182 lines
20 KiB
XML
182 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="AC8D5ADEAFE4ABAA0FED9F9E22133309" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00503.x" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5443474" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630455791949" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Rotheray, Graham E., Marcos-García, Maria-Angeles, Hancock, Geoff, Pérez-Bañón, Celeste & Maier, Chris T." docDate="2009" docId="03DC8791FFC5FFC9FC9CFD8B140CC5C4" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2008.00503.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00503.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Copestylum apiciferum" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="715" masterDocId="FFE5FFE9FFD7FFDBFFC8FF8E174BC358" masterDocTitle="Neotropical Copestylum (Diptera, Syrphidae) breeding in Agavaceae and Cactaceae including seven new species" masterLastPageNumber="749" masterPageNumber="697" pageNumber="715" updateTime="1699277160858" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="999E1A023508F3C506E62B1F56AF9F27">Neotropical Copestylum (Diptera, Syrphidae) breeding in Agavaceae and Cactaceae including seven new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B8088938D4DF776ACC74D12395B860F8">Rotheray, Graham E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CE0D2A6ABF165304E17FB240023401E8">Marcos-García, Maria-Angeles</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D6407C49D9627383B990BA02042511B2">Hancock, Geoff</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5EF756DAE5BE0DAD6779193FAEBEC3FE">Pérez-Bañón, Celeste</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8154E34BE641CA88C279A1894F583967">Maier, Chris T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="814088CFD1E870C0C45765AE5D61158B">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4F417F0131E5CFA474FE1FD68CAD1724">
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<mods:date id="DCC97E4B98A8B406B0F20DC8B4042332">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="96734E771A738B17A08E1F304B54E211">2009-08-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A9A1E88E1C8CDFDDE162483A77AD5652">156</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="F335DFA992869CEF3A71DB90F18AE463">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3F1672D963EE975986D9B5AA8E9A4C97" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00503.x</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C4F9D7E09A10CE19D8F8EE7542C750D6" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DC8791FFC5FFC9FC9CFD8B140CC5C4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5492257" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5492257" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC8791FFC5FFC9FC9CFD8B140CC5C4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC8791FFC5FFC9FC9CFD8B140CC5C4" lastPageNumber="715" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">
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<subSubSection id="C36F650CFFC5FFC9FC9CFD8B14C7C02B" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCA3687FFC5FFC9FC9CFD8B1214C142" blockId="18.[852,1375,516,538]" box="[852,1375,516,538]" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">
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<heading id="D08281EBFFC5FFC9FC9CFD8B1214C142" box="[852,1375,516,538]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC5FFC9FC9CFD8B1214C142" ID-CoL="8BKFJ" authority="(TOWNSEND, 1895)" baseAuthorityName="Townsend" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[852,1375,516,538]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apiciferum">
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<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FC9CFD8B1336C140" box="[852,1149,517,538]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">COPESTYLUM APICIFERUM</emphasis>
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(TOWNSEND, 1895)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA3687FFC5FFC9FCEEFDA214C7C02B" blockId="18.[806,1421,555,883]" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">
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<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FCEEFDA213D5C118" box="[806,1182,555,577]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">
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Larva and puparium (
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<figureCitation id="134E2A02FFC5FFC9FB89FDA513DAC118" box="[1089,1169,555,576]" captionStart="Figures 25–27" captionStartId="42.[144,234,1609,1630]" captionTargetBox="[146,1852,426,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-0@42.[144,1856,421,1580]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figures 25–27. Third stage larval Copestylum, whole larva, head to the right; scale bar = 7 mm. 25. Copestylum apiciferum; 26, Copestylum isabellina; 27, Copestylum sica." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5443496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5443496/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
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):
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</emphasis>
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Anterior fold with band of spicules rounded not tapered at outer limits. Longest vestiture of dorsum of prothorax shorter than longest spicules on the anterior fold. Posterior breathing tube about as long as wide above poorly defined TR (
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<figureCitation id="134E2A02FFC5FFC9FC90FD4A14E2C182" box="[856,937,708,730]" captionStart="Figures 66–67" captionStartId="50.[144,234,1640,1659]" captionTargetBox="[303,1263,1197,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-50@50.[303,1263,1197,1609]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Figures 66–67. Puparium of Copestylum apiciferum, scanning electron photomicrographs, scales as indicated on images. 66, posterior breathing tube (prp), dorsal view width at TR = 1.25 mm; 67, pupal spiracle, dorsolateral view length = 0.85 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5443516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5443516/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
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). AP tapering to half width of TR and 0.9¥ as long as TR is wide. Pupal spiracles separated by 2.1¥ their length and openings not clustered closely together at the apex but spread down the upper third and separated by about 2¥ diameter of an opening (
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<figureCitation id="134E2A02FFC5FFC9FCE6FCD31434C02B" box="[814,895,861,883]" captionStart="Figures 66–67" captionStartId="50.[144,234,1640,1659]" captionTargetBox="[303,1263,1197,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-50@50.[303,1263,1197,1609]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Figures 66–67. Puparium of Copestylum apiciferum, scanning electron photomicrographs, scales as indicated on images. 66, posterior breathing tube (prp), dorsal view width at TR = 1.25 mm; 67, pupal spiracle, dorsolateral view length = 0.85 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5443516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5443516/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">Fig. 67</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36F650CFFC5FFC9FCEEFC11140CC5C4" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCA3687FFC5FFC9FCEEFC1114F9C7BF" blockId="18.[806,1421,927,1255]" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">
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<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FCEEFC1113B2C0EC" box="[806,1273,927,948]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">
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Taxonomic notes:
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC5FFC9FC3AFC1113B2C0EC" baseAuthorityName="Townsend" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1010,1273,927,948]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apiciferum">Copestylum apiciferum</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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is separated from
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC5FFC9FCACFC301381C08B" authority="(Williston, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Williston" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[868,1226,957,979]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadratum">
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<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FCACFC30134EC08A" box="[868,1029,957,979]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">C. quadratum</emphasis>
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(Williston, 1891)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC5FFC9FACDFC30122FC08A" authority="Rotheray & Marcos-García & Hancock & Pérez-Bañón & Maier, 2009" authorityName="Rotheray & Marcos-García & Hancock & Pérez-Bañón & Maier" authorityYear="2009" box="[1285,1380,957,979]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="milae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FACDFC30122FC08A" box="[1285,1380,957,979]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">C. milae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23257EEFFC5FFC9FAA5FC30141FC0A9" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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by the pattern of distribution formed by spicules at the ends of the band on the anterior fold that are rounded not tapered, AP not as long as TR is wide and the distribution of the openings on the pupal spiracles, which are distributed over the apical third and not clustered at the apex.
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC5FFC9FBADFBFB1224C7D2" baseAuthorityName="Townsend" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1125,1391,1141,1162]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apiciferum">
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<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FBADFBFB1224C7D2" box="[1125,1391,1141,1162]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">Copestylum apiciferum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is separated from
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC5FFC9FC16FB1A1331C7F0" authority="Rotheray & Marcos-García & Hancock & Pérez-Bañón & Maier, 2009" authorityName="Rotheray & Marcos-García & Hancock & Pérez-Bañón & Maier" authorityYear="2009" box="[990,1146,1171,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hidalgense" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FC16FB1A1331C7F0" box="[990,1146,1171,1193]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">C. hidalgense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23257EEFFC5FFC9FB4AFB1A1392C7F1" box="[1154,1241,1172,1193]" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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by the absence of spicules on the anterodorsal margin of the mesothorax.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA3687FFC5FFC9FCEEFA9C1203C545" blockId="18.[806,1421,1298,1565]" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">
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<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FCEEFA9C1343C67F" box="[806,1032,1298,1319]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">Material examined:</emphasis>
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Five larvae
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<collectingCountry id="F3627617FFC5FFC9FB6EFA9D1390C670" box="[1190,1243,1299,1320]" name="United States of America" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">USA</collectingCountry>
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<collectingRegion id="49B1F865FFC5FFC9FB2DFA9C120AC670" box="[1253,1345,1298,1320]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">Arizona</collectingRegion>
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, Pima Co., Santa
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC5FFC9FC62FABF13DEC61F" authority="Mountains" authorityName="Mountains" box="[938,1173,1329,1351]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Catalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Catalina Mountains</taxonomicName>
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, Lower Bear Canyon
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<date id="FFCB1047FFC5FFC9FCEEFAC114C3C63D" box="[806,904,1359,1381]" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" value="1965-02-01">1.ii.1965</date>
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J. Burger ex decaying
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC5FFC9FB63FADE13E8C6DB" authority="(Englem.) Britton and Rose 1908" authorityName="Britton and Rose" authorityYear="1908" baseAuthorityName="Englem." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Carnegiea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gigantea">
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<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FB63FADE12C6C63D" box="[1195,1421,1360,1381]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">Carnegiea gigantea</emphasis>
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(Englem.) Britton and Rose 1908
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC5FFC9FB02FAE114CDC6FB" authority="Englem." authorityName="Englem." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganteus">
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<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FB02FAE112C6C6DC" box="[1226,1421,1391,1412]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">Cereus giganteus</emphasis>
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Englem.
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</taxonomicName>
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) (SI);
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<specimenCount id="9D73FD0EFFC5FFC9FC16FA03131AC6FB" box="[990,1105,1421,1443]" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" type="larva">one larva</specimenCount>
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<collectingCountry id="F3627617FFC5FFC9FBAAFA0313DCC6FA" box="[1122,1175,1421,1442]" name="United States of America" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">USA</collectingCountry>
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<collectingRegion id="49B1F865FFC5FFC9FB6DFA03124AC6FB" box="[1189,1281,1421,1443]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">Arizona</collectingRegion>
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, Pima Co.,
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<date id="FFCB1047FFC5FFC9FCEEFA2514D3C699" box="[806,920,1451,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" value="1973-04-20">20.iv.1973</date>
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C. T. M. ex decaying
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC5FFC9FB55FA22123EC699" authority="(NMS)" baseAuthorityName="NMS" box="[1181,1397,1451,1473]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Carnegiea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gigantea">
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<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FB55FA22126AC699" box="[1181,1313,1452,1473]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">C. gigantea</emphasis>
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||
(NMS)
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</taxonomicName>
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<specimenCount id="9D73FD0EFFC5FFC9FAB7FA251474C687" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D73FD0EFFC5FFC9FC99FA441435C687" box="[849,894,1482,1503]" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, six puparia
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3627617FFC5FFC9FBE8FA44131EC687" box="[1056,1109,1482,1503]" name="United States of America" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">USA</collectingCountry>
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<collectingRegion id="49B1F865FFC5FFC9FB95FA4413F2C6B8" box="[1117,1209,1482,1504]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">Arizona</collectingRegion>
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, Pima Co.,
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<quantity id="4C8D9B62FFC5FFC9FA8EFA4412C6C6B8" box="[1350,1421,1482,1504]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" unit="km" value="24.0">24 km</quantity>
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west of Tucson
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<date id="FFCB1047FFC5FFC9FC29FA671313C6A7" box="[993,1112,1513,1535]" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" value="1979-03-21">21.iii.1979</date>
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C. T. M. ex rot pocket of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC5FFC9FCEEF9861481C545" box="[806,970,1544,1565]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Ferocactus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FCEEF98614D4C545" box="[806,927,1544,1565]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">Ferocactus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Britton and Rose 1922) (NMS).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCA3687FFC5FFC9FCEEF9C7140CC5C4" blockId="18.[806,1421,1609,1692]" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FCEEF9C714A7C506" box="[806,1004,1609,1630]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">Previous records:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B76FFC5FFC9FC3EF9C71256C507" author="Ryckman RE & Ames CT" box="[1014,1309,1609,1631]" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" pagination="326 - 331" refId="ref33901" refString="Ryckman RE, Ames CT. 1953. Insects reared from cacti in Arizona. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 60: 326 - 331." type="journal article" year="1953">Ryckman & Ames (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B76FFC5FFC9FAE5F9C71426C525" author="Santana FJ" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" refId="ref33952" refString="Santana FJ. 1961. The biology of immature Diptera associated with bacterial decay in the giant sagaro cactus (Cereus giganteus Englemann). MS Thesis, University of Arizona." type="book" year="1961">Santana (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
both ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC5FFC9FC05F9E61305C525" box="[973,1102,1640,1661]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Carnegiea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gigantea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FC05F9E61305C525" box="[973,1102,1640,1661]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">C. gigantea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B76FFC5FFC9FB93F9E913A6C526" author="Maier CT" box="[1115,1261,1639,1662]" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" pagination="603 - 609" refId="ref33507" refString="Maier CT. 1982. Larval habitat and mate-seeking sites of flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae: Eristalinae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society Washington 84: 603 - 609." type="journal article" year="1982">Maier (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C754D04FFC5FFC9FADCF9E6140CC5C4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Ferocactus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="18" pageNumber="715" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EA95FFC5FFC9FADCF9E612C6C525" box="[1300,1421,1640,1661]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="715">Ferocactus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |