzville (Namaqualand Strandveld), Knersvlakte (Central Knersvlakte Vygieveld) and the top of the Cederberg range (Cederberg Sandstone Fynbos) together. Electron micrographs of specimens in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB6FFF2FA9FF882FAE702CF" box="[1285,1333,1906,1930]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB6FFF2FF0DF866FEC402E8" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityYear="2005" box="[151,278,1942,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB6FFF2FF0DF866FEC402E8" box="[151,278,1942,1965]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">M. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from different localities and further
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB6FFF2FD2CF866FCE702E8" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityYear="2005" box="[694,821,1942,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB6FFF2FD2CF866FCE702E8" box="[694,821,1942,1965]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">M. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
material collected subsequent to the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB6FFF2FAE7F866FF220294" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB6FFF2FAE7F866FF220294" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">M. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were compared. It seems that the complex has been subjected to microhabitat speciation (speciation where species are still morphologically similar and geographical neighbour, but separated from each other by occupying different habitat
|
||
<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB7FFF3FEC0FF68FE4705F5" box="[346,405,152,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="62">types</typeStatus>
|
||
such as soil and/or vegetation
|
||
<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB7FFF3FC93FF68FCEC05F5" box="[777,830,152,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="62">type</typeStatus>
|
||
). Here we split the complex into three independent species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB7FFF3FF62FF4DFEA40591" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityYear="2005" box="[248,374,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB7FFF3FF62FF4DFEA40591" box="[248,374,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="62">M. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB7FFF3FE1EFF4DFD830591" authority="Abdalla & Deschodt & Scholtz & Sole, 2018" authorityName="Abdalla & Deschodt & Scholtz & Sole" authorityYear="2018" box="[388,593,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cederbergensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB7FFF3FE1EFF4DFD830591" box="[388,593,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="62">M. cederbergensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="13980C61FFB7FFF3FDC3FF4DFD0D0590" box="[601,735,188,213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB7FFF3FC8FFF4DFC4B0591" authority="Abdalla & Deschodt & Scholtz & Sole, 2018" authorityName="Abdalla & Deschodt & Scholtz & Sole" authorityYear="2018" box="[789,921,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leipoldti" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB7FFF3FC8FFF4DFC4B0591" box="[789,921,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="62">M. leipoldti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="13980C61FFB7FFF3FC05FF4DFBF90590" box="[927,1067,188,213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A606D08FFB7FFF3FF5DFF2FFD9E0420" blockId="21.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="21" pageNumber="62">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB7FFF3FF63FF2FFE8905BD" box="[249,347,223,248]" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB7FFF3FEE5FF11FE2F05B2" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityYear="2005" box="[383,509,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB7FFF3FEE5FF11FE2F05B2" box="[383,509,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="62">M. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is from near Lutzville [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5FEB0BCFFFB7FFF3FC9EFF10FC8C05BD" box="[772,862,224,248]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="-31.55">31°33'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5FEB0BCFFFB7FFF3FCFFFF10FC1305BD" box="[869,961,224,248]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="18.333334">18°20'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
] and thus, specimens from there should be considered to be true
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB7FFF3FE16FEF5FDDE0459" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityYear="2005" box="[396,524,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB7FFF3FE16FEF5FDDE0459" box="[396,524,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="62">M. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Since the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDDF168BFFB7FFF3FCB5FEF5FB390458" authority="in Frolov & Scholtz (2005)" authorityName="in Frolov & Scholtz" authorityYear="2005" box="[815,1259,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Macroderes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08ABB11AFFB7FFF3FCB5FEF5FC7C0459" box="[815,942,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="62">M. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E4E10F9FFB7FFF3FC4EFEF4FB390458" author="Frolov, A. V. & Scholtz, C. H." box="[980,1259,260,285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" pagination="373 - 393" refId="ref21694" refString="Frolov, A. V. & Scholtz, C. H. (2005) Revision of the southern African genus Macroderes Westwood (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 40 (3 - 4), 373 - 393. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00379271.2004.10697429" type="journal article" year="2005">Frolov & Scholtz (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is based on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E564D3AAFFB7FFF3FF0DFED7FF2E0405" box="[151,252,295,320]" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, that species description is still applicable and need no changes, only the amended type series and short notes on its distribution are given here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |