307 lines
37 KiB
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307 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.950.51298" ID-GBIF-Dataset="21975627-96b7-45c7-9c80-0a73a850169a" ID-PMC="PMC7387366" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-950-51" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E" ID-PubMed="32774101" ID-ZooBank="3E805885D3354FB3AE8DFA443FAD82AE" ModsDocID="1313-2970-950-51" checkinTime="1595285263451" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Takaoka, Hiroyuki, Srisuka, Wichai, Fukuda, Masako & Saeung, Atiporn" docDate="2020" docId="8E6F2C6FF5875C75B991D960297CD504" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 950: 51-152" docOrigin="ZooKeys 950" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.950.51298" docTitle="Simulium (Gomphostilbia) maehongsonense Takaoka, Srisuka & Saeung 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="BD4BF904-907D-460F-9276-168D189BC582" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E" masterDocTitle="Twenty-one new species of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) asakoae species group (Diptera, Simuliidae) in Thailand, with their genetic relationships" masterLastPageNumber="152" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1668169112888" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Twenty-one new species of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) asakoae species group (Diptera, Simuliidae) in Thailand, with their genetic relationships</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Takaoka, Hiroyuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Srisuka, Wichai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Entomology Section, Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, P. O. Box 7, Maerim, Chiang Mai 50180, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fukuda, Masako</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute for Research Promotion, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1 - 1, Hasama, Yufu City, Oita, 879 - 5593, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Saeung, Atiporn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3550-5992</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">atisaeung.noi@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>950</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>51</mods:start>
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<mods:end>152</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.950.51298</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.950.51298</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-950-51</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3E805885D3354FB3AE8DFA443FAD82AE</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="165843375" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BD4BF904-907D-460F-9276-168D189BC582" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8E6F2C6FF5875C75B991D960297CD504" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName LSID="8E6F2C6F-F587-5C75-B991-D960297CD504" authority="Takaoka, Srisuka & Saeung" authorityName="Takaoka, Srisuka & Saeung" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Simulium (Gomphostilbia) maehongsonense" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maehongsonense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">Simulium (Gomphostilbia) maehongsonense Takaoka, Srisuka & Saeung</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="51">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Figs 14</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Schematic illustrations of larval body color patterns (dorsal view). A S. teerachanense sp. nov. B S. pitasawatae sp. nov. C S. sutheppuiense sp. nov. D S. asakoae E S. klonglanense sp. nov. F S. namdanense sp. nov. G S. chaowaense sp. nov. H S. loeiense sp. nov. I S. huaimorense sp. nov. J S. nanoiense sp. nov. K S. junkumae sp. nov. L S. myanmarense M S. maewongense sp. nov. N S. phapeungense sp. nov. O S. muangpanense sp. nov. P S. maehongsonense sp. nov. Q S. thungchangense sp. nov. R S. chiangdaoense S S. inthanonense (morph 1) T S. inthanonense (morph 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433889" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">, 25P</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Holotype</emphasis>
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: Male (with its associated pupal exuviae and cocoon) (in 80% ethanol) labeled as "Holotype:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Takaoka, Srisuka & Saeung" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Simulium maehongsonense" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maehongsonense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Simulium maehongsonense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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male, QSBG col. no. 107, Thailand, 12-VII-2017, by W. Srisuka", collected from a stream (width 120 cm, depth 2 cm, bed sandy, fast flow, pH 7.6, 21.2 °C, partially shade, elevation 1,034 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.5" value="19.616251">19°36'58.5"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="48.2" value="97.99672">97°59'48.2"E</geoCoordinate>
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), at Pha Peung, Muang District, Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand, 12-VII-2017, by W. Srisuka (Coll. No. 107).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: Two females (thorax of one female for DNA analysis), seven males (thorax of one male for DNA analysis) (with their associated pupal exuviae and cocoons), and six mature larvae (one mature larva for DNA analysis) (in 80% ethanol), same data as for holotype.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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Female: short sensory vesicle and mandible lacking distinct outer teeth (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14A</figureCitation>
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). Male: number of upper-eye facets in 13 vertical columns and 14 horizontal rows. Pupa: relatively shorter gill filaments (longest 2.1-2.3 mm long) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14G</figureCitation>
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) and relatively wider terminal hooks (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14H</figureCitation>
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). Larva: postgenal cleft 1.4-2.2 times as long as the postgenal bridge (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14J</figureCitation>
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) and abdominal segment 1 light grey (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Schematic illustrations of larval body color patterns (dorsal view). A S. teerachanense sp. nov. B S. pitasawatae sp. nov. C S. sutheppuiense sp. nov. D S. asakoae E S. klonglanense sp. nov. F S. namdanense sp. nov. G S. chaowaense sp. nov. H S. loeiense sp. nov. I S. huaimorense sp. nov. J S. nanoiense sp. nov. K S. junkumae sp. nov. L S. myanmarense M S. maewongense sp. nov. N S. phapeungense sp. nov. O S. muangpanense sp. nov. P S. maehongsonense sp. nov. Q S. thungchangense sp. nov. R S. chiangdaoense S S. inthanonense (morph 1) T S. inthanonense (morph 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433889" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">25P</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Figure 14.</emphasis>
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Female, male, pupa and larva of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maehongsonense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="maehongsonense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">S. maehongsonense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A</emphasis>
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female
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B-F</emphasis>
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male
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">G-I</emphasis>
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pupa
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">J</emphasis>
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larva.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A</emphasis>
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mandible (right side)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B</emphasis>
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hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">C</emphasis>
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coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">D</emphasis>
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style (right side; ventrolateral view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">E</emphasis>
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ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">F</emphasis>
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ventral plate (caudal view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">G</emphasis>
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gill filaments (left side; lateral view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">H</emphasis>
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terminal hooks (caudal view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">I</emphasis>
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cocoon (dorsal view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">J</emphasis>
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head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">I</emphasis>
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); 0.1 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B, G, J</emphasis>
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); 0.02 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">C-F</emphasis>
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); 0.01 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A, H</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Female</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">N</emphasis>
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= 2). Body length 1.9 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Head.</emphasis>
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Frontal ratio 1.9:1.0:2.1; frons:head ratio 1.0:4.2. Labrum 0.52 times length of clypeus. Maxillary palpus: proportional length of third, fourth and fifth palpal segments 1:1.1:2.2; sensory vesicle medium-long (0.26 times length of third palpal segment. Lacinia with 9-11 inner and 11-13 outer teeth. Mandible (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14A</figureCitation>
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) with 23 inner teeth and lacking distinct outer teeth (though three vestigial teeth present at some distance from tip).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Legs.</emphasis>
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Foreleg: tibia yellowish white except apical three-tenths brownish black; basitarsus moderately dilated, 5.5 times as long as its greatest width. Midleg: tarsus dark brown though basal half of basitarsus yellow (its border not well defined). Hind leg: coxa light brown; tibia yellowish white on basal two-thirds and light brown to brownish black on rest; basitarsus 6.7 times as long as wide, and 0.6 and 0.5 times as wide as greatest widths of tibia and femur, respectively; calcipala 0.5 times as wide as greatest width of basitarsus; claw with large basal tooth 0.46 times length of claw.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Wing.</emphasis>
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Length 1.9 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Abdomen.</emphasis>
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Dorsal surface of abdomen medium to dark brown except most of segment 2 ochreous (though narrow portion along posterior margin somewhat darkened).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Terminalia.</emphasis>
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Sternite 8 bare medially, with 20-22 medium-long to long hairs together with two or three slender short hairs on each side. Ovipositor valves each moderately covered with microsetae interspersed with two or three short hairs. Paraproct in lateral view 0.6 times as long as wide, with 18 medium-long to long hairs on ventral and lateral surfaces. Spermatheca ellipsoid, 1.3 times as long as its greatest width.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Male</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">N</emphasis>
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= 8). Body length 2.0-2.4 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Head.</emphasis>
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Slightly wider than thorax. Upper eye dark brown, consisting of large facets in 13 vertical columns and 14 horizontal rows on each side. Maxillary palpus: proportional lengths of third, fourth, and fifth palpal segments 1.0:1.2:2.8; sensory vesicle 0.17 times length of third palpal segment.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Legs.</emphasis>
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Foreleg: tibia yellowish white except l apical one-third dark brown, and inner and lateral surfaces of subbasal portion light brown; basitarsus moderately dilated, 6.5-7.3 times as long as its greatest width. Hind leg: coxa light brown; tibia dark brown to brownish black except little less than basal half yellowish white; tarsus dark brown except little less than basal half of basitarsus and basal one-third of second tarsomere yellowish; basitarsus (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14B</figureCitation>
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) 3.8-3.9 times as long as wide, and 1.0 and 1.0 times as wide as greatest width of tibia and femur, respectively; calcipala (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14B</figureCitation>
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) 0.32 times as wide as greatest width of basitarsus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Wing.</emphasis>
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Length 1.9-2.0 mm. Subcosta with four to nine hairs in four males but bare in four males.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Genitalia.</emphasis>
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Coxite in ventral view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14C</figureCitation>
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) 1.8 times as long as its greatest width. Style in ventral view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14C</figureCitation>
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) with round apex; style in ventrolateral view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14D</figureCitation>
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) slightly tapered toward apex, with round apex. Ventral plate in ventral view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14C</figureCitation>
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) with basal arms of moderate length, nearly parallel- sided, then convergent apically; ventral plate in caudal view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14F</figureCitation>
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) with ventral margin nearly straight or slightly concave. Cercus with 14 hairs.
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Pupa</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">N</emphasis>
|
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= 10). Body length 2.5-2.7 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Head.</emphasis>
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Integument yellow. Thorax. Integument yellow.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Thorax.</emphasis>
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Gill (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14G</figureCitation>
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) composed of eight slender thread-like filaments, arranged as (3+3) +2 or [3+(1+2)]+2 from dorsal to ventral; common basal stalk 0.5-0.7 times length of interspiracular trunk; dorsal triplet with extremely short stalk; stalk of ventral pair of filaments 0.9-1.5 times length of common basal stalk, and 0.5-0.8 times length of interspiracular trunk; primary stalk of dorsal triplet lying against that of lower pair at angle of 70° when viewed laterally; filaments of dorsal triplet subequal in length (1.1-1.3 mm) and thickness to one another; filaments of middle triplet subequal in length (1.5-1.7 mm) and thickness to one another; two filaments of ventral pair subequal in length (2.1-2.3 mm) and thickness to each other and 1.6 times as thick as six other filaments of dorsal and middle triplets when compared basally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Abdomen.</emphasis>
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Dorsally, all segments light yellowish; segments 1 and 2 without minute tubercles; segment 9 with pair of wide flat terminal hooks (Fig.
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|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14H</figureCitation>
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), of which outer margin 3.3-4.0 times length of inner margin and crenulated when viewed caudally.
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Cocoon</emphasis>
|
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(Fig.
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|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14I</figureCitation>
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). Pale yellow, slipper-shaped, roughly to moderately woven, moderately extended ventrolaterally; anterior margin thickly woven medially, without bulge or short projection; 3.0-3.5 mm long by 2.0-2.9 mm wide.
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Mature larva</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">N</emphasis>
|
|
= 5). Body length 4.5-5.5 mm. Body light ochreous with following color markings: thoracic segment 1 encircled with distinct greyish band (though disconnected ventromedially), thoracic segment 2 greyish and thoracic segment 3 ochreous on ventral surface; abdominal segment 1 light grey, abdominal segments 5 and 6 each with distinct reddish brown spot of various size and shape dorsomedially, and dorsal and dorsolateral surface of abdominal segments 4-8 faintly to moderately covered with pinkish to reddish brown pigments (Fig.
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|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Schematic illustrations of larval body color patterns (dorsal view). A S. teerachanense sp. nov. B S. pitasawatae sp. nov. C S. sutheppuiense sp. nov. D S. asakoae E S. klonglanense sp. nov. F S. namdanense sp. nov. G S. chaowaense sp. nov. H S. loeiense sp. nov. I S. huaimorense sp. nov. J S. nanoiense sp. nov. K S. junkumae sp. nov. L S. myanmarense M S. maewongense sp. nov. N S. phapeungense sp. nov. O S. muangpanense sp. nov. P S. maehongsonense sp. nov. Q S. thungchangense sp. nov. R S. chiangdaoense S S. inthanonense (morph 1) T S. inthanonense (morph 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433889" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">25P</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Head.</emphasis>
|
|
Head spots moderately positive. Antenna: proportional lengths of first, second, and third articles 1.0:0.8:0.7-0.9. Labral fan with 38-40 primary rays. Hypostoma with four to six hypostomal bristles per side lying nearly parallel to lateral margin. Postgenal cleft (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14J</figureCitation>
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) medium sized, 1.4-2.2 times length of postgenal bridge.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
|
Posterior circlet with 88-96 rows of hooklets with up to 14 or 15 hooklets per row.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
|
The species name,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="maehongsonense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="maehongsonense">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">maehongsonense</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, refers to the province, Mae Hong Son, where this species was collected.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Thailand (Mae Hong Son).</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
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The male of this new species is similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. phulocense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="phulocense">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">S. phulocense</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from Vietnam (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3961.1.1" author="Takaoka, H" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 96" refId="B24" refString="Takaoka, H, Sofian-Azirun, M, Ya'cob, Z, Chen, CD, Lau, KW, Pham, XD, 2015. The black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thua Thien Hue and Lam Dong Provinces, Vietnam. Zootaxa 3961: 1 - 96, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3961.1.1" title="The black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thua Thien Hue and Lam Dong Provinces, Vietnam." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3961.1.1" volume="3961" year="2015">Takaoka et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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) by having the same number of upper-eye large facets, but is distinguished by the fore basitarsus 6.5-7.3 times as long as its greatest width (8.3 times in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. phulocense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="phulocense">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">S. phulocense</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), and ventral plate trapezoidal ventrally (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14F</figureCitation>
|
|
) when viewed posteriorly (rounded ventrally in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. phulocense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="phulocense">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">S. phulocense</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) and in the pupa by the cocoon without an anterodorsal projection (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Female, male, pupa and larva of S. maehongsonense sp. nov. A female B-F male G-I pupa J larva. A mandible (right side) B hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) C coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) D style (right side; ventrolateral view) E ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) F ventral plate (caudal view) G gill filaments (left side; lateral view) H terminal hooks (caudal view) I cocoon (dorsal view) J head capsule (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (I); 0.1 mm (B, G, J); 0.02 mm (C-F); 0.01 mm (A, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433878" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">14I</figureCitation>
|
|
) (with an anterodorsal projection in in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. phulocense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="phulocense">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">S. phulocense</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |