264 lines
18 KiB
XML
264 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.254.3959" ID-GBIF-Dataset="435b958e-b362-41bf-b0b7-9c8edda43126" ID-PMC="PMC3561920" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-254-23" ID-PubMed="23378814" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-254-23" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 254" ModsDocTitle="Morphological and molecular taxonomy of Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae) with notes on its life history in Israel" checkinTime="1451247820017" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Spodek, Malkie, Ben-Dov, Yair, Ghanim, Murad & Mendel, Zvi" docDate="2012" docId="8D58AD51DA06D4557F2929DF8E801F2A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 254: 23-45" docOrigin="ZooKeys 254" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.254.3959" docTitle="Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="FF99FF947307B821FF94622DFB66FFC8" masterDocTitle="Morphological and molecular taxonomy of Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae) with notes on its life history in Israel" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1668155079692" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Morphological and molecular taxonomy of Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae) with notes on its life history in Israel</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Spodek, Malkie</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ben-Dov, Yair</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ghanim, Murad</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mendel, Zvi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>254</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>23</mods:start>
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<mods:end>45</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.254.3959</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.254.3959</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-254-23</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152039446" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D58AD51DA06D4557F2929DF8E801F2A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8D58AD51DA06D4557F2929DF8E801F2A" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Nidularia_balachowskii" authority="Bodenheimer" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nidularia balachowskii" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nidularia balachowskii" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">Nidularia balachowskii</taxonomicName>
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Bodenheimer, 1941: 78-80.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="adult female">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Adult female.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">General appearance.Young, pre-reproductive adult dorsum brownish and venter yellowish white; oval, soft and flat; 1.2-1.9 mm long and 0.6-0.9 mm wide. Dorsal surface covered with 5 longitudinal rows of rectangular wax plates, each plate about 0.25 mm long and 0.3 mm wide; median row with 11 plates, lateral row on each side of median row with 9-11 plates and marginal rows with 7-9 plates. The wax plates become gradually smaller in size towards anterior and posterior apices and lateral margin (Fig. 1). Post-reproductive female oval, moderately convex and sclerotized; 2.75-3.75 mm long, 2-3 mm wide and 0.8-1.8 mm high; 5 longitudinal rows of dark brown wax plates almost fused; with lighter brown wax in between rows of plates (Fig. 2).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Slide-mountedyoungadult female 0.8- 3 mm long, 0.5-2.5 mm wide (Fig. 3).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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Margin. Marginal setae, pointed, 12-13
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long; placed in a row of 30-36 setae. Stigmatic spines absent. Anal cleft absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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Dorsum. Simple pores, circular, each with a sclerotized rim and 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter; covering entire dorsum. Other pore types absent. Dorsal setae absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="28" start="start">Venter</pageBreakToken>
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. Eyes circular, 5-7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter, each placed anterolaterally to each antenna. Antennae each1-segmented, 15-25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, 12-18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide; eachbearing 2-6 fleshy setae. Legs absent. Clypeolabral shield 113-155
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, 113-125
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide. Labium 3-segmented, triangular, 100-125
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, 50-63
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide; labial setae as follows; basal segment with 2 pairs of hair-like setae, 9-20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, median segment with 1 pair of hair-like setae, 11-13
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, apical segment with 6 setae; 2 apical setae, 9-12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long plus 4 hair-like; subapical setae, each 12-20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long. Spiracles subequal in size; each 42-60
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, 31-50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter of peritreme. Quinquelocular pores each 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter; with 8-11 between mesothoracic spiracles and submarginal band of tubular ducts; 10-13 between the metathoracic spiracles; 2-4 laterad to each metathoracic spiracle; also in a single, complete submarginal band, 1 pore wide from head apex to anal ring; total number of pores per side about 50-71.Bilocular pores each about 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide, totaling 103-135 per side, dispersed within a submarginal tubular duct band. Multilocular pores each 7-8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter with 9-10 loculi; in groups of 3 or 4 between each metathoracic and mesothoracic spiracle;in transverse bands across abdominal segments arranged as follows; segment III with 3-7, IV with 12-24, V with 14-28, VI with 15-35, VII with 18-25, VIII with 12-19, IX with 2-3 on each side of vulva. Tubular ducts
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="29" start="start">dispersed</pageBreakToken>
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in a complete submarginal band, 2-3 ducts wide, each duct with outer ductule 12-18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long and 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide, a sclerotized cup about 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter and inner ductule about 22-30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long; also scattered over thorax. Other ventral setae: with a group of 7 or 8 setae, each 7-13
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, anterior to clypeus; 1 pair, 7-8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, posterior to each antenna; 8-12 setae, each 5-8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, placed medially to each spiracle; 8 setae, 5-13
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, distributed in 1 longitudinal row placed medially to each marginal band of bilocular pores and tubular ducts; each abdominal segment with transverse rows of 4-10 setae, each 7-8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, placed anterior to bands of multilocular pores. Microspines present on median and submedian areas of each abdominal segment, in 3-5 transverse rows; each spine about 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, also scattered on thorax. Anal ring located on venter,composed of 2semi-circles; diameter27-35
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; each half circle bearing 3 pointed setae and 10-12 cells; anterior setae each 25-38
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, median and posterior setae each 15-25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long; 2 pairs of thin setae just anterior to anal ring, each 7-10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, plus a pair of pointed setae postero-laterally to anal ring, separated by a space about double diameter of anal ring, each 10-13
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long. Also1 pair of apical setae, each 65-68
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, and 4 setae, each 15-22
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, between apical setae, similar in structure to, but longer than, marginal setae.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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Figure 1.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nidularia balachowskii" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">Nidularia balachowskii</taxonomicName>
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Bodenheimer young adult female, general appearance.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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Figure 2.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nidularia balachowskii" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">Nidularia balachowskii</taxonomicName>
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Bodenheimer post-reproductive female, general appearance.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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Figure 3.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nidularia balachowskii" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">Nidularia balachowskii</taxonomicName>
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Bodenheimer adult female.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" type="first-instar nymph">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">First-instar nymph.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">General appearance. Yellow-greyish, oval and tapering posteriorly 0.38-0.43 mm long and 0.2-0.3 mm wide.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Slide-mounted specimen. Oval, 0.42-0.53 mm long and 0.19-0.34 mm wide (Fig. 4).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="30" start="start">Margin</pageBreakToken>
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. Marginal setae sharply spinose, pointed apically and slightly curved; each 9-15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long; in a distinct row of 26-33 setae on each margin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
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Dorsum. Derm membranous; intersegmental lines observable. Simple pores, circular with a sclerotized rim, each 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter; totaling about 30, scattered over entire dorsum in 4 longitudinal rows; 2 submarginal lines on thorax and abdomen and 2 medial lines on abdomen; with a single pair of submedial setae on each thoracic segment, each 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
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Venter. Eyes present as semi-circles near margin, diameter 12-15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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. Antennae each 6-segmented, length 88-125
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; segments III and VI longer than other segments; scape with 2 hair-like setae; pedicel with 2 hair-like setae; segment III with 1 long hair-like seta; IV with 1 fleshy seta; V with 1 fleshy seta, 2 hair-like setae and, 1 thick hair-like seta; apical segment with 2 fleshy setae and 5 hair-like setae. Legs well-developed; measurements of hind legs; (in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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): coxae 25-30, trochanter + femur 63-80, tibia 25-38, tarsus 25-60, claw 13-23; total leg length 158-213; trochanter with 2 oval, sensory pores on each side, each about 2-3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide; setae present on each leg segment; tarsal digitules each 25-30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, knobbed apically, extending beyond apex of claw; claw digitules knobbed apically, each 14-20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, shorter than tarsal digitules; each claw with a single denticle near the tip. Clypeolabral shield well-developed; 75-90
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long and 63-75
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide. Labium 3-segmented, triangular, 82-100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long and 35-38
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide; labial setae as follows; basal segment with 2 pairs of setae, each 10-15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, median segment with 1 pair of hair-like setae on dorsal surface, each 10-20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, apical segment with 3 pairs of hair-like setae, 12-17
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long. Spiracles subequal in size; peritreme about 3-5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter; crescent shaped sclerosis 15-25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long. Bilocular pores, oval, each 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long and 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide, with 1 present submarginally about level of each spiracle. Quinquelocular pores each 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter, as follows; 1 just anterior to each spiracle; 1 medially to each coxa; 2 on each of abdominal segments IV, V, VI. Microspines present on median and submedian areas of each abdominal segment, in 2-4 transverse rows; each spine about 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long. Setae 1 pair, similar in size and shape to marginal setae, between anterior apex of body and basal segments of antennae; 6 interantennal setae, each 20-30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long between basal segments of antennae and anterior apex of clypeus; 1 seta 8-15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long medially to each coxa; 2 longitudinal rows, each with 7-8 setae, similar in shape to marginal setae but shorter, each about 8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, extending submarginally from laterad to metathoracic coxae to anterior margin of anal ring, no setae present on most posterior abdominal segment; 2 longitudinal rows of 6 setae, each about 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, located submarginally on abdomen; 2 longitudinal rows of 4 setae, each about 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, located submedially on abdomen; plus 2 longitudinal rows of 6 setae, about 17-18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, located medially. Anal ring located ventrally; composed of 2 semi-circles; diameter 15-25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; each semi-circle with about 17 cells and 3 pointed setae, subequal in size, each 20-30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long. Also with a pair of setae, each 12-15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, anterior to anal ring and 1 pair, each 15-25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, postero-laterally to anal ring. Anal lobes well-developed; each lobe bearing 2 pointed setae, 12-15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, distinctly thicker than marginal setae, plus 1 pair of long, apical setae 77-125
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
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Figure 4.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Nidularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nidularia balachowskii" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskii">Nidularia balachowskii</taxonomicName>
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Bodenheimer first-instar nymph.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |