744 lines
92 KiB
XML
744 lines
92 KiB
XML
<document id="084BAEC4A13FDCBB1B05E34250F331F1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5497951" ID-ZooBank="0C2AFB68-79AE-4A9E-B09F-341828F93792" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1631200378483" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zabulev, Ilya A." docDate="2021" docId="03C6E508FFA3DC7DA3E7C8BD2D0AFB63" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5032.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5032 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Anthonomus conspersus Desbrochers des Loges 1868" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="472" masterDocId="FFFF9D70FFB3DC68A370CD53282AFFC2" masterDocTitle="Contribution to the knowledge of the immature stages of Palaearctic species of the genus Anthonomus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="488" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="467" updateTime="1699406233850" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="417BF686C109A2EA8A9B6B6A4EFED5FD">
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<mods:title id="52C7788753F5FC367FEBC6366AB33CB6">Contribution to the knowledge of the immature stages of Palaearctic species of the genus Anthonomus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D37134780109541D2D563FA551B4A774" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="DF3A8E199497FB9EDB56F0CB1CA57B38">Zabulev, Ilya A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1CBE57536CE24EB1440D2D4E5015CC44">A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninskiy Prospect, Moscow, 119071 Russia.; fatsiccor 66 @ mail. ru</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="8E41DA526C02EFD4F1DE11AAC7B0871E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="47CFB58578BF4CF17DDA2EDBF4056497">
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<mods:date id="E24CB7B17F0C102529C6B0890C69CBED">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="05B6794DBC5CD896F7401BD8CADBE197">2021-09-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2C7FA0D0110ADBB4D0BCA082464B9264">5032</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2649505EBB17C6D5781F84E01987360C">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="955050D8EDE27AC825D64036A05D5E7A">451</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="676DE982E8CF2E905AF29B8BDAF94247" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="54BD2913E4BF22C0764504EEDB4C1FF4" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C6E508FFA3DC7DA3E7C8BD2D0AFB63" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5498958" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5498958" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C6E508FFA3DC7DA3E7C8BD2D0AFB63" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C6E508FFA3DC7DA3E7C8BD2D0AFB63" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="472" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
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<subSubSection id="C3750795FFA3DC78A3E7C8BD2BA0F9CA" box="[151,906,1518,1545]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA3DC78A3E7C8BD2BA0F9CA" blockId="16.[151,906,1518,1581]" box="[151,906,1518,1545]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
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<heading id="D098E372FFA3DC78A3E7C8BD2BA0F9CA" bold="true" box="[151,906,1518,1545]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA3DC78A3E7C8BD2BA0F9CA" ID-CoL="67DGT" authority="Desbrochers des Loges, 1868" authorityName="Desbrochers des Loges" authorityYear="1868" box="[151,906,1518,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anthonomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersus">
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<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA3DC78A3E7C8BD2BA0F9CA" bold="true" box="[151,906,1518,1545]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
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<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA3DC78A3E7C8BD291EF9CB" bold="true" box="[151,308,1518,1545]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Anthonomus</emphasis>
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(s. str.)
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<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA3DC78A2E7C8BC2A37F9CB" bold="true" box="[407,541,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">conspersus</emphasis>
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Desbrochers des Loges, 1868
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3750795FFA3DC78A3E7CB402971F9EF" box="[151,347,1554,1581]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA3DC78A3E7CB402971F9EF" blockId="16.[151,906,1518,1581]" box="[151,347,1554,1581]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
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<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA3DC78A3E7CB402934F9EF" box="[151,286,1554,1581]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 51–55" captionStart-1="FIGURES 56–61" captionStart-2="FIGURES 62–64" captionStart-3="FIGURES 65–66" captionStartId-0="18.[151,264,1908,1932]" captionStartId-1="19.[151,264,1800,1824]" captionStartId-2="20.[151,264,1794,1818]" captionStartId-3="21.[151,264,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,181,1865]" captionTargetBox-1="[173,1414,195,1763]" captionTargetBox-2="[166,1413,194,1756]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,1209,1662]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@18.[151,1436,181,1884]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1776]" captionTargetId-2="figure-26@20.[151,1436,181,1770]" captionTargetId-3="figure-579@21.[151,1436,1209,1662]" captionTargetPageId-0="18" captionTargetPageId-1="19" captionTargetPageId-2="20" captionTargetPageId-3="21" captionText-0="FIGURES 51–55. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva. 51—habitus of the body and frontal view of the head, 52—thoracic spiracle, 53—lateral view of thoracic segments, 54—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns—pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." captionText-1="FIGURES 56–61. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva head and mouthparts. 56—head, frontal view, 57—antenna, 58— clypeus and labrum, 59—epipharynx, 60—left mandible, 61—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes—postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." captionText-2="FIGURES 62–64. Anthonomus conspersus, pupa habitus and chaetotaxy. 62—ventral view, 63—dorsal view, 64—lateral view (Th1–3—number of thoracic segments, Ab1–9—number of abdominal segments, sp—spiracle; setae: as—apical, d—dorsal, ds—discal, lt—laterotergal, os—orbital, pas—postantennal, pls—posterolateral, rs—rostral, sls—superlateral, v—ventral, vs— vertical)." captionText-3="FIGURES 65–66. Anthonomus conspersus, biotope and host plant. 65—biotope (Moscow region, Khripan’), 66—inflorescence of Sorbus aucuparia and larva of A. conspersus inside the flower bud." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497989" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497991" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497993" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497995" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5497989/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5497991/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5497993/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5497995/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Figs. 51–66</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA3DC78A259CB40297CF9EF" box="[297,342,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 98–106" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1694,1718]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-101@32.[151,1436,417,1671]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 98–106. Antennae and maxillary palpi of Anthonomus (SEM images). 98—A. pinivorax, 99—antenna of A. rubripes, 100—maxillary palp of A. rubripes, 101—A. incurvus, 102—A. conspersus, 103—A. latior, 104—A. pedicularius, 105—A. pomorum, 106—A. rubi (se—sensorium, sa—sensilla ampullacea, sd—sensilla digitiform, ss—sensilla styloconium, sb—sensilla basiconicum). Scale bars 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5498011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5498011/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">102</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3750795FFA3DC78A3E7CB0929BAF97F" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA3DC78A3E7CB0929BAF97F" blockId="16.[151,1437,1626,2019]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
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<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA3DC78A3E7CB0929A8F9B6" bold="true" box="[151,386,1626,1652]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="9D699F97FFA3DC78A2FACB0829D8F9B7" box="[394,498,1627,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="larva">12 larvae</specimenCount>
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(30.05–
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<date id="FFD172DEFFA3DC78A120CB092AE9F9B7" box="[592,707,1626,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="2020-06-06">6.06.2020</date>
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) and
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<materialsCitation id="3B075E43FFA3DC78A074CB0829A1F97F" collectingDate="2020-06-17" collectionCode="IZCS" country="Russia" determinerName="I. A. Zabaluev" latitude="55.654057" location="Khripan'" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="38.176445" municipality="Ramenskiy distr." pageId="16" pageNumber="467" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-pupa="3" stateProvince="Moscow">
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<specimenCount id="9D699F97FFA3DC78A074CB082B77F9B7" box="[772,861,1627,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="pupa">3 pupae</specimenCount>
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(
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<date id="FFD172DEFFA3DC78A01DCB082BDBF9B4" box="[877,1009,1627,1654]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="2020-06-17">
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<collectingDate id="EF958B36FFA3DC78A01DCB082BDBF9B4" box="[877,1009,1627,1654]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="2020-06-17">17.06.2020</collectingDate>
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</date>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="F378148EFFA3DC78A775CB082C78F9B7" box="[1029,1106,1627,1653]" name="Russia" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Russia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49AB9AFCFFA3DC78A72FCB082D3BF9B7" box="[1119,1297,1627,1653]" country="Russia" name="Moscow" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Moscow region</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BB4CE64FFA3DC78A66ECB0828F8F95B" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Ramenskiy distr.</collectingMunicipality>
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, near of platform
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<location id="8EB002C5FFA3DC78A2E9CB2C29D6F95B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C6E508FFA3DC7DA3E7C8BD2D0AFB63:8EB002C5FFA3DC78A2E9CB2C29D6F95B" box="[409,508,1663,1689]" country="Russia" latitude="55.654057" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="38.176445" municipality="Ramenskiy distr." name="Khripan'" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" stateProvince="Moscow">Khripan’</location>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="EE5B32D9FFA3DC78A17ACB2D2A89F95B" box="[522,675,1662,1689]" degrees="55.654055" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" precision="1" value="55.654057">55.654055°N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE5B32D9FFA3DC78A1D9CB2C2B6BF958" box="[681,833,1663,1690]" degrees="38.176444" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" precision="1" value="38.176445">38.176444°E</geoCoordinate>
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), ex flower buds of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA3DC78A76FCB2C2CCDF95A" box="[1055,1255,1663,1689]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aucuparia">
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<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA3DC78A76FCB2C2CCDF95A" box="[1055,1255,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Sorbus aucuparia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L., leg. and det.
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<determinerName id="7E0CB8DAFFA3DC78A3E7CBF02918F97F" box="[151,306,1699,1725]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">I.A. Zabaluev</determinerName>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED7ECCDBFFA3DC78A231CBF029A9F97F" box="[321,387,1699,1725]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">IZCS</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3750795FFA3DC7DA3B7CB952D0AFB63" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="472" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA3DC78A3B7CB952A86F923" blockId="16.[151,1437,1626,2019]" box="[199,684,1734,1761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
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<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA3DC78A3B7CB952A30F923" bold="true" box="[199,538,1734,1761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Description of mature larva.</emphasis>
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<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA3DC78A151CB942A82F923" box="[545,680,1734,1761]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 51–55" captionStart-1="FIGURES 56–61" captionStartId-0="18.[151,264,1908,1932]" captionStartId-1="19.[151,264,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,181,1865]" captionTargetBox-1="[173,1414,195,1763]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@18.[151,1436,181,1884]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1776]" captionTargetPageId-0="18" captionTargetPageId-1="19" captionText-0="FIGURES 51–55. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva. 51—habitus of the body and frontal view of the head, 52—thoracic spiracle, 53—lateral view of thoracic segments, 54—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns—pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." captionText-1="FIGURES 56–61. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva head and mouthparts. 56—head, frontal view, 57—antenna, 58— clypeus and labrum, 59—epipharynx, 60—left mandible, 61—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes—postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497989" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497991" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5497989/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5497991/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Figs. 51–61</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA3DC78A3B7CBB829B7F8EB" blockId="16.[151,1437,1626,2019]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
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<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA3DC78A3B7CBB82943F8C6" box="[199,361,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Measurements</emphasis>
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(in mm). Body length: 2.62–3.16 (mean 2.89). Body width: 1.00–1.33 (mean 1.17). Head width: 0.56–0.60 (mean 0.58).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA3DC79A3B7CA602A21FE37" blockId="16.[151,1437,1626,2019]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,151,2019]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="468" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
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<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA3DC78A3B7CA60292BF88F" box="[199,257,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Body</emphasis>
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whitish or pinkish and in live mature larvae with yellowish spots, distinctly C-shaped curved (
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<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA3DC78A64ACA602DA5F88F" box="[1338,1423,1842,1869]" captionStart="FIGURES 51–55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-26@18.[151,1436,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 51–55. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva. 51—habitus of the body and frontal view of the head, 52—thoracic spiracle, 53—lateral view of thoracic segments, 54—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns—pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497989/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
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). Pronotum with a poorly visible yellowish shield. Spiracles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA3DC78A037CA042BB0F8B3" box="[839,922,1878,1905]" captionStart="FIGURES 51–55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-26@18.[151,1436,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 51–55. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva. 51—habitus of the body and frontal view of the head, 52—thoracic spiracle, 53—lateral view of thoracic segments, 54—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns—pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497989/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
|
||
) bicameral, air tubes with five or six annuli, one pair located on the prothorax and eight pairs located laterally on the abdominal segments I–VIII (Ab1–8). All setae of thoracic and abdominal segments hairlike, from very long to minute, yellowish. Prothorax (Th1) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA3DC78A632CACC2DBEF87B" box="[1346,1428,1950,1977]" captionStart="FIGURES 51–55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-26@18.[151,1436,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 51–55. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva. 51—habitus of the body and frontal view of the head, 52—thoracic spiracle, 53—lateral view of thoracic segments, 54—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns—pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497989/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
|
||
) with ten
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA3DC78A38CCA902904F81E" box="[252,302,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">prns</emphasis>
|
||
of unequal length (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA3DC78A17ECA902A6AF81E" box="[526,576,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">prns</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA3DC78A130CA862A62F821" attach="left" box="[576,584,2005,2019]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">1</subScript>
|
||
—short,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA3DC78A1DBCA902AF7F81E" box="[683,733,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">prns</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA3DC78A1ADCA862ACFF821" attach="left" box="[733,741,2005,2019]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">6</subScript>
|
||
—very short, others—from long to very long), two very long
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3E7CDC4289AFF72" box="[151,176,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ps</emphasis>
|
||
equal length and two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A2DCCDC429FBFF72" box="[428,465,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">eus</emphasis>
|
||
(very short and minute). There are two distinct sensilla—one located near the base of
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3E7CDE828E3FF16" box="[151,201,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">prns</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A3B9CD9E28FBFF19" attach="left" box="[201,209,205,219]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
, other—medially. Meso- (Th2) and metathorax (Th3) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA2DC79A046CDE82BACFF17" box="[822,902,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 51–55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-26@18.[151,1436,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 51–55. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva. 51—habitus of the body and frontal view of the head, 52—thoracic spiracle, 53—lateral view of thoracic segments, 54—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns—pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497989/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
|
||
) with three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A77BCDE82C05FF16" box="[1035,1071,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">prs</emphasis>
|
||
(one short and two minute), four
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3E7CD8C2894FF3B" box="[151,190,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pds</emphasis>
|
||
different in length (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A2EFCD8C29ECFF3B" box="[415,454,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A2B5CDA229E7FF3D" attach="left" box="[453,461,241,255]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A2ACCD8C2A29FF3B" box="[476,515,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A172CDA22A20FF3D" attach="left" box="[514,522,241,255]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">3</subScript>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A138CD8C2A45FF3B" box="[584,623,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A11FCDA22A5DFF3D" attach="left" box="[623,631,241,255]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">4</subScript>
|
||
—long;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A1A3CD8C2AD0FF3B" box="[723,762,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A18ACDA22B28FF3D" attach="left" box="[762,770,241,255]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2</subScript>
|
||
—short), one short
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A0ACCD8C2BDFFF3A" box="[988,1013,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">as</emphasis>
|
||
, three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A731CD8C2C7DFF3A" box="[1089,1111,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ss</emphasis>
|
||
(one long, one short and one minute), one long
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A212CC5029ADFEDE" box="[354,391,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">eps</emphasis>
|
||
, one long
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A28BCC502A3EFEDE" box="[507,532,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ps</emphasis>
|
||
and two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A109CC502AB4FEDE" box="[633,670,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">eus</emphasis>
|
||
(very short and minute). Pedal lobe with five
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A7ECCC502CECFEDF" box="[1180,1222,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pda</emphasis>
|
||
different in length:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3E7CC7428EBFE83" box="[151,193,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pda</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A3B1CC6A28F0FE85" attach="both" box="[193,218,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1—</subScript>
|
||
very long,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A228CC7429A8FE83" box="[344,386,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pda</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A2F2CC6A29B0FE85" attach="both" box="[386,410,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2—</subScript>
|
||
short,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A293CC742A27FE83" box="[483,525,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pda</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A17DCC6A2A0CFE85" attach="both" box="[525,550,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">3—</subScript>
|
||
minute,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A1F0CC742A80FE83" box="[640,682,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pda</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A1DACC6A2AE8FE85" attach="both" box="[682,706,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">4—</subScript>
|
||
long,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A075CC742B05FE83" box="[773,815,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pda</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A05FCC6A2B6DFE85" attach="both" box="[815,839,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">5—</subScript>
|
||
minute and located close to the anterior edge of the segment; and with two sensilla located between
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A1C3CC182AF7FEA7" box="[691,733,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pda</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A1ADCC0E2ACFFEA9" attach="left" box="[733,741,349,363]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A06BCC182B6FFEA7" box="[795,837,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pda</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A035CC0E2B67FEA9" attach="left" box="[837,845,349,363]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">3</subScript>
|
||
. Abdominal segments I–VIII (Ab1–8) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA2DC79A67ACC182D71FEA7" box="[1290,1371,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 51–55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-26@18.[151,1436,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 51–55. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva. 51—habitus of the body and frontal view of the head, 52—thoracic spiracle, 53—lateral view of thoracic segments, 54—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns—pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497989/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
) with two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3B9CC3C28C7FE4A" box="[201,237,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">prs</emphasis>
|
||
(short and minute), five
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A175CC3C2A06FE4B" box="[517,556,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pds</emphasis>
|
||
different in length (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A07FCC3C2B1CFE4B" box="[783,822,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A046CCD22B14FE4D" attach="left" box="[822,830,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A03CCC3C2B59FE4B" box="[844,883,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A003CCD22B51FE4D" attach="left" box="[883,891,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">3</subScript>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A0CACC3C2BCBFE4B" box="[954,993,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A091CCD22BC3FE4D" attach="left" box="[993,1001,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">5</subScript>
|
||
—long;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A736CC3C2C47FE4B" box="[1094,1133,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A71DCCD22C5FFE4D" attach="left" box="[1133,1141,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A7DCCC3C2CF9FE4B" box="[1196,1235,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A7A3CCD22CF1FE4D" attach="left" box="[1235,1243,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">4</subScript>
|
||
—short), three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A6F6CC3C2DB6FE4A" box="[1414,1436,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ss</emphasis>
|
||
(one long, one short and one minute), two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A119CCC02AA4FE6E" box="[617,654,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">eps</emphasis>
|
||
(long and short) one very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A09ECCC02C2DFE6E" box="[1006,1031,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ps</emphasis>
|
||
, one very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A7C7CCC02CF6FE6F" box="[1207,1244,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
and three minute
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3E7CCE42896FE12" box="[151,188,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment IX (Ab9) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA2DC79A159CCE42A51FE13" box="[553,635,438,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 51–55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-26@18.[151,1436,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 51–55. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva. 51—habitus of the body and frontal view of the head, 52—thoracic spiracle, 53—lateral view of thoracic segments, 54—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns—pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497989/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
|
||
) with six setae dorsally (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A0E5CCE42B84FE13" box="[917,942,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ds</emphasis>
|
||
), two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A086CCE42C25FE12" box="[1014,1039,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ps</emphasis>
|
||
, and one very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A784CCE42D38FE12" box="[1268,1298,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">sts</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment X (Ab10) without setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA2DC79A3B7CCAC2CBDFC67" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2019]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3B7CCAC2949FDDB" box="[199,355,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Head capsule</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA2DC79A204CCAC29FEFDDB" box="[372,468,510,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 51–55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-26@18.[151,1436,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 51–55. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva. 51—habitus of the body and frontal view of the head, 52—thoracic spiracle, 53—lateral view of thoracic segments, 54—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns—pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497989/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Figs. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA2DC79A292CCAD29D5FDDB" box="[482,511,510,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–61" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,195,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1776]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 56–61. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva head and mouthparts. 56—head, frontal view, 57—antenna, 58— clypeus and labrum, 59—epipharynx, 60—left mandible, 61—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes—postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497991/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">56</figureCitation>
|
||
) pale yellow, moderately strongly sclerotized (especially along the anterior margin), suboval. Endocarinal line reaching behind middle of the frons and about 2/3 as long as frons. Frontal sutures distinct, extending to antennae. One stemma (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A1EFCF142A98FDA2" box="[671,690,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">st</emphasis>
|
||
) present close to antenna. Dorsal setae (four
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A7C4CF142CF3FDA3" box="[1204,1241,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">des</emphasis>
|
||
):
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A782CF142D3DFDA3" box="[1266,1303,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A667CF0A2D35FDA5" attach="left" box="[1303,1311,601,615]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
short,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A61FCF142DBEFDA3" box="[1391,1428,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A6E4CF0A2DB6FDA5" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,601,615]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2</subScript>
|
||
medium,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A270CF38290FFD47" box="[256,293,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A255CF2E2907FD49" attach="left" box="[293,301,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">3</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A211CF3829ACFD47" box="[353,390,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A2F6CF2E29A4FD49" attach="left" box="[390,398,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">5</subScript>
|
||
long,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A2A3CF3829D2FD47" box="[467,504,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A288CF2E2A2AFD49" attach="left" box="[504,512,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">4</subScript>
|
||
absent;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A12BCF382AAAFD47" box="[603,640,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A1F0CF2E2AA2FD49" attach="left" box="[640,648,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A1CCCF382ACBFD47" box="[700,737,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A192CF2E2AC0FD49" attach="left" box="[738,746,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2</subScript>
|
||
located near to middle part of epicranium,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A7B4CF382CC3FD47" box="[1220,1257,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A799CF2E2CDBFD49" attach="left" box="[1257,1265,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">3</subScript>
|
||
close to frontal suture,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A39ACFDC2925FD6B" box="[234,271,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A260CFF22932FD6D" attach="right" box="[272,280,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">5</subScript>
|
||
—anterolaterally. There is dorsal sensillum between
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A01BCFDC2BBAFD6B" box="[875,912,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A0E0CFF22BB2FD6D" attach="left" box="[912,920,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">3</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A0A0CFDC2BDFFD6B" box="[976,1013,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A086CFF22BD4FD6D" attach="right" box="[1014,1022,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">5</subScript>
|
||
. Frontal area with four
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A67CCFDC2D35FD6B" box="[1292,1311,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">fs</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A65ECFDC2D6BFD6B" box="[1326,1345,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A631CFF22D63FD6D" attach="left" box="[1345,1353,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A6F1CFDC2DBEFD6B" box="[1409,1428,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A6E4CFF22DB6FD6D" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">3</subScript>
|
||
minute and inconspicuous,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A2BFCFE029C8FD0F" box="[463,482,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A291CF9629C3FD11" attach="left" box="[481,489,709,723]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2</subScript>
|
||
absent,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A139CFE02A76FD0F" box="[585,604,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A12CCF962A4EFD11" attach="left" box="[604,612,709,723]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">4</subScript>
|
||
very long, located anterolaterally,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A081CFE02C2EFD0F" box="[1009,1028,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A774CF962C26FD11" attach="left" box="[1028,1036,709,723]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">5</subScript>
|
||
long, located laterally, close to the border of frons, and with two sensilla—one is between
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A071CF842B3EFD33" box="[769,788,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A064CFBA2B36FD35" attach="left" box="[788,796,745,759]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A022CF842B4FFD33" box="[850,869,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A015CFBA2B47FD35" attach="left" box="[869,877,745,759]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">3</subScript>
|
||
, closer to the median line, the other is between
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A6F1CF842DBEFD33" box="[1409,1428,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A6E4CFBA2DB6FD35" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,745,759]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">3</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3B7CFA828F0FCD7" box="[199,218,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A3AACE5E28C8FCD9" attach="left" box="[218,226,781,795]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">4</subScript>
|
||
. Lateral setae:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A2FECFA82987FCD7" box="[398,429,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">les</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A2DDCE5E299FFCD9" attach="left" box="[429,437,781,795]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
short,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A173CFA82A08FCD7" box="[515,546,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">les</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A152CE5E2A00FCD9" attach="left" box="[546,554,781,795]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2</subScript>
|
||
about 1/4 as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A068CFA82B1DFCD7" box="[792,823,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">les</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A047CE5E2B15FCD9" attach="left" box="[823,831,781,795]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
and as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A09DCFA82C38FCD7" box="[1005,1042,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A762CE5E2C30FCD9" attach="left" box="[1042,1050,781,795]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">5</subScript>
|
||
. Ventral setae: two short
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A648CFA82D76FCD6" box="[1336,1372,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">vcs</emphasis>
|
||
. Posterior epicranial area with four minute
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A13DCE4C2A58FCFA" box="[589,626,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pes</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A1F2CE4C2A8DFCFA" box="[642,679,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pes</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A1D7CE622A85FCFD" attach="left" box="[679,687,817,831]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A1CECE4C2AC9FCFA" box="[702,739,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pes</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A193CE622AC1FCFD" attach="left" box="[739,747,817,831]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">3</subScript>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A05ACE4C2B65FCFA" box="[810,847,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pes</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A03FCE622B7DFCFD" attach="left" box="[847,855,817,831]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">4</subScript>
|
||
arranged in an oblique row,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A7ECCE4C2CEBFCFA" box="[1180,1217,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pes</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A7B2CE622CE0FCFD" attach="right" box="[1218,1226,817,831]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2</subScript>
|
||
—at the side edge, and with two sensilla—one is between
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A13DCE102A58FC9E" box="[589,626,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pes</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A102CE062A50FCA1" attach="left" box="[626,634,853,867]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">3</subScript>
|
||
and endocarinal line, and the other dorsal from
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A7E2CE102C9DFC9F" box="[1170,1207,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A7C8CE062CEAFCA1" attach="right" box="[1208,1216,853,867]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
. Antenna (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA2DC79A64ACE102DBDFC9F" box="[1338,1431,834,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–61" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,195,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1776]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 56–61. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva head and mouthparts. 56—head, frontal view, 57—antenna, 58— clypeus and labrum, 59—epipharynx, 60—left mandible, 61—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes—postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497991/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Figs. 57</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA2DC79A3E7CE3428E8FC43" box="[151,194,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 98–106" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1694,1718]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-101@32.[151,1436,417,1671]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 98–106. Antennae and maxillary palpi of Anthonomus (SEM images). 98—A. pinivorax, 99—antenna of A. rubripes, 100—maxillary palp of A. rubripes, 101—A. incurvus, 102—A. conspersus, 103—A. latior, 104—A. pedicularius, 105—A. pomorum, 106—A. rubi (se—sensorium, sa—sensilla ampullacea, sd—sensilla digitiform, ss—sensilla styloconium, sb—sensilla basiconicum). Scale bars 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5498011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5498011/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">102</figureCitation>
|
||
) is one-segmented, consisting of a basal membranous segment bearing an elongate-conical porous sensorium (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3D1CED82892FC66" box="[161,184,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">se</emphasis>
|
||
) and four sensilla: one ampullacea (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A13FCED82A42FC66" box="[591,616,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">sa</emphasis>
|
||
), two styloconium (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A03BCED82B4BFC66" box="[843,865,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ss</emphasis>
|
||
) and one basiconicum (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A71ECED82CADFC67" box="[1134,1159,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">sb</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA2DC79A3B7CEFC2A78FA5F" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2019]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3B7CEFC29F1FC0B" box="[199,475,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Clypeus and mouthparts</emphasis>
|
||
. Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA2DC79A124CEFC2A8CFC0B" box="[596,678,942,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–61" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,195,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1776]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 56–61. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva head and mouthparts. 56—head, frontal view, 57—antenna, 58— clypeus and labrum, 59—epipharynx, 60—left mandible, 61—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes—postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497991/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
|
||
) trapezium
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A056CEFC2B05FC0B" bold="true" box="[806,815,943,969]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">-</emphasis>
|
||
shaped, with slightly sinuated anterior margin and with two very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A233CE802948FC2F" box="[323,354,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">cls</emphasis>
|
||
placed close to anterior margin of frons and clypeal sensillum (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A745CE802C75FC2F" box="[1077,1119,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">clss</emphasis>
|
||
) located between them. Labrum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA2DC79A391CEA42918FBD3" box="[225,306,1014,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–61" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,195,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1776]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 56–61. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva head and mouthparts. 56—head, frontal view, 57—antenna, 58— clypeus and labrum, 59—epipharynx, 60—left mandible, 61—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes—postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497991/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
|
||
) with three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A2C8CEA429FCFBD3" box="[440,470,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">lrs</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A294CEA42A28FBD3" box="[484,514,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">lrs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A172C95A2A20FBD5" attach="left" box="[514,522,1033,1047]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
slightly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A184CEA42B38FBD3" box="[756,786,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">lrs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A062C95A2B30FBD5" attach="left" box="[786,794,1033,1047]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2</subScript>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A057CEA42B6FFBD3" box="[807,837,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">lrs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A035C95A2B67FBD5" attach="left" box="[837,845,1033,1047]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2</subScript>
|
||
long,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A0E3CEA42B9BFBD3" box="[915,945,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">lrs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A0C1C95A2B93FBD5" attach="left" box="[945,953,1033,1047]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">3</subScript>
|
||
short, about 1/3 as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A796CEA42D2EFBD3" box="[1254,1284,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">lrs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A674C95A2D26FBD5" attach="left" box="[1284,1292,1033,1047]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2</subScript>
|
||
. Epipharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA2DC79A3D0C94828DBFBF7" box="[160,241,1050,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–61" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,195,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1776]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 56–61. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva head and mouthparts. 56—head, frontal view, 57—antenna, 58— clypeus and labrum, 59—epipharynx, 60—left mandible, 61—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes—postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497991/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
|
||
) with two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A219C94829BCFBF6" box="[361,406,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ams</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A2D6C94829F9FBF6" box="[422,467,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ams</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A2A3C97E29F1FBF9" attach="left" box="[467,475,1069,1083]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
about 1/2 as long and noticeably thinner than
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A0AFC9482C26FBF6" box="[991,1036,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ams</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A77CC97E2C3EFBF9" attach="left" box="[1036,1044,1069,1083]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2</subScript>
|
||
), three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A71AC9482CA1FBF7" box="[1130,1163,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">als</emphasis>
|
||
and two short triangular
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3E7C96C28E9FB9A" box="[151,195,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">mes</emphasis>
|
||
. Labral rods (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A22FC96C2958FB9B" box="[351,370,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">lr</emphasis>
|
||
) moderately long, converging slightly posteriorly. One sensillum located on both sides of
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A62BC96C2D44FB9B" box="[1371,1390,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">lr</emphasis>
|
||
and four combined in a single median cluster (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A11BC9302AA5FBBE" box="[619,655,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">esc</emphasis>
|
||
). Mandibles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA2DC79A05AC9302B50FBBC" box="[810,890,1123,1150]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–61" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,195,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1776]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 56–61. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva head and mouthparts. 56—head, frontal view, 57—antenna, 58— clypeus and labrum, 59—epipharynx, 60—left mandible, 61—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes—postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497991/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
|
||
) stout, triangular, with two apical teeth; with two rather thick
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A251C9D42964FB63" box="[289,334,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">mds</emphasis>
|
||
equal length, and one mandibular sensillum. Maxilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA2DC79A0CCC9D42C24FB60" box="[956,1038,1159,1186]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–61" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[173,1414,195,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,1776]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 56–61. Anthonomus conspersus, mature larva head and mouthparts. 56—head, frontal view, 57—antenna, 58— clypeus and labrum, 59—epipharynx, 60—left mandible, 61—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes—postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497991/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
|
||
) with one very long
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A78DC9D42D03FB62" box="[1277,1321,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">stps</emphasis>
|
||
, two long
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3E7C9F82892FB07" box="[151,184,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
, very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A233C9F8295AFB07" box="[323,368,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">mbs</emphasis>
|
||
and two sensilla. Mala on the dorsal side with a row of six arrow-shaped
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A7B2C9F82CC5FB07" box="[1218,1263,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">dms</emphasis>
|
||
, on the ventral side with four
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A24BC99C294DFB2A" box="[315,359,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">vms</emphasis>
|
||
(two comparatively long and two comparatively short) and one sensillum. Maxillary palpi consists of two palpomere: basal palpomere transverse, wider than distal, with one very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A7ECC9A02CFCFACE" box="[1180,1238,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">mxps</emphasis>
|
||
and two sensilla, distal—narrow-conical, with one sensillum and a few sensilla at the apex. Prelabium cup-like with four sensilla and one medium
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A22BC86829B9FA96" box="[347,403,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">prms</emphasis>
|
||
; ligula with three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A113C8682AA1FA97" box="[611,651,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ligs</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial palpi elongated, one-segmented, with one sensillum medially and a few sensilla at the apex. Postlabium with three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A181C80C2B34FABA" box="[753,798,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pms</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A05EC80C2B71FABA" box="[814,859,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A02BC8222B49FABD" attach="left" box="[859,867,1393,1407]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
short, about 1/3 as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A7EBC80C2CE2FABA" box="[1179,1224,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A7B8C8222CFFFABD" attach="left" box="[1224,1237,1393,1407]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2,</subScript>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A7A9C80C2D2CFABA" box="[1241,1286,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A676C8222D24FABD" attach="left" box="[1286,1294,1393,1407]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2</subScript>
|
||
—very long,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3E7C8D028EEFA5E" box="[151,196,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A3B4C8C628E6FA61" attach="left" box="[196,204,1429,1443]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">3</subScript>
|
||
—short, slightly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A165C8D02A68FA5E" box="[533,578,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A133C8C62A61FA61" attach="right" box="[579,587,1429,1443]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA2DC79A3B7C8F52A67FA03" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2019]" box="[199,589,1446,1473]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3B7C8F52991FA03" bold="true" box="[199,443,1446,1473]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Description of pupa.</emphasis>
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA2DC79A2B2C8F42A63FA03" box="[450,585,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURES 62–64" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1794,1818]" captionTargetBox="[166,1413,194,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-26@20.[151,1436,181,1770]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 62–64. Anthonomus conspersus, pupa habitus and chaetotaxy. 62—ventral view, 63—dorsal view, 64—lateral view (Th1–3—number of thoracic segments, Ab1–9—number of abdominal segments, sp—spiracle; setae: as—apical, d—dorsal, ds—discal, lt—laterotergal, os—orbital, pas—postantennal, pls—posterolateral, rs—rostral, sls—superlateral, v—ventral, vs— vertical)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497993/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Figs. 62–64</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA2DC79A3B7C89829B7F9CB" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2019]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3B7C8982943FA26" box="[199,361,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
(in mm). Body length: 2.20–2.70 (mean 2.45). Body width: 1.46–1.57 (mean 1.50). Head width: 0.49–0.52 (mean 0.51).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA2DC79A3B7CB402A27F9EF" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2019]" box="[199,525,1555,1581]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3B7CB402960F9EF" box="[199,330,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Coloration.</emphasis>
|
||
Yellowish white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA2DC79A3B7CB6428DAF95B" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2019]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3B7CB64292BF993" box="[199,257,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Body</emphasis>
|
||
. Rostrum relatively short, 3x as long as wide; male and female rostrum of the same length. Pronotum transverse, 1.3x as wide as long. Prothoracic depressions lacking. Spiracles well developed on Ab1–5, and vestigial on Ab6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA2DC7DA3B7CBF028D7FDDB" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2019]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1437,151,1185]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="472" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3B7CBF0296DF97F" box="[199,327,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Chaetotaxy</emphasis>
|
||
. Setae yellowish, slightly curved, from long to minute. Head capsule with one
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A7A8CBF02CC5F97E" box="[1240,1263,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">vs</emphasis>
|
||
and one
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A62BCBF02D5EF97E" box="[1371,1396,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">os</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A6F5CBF02DB6F97E" box="[1413,1436,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">vs</emphasis>
|
||
almost straight, 1/2 as long as the width of the rostrum at the base,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A00BCB942BBEF922" box="[891,916,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">os</emphasis>
|
||
slightly longer than
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A708CB942CA5F922" box="[1144,1167,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. Rostrum with one long
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3E7CBB82887F8C6" box="[151,173,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">rs</emphasis>
|
||
placed posterior to its middle, about 1/2 as long as the rostrum width at the same place, and with one very short (about 1/3 as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A2FACA5C298AF8EA" box="[394,416,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">rs</emphasis>
|
||
) and fine
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A164CA5C2A11F8EA" box="[532,571,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pas</emphasis>
|
||
, placed at the base of the rostrum. Pronotum (Th1) with one
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A781CA5C2D20F8EA" box="[1265,1290,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">as</emphasis>
|
||
, two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A63BCA5C2D4EF8EB" box="[1355,1380,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ds</emphasis>
|
||
, two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A3E7CA602896F88F" box="[151,188,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">sls,</emphasis>
|
||
and three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A243CA60297EF88F" box="[307,340,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pls</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A213CA602956F88E" box="[355,380,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">as</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A20CCA1629AEF891" attach="left" box="[380,388,1861,1875]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
thin, medium length (noticeably longer than tubercle height), located subapically on anterior surface of the tubercle of medium size;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A122CA042A41F8B3" box="[594,619,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A11BCA3A2A59F8B5" attach="left" box="[619,627,1897,1911]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
minute, located subapically on anterior surface of the very large sharply pointed tubercle, which larger than those elsewhere on pronotum;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A0F7CA282B8AF857" box="[903,928,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">ds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A0D0CADE2B82F859" attach="left" box="[928,936,1933,1947]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2</subScript>
|
||
minute, located subapically on anterior surface of the large prominent spiniform tubercle;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A1DCCACC2AE0F87B" box="[684,714,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">sls</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A1B9CAE22AC8F87D" attach="left" box="[713,738,1969,1983]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1–2</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A069CACC2B10F87B" box="[793,826,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pls</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A049CAE22B78F87D" attach="left" box="[825,850,1969,1983]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">2–3</subScript>
|
||
thin, long, approximately equal length, located near bases of small pointed tubercles,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA2DC79A166CA902A1DF81F" box="[534,567,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">pls</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA2DC79A147CA862A15F821" attach="left" box="[567,575,2005,2019]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">1</subScript>
|
||
short, located near the base of a small triangular tubercle. Femora without
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA3E7CDC4289CFF73" box="[151,182,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">fes</emphasis>
|
||
. Meso- (Th2) and metanotum (Th3) with three long dorsal setae (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA0ECCDC42B80FF73" box="[924,938,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">d</emphasis>
|
||
) placed medially, they attached on posterior surface of large pointed tubercles on the mesothorax and on low rounded tubercles on the metathorax; the size of the tubercles and the length of the setae gradually decrease towards the middle line. Abdominal tergites (Ab1–8) with three distinct dorsal setae (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA2B1CC5029E5FEDF" box="[449,463,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">d</emphasis>
|
||
),
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA296CC5029DEFEDF" box="[486,500,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA6DC7DA284CC4629D6FEE1" attach="left" box="[500,508,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">1</subScript>
|
||
noticeably thinner and shorter than others,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA0AFCC502BC7FEDF" box="[991,1005,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA6DC7DA09DCC462BDFFEE1" attach="left" box="[1005,1013,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">2</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA75BCC502C13FEDF" box="[1067,1081,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA6DC7DA749CC462C6BFEE1" attach="left" box="[1081,1089,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">3</subScript>
|
||
approximately equal length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA6F6CC502DBEFEDF" box="[1414,1428,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA6DC7DA6E4CC462DB6FEE1" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">1</subScript>
|
||
on Ab8 located at the bases of low rounded tubercules,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA18BCC742B23FE83" box="[763,777,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA6DC7DA079CC6A2B3BFE85" attach="left" box="[777,785,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">2</subScript>
|
||
on Ab7–8 located at the base of small convex tubercles,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA6F6CC742DBEFE83" box="[1414,1428,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA6DC7DA6E4CC6A2DB6FE85" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">3</subScript>
|
||
on Ab7–8 located at the bases of large sharply pointed tubercles. There are minute and inconspicuous setae between
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA3E7CC3C288FFE4B" box="[151,165,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA6DC7DA3D5CCD22887FE4D" attach="left" box="[165,173,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">1</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA394CC3C28D8FE4B" box="[228,242,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA6DC7DA382CCD228D0FE4D" attach="left" box="[242,250,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">2</subScript>
|
||
and between
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA2E5CC3C2989FE4B" box="[405,419,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA6DC7DA2D3CCD22981FE4D" attach="left" box="[419,427,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">2</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA292CC3C29DAFE4B" box="[482,496,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA6DC7DA280CCD229D2FE4D" attach="left" box="[496,504,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">3</subScript>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA176CC3C2A37FE4A" box="[518,541,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Lt</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA6DC7DA16ECCD22A0CFE4D" attach="left" box="[542,550,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">1</subScript>
|
||
minute, located at the bases of small tubercles (rounded on Ab1–5 and pointed on Ab6–8);
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA26DCCC02907FE6F" box="[285,301,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">lt</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFA6DC7DA25DCCF6291FFE71" attach="left" box="[301,309,421,435]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">2</subScript>
|
||
long, located at the bases of tubercles (rounded on Ab1–5 and spiniform Ab6–8); l
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA7A6CCC02CCBFE6E" box="[1238,1249,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">s</emphasis>
|
||
absent. The size of all tubercles gradually increases towards the apex of the abdomen. Ab9 with one very fine and short ventral setae (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA3D1CC882887FE36" box="[161,173,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">v</emphasis>
|
||
). Urogomphi paired, highly sclerotized, short, contiguous at the bases, noticeably curved, diverge to the sides at the apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF100496FFA1DC7AA3E7CA272BA6F83A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497989" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5497989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497989/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" startId="18.[151,264,1908,1932]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1865]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA1DC7AA3E7CA272BA6F83A" blockId="18.[151,1437,1908,2040]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA1DC7AA3E7CA27297FF84E" bold="true" box="[151,341,1908,1932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">FIGURES 51–55.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA1DC7AA22BCA272A78F84E" box="[347,594,1908,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anthonomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA1DC7AA22BCA272A78F84E" box="[347,594,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Anthonomus conspersus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, mature larva. 51—habitus of the body and frontal view of the head, 52—thoracic spiracle, 53—lateral view of thoracic segments, 54—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA1DC7AA2A8CAEF29C5F816" box="[472,495,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">ds</emphasis>
|
||
—dorsal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA1DC7AA124CAEE2A5CF816" box="[596,630,1981,2004]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">eps</emphasis>
|
||
—epipleural,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA1DC7AA072CAEE2B0EF816" box="[770,804,1981,2004]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">eus</emphasis>
|
||
—eusternal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA1DC7AA0D7CAEF2BE3F816" box="[935,969,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
—laterosternal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA1DC7AA71DCAEF2CB9F816" box="[1133,1171,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">pda</emphasis>
|
||
—pedal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA1DC7AA781CAEF2D3EF816" box="[1265,1300,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">pds</emphasis>
|
||
—postdorsal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA1DC7AA3E7CAB228EEF83A" box="[151,196,2017,2040]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">prns</emphasis>
|
||
—pronotal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA1DC7AA24FCAB22975F83A" box="[319,351,2017,2040]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">prs</emphasis>
|
||
—prodorsal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA1DC7AA295CAB229D6F83A" box="[485,508,2017,2040]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">ps</emphasis>
|
||
—pleural,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA1DC7AA118CAB22A56F83A" box="[616,636,2017,2040]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">ss</emphasis>
|
||
—spiracular,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA1DC7AA074CAB22B35F83A" box="[772,799,2017,2040]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">sts</emphasis>
|
||
—sternal).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF100496FFA0DC7BA3E7CA5B2BA2F816" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497991" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5497991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497991/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" startId="19.[151,264,1800,1824]" targetBox="[173,1414,195,1763]" targetPageId="19">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA0DC7BA3E7CA5B2BA2F816" blockId="19.[151,1437,1800,2004]" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA3E7CA5B297DF8E2" bold="true" box="[151,343,1800,1824]" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">FIGURES 56–61.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA0DC7BA210CA5B2A73F8E2" box="[352,601,1800,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anthonomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA210CA5B2A73F8E2" box="[352,601,1800,1824]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">Anthonomus conspersus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, mature larva head and mouthparts. 56—head, frontal view, 57—antenna, 58— clypeus and labrum, 59—epipharynx, 60—left mandible, 61—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA172CA022A3CF8AA" box="[514,534,1873,1896]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">at</emphasis>
|
||
—antenna,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA1FCCA032A98F8AA" box="[652,690,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">clss</emphasis>
|
||
—clypeal sensilla,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA005CA032BACF8AA" box="[885,902,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">lr</emphasis>
|
||
—labral rods,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA769CA022C00F8AA" box="[1049,1066,1873,1896]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">st</emphasis>
|
||
—stemma; setae:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA790CA032CD4F8AA" box="[1248,1278,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">als</emphasis>
|
||
—anterolateral,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA3E7CA2628EAF84E" box="[151,192,1909,1932]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">ams</emphasis>
|
||
—anteromedial,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA21ACA2729ACF84E" box="[362,390,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">cls</emphasis>
|
||
—clypeal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA286CA272A32F84E" box="[502,536,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">des</emphasis>
|
||
—dorsal epicranial,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA196CA272B25F84E" box="[742,783,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">dms</emphasis>
|
||
—dorsal malar,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA0C2CA272BE9F84E" box="[946,963,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">fs</emphasis>
|
||
—frontal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA75CCA272C7BF84E" box="[1068,1105,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">ligs</emphasis>
|
||
—ligular,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA7C8CA272CF9F84E" box="[1208,1235,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">lrs</emphasis>
|
||
—labral,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA643CA272D6EF84E" box="[1331,1348,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">ls</emphasis>
|
||
—lateral epicranial,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA278CACB291BF872" box="[264,305,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">mbs</emphasis>
|
||
—basiventral malar,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA175CACB2A04F872" box="[517,558,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">mds</emphasis>
|
||
—mandibular,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA1B6CACA2AC7F872" box="[710,749,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">mes</emphasis>
|
||
—median,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA02ECACA2BB8F872" box="[862,914,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">mxps</emphasis>
|
||
—maxillary palp,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA73CCACA2C44F872" box="[1100,1134,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">pes</emphasis>
|
||
—postepicranial,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA652CACB2D6AF872" box="[1314,1344,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
—palpiferal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA3BACAEE28D9F816" box="[202,243,1981,2004]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">pms</emphasis>
|
||
—postlabial,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA20BCAEE2984F816" box="[379,430,1981,2004]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">prms</emphasis>
|
||
—prelabial,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA15CCAEE2A79F816" box="[556,595,1981,2004]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">stps</emphasis>
|
||
—stipal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA0DC7BA1C1CAEE2AF2F816" box="[689,728,1981,2004]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">vms</emphasis>
|
||
—ventral malar).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF100496FFA7DC7CA3E7CA5128D9F844" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497993" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5497993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497993/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" startId="20.[151,264,1794,1818]" targetBox="[166,1413,194,1756]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA7DC7CA3E7CA5128D9F844" blockId="20.[151,1437,1794,1926]" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA7DC7CA3E7CA51297EF8D8" bold="true" box="[151,340,1794,1818]" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">FIGURES 62–64.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA7DC7CA22ACA512A65F8D8" box="[346,591,1794,1818]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anthonomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA7DC7CA22ACA512A65F8D8" box="[346,591,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Anthonomus conspersus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pupa habitus and chaetotaxy. 62—ventral view, 63—dorsal view, 64—lateral view (Th1–3—number of thoracic segments, Ab1–9—number of abdominal segments,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA7DC7CA097CA742BD4F8FC" box="[999,1022,1831,1854]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">sp</emphasis>
|
||
—spiracle; setae:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA7DC7CA7C7CA742CE4F8FC" box="[1207,1230,1831,1854]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">as</emphasis>
|
||
—apical,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA7DC7CA642CA752D15F8FC" box="[1330,1343,1830,1854]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">d</emphasis>
|
||
—dorsal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA7DC7CA3E7CA192884F8A0" box="[151,174,1866,1890]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">ds</emphasis>
|
||
—discal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA7DC7CA27ECA192936F8A0" box="[270,284,1866,1890]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">lt</emphasis>
|
||
—laterotergal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA7DC7CA2C4CA1829E1F8A0" box="[436,459,1867,1890]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">os</emphasis>
|
||
—orbital,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA7DC7CA142CA182A7FF8A0" box="[562,597,1867,1890]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">pas</emphasis>
|
||
—postantennal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA7DC7CA18BCA192B33F8A0" box="[763,793,1866,1890]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">pls</emphasis>
|
||
—posterolateral,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA7DC7CA0B7CA182BF1F8A0" box="[967,987,1867,1890]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">rs</emphasis>
|
||
—rostral,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA7DC7CA731CA192C76F8A0" box="[1089,1116,1866,1890]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">sls</emphasis>
|
||
—superlateral,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA7DC7CA787CA182D28F8A0" box="[1271,1282,1867,1890]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">v</emphasis>
|
||
—ventral,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA7DC7CA61ECA182DA9F8A0" box="[1390,1411,1867,1890]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">vs</emphasis>
|
||
— vertical).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFA6DC7DA3B7CF712D0AFB63" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA3B7CF7129CFFDFE" bold="true" box="[199,485,546,572]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Biological observations.</emphasis>
|
||
The biology of this species in Central Europe was studied by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE29EFFFA6DC7DA7B0CF702DB3FDFC" author="Dieckmann, L." box="[1216,1433,547,574]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" pagination="377 - 564" refId="ref24043" refString="Dieckmann, L. (1968) Revision der westpalaarktischen Anthonomini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 17, 377 - 564." type="journal article" year="1968">Dieckmann (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The species inhabits a variety of deciduous and mixed forests, preferring more humid areas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA6DC7DA7BBCF142D09FDA3" box="[1227,1315,582,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–66" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1209,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-579@21.[151,1436,1209,1662]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 65–66. Anthonomus conspersus, biotope and host plant. 65—biotope (Moscow region, Khripan’), 66—inflorescence of Sorbus aucuparia and larva of A. conspersus inside the flower bud." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497995/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
|
||
). The host plant is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA6DC7DA39FCF382917FD47" box="[239,317,619,645]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA39FCF382917FD47" box="[239,317,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Sorbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, usually
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA6DC7DA2D2CF382A1AFD46" box="[418,560,619,645]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aucuparia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA2D2CF38299AFD47" box="[418,432,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA2CDCF382A1AFD46" box="[445,560,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">aucuparia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFA6DC7DA14FCF382AB9FD44" box="[575,659,619,646]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–66" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1209,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-579@21.[151,1436,1209,1662]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 65–66. Anthonomus conspersus, biotope and host plant. 65—biotope (Moscow region, Khripan’), 66—inflorescence of Sorbus aucuparia and larva of A. conspersus inside the flower bud." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497995/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AB9AFCFFA6DC7DA19CCF382BB7FD47" box="[748,925,619,645]" country="Russia" name="Moscow" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Moscow region</collectingRegion>
|
||
, the first active beetles were recorded in early April (
|
||
<date id="FFD172DEFFA6DC7DA393CFDC297DFD6B" box="[227,343,655,681]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" value="2020-04-09">9.04.2020</date>
|
||
) on trunks of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA6DC7DA28CCFDC2AA7FD6A" box="[508,653,655,681]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aucuparia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA28CCFDC2AA7FD6A" box="[508,653,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">S. aucuparia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The mass appearance of beetles occurs in the second week of May (
|
||
<date id="FFD172DEFFA6DC7DA3EFCFE1290AFD0F" box="[159,288,690,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" value="2020-12-05">12.05.2020</date>
|
||
) and coincides with the beginning of budding in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA6DC7DA023CFE02BCEFD0E" box="[851,996,691,717]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aucuparia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA023CFE02BCEFD0E" box="[851,996,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">S. aucuparia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Beetles concentrate on inflorescences and actively copulate. On May 26, only single beetles could be found on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA6DC7DA0BBCF842C33FD33" box="[971,1049,727,753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA0BBCF842C33FD33" box="[971,1049,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Sorbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
trees, and by the end of May, they had ceased to occur at all. In mid-May, 1
|
||
<superScript id="7C1AF956FFA6DC7DA11ECFA82A53FCCB" attach="left" box="[622,633,763,777]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">st</superScript>
|
||
instar larvae are predominantly found, in late May-early June, mature larvae, and in mid-June, pupae. Moreover, only
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D699F97FFA6DC7DA1CACE4C2B09FCFB" box="[698,803,799,825]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" type="larva">one larva</specimenCount>
|
||
always lives in one flower bud. The buds torn off from the peduncles containing a mature larva or pupa are capable of making small jumps, this phenomenon has already been noted earlier by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE29EFFFA6DC7DA2F7CE342A73FC40" author="Dieckmann, L." box="[391,601,871,898]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" pagination="377 - 564" refId="ref24043" refString="Dieckmann, L. (1968) Revision der westpalaarktischen Anthonomini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 17, 377 - 564." type="journal article" year="1968">Dieckmann (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and is also known in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA6DC7DA03ACE342CC8FC43" authority="(Machatschke 1953)" baseAuthorityName="Machatschke" baseAuthorityYear="1953" box="[842,1250,870,897]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anthonomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pedicularius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA03ACE342B71FC43" box="[842,859,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA018CE342BDEFC43" box="[872,1012,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">pedicularius</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE29EFFFA6DC7DA772CE342CF0FC43" author="Machatschke, J. W." box="[1026,1242,870,897]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" pagination="342 - 343" refId="ref24260" refString="Machatschke, J. W. (1953) Springende Crataegus-Blutenknospen. Beitrage zur Entomologie, 3, 342 - 343." type="journal article" year="1953">Machatschke 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The hatching of beetles of a new generation startsfrom the third week until the end of June and coincides with the stage of ripening of fruits on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA6DC7DA26CCEFC2981FC0A" box="[284,427,943,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aucuparia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA26CCEFC2981FC0A" box="[284,427,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">S. aucuparia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In Petri dishes, young beetles of the new generation actively fed on the green fruits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA6DC7DA6F7CEFC2920FC2E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sorbus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aucuparia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA6F7CEFC2920FC2E" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">S. aucuparia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and also ate leaves and petioles. Parasitoids were not observed, but, the larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA6DC7DA7B0CE802D77FC2E" box="[1216,1373,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anthonomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspersus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA7B0CE802CFBFC2F" box="[1216,1233,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA791CE802D77FC2E" box="[1249,1373,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">conspersus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were slightly harmed by the caterpillars of the butterfly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA6DC7DA1A7CEA42C50FBD3" authority="(Zincken, 1818)" baseAuthorityName="Zincken" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[727,1146,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Acrobasis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="advenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFA6DC7DA1A7CEA42B96FBD3" box="[727,956,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Acrobasis advenella</emphasis>
|
||
(Zincken, 1818)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA6DC7DA7FACEA42D3CFBD3" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1162,1302,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFA6DC7DA652CEA42DBAFBD0" box="[1314,1424,1015,1042]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), which feed on rowan inflorescences, braiding them with webs. I recorded several cases when a butterfly’s larva ate up a flower bud, in which there was a 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C1AF956FFA6DC7DA121C96D2A4BFB8E" attach="left" box="[593,609,1086,1100]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">nd</superScript>
|
||
instar larva of a weevil, which, because of this, could not complete metamorphosis and died. However, if the larva was already mature, and the damage to the bud was insignificant, then the larva patched any damage with chewed plant debris and excrement, after which it successfully pupated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |