150 lines
18 KiB
XML
150 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="A7AD7E6E2209D497694D079354F9DA10" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4750.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ff300143-3581-4909-ae95-8dec768fe27a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3702847" ID-ZooBank="CF37CEA8-E156-48A6-8A28-C94A294A75DF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1583849226697" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L. & Fujita, Toshihiko" docDate="2020" docId="03DC87ABFFD5022F17E81CCCFB12921C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4750.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4750 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rhipidaster Sladen 1889" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="77" masterDocId="FFE5FFD3FFDF0225177F1F41FFA29777" masterDocTitle="New species and occurrence records of Japanese Solasteridae and Ganeriidae including a new species of Paralophaster from the North Pacific with an overview of Hyalinothrix" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="67" pageNumber="77" updateTime="1698726646140" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FC7273CB8F1ED04A4BE175FE78109109">
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<mods:title id="E2C11BF755FB4FD693763D9183BA332D">New species and occurrence records of Japanese Solasteridae and Ganeriidae including a new species of Paralophaster from the North Pacific with an overview of Hyalinothrix</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5F0467BD9603A7C4817DDE50658C01BE">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CC8827586FB720F167A5B1B6CC07F619">Fujita, Toshihiko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="88F9947A48305E0AFAA26F30DE2DD294">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A79C0646B3BB7C44219D9E82A5B0941B">
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<mods:date id="12C4AD295841EFD1E96F63A4045DDF46">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03DC87ABFFD5022F17E81CCCFB12921C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3706289" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162481340" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3706289" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC87ABFFD5022F17E81CCCFB12921C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87ABFFD5022F17E81CCCFB12921C" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">
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<subSubSection id="C36F6536FFD5022F17E81CCCFE6B94D0" box="[151,457,909,936]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCA36BDFFD5022F17E81CCCFE6B94D0" blockId="10.[151,457,909,936]" box="[151,457,909,936]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">
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<heading id="D08281D1FFD5022F17E81CCCFE6B94D0" bold="true" box="[151,457,909,936]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D3EFFD5022F17E81CCCFE6B94D0" ID-CoL="7PXLZ" authority="Sladen, 1889" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,457,909,936]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Rhipidaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F17E81CCCFE6B94D0" bold="true" box="[151,457,909,936]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F17E81CCCFE8194DF" bold="true" box="[151,291,909,936]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Rhipidaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B4CFFD5022F16541CCCFE6B94D0" author="Sladen, W. P." box="[299,457,909,935]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" refId="ref25964" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Report on the Asteroidea. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 30 (51), xlii + 893 pages, 118 plates." type="book" year="1889">Sladen, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36F6536FFD5022F17E81C90FE139350" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BCA36BDFFD5022F17E81C90FE71949E" blockId="10.[151,575,976,1063]" box="[151,467,976,1001]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB651193FFD5022F17E81C90FE71949E" box="[151,467,976,1001]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD410ACFFD5022F17E81C90FE6C949E" author="Sladen, W. P." box="[151,462,976,1001]" page="447" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" year="1889">
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D3EFFD5022F17E81C90FE6C949E" ID-CoL="7PXLZ" authority="Sladen, 1889: 447" authorityName="Sladen" authorityPageNumber="447" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,462,976,1001]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Rhipidaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F17E81C90FEAF949E" box="[151,269,977,1001]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Rhipidaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B4CFFD5022F166B1C91FE6C949E" author="Sladen, W. P." box="[276,462,976,1001]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" refId="ref25964" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Report on the Asteroidea. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 30 (51), xlii + 893 pages, 118 plates." type="book" year="1889">Sladen, 1889: 447</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA36BDFFD5022F17E81CB1FD9D937F" blockId="10.[151,575,976,1063]" box="[151,575,1007,1032]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB651193FFD5022F17E81CB1FD9D937F" box="[151,575,1007,1032]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD410ACFFD5022F17E81CB1FD98937F" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[151,570,1007,1032]" page="222" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" year="1913">
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D3EFFD5022F17E81CB1FD98937F" authority="Fisher, 1913: 222" authorityName="Fisher" authorityPageNumber="222" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,570,1007,1032]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Rhipidaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Xenorias">
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F17E81CB1FEAF937F" box="[151,269,1008,1032]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Rhipidaster</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F16631CB0FED5937F" box="[284,375,1009,1032]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Xenorias</emphasis>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B4CFFD5022F16F91CAEFD98937F" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[390,570,1007,1032]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" pagination="201 - 224" refId="ref23777" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1913) New starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes, and the Moluccas. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 46, 201 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.46 - 2022.201" type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher, 1913: 222</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA36BDFFD5022F17E81B4EFE139350" blockId="10.[151,575,976,1063]" box="[151,433,1038,1063]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB651193FFD5022F17E81B4EFE139350" box="[151,433,1038,1063]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD410ACFFD5022F17E81B4EFE0F9350" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[151,429,1038,1063]" page="451" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" year="1919">
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D3EFFD5022F17E81B4EFE0F9350" ID-CoL="ea678afe-c670-4010-8e43-9f24e005f08c" authority="Fisher, 1919: 451" authorityName="Fisher" authorityPageNumber="451" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,429,1038,1063]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Xenorias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F17E81B4EFF509351" box="[151,242,1039,1062]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Xenorias</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B4CFFD5022F17861B4FFE0F9350" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[249,429,1038,1063]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 547" refId="ref23827" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1919) Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the US National Museum, 3 (1000), 1 - 547. https: // doi. org / 10.1126 / science. 50.1293.348" type="journal article" year="1919">Fisher, 1919: 451</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36F6536FFD5022F17E81B15FB12921C" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BCA36BDFFD5022F17E81B15FA819254" blockId="10.[151,1437,1108,1387]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F17E81B15FEBD9318" bold="true" box="[151,287,1108,1135]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Comments.</emphasis>
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It is argued herein that
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D3EFFD5022F15551B17FC839318" authority="Fisher, 1913" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[554,801,1109,1135]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Xenorias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F15551B17FD2D9318" box="[554,655,1110,1135]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Xenorias</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B4CFFD5022F15E91B14FC839318" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[662,801,1109,1135]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" pagination="201 - 224" refId="ref23777" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1913) New starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes, and the Moluccas. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 46, 201 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.46 - 2022.201" type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D3EFFD5022F13531B14FAE99318" authority="Sladen, 1889" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[1068,1355,1109,1135]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Rhipidaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F13531B14FB0D9318" box="[1068,1199,1109,1135]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Rhipidaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B4CFFD5022F13C91B14FAE99318" author="Sladen, W. P." box="[1206,1355,1109,1135]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" refId="ref25964" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Report on the Asteroidea. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 30 (51), xlii + 893 pages, 118 plates." type="book" year="1889">Sladen, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B4CFFD5022F12291B14FF7993E4" author="Fisher, W. K." pageId="10" pageNumber="77" pagination="201 - 224" refId="ref23777" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1913) New starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes, and the Moluccas. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 46, 201 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.46 - 2022.201" type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher (1913</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B4CFFD5022F179A1B38FEBC93E4" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[229,286,1145,1171]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 547" refId="ref23827" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1919) Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the US National Museum, 3 (1000), 1 - 547. https: // doi. org / 10.1126 / science. 50.1293.348" type="journal article" year="1919">1919</bibRefCitation>
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) differentiated
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D3EFFD5022F16B61B3BFD8C93E4" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[457,558,1146,1171]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Xenorias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F16B61B3BFD8C93E4" box="[457,558,1146,1171]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Xenorias</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D3EFFD5022F150F1B38FD5193E4" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[624,755,1145,1171]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Rhipidaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F150F1B38FD5193E4" box="[624,755,1145,1171]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Rhipidaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on the position of the marginal plates, which he argued formed oblique rather than parallel chevrons (in
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D3EFFD5022F15CA1BDCFC9A93C0" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[693,824,1181,1207]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Rhipidaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F15CA1BDCFC9A93C0" box="[693,824,1181,1207]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Rhipidaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) with one another, touching by the inter marginal ends along the side of the ray. Re-examination of these plates on dry specimens showed that the superomarginal and inferomarginal plates were in contact with articulated ends intermarginally permitting flexure. Thus, both parallel and oblique marginal plate arrangements are possible, in many cases on the same arm of a single individual.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA36BDFFD5022F17B81A6CFB12921C" blockId="10.[151,1437,1108,1387]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">
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Although
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D3EFFD5022F16481A6CFE189230" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[311,442,1325,1351]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Rhipidaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F16481A6CFE189230" box="[311,442,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Rhipidaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was not included in the most phylogenetic revision of the Valvatacea (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B4CFFD5022F13BF1A6CFA329230" author="Mah, C. L. & Foltz, D. W." box="[1216,1424,1325,1351]" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" pagination="769 - 788" refId="ref25250" refString="Mah, C. L. & Foltz, D. W. (2011) Molecular Phylogeny of the Valvatacea (Asteroidea, Echinodermata). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 161, 769 - 788. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2010.00659. x" type="journal article" year="2011">Mah & Foltz 2011</bibRefCitation>
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), the possession of multiple arms suggests greatest affinity with
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D3EFFD5022F142A1A10FC13921C" authorityName="E.Forbes" authorityYear="1839" box="[853,945,1361,1387]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Solaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F142A1A10FC13921C" box="[853,945,1361,1387]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Solaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D3EFFD5022F14A91A10FBEC921C" authorityName="J.Muller & Troschel" authorityYear="1840" box="[982,1102,1361,1387]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Crossaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901EAAFFFD5022F14A91A10FBEC921C" box="[982,1102,1361,1387]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Crossaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="134E2A38FFD5022F13211A10FB3D921C" box="[1118,1183,1361,1387]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,2015,2040]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[310,1293,888,1835]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Simplified tree showing relationships between the Solasteridae, Asterinidae and Ganeriidae from Mah & Foltz (2011)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3707920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3707920/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
|
|
</document> |