143 lines
14 KiB
XML
143 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="907CD56304B15E92ACBA4C4078F692FC" ID-CLB-Dataset="33981" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.541.6058" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fa40454d-8f0e-4387-86ee-8dfc421d0e05" ID-PMC="PMC4714381" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-541-109" ID-PubMed="26798284" ID-ZooBank="C336A3C4DBCB49C5898C8FA38BDFF0C0" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-541-109" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 541" ModsDocTitle="Systematics of Nothopsini (Serpentes, Dipsadidae), with a new species of Synophis from the Pacific Andean slopes of southwestern Ecuador" checkinTime="1451243656936" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pyron, R. Alexander, Guayasamin, Juan M., Penafiel, Nicolas, Bustamante, Lucas & Arteaga, Alejandro" docDate="2015" docId="B4417DC256079F1E9900B31CBE7F0E14" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 541: 109-147" docOrigin="ZooKeys 541" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.541.6058" docTitle="Synophis lasallei Niceforo-Maria 1950" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="128" masterDocId="FF8E84462424FFD3A52779666640FF82" masterDocTitle="Systematics of Nothopsini (Serpentes, Dipsadidae), with a new species of Synophis from the Pacific Andean slopes of southwestern Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="147" masterPageNumber="109" pageNumber="128" updateTime="1701381387359" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="87E7B64341C1BBB9A80492E50AE4552D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="81667C043119A45DD6660F899A1EC7C4">
|
||
<mods:title id="7E7C23E58922BCB49BBCA951EDFFC58A">Systematics of Nothopsini (Serpentes, Dipsadidae), with a new species of Synophis from the Pacific Andean slopes of southwestern Ecuador</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="84740A781CB24D9EBBBB3E626DFCD412" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="A3CC39C89FA96F4687FFEB6A2545D542">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="DE5743E11F5F4AFB628301FCA9BA8A48">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="E18D97664E8445E02F18A9E3002CF911">Pyron, R. Alexander</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="06C2A2E33A96BF3B4EADC4DB31EFF2E5" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="CF232AF0FF18CE98877C6F55EA358FBC">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="1DC3EE7891141701CD6A64361BCC6F62">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="C6171395CBAB55F2362C9CB96221F696">Guayasamin, Juan M.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="A19BDEEE7CB6CDE2850CC0D48AA88B9F" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="4393E67E4EB20D79A2545FDE76150B1A">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="8E1948221381DDCB02B474504AF34AEA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="DFE36B7E21C253367B3B68CCC59B8699">Penafiel, Nicolas</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="4E817DE62CBF15BB3EB2AFDE4B87FD94" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="64F726793D2BF6EFC968031B4A89E0FF">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="2AEDE79F374AD4D450BF897E5665EC21">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="CCE8427AA92A9A44E418784569CDA7A1">Bustamante, Lucas</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="1A37F81B71FAE6BBCCE63C9FA9CF6503" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="318AB37E31CD889BE3F3DFE50D1B752F">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="216AFE9657307E508242233F52CCF9F1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="F5F7A3F90E74A3DD6BFFC2EAC682F7AD">Arteaga, Alejandro</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="A9AF85F34C8F8BBA94726C786A0AF9CC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="B3228306ADF64311E1E236C63EDEB187" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="75C7372AE7D1EAC428DED584942B741F">
|
||
<mods:title id="B071484F186B1FC16E605584703B62B4">ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="200073ED59C3269120B4EA33666C532C">
|
||
<mods:date id="F157C2AE979BAF355F2037E16D0C46F4">2015</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="49B61E7CD069CFA298B291D890BF598E" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="20F6067997108489C2B5D64CB555961B">541</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="E55543B0E13DA13127AEEDA9EE351075" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="E4C05087ECCB988E57E975DF5AADF373">109</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="43D99C394C99F2E114E9CD8FDCE1F370">147</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="5F1DF2EAFBA0948529528651742AB933">
|
||
<mods:url id="CEE01A12AB4533BFFF1C40707E0F66CB">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.541.6058</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="EB1B205960317CA96E1F15D3A3344D06">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="9830F723D7246B99AD5104EBBFE94587" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.541.6058</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5A1DAB541994579389393FE8AA33EAAE" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-541-109</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="27CEFA22200AFFAC0280DF84517713DC" type="ZooBank">C336A3C4DBCB49C5898C8FA38BDFF0C0</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="B4417DC256079F1E9900B31CBE7F0E14" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127891631" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B4417DC256079F1E9900B31CBE7F0E14" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4417DC256079F1E9900B31CBE7F0E14" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="19" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<subSubSection id="023C87829CEEB19885B853D4F882CC3E" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="2A42A4C26BC5E075501329898975E280" pageId="19" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="E78B1633C5E3A896E5D3F036FBA7DC30" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
|
||
classification Animalia Squamata Colubridae
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8733F6A306864DCA573A993B9BCCB293" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="2700BC0C7B7881DA1213D7835206DE24" pageId="19" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E0C329A240D71CDC19A9E973D08E618A" ID-CoL="53YC6" authority="Niceforo-Maria, 1950" authorityName="Niceforo-Maria" authorityYear="1950" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis lasallei" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lasallei">
|
||
Synophis lasallei (
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7A5AAB513B743310FC6B6E3C55805E42" originalValue="Nicéforo-Maria">Niceforo-Maria</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1950)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4393CD255C9110AD6F9F17F390ED4D96" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="6B98723FDF4B316561824CEB3C475E91" pageId="19" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68D1028E5776A9BC20C9D52F49087FA1" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Diaphorolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diaphorolepis lasallei" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lasallei">Diaphorolepis lasallei</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B22FB33CA146671478EAA3F66A8B248D" originalValue="Nicéforo-Maria">Niceforo-Maria</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1950
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A6C91499BF70868FF5A69251A1B7CC26" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" type="holotype">
|
||
<paragraph id="B4E7A5A3319694493C2081A51DA0D5D4" pageId="19" pageNumber="128">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CCF63D23597414D15D9803CB2B9D6108" pageId="19" pageNumber="128">
|
||
MLS/CJSP uncat., from N of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3EA7BB4BE41053CE023121444DD03C03" originalValue="Albán">Alban</normalizedToken>
|
||
, cen. Cundinamarca Dept., cen. Colombia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F15B8417A19D33BB0EA4FC5E9862130F" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="F165739D5B8D6FDAF1BDDCF4FA4548E8" pageId="19" pageNumber="128">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="36931EDFD481BCED3442399C8FFFDAA5" pageId="19" pageNumber="128">
|
||
After the Instituto de La Salle, in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7C6C4A701F99F32338216313FC41B016" originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7971261985AACF2B5C6BB3C89ECB6E9" author="Niceforo-Maria, H" journalOrPublisher="Revista Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas Fisicas y Naturales Bogota" pageId="25" pageNumber="134" pagination="518 - 527" title="Contribucion al conocimiento de los ofidios de Colombia." volume="7" year="1950">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AD8EF8C4C5D5E4EA8F4F47690791B234" originalValue="Nicéforo-Maria">Niceforo-Maria</normalizedToken>
|
||
1950
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9A2069BD6B7CD21CD297B0DF66D2A799" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="0C6CFCB5C4BCCA6D2A91C0DB4D28D09F" pageId="19" pageNumber="128">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F9744B4D045A5F2FD337AE489E6B9E1" pageId="19" pageNumber="128">
|
||
Smaller (~300mm SVL) dipsadine snakes of the Amazonian versant of the Andes of Ecuador and Colombia, diagnosable by 24 maxillary teeth, 10 or 11 infralabials, 7-9 supralabials, fused prefrontals, internasals in contact, loreal present, 1 or 2 postoculars, nuchal collar absent, 144-165 ventrals, 101-126 subcaudals, dorsal scales in (19
|
||
<normalizedToken id="87F2113B7FB4D7BBF7B4CBEEEC5418A1" originalValue="–23)-(19–22)-(17–">-23)-(19-22)-(17-</normalizedToken>
|
||
21) strongly keeled rows even on head and neck, venter dark in some populations, neural spines expanded and flattened, and laterally expanded zygapophyses. Known from low to high elevations (~500-2000m) along the Amazonian versant of the Andes from central Colombia to central Ecuador. Nothing is known of diet or reproduction.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0BB4DBAD448B98A9F3F6CBFB9DD5F552" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph id="06A7B562923F290473EC95498267B229" pageId="19" pageNumber="128">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D6C3740C38444C15CF9FE6D50F0DCE41" pageId="19" pageNumber="128">
|
||
The hemipenes are very similar to both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0A2C796844AE2059F2339F2BA8173695" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Diaphorolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diaphorolepis" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Diaphorolepis</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="903E71CB5DE6A4E78F5F8ECDF4BD2083" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis bicolor" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">Synophis bicolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1474AC1C592F24C1D71BFFC3943ED5DB" author="Bogert, CM" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="23" pageNumber="132" pagination="509 - 531" title="Snakes of the genera Diaphorolepis and Synophis and the colubrid subfamily Xenoderminae." volume="45" year="1964">Bogert 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC0CA7F24F9039500848BCD8EFD55C08" author="Zaher, H" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 168" title="Hemipenial morphology of the South American xenodontine snakes, with a proposal for a monophyletic Xenodontinae and a reappraisal of colubroid hemipenes." volume="240" year="1999">Zaher 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5804396C35D3389BDF48FDB72B50148A" author="Martinez, PMS" journalOrPublisher="Departamento de Zoologia. Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo" pageId="25" pageNumber="134" title="Comparative anatomy of the tribe Nothopsini (Serpentes, Dipsadidae)" year="2011">Martinez 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Much like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84CEFD206AC658622F2B9C29F8F87A4E" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis bicolor" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">Synophis bicolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this species as currently described has a large geographic and elevational range, with wide variation in phenotype. There is significant variation in the number of dorsal scale rows and reduction thereof. One specimen from Ecuador (MCZ R-156873) has only one postocular and 7 supralabials, but otherwise matches the species. All other specimens have 2 and 8, respectively. Another specimen from Ecuador (MECN 2220) has 165 ventrals and 117 subcaudals with 19-19-17 scale rows, and is thus indistinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76858FD82F83BC92CA8DFE71728CD946" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Synophis</taxonomicName>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B9AF66B04D1408A902ABF505EC3C7BFD" lsidName="bicolor" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" rank="species" species="bicolor">bicolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with the exception of the strong keels on the nuchal scales and geographic distance from the nearest highland populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D8027DC69F5E3A54F7DD89669F043C96" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Synophis</taxonomicName>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="611348C8B60421DB67FD455C8D9B4699" lsidName="bicolor" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" rank="species" species="bicolor">bicolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
. All other specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="52AB10EB5D47F6AB35E77F16FE69E119" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis lasallei" pageId="19" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lasallei">Synophis lasallei</taxonomicName>
|
||
have 144-156 ventrals, and most have (21
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E3843DCAEBD1CEE07BD0091088456C07" originalValue="–23)-(21–22)-(19–">-23)-(21-22)-(19-</normalizedToken>
|
||
21) dorsal scale rows. Thus, it seems exceptionally likely that this is a species complex, possibly divided between highland and lowland, or northern and southern populations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |