1145 lines
143 KiB
XML
1145 lines
143 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="276879" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e103935" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0d76bf7d-8edd-4a89-a3ad-d1f8f7cd25c7" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2625-8498-73-991" ID-Pensoft-UUID="E3666F5C7718524A9D55816318ECC972" ID-ZooBank="7B5494CCF8F246EABB73D28B13D31CB6" ModsDocID="2625-8498-73-991" checkinTime="1699621288533" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Baptista, Ninda L., Vaz Pinto, Pedro, Keates, Chad, Lobon-Rovira, Javier, Edwards, Shelley & Roedel, Mark-Oliver" docDate="2023" docId="F4F6755E5E1B5430ACE6243A9E5BF881" docLanguage="en" docName="VertZool 73: 991-1031" docOrigin="Vertebrate Zoology 73" docPubDate="2023-11-10" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e103935" docTitle="Poyntonophrynus fernandae Baptista & Vaz Pinto & Keates & Lobón-Rovira & Edwards & Rödel 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="FD23B293-0F0F-4EF3-80B9-D7D5F4E0FE75" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="E3666F5C7718524A9D55816318ECC972" lastPageNumber="991" masterDocId="E3666F5C7718524A9D55816318ECC972" masterDocTitle="Two new Poyntonophrynus species (Anura: Bufonidae) highlight the importance of Angolan centers of endemism" masterLastPageNumber="1031" masterPageNumber="991" pageNumber="991" updateTime="1699625855276" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3973D9184D5539A9E49FA314F8C298A4">Two new Poyntonophrynus species (Anura: Bufonidae) highlight the importance of Angolan centers of endemism</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1BEF4359399A6ACFABD8612EBA67F03C">Baptista, Ninda L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="73EB347AD06B0CD4F8F00445EF13F38F" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2859-6606</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="629E6D058511648268F9432770D6BC4C">CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigacao em Biodiversidade e Recursos Geneticos, Laboratorio Associado, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrario de Vairao, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485 - 661 Vairao, Portugal & Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, 4169 - 007 Porto, Portugal & BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairao, 4485 - 661 Vairao, Portugal & Instituto Superior de Ciencias da Educacao da Huila (ISCED-Huila), Rua Sarmento Rodrigues, Lubango, Angola & Museum fuer Naturkunde - Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstr. 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E7E67C3A6E8E973A49A7C9F3A54CE0D8" type="email">nindabaptista@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7D82593B9FE16238B96A424AFF2DAC4C">Vaz Pinto, Pedro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EFEA05B984D128D12CA6364D8DCB2C00" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4487-1310</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="289A9A96623629D0C3B69DAC5DD67EA2">CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigacao em Biodiversidade e Recursos Geneticos, Laboratorio Associado, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrario de Vairao, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485 - 661 Vairao, Portugal & BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairao, 4485 - 661 Vairao, Portugal & Fundacao Kissama, Luanda, Angola</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="31239D263A02EDB1F911084759FE1698">Keates, Chad</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D3FC594AC038B2420863FA9E7BAFDF86" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3125-9536</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="9E3BF7188AC1A45FE2F827B5823CEAE0">Zoology and Entomology Molecular Lab, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa & South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), Makhanda, South Africa & Department of Nature Conservation Management, Natural Resource Science and Management Cluster, Faculty of Science, George Campus, Nelson Mandela University, George, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="903C97278C35D60CB6FA139E1BCCC7C9">Lobon-Rovira, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="895E57C84AF8D6FDBEB7584199367423" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4380-9427</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="827C0DA9C9E4A6CE71B5A89A40314561">CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigacao em Biodiversidade e Recursos Geneticos, Laboratorio Associado, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrario de Vairao, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485 - 661 Vairao, Portugal & Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, 4169 - 007 Porto, Portugal & BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairao, 4485 - 661 Vairao, Portugal</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="36B849E46D09BFD1D5839E5CBBCC9BC6">Edwards, Shelley</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7DCF8D68D715F6A31345CEF8D4D610A2">Zoology and Entomology Molecular Lab, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="65FC8AED6A0BFA13C09B13EF2670F439">Roedel, Mark-Oliver</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="429DAA97E76A4AF8D14CC6B595D765DC">Museum fuer Naturkunde - Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstr. 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany & Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research - BBIB, Altensteinstr. 34, 14195 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A97C5F23B4BC459E41D25A5045146356">Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2AFB1ABA859EEFBCCFAAE1A088E2A1A9">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F45E189425FA2EECB890D6BB22E52B2A">2023-11-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0FC42B4B21ADAD6E2D287EA5161BA93A">73</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F8C5DFCE8BA9DB60E7C81986972039C1" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e103935</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F4F6755E5E1B5430ACE6243A9E5BF881" ID-GBIF-Taxon="217556476" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FD23B293-0F0F-4EF3-80B9-D7D5F4E0FE75" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F4F6755E5E1B5430ACE6243A9E5BF881" lastPageNumber="991" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
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<subSubSection id="5AE0DD862A2F7E5EFC5274E6259DD18E" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="116DB2F44B297D580E45B44791BEC717" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
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<taxonomicName id="6E33EED45C1B9777C851309DE2250CFE" LSID="https://zoobank.org/FD23B293-0F0F-4EF3-80B9-D7D5F4E0FE75" authority="Baptista & Vaz Pinto & Keates & Lobón-Rovira & Edwards & Rödel, 2023" authorityName="Baptista & Vaz Pinto & Keates & Lobón-Rovira & Edwards & Rödel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus fernandae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fernandae" status="sp. nov.">Poyntonophrynus fernandae</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="4323435F565D956E33C05A77A32CA8DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="7BDB65F608851D165334703B6B558910" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" type="description">
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<paragraph id="42E66B0AB3FE64A893CB5119C8E31E66" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
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<figureCitation id="ECD41A0AE63517F4F1331473F7AAF054" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Females of the new Angolan Poyntonophrynus lineages detected in this study in (A) dorsal, and (B) ventral view. Left to right: P. fernandae sp. nov. (lineage B, ZMB 91791), P. cf. fernandae (lineage A, ZMB 91785), P. nambensis sp. nov. (lineage C, ZMB 91787). Note differences in body size, robustness, relative limbs size, dorsal coloration (hourglass shape only in P. nambensis sp. nov.), and ventral coloration." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934166" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Figures 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="DE9DD0687B373FC8EE6CF01823BA7DAC" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Cranium osteology of Angolan female Poyntonophrynus. A - H Left to right: skulls of P. dombensis (ZMB 91792), P. fernandae sp. nov. (lineage B) (ZMB 91791), P. cf. fernandae (lineage A) (BMNH 2021.7536), and P. nambensis sp. nov. (lineage C) (ZMB 91787), in dorsal view (top row) and lateral view (second row). Green color marks the squamosal, blue indicates the parotic plate, orange indicates the columella, the latter being absent in P. fernandae sp. nov. and P. cf. fernandae. Np identifies the neopalatine. I - L Left to right: squamosals of P. dombensis, P. fernandae sp. nov., P. cf. fernandae, and P. nambensis sp. nov., in 1 - posterior, 2 - anterior, 3 - lateral, and 4 - medial views." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934167" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">, 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="F189689BBDE0B733D95DE87D691ACF89" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. CT-scan reconstructions of arms of male Poyntonophrynus. Left to right: P. pachnodes (UF 184183), P. cf. fernandae (lineage A) (ZMB 91790), P. fernandae sp. nov. (lineage B) (ZMB 91786), and P. nambensis sp. nov. (lineage C) (ZMB 91788), highlighting the humeri. 1 - lateral crest, 2 - ventral crest, 3 - medial crest. Medial and lateral crests on distal part of the humeri, typical of male bufonids, only absent in the reported P. pachnodes male (compare text). Scale bar represents 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934168" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">, 7</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="B1AB356CF3927EE29C76013E0D5914CF" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Holotype of Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. (ZMB 91791, female) in preservative. A Dorsal view. B Ventral view. C Palm of right hand. D Palm of right foot. Photos by F. Tillack. Short scale bars represent 1 mm (A, B), black scale bars represent 5 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934170" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">, 9</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation id="B0B3B04F7FD00BD04835B20E9B1EEFC6" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pictures of live Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. A Female holotype (ZMB 91791). B, C Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days. D Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest. E Female paratype (FKH- 1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils. F Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N. T. Ngan Thanh (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">, 10</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="7E3023B0ABFCF4DC1F5845734B2B835A" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. CT-scan of Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. female holotype (ZMB 91791). A Skeleton in dorsal view. B Lateral, dorsal and ventral views of skull (left to right). C Pectoral girdle in ventral view. D Ventral views of right hand and right foot (left to right). Blue indicates the parotic plate. Scale bars represent 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934172" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">, 11</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ABEBE0616CF1743EF483A5CF2D246D54" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" type="holotype">
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<paragraph id="49562678CB23C797B9E4963A334A6260" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E64BC67BD8F44FA0DCC8B509BF8F1B17" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
ZMB 91791, adult female, collected 12 km N of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CDDC778EEBDE22E50FC8B4CE328529B0" originalValue="Condé">Conde</normalizedToken>
|
||
on rocky ground at the edge of forest, Cuanza-Sul Province, -10.743744°, 14.631923°, 1260 m a.s.l., 22 November 2017, by Pedro Vaz Pinto (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="04D5AC9E97DC0BE57271F2DBD14F2793" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Females of the new Angolan Poyntonophrynus lineages detected in this study in (A) dorsal, and (B) ventral view. Left to right: P. fernandae sp. nov. (lineage B, ZMB 91791), P. cf. fernandae (lineage A, ZMB 91785), P. nambensis sp. nov. (lineage C, ZMB 91787). Note differences in body size, robustness, relative limbs size, dorsal coloration (hourglass shape only in P. nambensis sp. nov.), and ventral coloration." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934166" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">5</figureCitation>
|
||
-
|
||
<figureCitation id="915593D6F7550DC4CC9387C829FBEE1E" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. CT-scan reconstructions of arms of male Poyntonophrynus. Left to right: P. pachnodes (UF 184183), P. cf. fernandae (lineage A) (ZMB 91790), P. fernandae sp. nov. (lineage B) (ZMB 91786), and P. nambensis sp. nov. (lineage C) (ZMB 91788), highlighting the humeri. 1 - lateral crest, 2 - ventral crest, 3 - medial crest. Medial and lateral crests on distal part of the humeri, typical of male bufonids, only absent in the reported P. pachnodes male (compare text). Scale bar represents 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934168" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">7</figureCitation>
|
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="9CF38D9619B517F04063F4357AF4444C" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Holotype of Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. (ZMB 91791, female) in preservative. A Dorsal view. B Ventral view. C Palm of right hand. D Palm of right foot. Photos by F. Tillack. Short scale bars represent 1 mm (A, B), black scale bars represent 5 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934170" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">9</figureCitation>
|
||
-
|
||
<figureCitation id="F7B29D5C7F60D2946F43ED7B12F88A0E" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. CT-scan of Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. female holotype (ZMB 91791). A Skeleton in dorsal view. B Lateral, dorsal and ventral views of skull (left to right). C Pectoral girdle in ventral view. D Ventral views of right hand and right foot (left to right). Blue indicates the parotic plate. Scale bars represent 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934172" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">11</figureCitation>
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||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5E0A88ED29840AFB89DA63994C30B093" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" type="paratypes">
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||
<paragraph id="7E1E5B726F4489D02BB6EF58376232BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Paratypes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="031B7F688468920A9E9A4199D0CEC8B1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">ZMB 91790, adult male, same data as holo-type; BMNH 2021.7534, adult female, collected on a small plant 30 cm high in Congulo Forest, Cuanza-Sul Province, -10.745881°, 14.630576°, 520 m a.s.l., 21 -October 2016, by Ninda L. Baptista, Pedro Vaz Pinto and William R. Branch; BMNH 2021.7535, FKH-1086, two adult females, collected in an accommodation yard at Quibala, in broken rocky foothills of a large granite massif, Cuanza--Sul Province, -10.7399°, 14.979755°, 1303 m a.s.l., 21 September 2018, by Luke Verburgt.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="60639119BAD8D4FB047B9302AF089669" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E9C0F57126A3413ABE3A3E7D29CD403E" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Additional material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C384636F2638D56CE9E84ABE19EA441E" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DAAD432876F8A094EC2AE9B30C14F51F" collectingDate="2017-11" county="Cuanza-Sul Province" elevation="1050" location="Photographic" municipality="Gabela" specimenCount="one" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<location id="9102B7C9DE85BB00577C22EC0991672B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F4F6755E5E1B5430ACE6243A9E5BF881:9102B7C9DE85BB00577C22EC0991672B" county="Cuanza-Sul Province" municipality="Gabela" name="Photographic">Photographic</location>
|
||
record of lineage B (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="8F60A824A9CA73C10BB6F832FB4A8329" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pictures of live Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. A Female holotype (ZMB 91791). B, C Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days. D Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest. E Female paratype (FKH- 1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils. F Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N. T. Ngan Thanh (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">10F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<location id="4DBDC296117C6D419C98EA4C9E2067DA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F4F6755E5E1B5430ACE6243A9E5BF881:4DBDC296117C6D419C98EA4C9E2067DA" county="Cuanza-Sul Province" municipality="Gabela" name="One">One</location>
|
||
male and
|
||
<specimenCount id="B46FB4F62C5E87C9A1BC7259B872698C" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||
(amplectant pair), in
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="2250C5C6BFF8A1AD2108DE2170E1439C">Gabela</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="AB6DD47712E38D82153FDFF5FCFEE270">Cuanza-Sul Province</collectingCounty>
|
||
, approx. -10.85°, 14.38°,
|
||
<elevation id="C0B0B21E90E13EB33C910E51071390AD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" unit="m" value="1050.0">
|
||
<quantity id="70D0B0A4AC47A9A8DF4348C1F36C350B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" unit="m" value="1050.0">1050 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="CD27A855D27563EAF21B9169C61996B7" value="2017-11">November 2017</collectingDate>
|
||
, by Nguyen Thi Ngan Thanh. Not collected
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8CEB20D7D751250E9765A084E87C85F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E402B5C0E400BC3685401F2D4BA0FA0F" accessionNumber="ZMB 91785, ZMB 91786" collectingDate="2016-11-03" collectingDateMax="2020-10-16" collectingDateMin="2016-11-03" collectorName="Ninda L. Baptista, Pedro Vaz Pinto, William R. Branch" county="Cuanza-Sul Province" elevation="1740" location="We" municipality="Chinhundo" specimenCount="two" specimenCount-adult="2" typeStatus="type">
|
||
<location id="9428A91BF84D37DE1718F4112F0CC9F7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F4F6755E5E1B5430ACE6243A9E5BF881:9428A91BF84D37DE1718F4112F0CC9F7" county="Cuanza-Sul Province" municipality="Chinhundo" name="We">We</location>
|
||
restrict the
|
||
<typeStatus id="25D78DD34D83621DA7C67AEAF369EB31">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8F0F1968EFA965FD732E2D3F7043923" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="6888C5B97BEB5AE115EA392E402E9CD2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="DB7656FC67CED93924F15B5417352545" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
to specimens from the escarpment forest and adjacent areas (lineage B).
|
||
<location id="0184EF0AF39392A57C95C28AC62091DF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F4F6755E5E1B5430ACE6243A9E5BF881:0184EF0AF39392A57C95C28AC62091DF" county="Cuanza-Sul Province" municipality="Chinhundo" name="The">The</location>
|
||
vouchers from
|
||
<location id="D8851C7D98A9C8B12D25E044CFC33241" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F4F6755E5E1B5430ACE6243A9E5BF881:D8851C7D98A9C8B12D25E044CFC33241" county="Cuanza-Sul Province" municipality="Chinhundo" name="Namba">Namba</location>
|
||
were listed and reported herein as additional referred material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="009D2A0EFE2290CAF46B0ADC5BCD7968" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">P. cf. fernandae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lineage A):
|
||
<accessionNumber id="6E688033B2FF419007B29AFAFBB32751" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ZMB91785">ZMB 91785</accessionNumber>
|
||
, adult female, collected approximately
|
||
<locationDeviation id="F67FBCEEE2A963C49A6B01D1A6A8DEEC" location="Missao da Namba">
|
||
<quantity id="167F5173F11BA59BB2DB75C3D0402AFE" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
|
||
W of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="43D5E421646C567396CA8986E733893D" originalValue="Missão">Missao</normalizedToken>
|
||
da Namba
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="50F566AF8385B4ACAA4640560DD98DE3">Chinhundo</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="0637B0A1531389F471B563FBC95DBF9E">Cuanza-Sul Province</collectingCounty>
|
||
, -11.914685°, 14.740552°,
|
||
<elevation id="C3083FB8B4E7F2671091D4AF433882B7" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" unit="m" value="1740.0">
|
||
<quantity id="D9CD62B0B6E65532D72774D90E1E851C" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" unit="m" value="1740.0">1740 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="51C9F2A795E5A32310508851C52EB640" value="2020-10-16">16 October 2020</collectingDate>
|
||
, by Pedro Vaz Pinto (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="6AA308CCBFBB8BD04C8DB9BE90391C7C" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Poyntonophrynus cf. fernandae (lineage A) (ZMB 91785, female) in preservative. A Dorsal view. B Ventral view. C Palm of right hand. D Palm of left foot. Short scale bars represent 1 mm (A, B), black scale bars represent 5 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934173" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">12</figureCitation>
|
||
-
|
||
<figureCitation id="7D726455B3986F4CAD66755161EE1442" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. CT-scan of Poyntonophrynus cf. fernandae (lineage A) (ZMB 91785, female). A Skeleton in dorsal view. B Lateral, dorsal and ventral views of skull (left to right). C Pectoral girdle in ventral view. D Ventral views of right hand and right foot (left to right). Blue indicates the parotic plate. Scale bars represent 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934175" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">14</figureCitation>
|
||
; Tables
|
||
<tableCitation id="3BFCF0EF95B29DA235C0EEB2618D443B" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="T6" captionText="Table 5. Comparative table of measurements of adult males and females of Poyntonophrynus pachnodes, P. fernandae sp. nov., P. cf. fernandae, and P. nambensis sp. nov. Values are average + / - standard deviation with range provided in square brackets. For abbreviations of measurements see Methods section. M-male, F-female." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3CBB9799C83BFDA0A6F7983FFF64FAAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" tableUuid="3CBB9799C83BFDA0A6F7983FFF64FAAD">5</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="AC7C99D38ADDF4B083EC4802EABBD7A1" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="T7" captionText="Table 6. Measurements (in mm) of the type series of Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. (lineage B), and the additional vouchers of P. cf. fernandae (lineage A). For abbreviations see Methods section. M-male, F-female." pageId="0" pageNumber="991">6</tableCitation>
|
||
). BMNH 2021.7536, FKH-0463,
|
||
<specimenCount id="8CB44EEA378010D0723498D42C3A37E3" type="adult">two adult</specimenCount>
|
||
females, same data as previous specimen;
|
||
<accessionNumber id="ACA068DA638FB494A23820F5C6C7EE66" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ZMB91786">ZMB 91786</accessionNumber>
|
||
, BMNH 2021.7537
|
||
<specimenCount id="ACF63C85A8E93C90BE2D0E9A8C34A32B" type="adult">two adult</specimenCount>
|
||
males, same collecting locality as previous specimen, collected on
|
||
<collectingDate id="9A78AE1F6BAF334A65A0A0D0A09F196D" value="2016-11-03">03 November 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
, by
|
||
<collectorName id="63FCDD819CC8383CC8F56FB8BFE1E146">Ninda L. Baptista</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="CA7AB2EB45092F8EC46F106362E576F9">Pedro Vaz Pinto</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="3E9F23B39BCADF7CC2B7540AF4FCD58C">William R. Branch</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="487647CF50BD0983160A447EC135FB55" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" start="Table 6" startId="T7">
|
||
<paragraph id="7862C60F932C836BB81F19F0F5712F36" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<emphasis id="C90C0F0A0D15C223A4B2D5C82C8428A8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Table 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (in mm) of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="D17BB34F1DC182EBE2384ECCCD64FB88">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0325E88AD493C9D0C7ABF8A1D3F30492" authorityName="Baptista & Vaz Pinto & Keates & Lobón-Rovira & Edwards & Rödel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus fernandae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="10F33CCBD74BE75738DD050CAD82230A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Poyntonophrynus fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B7068002A97B0AA863106379F5F5FE69" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
(lineage B), and the additional vouchers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F386DCA6F780F661621233811DC216D2" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">P. cf. fernandae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lineage A). For abbreviations see Methods section. M-male, F-female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="742AFE3F629EBD68B700177909C338C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<table id="FA92C1244A5F7297626B29C781193678" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<tr id="9CD200CF89EB7EC886CC5ABD518316D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="74F79452867E201B7BC5257E8D2383D6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="04EB4D21B5A6540880F169D7C2DC4EDC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Current catalogue number</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="539F5711CB2C46410AA78C5B69E2801A" accessionNumber="ZMB 91791" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<td id="24A9FAAE5A4CE33D091A2B52BBE0031E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAE6AD71E08D914287DEBEE583A3EEAB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<accessionNumber id="8AADBA2F7D4247895A86177801C8EACE" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ZMB91791">ZMB 91791</accessionNumber>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="53518DB12161C59A9D2FA861D1C1FF59" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA6E0F32400A0D6D178388B43154B016" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">BMNH 2021.7534</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="73DF78653CE9BF5743B1D79720E17169" accessionNumber="ZMB 91790" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<td id="AD8197ACE54CE9F698C8600EA04D3CFD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="A242BA4F53CAE6435379F7324CCDFEC5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<accessionNumber id="D9F1F6CE431C29035AE430C3ED341447" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ZMB91790">ZMB 91790</accessionNumber>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="27537EB53001FCF5E6659BA2299A8080" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="C3BCC602DDB9ED1ED7167A4A4E249CBE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">BMNH 2021.7535</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="88D4C51D03E03B638BDACCF179BDB176" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="0F6AB7311F3D42F8EFD6BE8E9CF2C460" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">FKH-1086</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="F274D024CC1032F9712E95424D758C9E" accessionNumber="ZMB 91785 ZMB 91786" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="Sex F F M F F F M M F F, Toe, Fin" specimenCount="1547" specimenCount-egg="1509" typeStatus="Holotype">
|
||
<accessionNumber id="8D585C263ECBDFD3033B8E693D5F00D3" isEnumeration="true">
|
||
<td id="360B5FF10B5CE82B1CC26342FF304395" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBBCB14D109E348E7F1260A17215E8AD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">ZMB 91785</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="3F8EEC81556462ECEAC3EB7C072C269B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="82C8E2BF87A5A7A9000F9065E7E1750C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">ZMB 91786</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</accessionNumber>
|
||
<td id="08B08DE1337C503010ABD49642F6BE18" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="141A15CB826EAA8A6F671CF0BDC82D62" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">CHL 0455</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="10417B7D0E85844EB554714B7B1FA220" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="67A48EFF0B6EF67A10B5A23F94730F91" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">BMNH 2021.7536</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="A8E0899F4743A1EA236D1016D5BC29DC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEBAA2266BAE767C4FACD1B2A756D763" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">FKH-0463</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<tr id="ADE4350B778C9D1A930C426A548A0102" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="6021A6BEA03A232B396B0E4B48B085CC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">Former catalogue number</td>
|
||
<td id="81D7FA92A9359435C216AC347013492F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="DC3934ED47C1C4AE4B37D5B2A5038C9F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">CHL 0806</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="E38903AF57ABAF3AB87DF4A2F4B90829" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">CHL 0431</td>
|
||
<td id="E632D4067D6D6BDE937EAEF892FF7F96" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">CHL 0805</td>
|
||
<td id="66AD71245142F6E8554FB12986BEE3FB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="6F61838255EDB3896236982374E26BD1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="9D18CCA3CD41546F819D63D1723C6E06" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">FKH-0461</td>
|
||
<td id="F199C78FF3B41AD605862B80704C36A4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">CHL 0454</td>
|
||
<td id="3D896A714B8F2AD12633E5C8AC167DE4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="15A92210676B09D94FCCF5B08183A4E0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">FKH-0459</td>
|
||
<td id="D50AC41113293AD94125D73628D45D3B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="22DE2132D194513BE3F6B5822F33EB69" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="CFE314F8643FC2BFB82EED54EE7AC56E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">Field number</td>
|
||
<td id="A4A86C7A7A6B361185287E8CE39AEA43" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="E723C23DB3050A71C4E837CA8654F036" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">NB806</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="F349795AD4EF5AD8E6BEF78B302B72F7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">NB431</td>
|
||
<td id="3FB956528040CD7A17D4B64DB3B23C1D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
NB
|
||
<specimenCount id="0F71587965D03A1A9386C3F2BAE792ED" type="egg">
|
||
805
|
||
<td id="8C98D04FA2241689B99F2D8580AA3B61" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
EI_
|
||
<specimenCount id="CA135AA9E0C868923AF166D9B3F5FC22" type="egg">
|
||
704
|
||
<td id="C82919BEA48033920F32D789949625DA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">EI_725</td>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="69DE0B77A98F0AE2F3E1B4AF02B05DE3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">P0-36</td>
|
||
<td id="A1CA91DE231348CE9EBBBA44915F9798" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">NB454</td>
|
||
<td id="BFC5F7BABBDA0AC38FC81018C6B087F7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">NB455</td>
|
||
<td id="A2A36EA9D9A32678C51C49CDC05DCF1B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">P0-34</td>
|
||
<td id="D555816DF4B4A1B93F1199185F693828" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
P0-
|
||
<specimenCount id="5B9F30331DE49FFAB9838F5731394A30" type="generic">
|
||
38
|
||
<tr id="3CD2B077A1973D89AC568EADA2635BCB" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="DF10557870E6CDABCF965F8284CCAC72" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">Type status</td>
|
||
<td id="588F0ECBB81673C4D1E8CC9A5D42F5A3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="0B17600AED98BBA73E47BB997F586203" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<typeStatus id="94BC48A412BEE9B90C520576C460FC1D">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="EDBFE92581D1047CD3CF46B2D9482E07" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<typeStatus id="74823FE10D4483A0AAC95E22C42C6107">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="2B6791C505C898D9B5718ACF60EB475C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<typeStatus id="BF9A31932CF756E8314C032924F4FF2D">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="6A1D4AD4FF6F55F9BF5CC2F4669F3B76" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<typeStatus id="524824D70C9DA1254F23FF9E6C5D36EE">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="AB32947602FDC8A3F35F503E500101DE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<typeStatus id="3A9353AD08192A366A2601FFAFD46B56">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="30F2CACE87BA3480FEDF2604CFB06129" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">additional voucher</td>
|
||
<td id="BC3C5850762710D7D64DB1F06A71E7B4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">additional voucher</td>
|
||
<td id="C16A508C9C792403431EC02DFD75B38F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">additional voucher</td>
|
||
<td id="E95AA2A60DB68D170AB00BE204948F29" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">additional voucher</td>
|
||
<td id="507306E9EF03B97405AC24AB92BA3AB5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">additional voucher</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7AFF072F5DE47A5D18CC11CD49E51456" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2A9F387FCFB0D880F33884AED86C2">
|
||
<td id="E3390605E9812CB98109A439235BB386" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">Sex</td>
|
||
<td id="5ADEF4CB90332B9D4EA8B8BB84157642" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="372F7D3051E694453B9FC3DDEC6E70FD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">F</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="639FBECE2F1EB897434EE1538D95AC5B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">F</td>
|
||
<td id="04AE65CFDB9D7B5B828B490232661E30" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">M</td>
|
||
<td id="49A6CBC9830437C2F0657BF3348C5556" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">F</td>
|
||
<td id="692E0851BCEAC3E97140B3CBAA276243" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">F</td>
|
||
<td id="89F952E3353E94659F151F8A934A2079" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">F</td>
|
||
<td id="8607DC239CFA051762FB40B59210A741" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">M</td>
|
||
<td id="0C2950A52E6D51CB254E4C35A3285240" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">M</td>
|
||
<td id="A0D18BA36FB0D767EB0ECA755FFB84D8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">F</td>
|
||
<td id="645C9C5EE501CCA13056D2A48EE6056B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">F</td>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5255251E1420BF8BB0F9251B29298FF2" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="E26846F890E9CB7499B01940896F096F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">SVL</td>
|
||
<td id="910BC1D3CABDA8D4CD5ECB7D292A903F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAFEAC5EF9826F59035938132E1A7F4C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">29.4</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="A4382BEED841204784C3F7E30CB75C9A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">29.1</td>
|
||
<td id="D7ECE061D2B4D5B23855247AAF6195C5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">25.8</td>
|
||
<td id="4C984C99EA43C1597D2E80F7E581DF52" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">29.9</td>
|
||
<td id="9C756021DE44FC1A0E916597590605FD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">28.5</td>
|
||
<td id="AF9B6B031283854CCB9013FBEBEC035B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">31.8</td>
|
||
<td id="2AB930F9465BB777C71E0A832AAC317A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">24.2</td>
|
||
<td id="D23C856D6DECE6327606A53E73CA8B61" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">23.9</td>
|
||
<td id="3734D5F4E63DCF2C29B6DB508FE90288" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">31.6</td>
|
||
<td id="B0674D44CC47069347EC2FDDB90413BC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">30.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B74FC4C1763E8D72D8A0FDC37ACAF000" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="3DF88F32EDA34EB414CB1DC16934C052" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">HW</td>
|
||
<td id="7805432BCFDD55D599DF86D565C9C57C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE45103F2A73308AC70FF0E40F39574E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">10.3</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="E99FD618BF2112D392BBB1FF023710E1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">10.0</td>
|
||
<td id="1F4828ED9B5E034AD79F06DAC5BBC9C9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">9.5</td>
|
||
<td id="8D80AB0C161C8BA0B29CB740981D5657" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">10.1</td>
|
||
<td id="C552A75E15C1279C0B3A8F9DD5A66B4E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">9.1</td>
|
||
<td id="B307A52AF7B0F30CCA3678EC5C916BA4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">9.8</td>
|
||
<td id="745AC17791E9E57992B8109E25955945" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">8.1</td>
|
||
<td id="7088F6C58E7F40950C0F824343789BE3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">9.1</td>
|
||
<td id="83DB2013D001B4AAEB0F0D199F36D345" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">9.8</td>
|
||
<td id="054E7065A5102491F3560FC011C774AD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">10</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="CA4A4C2C50B0E0E61A3AACAEEF9B8544" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="11C2EE5ED429A886CE0A1A39B5305D99" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">HL</td>
|
||
<td id="6D1A0712F66CBA9825EA793E478804AE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="52988DE73C60CC9E677D9DBF26455B24" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">8.1</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="025C56A0E487C54FE1128D0B00B00164" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">8.0</td>
|
||
<td id="CC1592ACFFDDB3489024953B5A0E9E02" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">7.7</td>
|
||
<td id="90EC4E7B70E794C66D40CA1C4CE2EB96" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">7.7</td>
|
||
<td id="926825F3F14D2BF57FBF63D80817BFCD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">7.2</td>
|
||
<td id="3C35DF4F3D7849970CD1F3E754310F87" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">7.8</td>
|
||
<td id="9C1A583C2D0FADFC4ED4A52D49F0CE1C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">7.0</td>
|
||
<td id="A88B3513CE4FDE9622F3C43C6711683A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">7.5</td>
|
||
<td id="4B910E64919214A4047E9D2B591B84F7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">7.9</td>
|
||
<td id="65146D503186B7C27E825477295BA9F3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">7.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="9CA1C3514BE8AD4DF58EC0D2F07A59B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="E84AAE708DC523ED4CB073F2DB5945B0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">IOD</td>
|
||
<td id="233A471CED8B68C3720510A416243750" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="EC0EE907AC81C1F75088C4C325B46674" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">3.5</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="4823E4C9C05740B1FDDC3DE152BC0CE3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.0</td>
|
||
<td id="3650CC2FD4F5FAB73C45B7B20D602984" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="70CF97764DB922399222D3879B2A8FD5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="1B49B5D78CC600854977C07DF479927F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="FF3F38194E13EEAFA373DC1371DDD23B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.8</td>
|
||
<td id="464EA825136205666D015B5DCD13FC5D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="5700CCBC754F637CEABCBD07046F8EA8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="96328CD2AD1098E2C3ECBCCEE3030854" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="5435623BD1ABFA1F2D5641374AC84A61" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="1A3D4F9012B15E771608449AE1934B9D" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="E1BB1993B1B9115581740AD46CADAEFA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">ED</td>
|
||
<td id="7CBA98709B3D8DB18B6A0D2CFA363D20" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="9B5E51A0468EF06ACBE7E643F2CEBC4F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">2.9</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="68152F4CF3EEECEFF1B2302251212403" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.8</td>
|
||
<td id="A9241673772A75A17437B6AF883CB3E9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.8</td>
|
||
<td id="B391513A7C1E37BE2E32992714E8081D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.2</td>
|
||
<td id="40A83F209A1380CF8C08F567515ADEBF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.8</td>
|
||
<td id="648B80FF99DE21E4B9E08012E602E54D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="798EE3150A236B11E6DFFCFA1D418E63" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="D15B9B839C3B6806441EE342734BA2B7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.8</td>
|
||
<td id="620C0FF2CB881CA5DF30991EF694FA8C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="72C4395100409EF9D9599B4370708EDE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="807BE8E7B5FE91F0C5C9944FD8D2DC08" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="30F1A6152DA0B2B42A7AE0BC4B5961AD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">IND</td>
|
||
<td id="2F0D9897D937E09A38893C418F0EE614" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="3916F71D001E45E4D2265D95457F0559" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">2.1</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7E8DBE7C10780DE1DD71160A01267F0E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.9</td>
|
||
<td id="A89509E5B2A56328B4DF226CD63CA731" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.9</td>
|
||
<td id="8D3140D1FA7146F93F063B18746C599B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="9AC1739F011430EED8E719467B0AD149" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="7E88AC01CA3C4CA4C70A17E484BCCF1F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.0</td>
|
||
<td id="662FAAC595BC98F6530CCE8B5AB98E0D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="81778894A69C22E61481856EDB101CAB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="16A3F3AA179A14752531A9406099D6BE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="914950AB8C6A55D82A18767CE682E33F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7086D9156E380DE52BC1EB8AB498CDC4" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="DED6EDF6E93864A931D2B19F1CC38C79" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">END</td>
|
||
<td id="0AFA39DA104F896E76E6146FB55185F5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EBDE92F632423BAD30F50F2870674A9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">2.4</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="4D7B3478721504FAAC9A7BE2D91357B3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="B9B3B42182EA26E757EA00AFA060FB43" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="5E1879C3E843C0E9508E420F1AD904F4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="DBE1B72B351884EA1EE53572CA9BDAB8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="4D41CF8294C8E26F0EE4EAE9D83A2D32" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="205E0B49578984EA15EDD357DE7D68B4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="0C22CC25323E208F66B73F024546D231" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="35B709A2C806072A3BB2FEC99C849FC2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="FA9A146BD303ECBE517E4AA1DB60EEBA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="988B199AA925B9E0644D101D0314134A" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="19C4A41EE90F4828C445941F6804602E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">UEW</td>
|
||
<td id="81426667D2516B25BE47E2F5CF1C2EFF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="300FEAC32B81B69D27AFE289A086A404" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">2.0</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="E1CC652BA012091DD4E3FA5FAC2E62AE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="6BF1C55D2ED3001C23D62D855FC22A23" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.9</td>
|
||
<td id="A08154919980212C0CCB32BCD9071B6A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="52299E24C4D3B2055CFE8F75F2C33D2B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="7D0A1EF09FF1EF60D808FA6B4591AB22" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.9</td>
|
||
<td id="04993B50793F90F2FE1652ED195AC198" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.0</td>
|
||
<td id="4C6647EF9DD34EF91E514A376F547F9E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="2EAE05DFC0256C2F2E1274599FAE4CD0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.0</td>
|
||
<td id="78FFCEAEE9BE1D1296B0D68C816049D9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="2464D15CAAEA03D7CD1930FCB5BB550E" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="F3D32D76D2C1DE740F7632697CA9F6C1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">SL</td>
|
||
<td id="00D86DB5390CF29916867C1F69CA7B39" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="03B3DFE90AD4B989E186DD216DD19A60" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">4.1</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="D16E8C0A9998CC1C04BA7396EAD62F9A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="9F9318B8E48C15720BF773D1F572AE5F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="1A90BF86F24FE10993C82C7977ED3276" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">4.2</td>
|
||
<td id="40F38FDA98FA6F48B5037FABA7CF44FA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.8</td>
|
||
<td id="42FEA33B818459BA3FEF712E2182B18D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.7</td>
|
||
<td id="5B5492500AC536770D4F99F80904114D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.5</td>
|
||
<td id="B2AC6E002FAD988B5CEE49AFC1AF0380" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.2</td>
|
||
<td id="E5CBBC5FBB6FC146D287DEE22AA46609" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.9</td>
|
||
<td id="B2417D58E5A814D223266718D06E4214" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A39F075AE7D8AA7BEE4DE8062FCC8B8E" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="581FA0563CAF1F768F94CB77F8CC445F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">NS</td>
|
||
<td id="190113EB00F0292AEE79C7C33CA90E69" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="10052B8A5D094232739E46DF9403B9D7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">1.3</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="58D5D9E1F59833A753B3BE559675E733" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="8A401EF0206A2A7051B4A2C36F966747" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="1890267E02C47E93F35AA1A8F8E99CD7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="1F74E6E4CD0250D5E3C494918355C6A1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="B7299253FEC5A91CE9C931006618C23C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="F5F8811AFE4ECE696883D0947C5C8ABF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="2421D79154C92754D9E4CD53F5D07050" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="75C80E9A908B10651488D6164206C7FC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="D398B1F12597BBB377004F77695F9D7B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D8051BBCA3EE5BA544444DCCD9D1C2BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="2C82B10B427690BB9620F50688D47374" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">THL</td>
|
||
<td id="DF0E27320C8450BE4BBB137F4F37A4D8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DE2A643F74C43BE43839D118EB30479" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">12.4</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="042E3108C3CCE1B8012A4400847B9AD4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">12.1</td>
|
||
<td id="C8269731D8EF71CF9985CD91271C00EA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">11</td>
|
||
<td id="A7D95AB531016A6E5F67E85A116C1A28" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">13.0</td>
|
||
<td id="67895D8A0CAD97CB55D73A9DC7654E50" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">12.4</td>
|
||
<td id="1180E12A5D1EDC8DDD2E174A951A5143" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">11.2</td>
|
||
<td id="EC9A5D9ABE0556956A0BC866632DA0BE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">10.0</td>
|
||
<td id="4BFDF9E46790303B562AA6001F7C0288" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">10.7</td>
|
||
<td id="EFC5FC31B7996C67047240F5C3DA7798" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">11.5</td>
|
||
<td id="2B895C01D09F8A62A2E8C11B98124B27" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">11.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="ED01BD22544AF451CE4E36AC07941EC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="0A4E7E646E89C99F3C8F06EF467416DE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">TL</td>
|
||
<td id="F483333E3D93BCDC5C58CC8F0CB0953F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="088DD3CA22546AD0896EFC0EE1D84199" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">11.9</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="3D902AD7AC12C6C80E9F5D4CCE8E7A03" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">12.0</td>
|
||
<td id="DD538DF7A151F650AF68F314CC88A7FB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">11.4</td>
|
||
<td id="485CB7C61F463CF9DCB13A0FF8EE6071" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">12.2</td>
|
||
<td id="84C6B0D6E85666CB0927C0B76056A7CB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">11.1</td>
|
||
<td id="7C020FF1C1827680CB23FA0B36B52D04" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">11.3</td>
|
||
<td id="59057EA92DAA3ABF9B2BD51E70F7D13E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">10.9</td>
|
||
<td id="6D8F5B5EED13D3CF076613DA012A5B76" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">10.4</td>
|
||
<td id="629A863966A1219F25AA9378695DCA30" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">11.9</td>
|
||
<td id="3D1AE2C1879A8808E6EFB993F4A64F46" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">11.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="ED86DC06B5F87599B04700D7A8FAA436" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="B5FC458F289A9F7746BA30A9EFB50F9A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">TaL</td>
|
||
<td id="AFD8478057D7F2FCAC9723530606269C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="1F14A0A0403DD431081B1E8D81AE0F97" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">5.9</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="0EDF6D46E0905E4C0C82AA6E99AACD43" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.4</td>
|
||
<td id="E820CE45B34601CFA7E483176DC2E408" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.6</td>
|
||
<td id="4FEE3F60E30F09EFE970B9BA3B267D63" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.8</td>
|
||
<td id="A12928EAA13D49572CE259AE47750779" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.9</td>
|
||
<td id="C1B43C8653FE6C869951EECB4EEC3137" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.2</td>
|
||
<td id="E90A794049D03641EAAA1A386D950DAF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.4</td>
|
||
<td id="2B2747683E9E38E84E74FB62CEAD1B81" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.4</td>
|
||
<td id="4000F8E4466275A3D5BB92CBE8A3E784" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.3</td>
|
||
<td id="0D041EF6A051A8BB9F336CE4AF5B03FE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">7.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="EB59928D8CD3F08365F8D326F1A91827" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="82E2C0B47FDEEABB92777A140A1BDDB7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">FL</td>
|
||
<td id="572EC8BAF0785A49446F22EA268FFCC4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0DE3E0B9564E5A00E0AF00DAD32D838" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">11.0</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="A336EBEE164E8457417D3B98B0DB878C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">12.1</td>
|
||
<td id="EAD0CDA017FFC0A4C3C19784F9E16CAD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">10.1</td>
|
||
<td id="47AD8967115607C9503B3F54E3E80F22" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">10.0</td>
|
||
<td id="822021B28628E2B5FA77AB4A343627DF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">10.2</td>
|
||
<td id="FF4B3B571C3216518446256F17941369" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">10.2</td>
|
||
<td id="67274C777DC65946CFE03919A9D13219" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">9.0</td>
|
||
<td id="635643AD24E9833A4EDF95AAC45C18BE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">9.9</td>
|
||
<td id="4B2BBB82F8F0D7C3D030859F549ED5EB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">11.4</td>
|
||
<td id="E6BF9A551FEB559578546B4C25F4FA90" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">11.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="2FE513288464C0AE008BCCCBDE8386DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="1D5D5805573E748192C358F1E947565A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<collectorName id="BA9301AD51353456AD27B71C830372FC">Toe</collectorName>
|
||
4L
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="11A4F2EE44B8E95DB95EF7662B0028EE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="7C31A6892AE93E9CE3376621AAFAF006" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">6.0</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="9902EBF7DF360957ED751EEACBC59A22" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.7</td>
|
||
<td id="FFCA9F93F78C1D9AFE0B3FAA4B5830B3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.1</td>
|
||
<td id="E12832779B720663BAF7F89E053BBEBD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.6</td>
|
||
<td id="65B0C313182D66F693AD93C15CB220DD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.6</td>
|
||
<td id="9FAFD32D52928E2A632B80F94800918F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.3</td>
|
||
<td id="E5F2EE12383E1AD62AB0F2E1313D7EE9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">4.7</td>
|
||
<td id="3B0975DD014CAE8806158040445CF90D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.0</td>
|
||
<td id="99B6FB0B6ACF5208C433EE754D58D319" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.2</td>
|
||
<td id="9C8CF5CE11935D7EBEEAC179FCA36256" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="FBF274CFBBFC6C23A79D6E40434FA1DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="CB075951B0FF21CBFE51148D7B906317" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">IMTL</td>
|
||
<td id="312304EC318A4ED3D2A9758C3D8A1D94" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AE9F147C8E14D203F7E74C0138FE35C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">1.5</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="032986936FB84745CACBD11EBC39F89C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="010AA9AB6D157904751EEC624C069039" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="BE32E70B77475EB4CCE466EC4B6C38DE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="D4F6D423D67B3750CB190EC8E1809861" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="5BB33C9B31B433209853209736A32DB0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="0FDDF5943E34275B9A25218A7DDFF39A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="A87CBD06C0A6A525524CA9A97ED4E91D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="D5065FBA2E82E0C2AA2F4E030D74B61B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="52DF7C84C58FEBF63E917A9897DEDD93" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">1.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D0E89FC11E6B64D420997412D61530C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="0DE91E3A1686E0804A75E990B27780F4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">UAL</td>
|
||
<td id="BBC40AE76D0307A6B74B772AB51CDF5C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="36AEDF42954E90AAA73939F6978A1609" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">5.2</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="0CE7F21F117601C919961E9729666562" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.8</td>
|
||
<td id="A8AFA52F1D946BC1F0B9E3BE5A0CFD5F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.0</td>
|
||
<td id="2B6E45B794BE1BA583EFE2140E3D1B31" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">4.8</td>
|
||
<td id="AE4BF912BF6599019D718B7964432E82" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">4.7</td>
|
||
<td id="A9AAB2062A0F2372037A3B9B2C3DEBAF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.3</td>
|
||
<td id="3A4C180EBAD04948B4D26430A57EBA9C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.2</td>
|
||
<td id="58107E1AFAF61EE3F26C578205238408" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.0</td>
|
||
<td id="D7848267F1C314E608EEF3F8E54A797D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">4.9</td>
|
||
<td id="3CC7B56DFC3169638E3F3BD47F9D1647" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="FB7DB215C518B69B7075745781104205" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="BCBD659BE0343005C4BBBFF658032FCD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">FLL</td>
|
||
<td id="A944E1E191DAB4ABBE0A476219304EEC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="835CF91CFC68FC0F94D3ED847B0B64B5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">7.0</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="913B0E0243B6C92771E93AA7F28AB0F9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">7.5</td>
|
||
<td id="F5CAF80836173D2EA056A382AF6CD111" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.7</td>
|
||
<td id="1B0F973EB1AB1A4A62E290D5117FEF92" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.8</td>
|
||
<td id="3EC3B7D84C17044BCB7494C33379B117" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">7.1</td>
|
||
<td id="06B4318DB9E59405DBA50B2B536238BA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.8</td>
|
||
<td id="4005C32F121B60050716FA9C33AC9128" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.0</td>
|
||
<td id="917C074951CFF3A9E96C6BAD0B63C169" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.6</td>
|
||
<td id="F64F02A072C40BD0A30B94D73F2BD6C1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">7.2</td>
|
||
<td id="4C4339D4FF5C56B8D8E82917E7E63751" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="1CF5EF874D6262B5C50ACFEE1F3AA34E" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="0FAB28D0707F5DD91E954D9925576500" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">HAL</td>
|
||
<td id="1E0759D48462C6BBE1842A85B6A851DF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="BB6D28CF25DB34F12753B9585367696D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">6.7</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="9C0D89E8D180EDEF5350332ACE2610C6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.9</td>
|
||
<td id="ADC3929465A3115CCE5941AC31CB23E2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.6</td>
|
||
<td id="225AC76E349AC6126F27B75EF2A05814" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.5</td>
|
||
<td id="1FDC53C5EBB2F751758166296961B54B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.5</td>
|
||
<td id="C8EC8E3B1246DFECAFF2FCDACA7B3DFE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.6</td>
|
||
<td id="D46D6A3B0BD6D764FCDB946B26D337F1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.6</td>
|
||
<td id="D8E3FA3157159343D8F51E1A86D5EA22" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">5.3</td>
|
||
<td id="C553F2B93B4C552D16A533A3DBA80E90" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">7.3</td>
|
||
<td id="BE92332A34894C712ABFE33355AEA8B3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">6.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="BD48B4423674C816B484F0E8AACC6BD2" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<td id="D619E1DD4CC6B4A70800AFE3FA0A5E88" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<collectorName id="AFF28C273D3B04C800F676B160E9F41A">Fin</collectorName>
|
||
3L
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="0AAE50DE37B8474A8B230550458DF332" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF9EF6D461EEA5CDA7245FE9EF075F0E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">3.8</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="B86A84F1F4A5D1CBE9186EC93E099443" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="280F4C5DDE371B07ADC72AA7BAE7E522" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.4</td>
|
||
<td id="F9D91E0B5637E3A65E2654BB14100155" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.2</td>
|
||
<td id="B385EC80C9B38EE1D305E6FC570AAFC9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.0</td>
|
||
<td id="B6D5924821610954EFD21164817C6287" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.4</td>
|
||
<td id="F62C03FF02CD7819E58D486ED1E683D1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="64CD612904BF4236D8419906CB002632" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="E8CECB4ECE79D619D29BEE8F8FE39352" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="99F4A6F8C082433B0C7F37CA1A610FC3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rowspan="1">3.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="85E6EEA01518FE068AB55FABD03D0C17" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" type="definition">
|
||
<paragraph id="07848BAA5D8CEAA80702DF77272DE5F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Definition.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FC4C3DE7E110197AE14A47B85ACC4DE9" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="247AADE3F41A07E7C41B948B7BC989BE" authorityName="Baptista & Vaz Pinto & Keates & Lobón-Rovira & Edwards & Rödel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus fernandae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="C812764EA8C7760493977DDCB2E56161" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Poyntonophrynus fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="85D8512BFAE2657021578E5C97D58672" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
sensu lato are medium-sized pygmy toads with females larger than males, sexual dimorphism in skin texture (females rougher than males), and sexual dichromatism (females with complex dorsal patterns vs. males plain or partially bright yellow; females with speckles ventrally vs. males with nearly immaculate venter). No tarsal fold. Subarticular tubercles at the base of fingers and toes mostly single, and those at the joint between phalanges usually double. Tympanum not visible. Conspicuous parotoid glands, with curved outer edge. Usually two phalanges of toes III and V free of web, webbing between toes III and IV vestigial, not serrated. One or two enlarged palmar tubercles: one large, rounded to triangular-shaped very well developed outer metacarpal tubercle, and one smaller rounded inner metacarpal tubercle sometimes absent. Females with typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6522CCE0646AB81C12458115B77497DF" authorityName="Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sa, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green & Wheeler" authorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75A8406091902B4F44711B4AB7F4AA75" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Poyntonophrynus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
arrangement of dorsal coloration pattern: pale single occipital, mid-dorsal, sacral and above arm insertion blotches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="94C53BF0E58116C165DA660173444E12" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A76D23D66D3F32C6BF920B842BA59E78" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">P. cf. fernandae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lineage A) differ from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8111C19B8B5E45CA5C1B137C9477D614" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="0ABC785F7D3D814E14E644862424F22B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9138A49F03385EE2AEB3E2A33508E0C2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
(lineage B) in shape of parotoid glands (elevated vs. flattened), conspicuousness of dorsal glandular warts (evident vs. discrete), dorsal coloration (dull vs. complex, colorful, in different shades of orange, green and black), ventral coloration (dark thick speckles vs. pale thin speckles), relative width of dark cross-bands on the limbs (similar width than pale ones and dull vs. much wider than pale ones, and orange on the outer surface of the limbs), inner metacarpal tubercle (conspicuous and always present vs. discrete and sometimes absent), overall sturdiness (sturdy vs. slender), relative limb size (short vs. long). Males differ from males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84C39C94F36CE7E2A7726B09CE452CA1" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="FD663627CBD70A5CB65589072341F402" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="307C76AC21A5E199BF161F7CB0312F50" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
(lineage B) in dorsal coloration (dull coloration with similar pattern than females, but partially with yellow on flanks and thighs vs. plain bright yellow).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E5C601D7AF43875059072CFD71500A38" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="79B109C23A632EB59EEE3E7BE556EEDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="270FDFC26CA58A1EBE56A7743859243A" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5803C121CFD69B9B03DE819A85A9DD14" authorityName="Baptista & Vaz Pinto & Keates & Lobón-Rovira & Edwards & Rödel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus fernandae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="97CAD2BF43ED567D9FB8C328C7A23D8D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Poyntonophrynus fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5E9A440A066B15CD77639F0D543D2E4F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
sensu lato differs from all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E148032FEFFFB7CB1C835B4E02C48A39" authorityName="Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sa, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green & Wheeler" authorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6CFCE7913C787A013688715FFFCCCE4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Poyntonophrynus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDD6CBB3E20076E042EC92F975BB855E" lsidName="P. pachnodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="pachnodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="2D062AC001F6ACDBDFA7EE7806241410" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. pachnodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in lacking a tympanum and a columella. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="924F6225667E1B82506434F9FC8F9260" lsidName="P. pachnodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="pachnodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="FBF02B0F4A0DD148C616FF8E971AC613" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. pachnodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a better-developed neopalatine. Males differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="413F5D51DC17955624520ABE06C17512" lsidName="P. pachnodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="pachnodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="6DFEAB90AF5EB1C21ADDE6E36BAF3B45" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. pachnodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12AC069F834701D7EE9EE4BEBCA0F20A" lsidName="P. nambensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="nambensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2D9174BA0F55CFCBD4606408116AFE1E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. nambensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CFC2F156309FE278C7D4771E19F13987" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
in dorsal coloration (partially or plain bright yellow vs. complex dull patterns in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D888F52D6A49F30F057F5263FA60E577" lsidName="P. pachnodes" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="pachnodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1D9420BC5FC352AB86DBC0C52EF186C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. pachnodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7A224708AFAEE8F55B88B479F3317B5A" lsidName="P. nambensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="nambensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="6A81EBD8085A1C26EAFFF92ADE4D820D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. nambensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="7B10F741A68A474E4B858BDB23A24C94" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EC920C42D45B8E6525B7F7C606F10FD9" lsidName="P. nambensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="nambensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D71E4E9ABEC2CA6B784365829DEC7F91" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. nambensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="74B711B5621690B3C8A78FE7BE437FE9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
in being smaller, less sturdy, and having relatively longer fore and hindlimbs, in ventral coloration (speckles vs. nearly immaculate). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3A565BC12F63EAED3D39413D7E972B51" lsidName="P. beiranus" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="beiranus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E45078C478DB26528A6C5402A5A700F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. beiranus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in parotoid glands conspicuousness (conspicuous, with clearly demarcated margins vs. inconspicuous). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A36FA97353C0415456FA1BB441BA07EC" lsidName="P. damaranus" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="damaranus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4C5F7ECCBAFD1903C5B96ACBDEFCB9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. damaranus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in ventral patterning (speckles vs. immaculate). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB6AD2CCA866447228A5AEB3DF63A6FB" lsidName="P. dombensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="dombensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2A8654881C516F2F4A0A80F1C297CEAA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. dombensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in tympanum (not visible vs. conspicuous), and ventral patterning (speckles vs. immaculate). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="29B8933EB7FDE39F33F72E4682B23320" lsidName="P. fenoulheti" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fenoulheti">
|
||
<emphasis id="48B8B6DC9D3076D5BB27E8CD6375A755" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. fenoulheti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in parotoid glands width (thinner or around same width of eye diameter vs. wider than eye diameter). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EC52F01CAEC49DD6924C9F9C4836627A" lsidName="P. grandisonae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="grandisonae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6D558D908F0D5473FE33E65FD4B13B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. grandisonae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in tympanum (not visible vs. conspicuous) and skin texture (rough vs. leathery). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="07AFA209AC1A357BCA3B2795DE1A648B" lsidName="P. grindleyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="grindleyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="435F3B50B4BD31E6954A224E46B2CE83" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. grindleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in pale occipital and sacral patches (present vs. absent) and dorsal spines (small vs. large). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CBC21F6FA1056D187A2F0A55814C6915" lsidName="P. hoeschi" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="hoeschi">
|
||
<emphasis id="AB9E5C1F8F921D301E9C8CEBBA06E393" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. hoeschi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in ventral patterning (speckles vs. immaculate). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DF3C7EB3BBE4D215801DBDAD7A83FFF" lsidName="P. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="jordani">
|
||
<emphasis id="9856ED668E7FA84833AB06B43C4DFD9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. jordani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in shape of parotoid glands (kidney-shaped vs. a cluster of glands) and pale occipital patch (present vs. absent). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7819B0C7603D72B50592618527249235" lsidName="P. lughensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="lughensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BF850DBA05F9E573A431719081252CC1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. lughensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in conspicuousness of parotoid glands (conspicuous vs. inconspicuous) and tympanum (not visible vs. conspicuous). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C749262ADBFE7643A65A4B769F5338D" lsidName="P. kavangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="kavangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB1B81567022D19AF02DE324ABA9A648" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. kavangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in foot webbing (non-serrated vs. serrated), dorsal patterning (absent vertebral line vs. present), and ventral patterning (speckles vs. immaculate). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6EA756AB915201EAC239B65ABFC00DA6" lsidName="P. parkeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="parkeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4B5EC4B201126D0B53A1023AC61FD28" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. parkeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in ventral patterning (speckles vs. immaculate). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E1AFC88D6561CFF7D0A3A377BBBE23CB" lsidName="P. vertebralis" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="vertebralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="46550DB4621D97D0D0EBC8A4DC2553B6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. vertebralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in dorsal patterning (vertebral line absent vs. present), and conspicuousness of parotoid glands (conspicuous vs. inconspicuous).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F01E7BEA8928F47FB8250570540E0646" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="6AE4E4651E3988EF29A91AC80FE82FD6" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Holotype description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B77B94229CCB50C7EF018DA1250ECC9D" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<emphasis id="CA3A52DDBCB3BD4FB84191D2DDBF6640" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">External morphology</emphasis>
|
||
. Small (SVL 29.4 mm), slender, gravid female (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="E30D61B268EBB77283790659825B4EC8" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Holotype of Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. (ZMB 91791, female) in preservative. A Dorsal view. B Ventral view. C Palm of right hand. D Palm of right foot. Photos by F. Tillack. Short scale bars represent 1 mm (A, B), black scale bars represent 5 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934170" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">9</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9ED4972039889AC9F59434B15225810" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pictures of live Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. A Female holotype (ZMB 91791). B, C Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days. D Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest. E Female paratype (FKH- 1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils. F Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N. T. Ngan Thanh (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">10</figureCitation>
|
||
, all measurements in Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="51AAB3F92733E5927209B211C69B48FB" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="T7" captionText="Table 6. Measurements (in mm) of the type series of Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. (lineage B), and the additional vouchers of P. cf. fernandae (lineage A). For abbreviations see Methods section. M-male, F-female." pageId="0" pageNumber="991">6</tableCitation>
|
||
). SVL approximately 2.9 times head width, 3.6 times head length, 2.4 times thigh length, 2.5 times tibiofibula length, and 4.2 times forearm length. Head rounded in dorsal view. Head length approximately 0.8 head width. Rostral tip rounded in dorsal and lateral views, truncate in ventral view. Eyes projecting laterally just beyond eyelids and not beyond margins of head in dorsal view. Eye not projecting above dorsal margin of head in lateral view. Interorbital distance approximately 1.2 times eye diameter, and approximately 1.7 times internarial distance. Eye diameter approximately 1.2 times eye-nostril distance, and 2.2 times naris to rostral tip. Tympanum not visible. Naris small, oval, directed dorsolaterally. Canthus rostralis sharp. Loreal region concave. Limbs and digits slender and well-developed. Tarsal fold absent. Digits of manus and pes elongated. Finger III length approximately 0.5 times hand length. Relative length of fingers: III> IV> II> I. Finger tips rounded, not expanded to discs. Fingers with prominent subarticular tubercles that are always double or bilobate, except under finger IV, which is single, on the right hand; and double or bilobate at the base of fingers I, II, and under finger III, and single at the base of fingers III, IV, and under finger IV, on the left hand. Plants of hands beset with supernumerary tubercles. Digits with subdigital tubercles, often double. Oval outer metacarpal tubercle well developed, larger and much more conspicuous and protuberant than inner metacarpal tubercle (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="E72ED326769E93E3B412EBBCC6FE4D93" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Holotype of Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. (ZMB 91791, female) in preservative. A Dorsal view. B Ventral view. C Palm of right hand. D Palm of right foot. Photos by F. Tillack. Short scale bars represent 1 mm (A, B), black scale bars represent 5 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934170" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">9C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Webbing between manual digits absent. Toe IV length approximately 0.6 times foot length. Relative length of toes IV> III = V> II> I. Toe tips rounded, not expanded to discs. Toes with prominent subarticular tubercles that are always single at toe bases, except for toe I on right foot, which is double, toe I on left foot, which is not visible, and those at the joint between phalanges being all double and elongated, except under finger V on right foot, which is single. Toes without a margin of web. Webbing between toes vestigial, webbing margin not serrated. Inner metatarsal tubercle prominent, nearly diamond shaped, pointy, approximately half the length of toe I, and less than twice longer than outer. Outer metatarsal tubercle prominent, oval. Mid-tarsal tubercle discrete, same size of the remaining tarsal tubercles, near medial edge and positioned at around the middle of the tarsus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="75BA4C46F735593F646843D0B0647E16" doi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934170" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
|
||
<paragraph id="C0B4BC70BD397C6C307C01867C5C6173" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<emphasis id="659A98ACD9B296F689D7542AFBF428FC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FF39B5CFE51DFE29824E3CA8D5E825C" authorityName="Baptista & Vaz Pinto & Keates & Lobón-Rovira & Edwards & Rödel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus fernandae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="5807B6C919789A1CB2688F4491D4D7BB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Poyntonophrynus fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3AEE481D6DA00DFC52BB475BC575BCE6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
(ZMB 91791, female) in preservative.
|
||
<emphasis id="66B2DFB12222477B9A20A1F382949422" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">A</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="34BEDDE01419AFCE4D3E6BB8E341FAD7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">B</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A3F447A7F2A3EE15BA6CE2B63089C2F6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">C</emphasis>
|
||
Palm of right hand.
|
||
<emphasis id="0BA41D4A36A6F302AF8C401610F45B29" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">D</emphasis>
|
||
Palm of right foot. Photos by F. Tillack. Short scale bars represent 1 mm (A, B), black scale bars represent 5 mm (C, D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="B51814733384C0D7470B520525ABE157" doi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
|
||
<paragraph id="189CFDDDCA9A1395FD349B1D34019F89" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<emphasis id="50A2B95DF9C0F92CAC0D583527440CA2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Pictures of live
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD73FBA60EBB9C5848E8C05CA5ED420" authorityName="Baptista & Vaz Pinto & Keates & Lobón-Rovira & Edwards & Rödel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus fernandae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="E2024E3B9757A668CA7969B9A5EB0CE5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Poyntonophrynus fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="75718B9142C5BC6E0D59CCD330245822" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov. A</emphasis>
|
||
Female holotype (ZMB 91791).
|
||
<emphasis id="8CC107BA9DD84859BA289359420D81E1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">B</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="CEDBE44EE6CC41C5A1691D19333F8113" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">C</emphasis>
|
||
Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days.
|
||
<emphasis id="4B7F7857CCBAD420BBB56800A9EA1B77" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">D</emphasis>
|
||
Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest.
|
||
<emphasis id="65619695FA53A69460574F46EA4476F9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">E</emphasis>
|
||
Female paratype (FKH-1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils.
|
||
<emphasis id="15A89519FF01D2DAEE1AC70BAAFA8BD4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">F</emphasis>
|
||
Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N.T. Ngan Thanh (F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="1087C462E6316E7DE316492B162084D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Dorsal skin rough, texture resembling sandpaper, with pale-tipped conical spines on dorsum, arms, legs, and lateral surface of snout. Skin of top of head smooth. Ventral and gular skin, and skin of ventral surface of limbs covered in minuscule spines, less pronounced and pointy than dorsal ones. Skin of venter and gular region granular. Parotoid glands elongated, flattened, conspicuous, with clearly discernible margins, kidney-shaped, with a curved outer margin, placed dorsolaterally and extending from behind the eye to slightly beyond forearm insertion. Poorly developed glandular warts around mid-dorsal pale patch.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CEF8A362E264DE706D05E5C5EAE8BF9A" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<emphasis id="46CA9A27D8BCA2DF550A6A5F4F78B8F0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<emphasis id="4784C914A926478FEAFADAA4A58AD3B0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Color</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In life, dorsal coloration consists of a set of black and paler (mostly beige) blotches, forming a symmetrical pattern (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="07CC86E0C653AB493D84061D9FCE92C8" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pictures of live Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. A Female holotype (ZMB 91791). B, C Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days. D Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest. E Female paratype (FKH- 1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils. F Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N. T. Ngan Thanh (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">10A</figureCitation>
|
||
). From tip of head to sacrum, black blotches are either single or paired, located along the vertebral region. Single black blotches consist of one elongated blotch on top of snout; one continuous interorbital thin chevron directed posteriorly; and small occipital, mid-dorsal, and sacral blotches. Paired black blotches are located anteriorly and posteriorly to the triangular beige mid-dorsal blotch, and on the sides of the sacral beige blotch. From tip of head to sacrum, a series of beige blotches, which have brick orange portions on dorsal part of head and snout. Posterior to that, a triangular mid-dorsal beige blotch pointing forward, followed by an elongated beige blotch resembling a thick half vertebral stripe, outlined in coral green. Side of head cream with black and coral green blotches anterior and posterior to eye. Region below eye cream-colored. Black blotch from anterior corner of eyes to tip of snout. Region on top of lip beige with small black spots. Conspicuous cream roundish blotch above arm insertion. Parotoid glands mostly brick orange, with beige on the medial part, and black outer margins. Eyelid brick orange. Iris golden. Pupil black ellipsoid. Flanks with a reticulate of bright coral green, black, and cream markings. Dorsal surface of forelimbs with thick black cross-bands alternate with much thinner cream inter-spaces. Dorsal surface of fingers I and II cream, and of fingers III and IV cream with black cross-bands. Dorsal surface of hindlimbs (thighs and crus) with three thick black cross-bands, with thin paler inter-spaces that are cream on the inner surface, and bright orange on the outer surface of the limb (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6C597BCB101FDF0E7DD65E6DE920913C" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pictures of live Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. A Female holotype (ZMB 91791). B, C Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days. D Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest. E Female paratype (FKH- 1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils. F Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N. T. Ngan Thanh (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">10A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Black cross-bands on thigh, crus and feet touching when legs flexed. Ventral skin whitish and semi-transparent allowing to see interior of belly, full of eggs. Small grey speckles scattered on chest and belly, as well as on throat, where they are slightly smaller and less densely distributed. Ventral thighs and crus whitish. Ventral tarsus whitish with a grey bar. Plantar surface of pes pale grey, with white tubercles. Ventral surfaces of arm, forearm, hand and fingers whitish. Preserved specimen after 5 years in ethanol, with beige and orange areas now pale grey. Black and coral green areas turned black (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F69EE4B3EA21741BE69251E7EA183D5D" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Holotype of Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. (ZMB 91791, female) in preservative. A Dorsal view. B Ventral view. C Palm of right hand. D Palm of right foot. Photos by F. Tillack. Short scale bars represent 1 mm (A, B), black scale bars represent 5 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934170" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Soles of hands and feet became whitish, tubercles now white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="16AF6D1537792DFFDF3156949C841E80" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<emphasis id="D11A3B063C17B4425E2E81EDE7CB36E1" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Osteology</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B14A83259111631E4EAF0C35BF5986CD" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. CT-scan of Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. female holotype (ZMB 91791). A Skeleton in dorsal view. B Lateral, dorsal and ventral views of skull (left to right). C Pectoral girdle in ventral view. D Ventral views of right hand and right foot (left to right). Blue indicates the parotic plate. Scale bars represent 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934172" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">11</figureCitation>
|
||
). Skull wider than long, lacking ornamentation on dermal roofing bones. Jaw joint anterior to otic region. Parotic plate incompletely ossified but synostosed to frontoparietal. Premaxillae without teeth, with a robust pars dentalis and a robust alary process taller than wide and widely separated from nasals. Maxillae and mandibles curved and without teeth. Quadratojugals thin and elongate with broad articulation with maxillae. Pterygoids slender, with a long medially curved anterior ramus with broad articulation with adjacent maxilla, short posterior ramus approaching jaw joint, and short medial ramus approaching prootic. Vomers large and plate-like, without teeth, with short pointy mediolateral processes. Neopalatines synostosed (left) or approaching (right) anterior ramus of pterygoid, and synostosed (right) or approaching (left) edge of sphenethmoid. Septomaxillae present at anterior margin of nasal capsule. Prominent sphenethmoid co-ossified across midline and visible in dorsal view between nasals and frontoparietals. Parasphenoid narrows anteriorly and ends in a curve on rostral extent. Squamosals reduced, with dorsalmost otic ramus in contact with frontoparietal dorsally, very reduced zygomatic ramus present, and very poorly developed ventral ramus. Poorly ossified prootic. Columella absent. Posteromedial processes of hyoid ossified and slender.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C5F518665A38AF8A2B9E4B8E7926E35A" doi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934172" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
|
||
<paragraph id="D6A679EAF7E3CE71FB5CE0863BFAF23E" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<emphasis id="F441BCA84A5564B0F8D2AFF417DA4720" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Figure 11.</emphasis>
|
||
CT-scan of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EBBCDFF314504271459C14AFA534EC7F" authorityName="Baptista & Vaz Pinto & Keates & Lobón-Rovira & Edwards & Rödel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus fernandae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="6F2B3CD4389209076FDAFB3ED7F0675F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Poyntonophrynus fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="060A707BD32B6284546556A965C3C629" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
female holotype (ZMB 91791).
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D4505728F8EE4F21FA7025DF9A120C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">A</emphasis>
|
||
Skeleton in dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="68B1427C6FCBE94EB4DFC34FEDFC6BED" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">B</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral, dorsal and ventral views of skull (left to right).
|
||
<emphasis id="81FCF18A859835E3AED555400B17309C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">C</emphasis>
|
||
Pectoral girdle in ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="8F965228A6F0AC11428E16E2068CBD9C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">D</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral views of right hand and right foot (left to right). Blue indicates the parotic plate. Scale bars represent 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="68218733C7AAE3A30FBACC2C069D9788" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Eight distinct, procoelous, non-imbricating and not synostosed presacral vertebrae. Atlas without transverse processes, with widely separated cotyles. Sacrum procoelous with laterally expanded transverse processes, bearing expanded diapophyses. Urostyle long and thin, with weakly developed dorsal ridge on proximal half, and bicondylar articulation with sacrum. Firmisternal pectoral girdle, with widely spaced and slender coracoids. Clavicles slender, nearly reaching one another. Scapulae stout, directed laterally but strongly curving dorsally at their lateral extent. No visible ossified sternum or omosternum. Pelvic girdle comprising ilium, pubis, and ischium. Shaft of ilium long and slender, without dorsal crest. Radioulna shorter than humerus. Humerus bearing ventral crest on proximal half, and without medial and lateral crests. Phalangeal formula for manus 2-2-3-3. A single ossified prepollex. Tips of terminal manual phalanges weakly expanded into small knobs. Tibiofibula longer than femur. Phalangeal formula for pes 2-2-3-4-3. A single ossified prehallux. Tips of terminal pedal phalanges weakly expanded as in fingers.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7ACDAD0AAFA88812CD7467493AD7B8C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="BEAE1F840F5423D84AB5F01FE267D044" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
Variation (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B1DB96D06815ACCE1BB9EA8AB4A3A313" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="94DE0A2EE68D873AE59DD127A38792E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. = lineage B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7ECA3516974BE8DF0BFE04A36E1C0647" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Male (SVL 25.8 mm) smaller than females (28.5-29.9 mm). Male with nuptial pads consisting of a dense cover of minute dark asperities on upper and inner surfaces of finger I and to a lesser extent on the upper medial surface of finger II and inner metacarpal tubercle, absent on females. Male without spines on dorsum or venter, present on females. Male bright plain yellow, different from elaborate dorsal pattern on females.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BBFAB3D24512017D87C492DA2AED86EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
Measurements of the type series are presented in Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="4F8BCA80FD2097785500D38B433566F0" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="T7" captionText="Table 6. Measurements (in mm) of the type series of Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. (lineage B), and the additional vouchers of P. cf. fernandae (lineage A). For abbreviations see Methods section. M-male, F-female." pageId="0" pageNumber="991">6</tableCitation>
|
||
, and variation of selected body ratios is summarized in Figure
|
||
<figureCitation id="EC49779BEBC5F5FBAC8D32F246F72600" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Morphometric comparisons of Angolan Poyntonophrynus. Boxplots (top whisker-maximum value; lower whisker-minimum value; dark horizontal line-median; box- 1 st quartile - 1.5 interquartile range (IQR), and 3 rd quartile + 1.5 IQR) comparing morphometric features. A SVL, and ratios B SVL / TL, C SVL / FLL, D SVL / HL between Poyntonophrynus species, left to right: P. cf. fernandae (lineage A, green), P. fernandae sp. nov. (lineage B, blue), P. nambensis sp. nov. (lineage C, red), and P. pachnodes (yellow), the closest related species. For each species, the darker shade (on the left) represents females, and the lighter shade (on the right) represents males. Note sexual size dimorphism in all species, except in P. pachnodes (but compare text). SVL = snout-vent length." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934165" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">4</figureCitation>
|
||
. Relative length of toes sometimes IV> III> V> II> I. Subarticular tubercles at the base of fingers: always double on finger I; always double or bilobate on finger II, except for BMNH 2021.7535 on right hand, which is single; always single on fingers III and IV. Subarticular tubercles at the joint between finger phalanges: always double on finger III; always single on finger IV, except for BMNH 2021.7535 on right hand, which is double. Subarticular tubercles at the base of toes: always double on toe I, except for BMNH 2021.7534 on left foot, which is single; always single on toe II, except for ZMB 91790 left foot, which is double; always single on toes III-V, except for BMNH 2021.7534 and BMNH 2021.7535, not visible. Subarticular tubercles at the joint between toe phalanges: when visible, always double on toe III; proximal always double on toe IV, except for ZMB 91790 left foot, which is single; distal always double on toe IV. When single, tubercles are usually rounded, and when double, usually thin and elongated, sometimes extremely pointy. Metatarsal tubercles oval, inner ranging from slightly longer to twice the length of outer. Toes without margin of web. Webbing between base of toes absent or vestigial, not serrated. All female paratypes have spines on top of head. Density of dorsal spines variable (BMNH 2021.7535> BMNH 2021.7534> ZMB 91791). Spine tips coloration varies between white, beige and brown. Male (ZMB 91790) with no spines on dorsum or venter, but a few spines on fore and hindlimbs. A few small glandular warts located latero-dorsally, behind parotoid glands.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB974494441D50747A5A587479877C8F" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
Dorsal pale markings in life show some differences in shape, extent, and considerable variation in color intensity between type series and holotype. This seems to be at least to some degree substrate-related, and individual toads can apparently change coloration intensity (to darker, brighter, or paler shades of each tone). The shape of the pale dorsal blotches on the paratype females is similar to the typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1344BF4B36A5A5136D4F63DA88DC3074" authorityName="Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sa, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green & Wheeler" authorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7F1026AA6EFE42A26F7C0DDB687F50B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Poyntonophrynus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
arrangement (e.g. Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="89504178FDACC84553AE4AC971858163" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pictures of live Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. A Female holotype (ZMB 91791). B, C Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days. D Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest. E Female paratype (FKH- 1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils. F Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N. T. Ngan Thanh (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">10E</figureCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DB65E48A1ABAA89FEF0F63CAD22DABD2" author="Poynton, JC" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Natal Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" pagination="447 - 490" refId="B85" refString="Poynton, JC, Broadley, DG, 1988. Amphibia Zambesiaca 4. Bufonidae. Annals of the Natal Museum 29: 447 - 490" title="Amphibia Zambesiaca 4. Bufonidae." volume="29" year="1988">Poynton and Broadley 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), with the mid-dorsal blotch being roundish or horse-shoe shaped, different from the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1BA0546487963F2F99AFD423B3CD922F" originalValue="holotype’s">holotype's</normalizedToken>
|
||
, which is triangular. Sections that are bright coral green on the holotype (outlining the black markings) have a paler shade of green in individuals found on reddish gravel ferralitic substrate (BMNH 2021.7535, FKH-1086, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="037F5F2D11EFCEAB963D2783A8A78982" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pictures of live Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. A Female holotype (ZMB 91791). B, C Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days. D Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest. E Female paratype (FKH- 1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils. F Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N. T. Ngan Thanh (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">10E</figureCitation>
|
||
), and very dark (nearly black) green in the specimen collected on a darker substrate in forest (BMNH 2021.7534, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0EB192921BD90EE881C0064810EA676C" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pictures of live Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. A Female holotype (ZMB 91791). B, C Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days. D Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest. E Female paratype (FKH- 1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils. F Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N. T. Ngan Thanh (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">10D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pale marking above forearm insertion absent in one female (BMNH 2021.7534), which is generally darker than all others (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="95466E9B275E2EB7966DD0ECEDFA22B0" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pictures of live Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. A Female holotype (ZMB 91791). B, C Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days. D Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest. E Female paratype (FKH- 1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils. F Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N. T. Ngan Thanh (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">10D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pale inter-spaces on fore and hindlimbs, that are cream on the holotype, are very bright orange on the specimen found in forest (BMNH 2021.7534, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D4EE4913168663753ECC2EA485371BA2" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pictures of live Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. A Female holotype (ZMB 91791). B, C Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days. D Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest. E Female paratype (FKH- 1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils. F Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N. T. Ngan Thanh (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">10D</figureCitation>
|
||
), and pale beige on individuals found on reddish gravel ferralitic substrate (BMNH 2021.7535, FKH-1086, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A18FF87507B7D1F9886EC1B64FFD8A3D" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pictures of live Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. A Female holotype (ZMB 91791). B, C Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days. D Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest. E Female paratype (FKH- 1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils. F Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N. T. Ngan Thanh (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">10E</figureCitation>
|
||
). In BMNH 2021.7535 and FKH-1086 all the colors are present (orange, green and beige), but in less intense shades than in holotype, giving a duller aspect that resembles the more common
|
||
<taxonomicName id="208E4CDB916048872E916856E39EA507" authorityName="Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sa, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green & Wheeler" authorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67AB6AB89FE0292035CE886F76AEF8F7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Poyntonophrynus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
coloration. Parotoid glands on females vary from very bright orange (BMNH 2021.7534) to less intense orange (BMNH 2021.7535, FKH-1086), always with a black outer margin, and are lemon yellow on the male (ZMB 91790). The only collected male (ZMB 91790) was uniform lemon yellow in life, that changed to various degrees of yellow-greenish wash after a few days (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="46A865C74F63EF9272FD98BAF452C4FC" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pictures of live Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. A Female holotype (ZMB 91791). B, C Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days. D Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest. E Female paratype (FKH- 1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils. F Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N. T. Ngan Thanh (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">10B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), and became grey when preserved, with parotoid glands slightly brownish. This plain bright yellow differed completely from all the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CDEC2B085D2E9FD2EE41FE447AA84BD0" originalValue="females’">females'</normalizedToken>
|
||
elaborate coloration pattern. Ventral patterning on females varied from immaculate in the male (ZMB 91790), to a sparse speckling of small grey spots placed especially in midline of pectoral region (BMNH 2021.7535, FKH-1086), and similar to holotype (BMNH 2021.7534). Soles of hands and feet whitish or pale grey, tubercles white. Some of the ventral patterning lost intensity or disappeared after preservation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5FBD3016FC18B4FDEA517E2B46BC8B7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D85CFC9873DB0FE43F2B494C7661DC2F" originalValue="Male’s">Male's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(ZMB 91790) humerus with medial and lateral distal crests (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F97780025FB21C141CBB18C3B1A710FF" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. CT-scan reconstructions of arms of male Poyntonophrynus. Left to right: P. pachnodes (UF 184183), P. cf. fernandae (lineage A) (ZMB 91790), P. fernandae sp. nov. (lineage B) (ZMB 91786), and P. nambensis sp. nov. (lineage C) (ZMB 91788), highlighting the humeri. 1 - lateral crest, 2 - ventral crest, 3 - medial crest. Medial and lateral crests on distal part of the humeri, typical of male bufonids, only absent in the reported P. pachnodes male (compare text). Scale bar represents 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934168" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Maxillae and mandibles not curved. Neopalatines not synostosed to sphenethmoid, and distant from anterior ramus of pterygoid. Parasphenoid narrowing anteriorly and ending in pointy edge. Ventral rami of squamosals minimally developed, even less than in holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2091F7D7E05D4ED89648340A725D12C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" type="additional referred specimens">
|
||
<paragraph id="BFD513959C8F9AAB1D1680839F48F030" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Additional referred specimens.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="404CDDF6563EA50F6321EDEFB680E61E" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1A0714C23E301596324BE7424C72199A" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">P. cf. fernandae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lineage A) (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="FB74A79F619C746CE2793A47052DDBA4" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Poyntonophrynus cf. fernandae (lineage A) (ZMB 91785, female) in preservative. A Dorsal view. B Ventral view. C Palm of right hand. D Palm of left foot. Short scale bars represent 1 mm (A, B), black scale bars represent 5 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934173" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">12</figureCitation>
|
||
-
|
||
<figureCitation id="F0BF891D1FC2BFD053B6D016CE9D22CF" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. CT-scan of Poyntonophrynus cf. fernandae (lineage A) (ZMB 91785, female). A Skeleton in dorsal view. B Lateral, dorsal and ventral views of skull (left to right). C Pectoral girdle in ventral view. D Ventral views of right hand and right foot (left to right). Blue indicates the parotic plate. Scale bars represent 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934175" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">14</figureCitation>
|
||
; Tables
|
||
<tableCitation id="70B1C2FD4F2640C8E1914CF0E8A1507D" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="T6" captionText="Table 5. Comparative table of measurements of adult males and females of Poyntonophrynus pachnodes, P. fernandae sp. nov., P. cf. fernandae, and P. nambensis sp. nov. Values are average + / - standard deviation with range provided in square brackets. For abbreviations of measurements see Methods section. M-male, F-female." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3CBB9799C83BFDA0A6F7983FFF64FAAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" tableUuid="3CBB9799C83BFDA0A6F7983FFF64FAAD">5</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="E3F7EE1A3E31B5E9E0E2281522337757" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="T7" captionText="Table 6. Measurements (in mm) of the type series of Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. (lineage B), and the additional vouchers of P. cf. fernandae (lineage A). For abbreviations see Methods section. M-male, F-female." pageId="0" pageNumber="991">6</tableCitation>
|
||
). Males (23.9-24.2 mm, n = 2) smaller than females (30.3-31.8 mm, n = 3). Fewer and less conspicuous ventral speckles in males. Parotoid glands on males more flattened and less conspicuous than on females. Males have the same dorsal coloration pattern than females, but have shades of yellow on the flanks (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2E9DECE5D5A78152A872AEBE6E80F617" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Coloration of live Poyntonophrynus cf. fernandae (lineage A). A Female (ZMB 91785). B - D Male (ZMB 91786) with partial yellow coloration. E Female (BMNH 2021.7536). Photos by W. R. Branch (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934174" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">13B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) (different from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="477C756EE8B8CB1A5712AAF0C2C0FDE2" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CD8E3C31D3507D28466F8C41806F453" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="60C1BAEA1B08A5748BDA7AF176D984E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
(lineage B), where males are plain yellow). Measurements of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8B8ABBE7C62A200BD88EB892BE4E8F16" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">P. cf. fernandae</taxonomicName>
|
||
series are presented in Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="1FC8B07AEA40B742BC921FAAF761CE42" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="T7" captionText="Table 6. Measurements (in mm) of the type series of Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. (lineage B), and the additional vouchers of P. cf. fernandae (lineage A). For abbreviations see Methods section. M-male, F-female." pageId="0" pageNumber="991">6</tableCitation>
|
||
, and a compilation of selected body ratios in Figure
|
||
<figureCitation id="9FA0B53DC47FB469FC1321BCFCE05FE4" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Females of the new Angolan Poyntonophrynus lineages detected in this study in (A) dorsal, and (B) ventral view. Left to right: P. fernandae sp. nov. (lineage B, ZMB 91791), P. cf. fernandae (lineage A, ZMB 91785), P. nambensis sp. nov. (lineage C, ZMB 91787). Note differences in body size, robustness, relative limbs size, dorsal coloration (hourglass shape only in P. nambensis sp. nov.), and ventral coloration." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934166" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">5</figureCitation>
|
||
. Relative length of fingers sometimes III> IV> II = I. Relative length of toes sometimes IV> III> V> II> I. Subarticular tubercles at the base of finger IV always single. Outer metacarpal tubercle varying between oval and near-triangular, inner metacarpal tubercle always very reduced, sometimes absent. Metatarsal tubercles oval, inner varying between being around the same size to almost two times longer than outer, sometimes being very pointy. Webbing between bases of toes ranging between vestigial to reaching up to the first phalange of toe IV. Conical spines present also on dorsal surface of snout and top of head, with tips being more often white, rarely brown. Parotoid glands elevated, dorsum with glandular warts, located mostly around pale mid-dorsal blotch and dorsolaterally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="CC2C1DAFF55590147033FD834CD3EA52" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Coloration of live Poyntonophrynus cf. fernandae (lineage A). A Female (ZMB 91785). B - D Male (ZMB 91786) with partial yellow coloration. E Female (BMNH 2021.7536). Photos by W. R. Branch (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934174" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">13A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Males sometimes with spines only on fore and hindlimbs, and less conspicuous glandular warts. In life, pale dorsal blotches pale to dark greyish, on a dark brown and dark green ground color (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9885251DBCCBE4AD7D2EE024A16C4726" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Coloration of live Poyntonophrynus cf. fernandae (lineage A). A Female (ZMB 91785). B - D Male (ZMB 91786) with partial yellow coloration. E Female (BMNH 2021.7536). Photos by W. R. Branch (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934174" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">13A</figureCitation>
|
||
), distributed along the vertebral region and consisting of a thick conspicuous chevron shaped occipital blotch, extending between the eyes and directed posteriorly, a mid-dorsal horse-shoe shaped blotch, and a small rounded sacral blotch. Glandular warts dark brown. Grey occipital chevron-shaped blotch demarcating dorsal part of head and snout, which are dark brown and dark green. Sides of head grey with dark blotches in front, behind and below the eye. Parotoid glands dark brown. Iris green and golden. Flanks with alternate dark brown, dark green, black and grey thick vermiculation. Dorsal surface of limbs and distal digits grey with dark brown cross-bands with similar width than the pale grey inter-spaces. On females, chest and belly region adjacent to flanks heavily marked with thick black speckles, which sometimes reach throat and belly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="F1F61E16758C5A552CC78A744A0EF7E0" doi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934173" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
|
||
<paragraph id="6BD8D4AE56339690B459FC26083AB1F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F0E13C6EEA4B72899833C6EC029514" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Figure 12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B1389DCF9ADD2A8460FF808B433E4912" authorityName="Baptista & Vaz Pinto & Keates & Lobón-Rovira & Edwards & Rödel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus fernandae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fernandae">Poyntonophrynus cf. fernandae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lineage A) (ZMB 91785, female) in preservative.
|
||
<emphasis id="13DF0FB34D2BB87E0B2AD8D8EB6E70DA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">A</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="E05C6313A30B2D0F7A23F9D279304D42" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">B</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="E773583CE3097BE2100FF2D27EDB687E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">C</emphasis>
|
||
Palm of right hand.
|
||
<emphasis id="0A8134234BC6C57E58B8F60E1FF24CA4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">D</emphasis>
|
||
Palm of left foot. Short scale bars represent 1 mm (A, B), black scale bars represent 5 mm (C, D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="BF674AA31C7AC884B26C106DE635ECE3" doi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934174" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
|
||
<paragraph id="4F4180F4EE3B79B9369C38E0CA5A36CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<emphasis id="3A553AAA9A96C2A12F15C737CBEDC424" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Figure 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Coloration of live
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0077287BC89DE50731D146DCDD18A73" authorityName="Baptista & Vaz Pinto & Keates & Lobón-Rovira & Edwards & Rödel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus fernandae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fernandae">Poyntonophrynus cf. fernandae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lineage A).
|
||
<emphasis id="ED55212BEBE7C602890A6EDC88958EBF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">A</emphasis>
|
||
Female (ZMB 91785).
|
||
<emphasis id="37472CD73084637D3C8008EDD1A3EB15" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">B</emphasis>
|
||
-
|
||
<emphasis id="C52C881ABDEE4EDB023808A2039A93A4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">D</emphasis>
|
||
Male (ZMB 91786) with partial yellow coloration.
|
||
<emphasis id="A00B3AFD2C54861FE6C10E4E4E3E72F6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">E</emphasis>
|
||
Female (BMNH 2021.7536). Photos by W.R. Branch (B-D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="D3A1BC074573B9DA674C6B0D63448F98" doi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934175" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
|
||
<paragraph id="EEB5B4E84CC2B066D8C955A6931DB253" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<emphasis id="5D17AA2C15BD63730A55C89411654EF2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Figure 14.</emphasis>
|
||
CT-scan of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="889DFDA9AC22DF40CD031637E1A2EB58" authorityName="Baptista & Vaz Pinto & Keates & Lobón-Rovira & Edwards & Rödel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus fernandae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fernandae">Poyntonophrynus cf. fernandae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lineage A) (ZMB 91785, female).
|
||
<emphasis id="309C8BF994EC5CFEBB6E65010E97EAC2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">A</emphasis>
|
||
Skeleton in dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="DB704924332DE8A313D0CA56DE418EE1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">B</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral, dorsal and ventral views of skull (left to right).
|
||
<emphasis id="B469868B1483EE170A7CE741C42F37AA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">C</emphasis>
|
||
Pectoral girdle in ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="2C965B973A55D421BAC3413E33ECF348" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">D</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral views of right hand and right foot (left to right). Blue indicates the parotic plate. Scale bars represent 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="1EF2B9884C1FD23263CBF2C517C5BEDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
All analyzed specimens (ZMB 91785 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="FF6D9742874F7EFD6CE73AF367E0E8FD" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. CT-scan of Poyntonophrynus cf. fernandae (lineage A) (ZMB 91785, female). A Skeleton in dorsal view. B Lateral, dorsal and ventral views of skull (left to right). C Pectoral girdle in ventral view. D Ventral views of right hand and right foot (left to right). Blue indicates the parotic plate. Scale bars represent 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934175" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">14</figureCitation>
|
||
) and BMNH 2021.7536, females; and ZMB 91786, male) had vomers with very elongated, thin, and pointy mediolateral processes, and not curved maxillae and mandibles. ZMB 91785 parasphenoid narrowing anteriorly and arrow shaped at rostral extent. Squamosals of ZMB 91785 reduced, with only dorsalmost otic region, and negligible zygomatic and ventral ramus, which are even more reduced in ZMB 91786. ZMB 91785 neopalatines with small ventral process, in contact with the edges of sphenethmoid, and approaching, but not in contact with, maxillae and anterior ramus of pterygoid distally. BMNH 2021.7536 neopalatines approaching (right) and synostosed (left) to sphenethmoid. ZMB 91786 with ventral process only on left neopalatine. Both ZMB 91786 and BMNH 2021.7536 had single ossified prepollices and prehalluxes, and ossified and slender posteromedial processes of hyoid. In ZMB 91785, prepollex and prehallux not visible due to the resolution of the microCT-scan, and there is also no visible ossification on posteromedial processes of hyoid. Male (ZMB 91786) with short medial and lateral distal humeral crests (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFB5AB41C16F52EEC1EAD9F6BD64BB57" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. CT-scan reconstructions of arms of male Poyntonophrynus. Left to right: P. pachnodes (UF 184183), P. cf. fernandae (lineage A) (ZMB 91790), P. fernandae sp. nov. (lineage B) (ZMB 91786), and P. nambensis sp. nov. (lineage C) (ZMB 91788), highlighting the humeri. 1 - lateral crest, 2 - ventral crest, 3 - medial crest. Medial and lateral crests on distal part of the humeri, typical of male bufonids, only absent in the reported P. pachnodes male (compare text). Scale bar represents 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934168" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6C8BE8EC0EDBE4036BD450800E8BC790" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" type="natural history">
|
||
<paragraph id="238BAAAEDF9D0ECCBB6AD0DDB3D044D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Natural history and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C6B16E9C4B27368DB4A03077F1A00666" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
All specimens were collected in the rainy season.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BD5CF08D1BBB16DA27B987AB1E952486" authorityName="Baptista & Vaz Pinto & Keates & Lobón-Rovira & Edwards & Rödel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus fernandae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="600C4F7FD30344D0AAE870DF8535B5C6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Poyntonophrynus fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BF5134C3DFEC5FFFF655D86E34DDD9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
(lineage B) ZMB 91790 and ZMB 91791 (male and female) were found during the day, on November 22nd 2017, on a site approximately 12 km northwest of the village of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="490503EA63C8067C5D2DA66461BE25E6" originalValue="Condé">Conde</normalizedToken>
|
||
, with the male displaying bright lemon yellow coloration. The female was found on the ground at the base of a hill with many large granite boulders, while the male was found higher up on moist ground with moss near a natural water seepage. These two individuals were kept alive for three days, upon which the coloration in the male faded to a darker yellow-greenish color (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="42E5377A50B2584720DDED474F1CCF49" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pictures of live Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. A Female holotype (ZMB 91791). B, C Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days. D Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest. E Female paratype (FKH- 1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils. F Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N. T. Ngan Thanh (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">10B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), a case of dynamic sexual dichromatism. BMNH 2021.7535, FKH-1086 (two females) were collected shortly after a thunderstorm, near the town of Quibala, in degraded savanna habitat with large granitic boulders. The brightly colored female specimen BMNH 2021.7534 was also collected in November, found on the ground but at night, well inside a moist forest block after rains, and not near water. One amplectant pair ascribed to this species was observed during the day near the town of Gabela (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="68AC27FB071F7C5ED56D73BD0C6D59D0" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pictures of live Poyntonophrynus fernandae sp. nov. A Female holotype (ZMB 91791). B, C Male paratype (ZMB 91790) with yellow color when collected, and with fading coloration after three days. D Female paratype (BMNH 2021.7534), darker individual collected in forest. E Female paratype (FKH- 1086) collected on red gravel, typical of Cuanza-Sul Province ferralitic soils. F Pair in axillary amplexus from Gabela (not collected). Photos by L. Verburgt (E) and N. T. Ngan Thanh (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934171" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">10F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The species was always found in close proximity to large granite boulders at elevations from 520 m to 1303 m a.s.l. approximately, but the surrounding habitat was diverse, including moist escarpment forest at lower elevation (Congulo), secondary coffee forest (plantation of exotic tree species -
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2971D2B37780B355DA22EF0CBD8CF21" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Grevillia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Grevillia robusta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6A90DC89F2B6D75D7F80415C970E99E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Grevillia robusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) near
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A7916F224E751A38FE41EBA6546CA48A" originalValue="Condé">Conde</normalizedToken>
|
||
and degraded Miombo savanna at Quibala (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="10ADE9544FC97B44725E1E814CBE2AD6" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Poyntonophrynus habitats. A, B Habitat of P. fernandae sp. nov. at Congulo forest, Cuanza-Sul Province. C, D Habitat of P. cf. fernandae and P. nambensis sp. nov. at Namba highlands, Cuanza-Sul Province. E, F Habitat of P. pachnodes at Serra da Neve, Namibe Province. Photos by K. Luchansky (A) and W. R. Branch (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934169" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">8</figureCitation>
|
||
), both the latter at higher elevations. Amphibian species found in sympatry included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A809B420F4E675B09E6E29B7DA9472" authorityName="Bocage" authorityYear="1866" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperolius cinnamomeoventris" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="0F8B933B0F57886861D553BAD2629C78" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Hyperolius cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bocage, 1866,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1A01BD1F57954CA6EF8C070369F5287" lsidName="H. parallelus" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="877DEB77ED70660C003893A0B3D05BAB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">H. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0AC7A66B6A0607F7AAE528A7BD986F82" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1858,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03C34EBE7498E5621A3A5D4BE0507A89" lsidName="H. platyceps" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="platyceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="5AF51C62A3609FB40B878D3279BE2A18" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">H. platyceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Boulenger, 1900),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="78D0DFF818093FBCC8507F9E88656954" baseAuthorityName="Dumeril & Bibron" baseAuthorityYear="1841" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Kassina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kassina senegalensis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="senegalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E0D842230EC071F373F0167A1C552A50" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Kassina senegalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="866FE1E26587001E8B42150A5873DD16" originalValue="Duméril">Dumeril</normalizedToken>
|
||
& Bibron, 1841),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="082286B2E26A8AE2BA6936515634FABA" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Leptopelis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopelis cynammomeus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cynammomeus">Leptopelis cf. cynammomeus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Bocage, 1893),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EA40B0FDCC5A39E190C2EAAB5582534" lsidName="L. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="jordani">L. cf. jordani</taxonomicName>
|
||
Parker, 1936,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3D6D0F6ADDE22B87FB004C84FF1E7E5F" baseAuthorityName="Bocage" baseAuthorityYear="1868" class="Amphibia" family="Ptychadenidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychadena anchietae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anchietae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1CB95170EB0E02CAE06F17EB690A07B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Ptychadena anchietae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Bocage, 1868),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C76E3CFC9D20B7299FCEFDDD0F397F31" baseAuthorityName="Merten's" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Sclerophrys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sclerophrys pusilla" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pusilla">
|
||
<emphasis id="4605A875B9A268158A028D3A4CC5B5F7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Sclerophrys pusilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Mertens, 1937).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6F29175C3149E0B8FF66E9D3B0225404" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E73F45A9453ED3E1FDB0A54BD4DA8EC4" authorityName="Baptista & Vaz Pinto & Keates & Lobón-Rovira & Edwards & Rödel" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Poyntonophrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poyntonophrynus fernandae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fernandae">Poyntonophrynus cf. fernandae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lineage A) from Chinhundo, in Namba region, differed in some respects from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="967318C0878E62B412D1CA8F6A007C09" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="401D06CC64BA77D3540B34F5C5BEBE9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9373207315E7FFBD37C5223313977DE3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
(lineage B). Two males were collected in November 2016, while active during the day and after heavy rains, showing partially yellow-greenish coloration (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D9A3EFE5E0D4930F530F3723550E39E1" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Coloration of live Poyntonophrynus cf. fernandae (lineage A). A Female (ZMB 91785). B - D Male (ZMB 91786) with partial yellow coloration. E Female (BMNH 2021.7536). Photos by W. R. Branch (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934174" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">13B-D</figureCitation>
|
||
), found in syntopy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB4C88E963D4B8C08004208DD3F7D676" lsidName="P. nambensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="nambensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="4B1D5D777BA20C4A2E109F61C28C6EBF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. nambensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8562E2A8FD69D405327B8B4FD55E5D78" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
On the same location, in October 2020 and also following rains, three gravid lineage A females were collected at night, and again in syntopy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76DCA0C2741CAAE909239F47C2B06463" lsidName="P. nambensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="nambensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6A38EAE490917A8621EC661112BBFE2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. nambensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8E733279DC941AF6726065082CBDBD15" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
All
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7B63391031E5616CC994CBF94792926C" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">P. cf. fernandae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lineage A) were found on the steep slopes of the same large rock boulder, among moss and water seepages (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="603C7913EAF0CAEE1532D61DA6038A50" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Poyntonophrynus habitats. A, B Habitat of P. fernandae sp. nov. at Congulo forest, Cuanza-Sul Province. C, D Habitat of P. cf. fernandae and P. nambensis sp. nov. at Namba highlands, Cuanza-Sul Province. E, F Habitat of P. pachnodes at Serra da Neve, Namibe Province. Photos by K. Luchansky (A) and W. R. Branch (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934169" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">8</figureCitation>
|
||
). The surrounding habitat was montane grasslands with stunted Miombo savanna, and some remnant patches of Afromontane forest in nearby ravines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="198C223823B18EF04A4A5C417931442C" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="7CA62622B72E24F33653AF1929CF9D80" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Distribution and conservation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="24306A086D83BC7E41B843D4B0706FD5" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26BB0491CA5688804FB257B5654EE785" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="CF4CB6106DE51780327EB7A06FEE69FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8780CBA9ED80D757C61AC01193303356" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
sensu stricto. The species is known from the Angolan central escarpment zone in the region of Gabela, and extending eastwards at least to Quibala, in Cuanza-Sul province, at elevations of 520-1303 m a.s.l. (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF101FCFB3591E2096D938AED5E8A28" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Map of Angola showing records of all known Poyntonophrynus taxa from the country, including vouchers examined in this study and historical records. Circles depict recorded sites, stars depict type localities." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934162" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">1</figureCitation>
|
||
). It appears to be strongly associated with large granite boulders in moist habitats, and may be more widely distributed along the western escarpment and large rock outcrops in central Cuanza-Sul province. Some of the habitats where it has been recorded were highly threatened by deforestation for wood, agriculture, and encroachment by invasive species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0820F95F776707D16463B91F09A47579" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Inga vera" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vera">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DF5B1477941A9F5E7379A2F0B1D764D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Inga vera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). From Chinhundo, Namba, at an elevation of 1730 m a.s.l., in southern Cuanza-Sul Province we recorded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B845A98BF49FF9DD0054D04BDBE9C073" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">P. cf. fernandae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lineage A). This site lies on in the Angolan highlands, on the south-western foothills of Namba mountain chain (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="68AC1D1B92ECA17CAA93918E3A6147AA" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Map of Angola showing records of all known Poyntonophrynus taxa from the country, including vouchers examined in this study and historical records. Circles depict recorded sites, stars depict type localities." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e103935.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/934162" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">1</figureCitation>
|
||
). In all other surveyed sites around Namba region we failed to find this toad, including additional places where we retrieved
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CA1661797C17CC9751A1EBF4312BEB14" lsidName="P. nambensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="nambensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0685E821934F613D2E72987610696DBE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. nambensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3C9E9E02A7C3B4C6A9E9BB2C8D095DB7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
Currently the conservation status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65737DEAFA453AABEDE3C98A2AEECB04" lsidName="P. fernandae" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" rank="species" species="fernandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="18CCCCFCB2210EEE745CDF35F9EF910E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">P. fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato needs to remain Data Deficient (DD) as per IUCN Red List Guidelines (IUCN 2022).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="44D8E8866C9446355B7FBC8D012D3711" pageId="0" pageNumber="991" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="11C3D874B008C6780C2DA491767EBBEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FFD69041ACE84A13BDA932379E44A988" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">
|
||
The specific epithet
|
||
<emphasis id="E732348D896DFC9057C12EF9081FDB07" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="991">fernandae</emphasis>
|
||
(Pt.) is a tribute to Fernanda Lages, a researcher and professor of Genetics based in Lubango, Angola. Her continuous investment in capacity building over the last decades and dedication to various research projects and international collaborations gave opportunities and transformed the professional paths of several young Angolan biologists, and thus of research in Biology in the country. The name, built in the feminine singular genitive, also pays homage to women in science. We suggest
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E2CCE05EDAF630609EFB93DF9228D9E0" originalValue="“Fernanda’s">"Fernanda's</normalizedToken>
|
||
pygmy toad" and "sapo pigmeu da Fernanda" as English and Portuguese common names, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |