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<document id="FEB222A084A08025C3E1817A00F4A11D" ID-CLB-Dataset="2423" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5093.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="701b994e-d6dd-4e39-923d-ad55d113d881" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5901043" ID-ZooBank="E90AE625-98EA-41D5-9C8C-CEA4B877E687" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1643101911126" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Duarte, Paulo R. M., Grossi, Paschoal C. &amp; Dupuis, Fabien" docDate="2022" docId="03B687B92D74FFD476BFFAA4FAAFA27C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5093.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5093 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bothynus spinophallicus Duarte &amp; Grossi &amp; Dupuis 2022, new combination" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="62" masterDocId="FF8FFFC12D7DFFD97628FF9EFFA1A041" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Bothynus villiersi Endrödi, 1968 species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae)" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1699304170453" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="D3DCE3180C838F6C790C012A6E823555" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="74BE1AE4F806A6AB282628A3661B09A9">
<mods:title id="D67B403DDD1785D7A7755719BC64AD60">A taxonomic revision of the Bothynus villiersi Endrödi, 1968 species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="CF777C395F79C4032410DF9108369DD6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F5EC9711802D23257FBFF14716205C67">
<mods:roleTerm id="A9BC43771B22FD558574CA0C4BB2E7CC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5CC847FC0D45F12CB9B9493BC3BD2F25">Duarte, Paulo R. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="93460EF9ED3A3E4116C1574F210FD43E">Departamento de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Manoel de Medeiros, s / n - Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="03DB16817956B5D095F15B50913EF9E2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B5819344DDA8BF110309248E3D95EA39">
<mods:roleTerm id="F76A5A75BD28B1D2375044687437187F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="957FD00B795AB5558565D115280860AB">Grossi, Paschoal C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BA1A28068BF86486D092EFAF01EA6EB5" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6601-5967</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8419C27CE66FB40184C850F32269E6A3">Departamento de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Manoel de Medeiros, s / n - Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil &amp; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6601 - 5967</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="8D2B91ED86177FF7FD2C8B4439B13342">
<mods:roleTerm id="F05636817D5CC57528F46C2491128318">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F6FB73D11D3E5E02572951030497B259">Dupuis, Fabien</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="664B3973AE057652A07F5C325D81D92E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="A2BFC40ABD001F4F0EECF97ADA56E2CA" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="D583A9F0F4F0DD4D36F268441A70089E">
<mods:title id="DF480E8EE3D871514B98313F8A7A3B8A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="4FAFCF6BEC4D7626D69032541F05C568">
<mods:date id="7ED807579093361D4802C8CADEAFAC6E">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="54D6B547FE1611A8A408E6ECB982493A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="410DADB64013EA3AADDA8F9A6F930F92">2022-01-25</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="61B53EB3C88B48131329477ED4F6C11A" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E20317EA0EC55CE3443288F49592208D">5093</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="23CC194ADAF69876D77F2CC3B778C34C" type="issue">
<mods:number id="5F87A41976E93FC0926B07327EBBCE43">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="457E8B946497530F58897AA5B2A7FC7F">49</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="1264157298883347FDE3010F8D550A30">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D291CFE5617893CB10EF35E168EE5660" type="CLB-Dataset">2423</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="04F7E57F92A90D26574202AB7A18B165" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5093.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B687B92D74FFD476BFFAA4FAAFA27C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5903284" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192601207" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5903284" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687B92D74FFD476BFFAA4FAAFA27C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B687B92D74FFD476BFFAA4FAAFA27C" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<subSubSection id="C30565242D74FFD076BFFAA4FC7CA515" box="[151,989,1338,1365]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D74FFD076BFFAA4FC7CA515" blockId="9.[151,989,1338,1401]" box="[151,989,1338,1365]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="D0E881C32D74FFD076BFFAA4FC7CA515" bold="true" box="[151,989,1338,1365]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD076BFFAA4FC7CA515" bold="true" box="[151,989,1338,1365]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D74FFD076BFFAA4FD5BA515" authority="(Ratcliffe &amp; Cave, 2021)" authorityName="Duarte &amp; Grossi &amp; Dupuis" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Ratcliffe &amp; Cave" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[151,762,1338,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinophallicus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD076BFFAA4FE63A514" bold="true" box="[151,450,1338,1365]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Bothynus spinophallicus</emphasis>
(Ratcliffe &amp; Cave, 2021)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857C62D74FFD0752FFAA5FC7CA515" box="[775,989,1338,1365]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" rank="species">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30565242D74FFD076BFFAC1FE0DA538" box="[151,428,1375,1401]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D74FFD076BFFAC1FE0DA538" blockId="9.[151,989,1338,1401]" box="[151,428,1375,1401]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
(
<figureCitation id="13242A2A2D74FFD076B7FAC1FEA5A538" box="[159,260,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox="[153,1428,504,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-148@4.[151,1435,489,1945]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Holotype dorsal habitus with their respective labels on the right side: A, Bothynus villiersi Endrödi, 1968; B, Bothynus horridus Endrödi, 1968; C, Bothynus alvarengai Martínez, 1983; D, Bothynus spinophallicus (Ratcliffe &amp; Cave, 2021)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5901049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5901049/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Figs. 2D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="13242A2A2D74FFD07738FAC1FE95A538" box="[272,308,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1883,1907]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,277,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-60@6.[151,1435,273,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male dorsal habitus: A, Bothynus villiersi Endrödi, 1968; B, Bothynus horridus Endrödi, 1968; C, Bothynus alvarengai Martínez, 1983; D, Bothynus spinophallicus (Ratcliffe &amp; Cave, 2021); E, Bothynus belemensis new species (holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5901053" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5901053/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">3D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="13242A2A2D74FFD07769FAC1FE29A538" box="[321,392,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,187,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-20@11.[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aedeagus in lateral view and parameres in dorsal view, respectively: A–B, Bothynus villiersi Endrödi, 1968; C–D, Bothynus horridus Endrödi, 1968; E–F, Bothynus alvarengai Martínez, 1983; G–H, Bothynus belemensis new species. lmp = left medial process, rbp = right basal process, rmp = right medial process. Arrow indicating elongated parameres apex in B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5901063" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5901063/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">6G–H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="13242A2A2D74FFD077BCFAC1FE02A538" box="[404,419,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,453,1737]" captionTargetId="figure-171@14.[151,1435,453,1737]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Geographic distribution of the Bothynus villiersi species group. The star inscribed by a red circle indicates a possible mislabeled record." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5901071" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5901071/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">9</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30565242D74FFD076BFFA3DFCD9A5FA" box="[151,888,1443,1467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D74FFD076BFFA3DFCD9A5FA" blockId="9.[151,888,1443,1467]" box="[151,888,1443,1467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D74FFD076BFFA3DFD3AA5FA" authority="Ratcliffe &amp; Cave 2021: 45" authorityName="Ratcliffe &amp; Cave" authorityPageNumber="45" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,667,1443,1467]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Coelosis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinophallicus">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD076BFFA3DFE28A5FA" box="[151,393,1443,1467]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Coelosis spinophallicus</emphasis>
Ratcliffe &amp; Cave 2021: 45
</taxonomicName>
(original description)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30565242D74FFD076BFFA77FDDEA69A" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D74FFD076BFFA77FDB0A6D2" blockId="9.[151,1437,1513,2008]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD076BFFA77FE17A642" bold="true" box="[151,438,1513,1539]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Type material examined</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B773CF22D74FFD077EBFA77FB62A666" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3455072332" collectionCode="UNSM" collectorName="R. C. Aguilar &amp; Aguilar J." country="Paraguay" location="Paraguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54A4880D2D74FFD077EBFA77FD8AA642" box="[451,555,1513,1539]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male (
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE6A2D74FFD0745EFA77FD6CA642" box="[630,717,1513,1539]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34868" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34868" name="University of Nebraska State Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">UNSM</collectionCode>
), labeled: “
<collectingCountry id="F308763F2D74FFD0756FFA77FC17A642" box="[839,950,1513,1539]" name="Paraguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
: San Pedro Capiibary Marzo.1994 col.
<collectorName id="26EA53792D74FFD07341FA77FF4CA666" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">R.C. Aguilar</collectorName>
J.” [white label, handwritten] / “
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D74FFD0747CF993FC6FA666" authorityName="Ratcliffe &amp; Cave" authorityYear="2021" box="[596,974,1549,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Coelosis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinophallicus">COELOSIS SPINOPHALLICUS</taxonomicName>
RACLIFFE &amp; CAVE
</materialsCitation>
<typeStatus id="54A4880D2D74FFD072E1F993FAC1A666" box="[1225,1376,1549,1575]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
” [red label, partially handwritten, with data inscribed within a black border rectangle] / “
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D74FFD0723AF9AFFA3DA60A" authorityName="Duarte &amp; Grossi &amp; Dupuis" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Ratcliffe &amp; Cave" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1042,1436,1585,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinophallicus">BOTHYNUS SPINOPHALLICUS</taxonomicName>
(RATCLIFFE &amp; CAVE) det B.C. Ratcliffe 2021” [white label, partially handwritten, with data inscribed within a black border rectangle] (
<figureCitation id="13242A2A2D74FFD07782F9E7FDA4A6D2" box="[426,517,1657,1683]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox="[153,1428,504,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-148@4.[151,1435,489,1945]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Holotype dorsal habitus with their respective labels on the right side: A, Bothynus villiersi Endrödi, 1968; B, Bothynus horridus Endrödi, 1968; C, Bothynus alvarengai Martínez, 1983; D, Bothynus spinophallicus (Ratcliffe &amp; Cave, 2021)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5901049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5901049/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D74FFD076EFF903FDDEA69A" blockId="9.[151,1437,1513,2008]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD076EFF903FD8AA6F6" bold="true" box="[199,555,1693,1719]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Additional material examined</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B773CF22D74FFD07410F900FDDAA69A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3455072345" collectingDate="2011-05" collectionCode="CERPE" collectorName="C. S. Costa &amp; Equipe" country="Brazil" location="Parque Estadual do Cerrado" municipality="Jaguariaiva" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Parana">
<collectingCountry id="F308763F2D74FFD07410F900FD03A6F9" box="[568,674,1694,1720]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49DBF84D2D74FFD07483F901FC81A6FB" box="[683,800,1695,1722]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">PARANÁ</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4ACD52D74FFD07501F903FC0AA6F6" box="[809,939,1693,1719]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Jaguariaíva</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EC060742D74FFD0759DF900FB4FA6F6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687B92D74FFD476BFFAA4FAAFA27C:8EC060742D74FFD0759DF900FB4FA6F6" box="[949,1262,1693,1720]" country="Brazil" municipality="Jaguariaiva" name="Parque Estadual do Cerrado" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Parana">Parque Estadual do Cerrado</location>
,
<date id="FFA1106F2D74FFD072D0F903FAE4A6F6" box="[1272,1349,1693,1719]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" value="2011-05">
<collectingDate id="EFE5E9872D74FFD072D0F903FAE4A6F6" box="[1272,1349,1693,1719]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" value="2011-05">
v.
<quantity id="4CE79B4A2D74FFD07322F903FAE4A6F6" box="[1290,1349,1693,1719]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01187" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="2011870.0">2011</quantity>
</collectingDate>
</date>
, 870 m,
<collectorName id="26EA53792D74FFD076BFF95FFEAFA69A" box="[151,270,1729,1755]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">C.S. Costa</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26EA53792D74FFD0776DF95FFE34A69A" box="[325,405,1729,1755]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Equipe</collectorName>
—
<specimenCount id="9D19FD262D74FFD07799F95FFDA7A69A" box="[433,518,1729,1755]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE6A2D74FFD0743DF95FFDD2A69A" box="[533,627,1729,1755]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">CERPE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30565242D74FFD076EFF97BFECAA7D1" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D74FFD076EFF97BFECAA7D1" blockId="9.[151,1437,1513,2008]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD076EFF97BFE9BA6BE" bold="true" box="[199,314,1765,1791]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D74FFD07763F97BFDFEA6BE" authorityName="Duarte &amp; Grossi &amp; Dupuis" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Ratcliffe &amp; Cave" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[331,607,1765,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinophallicus">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD07763F97BFDFEA6BE" box="[331,607,1765,1791]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Bothynus spinophallicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
distinguishes from other species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D74FFD07207F978FB07A6BE" authorityName="Endrodi" authorityYear="1968" box="[1071,1190,1765,1792]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villiersi">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD07207F978FBE1A6BE" box="[1071,1088,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD07278F97BFB07A6BE" box="[1104,1190,1765,1791]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">villiersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group by the right paramere with a strong process located on the middle of the inner margin combined with the left paramere devoid or only with a weak triangular process on the inner margin (
<figureCitation id="13242A2A2D74FFD07589F8B3FC5CA709" box="[929,1021,1837,1864]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,187,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-20@11.[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aedeagus in lateral view and parameres in dorsal view, respectively: A–B, Bothynus villiersi Endrödi, 1968; C–D, Bothynus horridus Endrödi, 1968; E–F, Bothynus alvarengai Martínez, 1983; G–H, Bothynus belemensis new species. lmp = left medial process, rbp = right basal process, rmp = right medial process. Arrow indicating elongated parameres apex in B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5901063" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5901063/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Fig. 6H</figureCitation>
). This configuration of parameres is close to those found in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D74FFD07788F8CCFDB7A72A" authorityName="Endrodi" authorityYear="1968" box="[416,534,1873,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villiersi">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD07788F8CCFDB7A72A" box="[416,534,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">B. villiersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the apex of parameres is shortened in
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D74FFD075D5F8CCFB18A72A" box="[1021,1209,1873,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinophalicus">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD075D5F8CCFB18A72A" box="[1021,1209,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">B. spinophalicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, instead of elongate such as
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D74FFD076D8F8E8FEC4A7CE" authorityName="Endrodi" authorityYear="1968" box="[240,357,1909,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villiersi">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD076D8F8E8FEC4A7CE" box="[240,357,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">B. villiersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30565242D74FFD376EFF807FE03A27C" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D74FFD376EFF807FC80A258" blockId="9.[151,1437,1513,2008]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD076EFF807FEF0A7F2" bold="true" box="[199,337,1945,1971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Description</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD07749F807FDB1A7F2" bold="true" box="[353,528,1945,1971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
Male (
<figureCitation id="13242A2A2D74FFD07785F807FDA9A7F2" box="[429,520,1945,1971]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1883,1907]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,277,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-60@6.[151,1435,273,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male dorsal habitus: A, Bothynus villiersi Endrödi, 1968; B, Bothynus horridus Endrödi, 1968; C, Bothynus alvarengai Martínez, 1983; D, Bothynus spinophallicus (Ratcliffe &amp; Cave, 2021); E, Bothynus belemensis new species (holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5901053" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5901053/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD07408F807FDD7A7F2" bold="true" box="[544,630,1945,1971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Length</emphasis>
: 27.0–
<quantity id="4CE79B4A2D74FFD074EDF807FC8DA7F5" box="[709,812,1945,1972]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.78" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="27.8">27.8 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD07510F807FC25A7F2" bold="true" box="[824,900,1945,1971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Width</emphasis>
: 13.8–14.0 mm.
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD0726EF807FB2BA7F2" bold="true" box="[1094,1162,1945,1971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Color</emphasis>
: Mostly reddish brown; protibial margins, tarsi, meso- and metatibiae dark.
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D74FFD074C6F823FC8FA796" bold="true" box="[750,814,1981,2007]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Head</emphasis>
: Clypeal surface rugose. Frontoclypeal ridge strongly raised, slightly arched. Frons transversely rugose. Interocular width about 4.1 transverse eye diameters.
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD3732DFF09FA35A0F0" bold="true" box="[1285,1428,151,177]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Mouthparts</emphasis>
: Mandibles bearing apical tooth triangular; medial and basal teeth lobed; apical and medial teeth separated by a deep notch, medial and basal by a shallow notch.
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD374A4FF41FCAEA0B8" bold="true" box="[652,783,223,249]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Pronotum:</emphasis>
Anterior tubercle conical; concavity wide, deep, confined on discal anterior area; surface transversely rugose on concavity; sides bearing dense, deep, contiguous punctures; posterior disc smooth.
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD3778AFEB9FE7BA100" bold="true" box="[418,474,295,321]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Legs</emphasis>
: Inner protarsal claw subequal to outer claw.
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD375DEFEB8FBCAA101" bold="true" box="[1014,1131,294,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Ventrites 1–2 completely setose; 3–5 bearing a transverse row of setigerous punctures confined on sides, disc glabrous, weakly punctate. Ventrite 6 rugopunctate on sides, weakly punctate on disc.
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD37500FEF1FCD9A1C8" bold="true" box="[808,888,367,393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Venter</emphasis>
: Prosternal process columnar, produced between coxae, conical apically.
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD3778AFE0CFDB4A1ED" bold="true" box="[418,533,402,428]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Aedeagus</emphasis>
: Parameres, in lateral view (left side) (
<figureCitation id="13242A2A2D77FFD375EFFE0DFB81A1EF" box="[967,1056,403,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,187,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-20@11.[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aedeagus in lateral view and parameres in dorsal view, respectively: A–B, Bothynus villiersi Endrödi, 1968; C–D, Bothynus horridus Endrödi, 1968; E–F, Bothynus alvarengai Martínez, 1983; G–H, Bothynus belemensis new species. lmp = left medial process, rbp = right basal process, rmp = right medial process. Arrow indicating elongated parameres apex in B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5901063" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5901063/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 6G</figureCitation>
), subtriangular, bent downward at apex. Parameres, in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="13242A2A2D77FFD37420FE29FDC3A193" box="[520,610,439,466]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,187,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-20@11.[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aedeagus in lateral view and parameres in dorsal view, respectively: A–B, Bothynus villiersi Endrödi, 1968; C–D, Bothynus horridus Endrödi, 1968; E–F, Bothynus alvarengai Martínez, 1983; G–H, Bothynus belemensis new species. lmp = left medial process, rbp = right basal process, rmp = right medial process. Arrow indicating elongated parameres apex in B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5901063" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5901063/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 6H</figureCitation>
), oval, short apically, subapically with one small process on external sides of each paramere; right paramere bearing a strongly middle process on inner margin; left paramere with no or only with a weak, triangular process at middle of inner margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D77FFD376EFFDBDFE03A27C" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,573]" box="[199,418,547,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD376EFFDBDFE84A27C" bold="true" box="[199,293,547,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6066272D77FFD376BFF8F8FC49A7E3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5901059" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5901059" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5901059/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" startId="10.[151,250,1894,1918]" targetBox="[155,1416,609,1858]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D77FFD376BFF8F8FC49A7E3" blockId="10.[151,1436,1894,1954]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD376BFF8F8FEB3A73F" bold="true" box="[151,274,1894,1918]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
. Spiculum gastrale:
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD377DAF8F8FDA5A73F" bold="true" box="[498,516,1894,1918]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">A</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D77FFD3743EF8F8FCD3A73F" authority="Endrodi, 1968" authorityName="Endrodi" authorityYear="1968" box="[534,882,1894,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villiersi">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD3743EF8F8FD6CA73F" box="[534,717,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Bothynus villiersi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B5E2D77FFD374F1F8F8FCD3A73F" author="Endrodi, S." box="[729,882,1894,1918]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="161 - 177" refId="ref10112" refString="Endrodi, S. (1968). Neue Arten der Pentodontini. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, Series Nova, 21 (12), 161 - 177." type="journal article" year="1968">Endrödi, 1968</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD375AAF8F8FC32A73F" bold="true" box="[898,915,1894,1918]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">B</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D77FFD3758CF8F8FAAAA73F" authority="Endrodi, 1968" authorityName="Endrodi" authorityYear="1968" box="[932,1291,1894,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="horridus">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD3758CF8F8FBC4A73F" box="[932,1125,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Bothynus horridus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B5E2D77FFD37259F8F8FAAAA73F" author="Endrodi, S." box="[1137,1291,1894,1918]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="161 - 177" refId="ref10112" refString="Endrodi, S. (1968). Neue Arten der Pentodontini. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, Series Nova, 21 (12), 161 - 177." type="journal article" year="1968">Endrödi, 1968</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD37332F8F8FA8DA73F" bold="true" box="[1306,1324,1894,1918]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">C</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D77FFD37316F8F8FE09A7E3" authority="Martinez, 1983" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1983" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvarengai">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD37316F8F8FEA5A7E3" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Bothynus alvarengai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B5E2D77FFD37722F814FE09A7E3" author="Martinez, A." box="[266,424,1930,1954]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="297 - 300" refId="ref10673" refString="Martinez, A. (1983) Nueva especie de Bothynus de Brasil (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Pentodontini). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 27, 297 - 300." type="journal article" year="1983">Martínez, 1983</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD3779AF814FE65A7E3" bold="true" box="[434,452,1930,1954]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">D</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D77FFD377F9F814FD04A7E3" authority="Duarte &amp; Grossi &amp; Dupuis, 2022" authorityName="Duarte &amp; Grossi &amp; Dupuis" authorityYear="2022" box="[465,677,1930,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="belemensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D77FFD377F9F814FD04A7E3" box="[465,677,1930,1954]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Bothynus belemensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857C62D77FFD37484F815FC89A7E3" box="[684,808,1930,1954]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
. hs = hemisternite.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6066272D76FFD276BFF89EFAD8A721" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5901063" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5901063" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5901063/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" startId="11.[151,250,1792,1816]" targetBox="[168,1416,187,1763]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D76FFD276BFF89EFAD8A721" blockId="11.[151,1436,1792,1888]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D76FFD276BFF89EFEACA759" bold="true" box="[151,269,1792,1816]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
. Aedeagus in lateral view and parameres in dorsal view, respectively:
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D76FFD275FBF89EFBA3A759" bold="true" box="[979,1026,1792,1816]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">A–B</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D76FFD27227F89EFAFAA759" authority="Endrodi, 1968" authorityName="Endrodi" authorityYear="1968" box="[1039,1371,1792,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villiersi">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D76FFD27227F89EFB61A759" box="[1039,1216,1792,1816]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Bothynus villiersi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B5E2D76FFD272EFF89EFAFAA759" author="Endrodi, S." box="[1223,1371,1792,1816]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" pagination="161 - 177" refId="ref10112" refString="Endrodi, S. (1968). Neue Arten der Pentodontini. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, Series Nova, 21 (12), 161 - 177." type="journal article" year="1968">Endrödi, 1968</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D76FFD2734DF89EFA37A759" bold="true" box="[1381,1430,1792,1816]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">C–D</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D76FFD276BFF8BAFE51A77D" authority="Endrodi, 1968" authorityName="Endrodi" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,496,1828,1852]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="horridus">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D76FFD276BFF8BAFEF5A77D" box="[151,340,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Bothynus horridus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B5E2D76FFD27773F8BAFE51A77D" author="Endrodi, S." box="[347,496,1828,1852]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" pagination="161 - 177" refId="ref10112" refString="Endrodi, S. (1968). Neue Arten der Pentodontini. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, Series Nova, 21 (12), 161 - 177." type="journal article" year="1968">Endrödi, 1968</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D76FFD277D3F8BAFD89A77D" bold="true" box="[507,552,1828,1852]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">E–F</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D76FFD2741EF8BAFC0EA77D" authority="Martinez, 1983" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1983" box="[566,943,1828,1852]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvarengai">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D76FFD2741EF8BAFCA8A77D" box="[566,777,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Bothynus alvarengai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B5E2D76FFD27538F8BAFC0EA77D" author="Martinez, A." box="[784,943,1828,1852]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" pagination="297 - 300" refId="ref10673" refString="Martinez, A. (1983) Nueva especie de Bothynus de Brasil (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Pentodontini). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 27, 297 - 300." type="journal article" year="1983">Martínez, 1983</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D76FFD27592F8BAFC4CA77D" bold="true" box="[954,1005,1828,1852]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">G–H</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D76FFD275D3F8BAFB71A77D" authority="Duarte &amp; Grossi &amp; Dupuis, 2022" authorityName="Duarte &amp; Grossi &amp; Dupuis" authorityYear="2022" box="[1019,1232,1828,1852]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="belemensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D76FFD275D3F8BAFB71A77D" box="[1019,1232,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Bothynus belemensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857C62D76FFD272FFF8BBFAF4A77D" box="[1239,1365,1828,1852]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
. lmp = left medial process, rbp = right basal process, rmp = right medial process. Arrow indicating elongated parameres apex in B.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6066272D71FFD576BFF836FC8CA7A5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5901065" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5901065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5901065/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" startId="12.[151,250,1960,1984]" targetBox="[170,1412,193,1925]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D71FFD576BFF836FC8CA7A5" blockId="12.[151,1436,1960,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D71FFD576BFF836FEAEA780" bold="true" box="[151,271,1960,1985]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">FIGURE 7</emphasis>
. Female dorsal habitus:
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D71FFD57439F836FD82A781" bold="true" box="[529,547,1960,1984]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">A</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D71FFD5741AF836FC27A781" authority="Endrodi, 1968" authorityName="Endrodi" authorityYear="1968" box="[562,902,1960,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villiersi">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D71FFD5741AF836FD47A781" box="[562,742,1960,1984]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Bothynus villiersi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B5E2D71FFD574C7F836FC27A781" author="Endrodi, S." box="[751,902,1960,1984]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" pagination="161 - 177" refId="ref10112" refString="Endrodi, S. (1968). Neue Arten der Pentodontini. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, Series Nova, 21 (12), 161 - 177." type="journal article" year="1968">Endrödi, 1968</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D71FFD575BBF837FC05A780" bold="true" box="[915,932,1961,1985]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">B</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D71FFD5759AF836FAB1A781" authority="Endrodi, 1968" authorityName="Endrodi" authorityYear="1968" box="[946,1296,1960,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="horridus">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D71FFD5759AF836FBD0A781" box="[946,1137,1960,1984]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Bothynus horridus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B5E2D71FFD57251F836FAB1A781" author="Endrodi, S." box="[1145,1296,1960,1984]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" pagination="161 - 177" refId="ref10112" refString="Endrodi, S. (1968). Neue Arten der Pentodontini. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, Series Nova, 21 (12), 161 - 177." type="journal article" year="1968">Endrödi, 1968</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D71FFD57335F836FA8EA781" bold="true" box="[1309,1327,1960,1984]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">C</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D71FFD57316F836FE09A7A4" authority="Martinez, 1983" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1983" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvarengai">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D71FFD57316F836FEA5A7A5" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Bothynus alvarengai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B5E2D71FFD57722F852FE09A7A4" author="Martinez, A." box="[266,424,1996,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" pagination="297 - 300" refId="ref10673" refString="Martinez, A. (1983) Nueva especie de Bothynus de Brasil (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Pentodontini). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 27, 297 - 300." type="journal article" year="1983">Martínez, 1983</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D71FFD5779AF853FE65A7A4" bold="true" box="[434,452,1997,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">D</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D71FFD577F9F852FD04A7A5" authority="Duarte &amp; Grossi &amp; Dupuis, 2022" authorityName="Duarte &amp; Grossi &amp; Dupuis" authorityYear="2022" box="[465,677,1996,2020]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="belemensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D71FFD577F9F852FD04A7A5" box="[465,677,1996,2020]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Bothynus belemensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857C62D71FFD57484F853FC89A7A5" box="[684,808,1996,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C30565242D70FFD476EFFF09FE61A1EC" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D70FFD476EFFF09FE61A1EC" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,574]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D70FFD476EFFF09FE95A0F0" bold="true" box="[199,308,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Remarks</emphasis>
. We transfer the species from
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D70FFD47489FF09FC32A0F0" authority="Hope, 1837" authorityName="Hope" authorityYear="1837" box="[673,915,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Coelosis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D70FFD47489FF09FCA0A0F0" box="[673,769,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Coelosis</emphasis>
Hope, 1837
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D70FFD47597FF09FB86A0F0" authorityName="Hope" authorityYear="1837" box="[959,1063,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D70FFD47597FF09FB86A0F0" box="[959,1063,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Bothynus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
after
<typeStatus id="54A4880D2D70FFD47259FF09FB72A0F0" box="[1137,1235,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
examination and comparison with two other specimens. The species is related to
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D70FFD4755AFF25FC7BA094" authorityName="Hope" authorityYear="1837" box="[882,986,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D70FFD4755AFF25FC7BA094" box="[882,986,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Bothynus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the head bearing a transverse ridge, columnar prosternal process, and meso- and metatibia with the medial carina devoid of tooth. Instead,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D70FFD47329FF41FAC0A0B8" authorityName="Hope" authorityYear="1837" box="[1281,1377,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Coelosis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D70FFD47329FF41FAC0A0B8" box="[1281,1377,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Coelosis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a horn or tubercle on the head, triangular prosternal process, and the meso- and metatibia sometimes with a tooth on the medial carina (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B5E2D70FFD477AFFEB9FD09A100" author="Iannuzzi, L. &amp; Marioni, R. C." box="[391,680,294,321]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" pagination="93 - 121" refId="ref10379" refString="Iannuzzi, L. &amp; Marioni, R. C. (1995) Revisao do genero neotropical Coelosis Hope (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 12, 93 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81751995000100012" type="journal article" year="1995">Iannuzzi &amp; Marioni 1995</bibRefCitation>
). After publication of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D70FFD475B5FEB9FA9FA100" authority=", Ratcliffe and Cave" authorityName="Ratcliffe and Cave" box="[925,1342,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinophallicus">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D70FFD475B5FEB9FBC1A100" box="[925,1120,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">C. spinophallicus</emphasis>
, Ratcliffe and Cave
</taxonomicName>
realized the species is related to
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D70FFD47788FED5FDA9A124" authorityName="Hope" authorityYear="1837" box="[416,520,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D70FFD47788FED5FDA9A124" box="[416,520,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Bothynus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(personal communication to PRMD, 2021). The species was published during the finalization of our revision on the
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D70FFD47431FEF1FD7FA1C8" authorityName="Endrodi" authorityYear="1968" box="[537,734,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villiersi">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D70FFD47431FEF1FD7FA1C8" box="[537,734,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Bothynus villiersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group, whose
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D2C2D70FFD475F5FEF1FB3EA1C8" box="[989,1183,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Bothynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinophallicus">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D70FFD475F5FEF1FB3EA1C8" box="[989,1183,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">B. spinophallicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is related and, for this reason, was included here.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30565242D70FFD476EFFE28FF42A1B4" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D70FFD476EFFE28FF42A1B4" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,574]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D70FFD476EFFE28FEF8A191" bold="true" box="[199,345,438,464]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Distribution</emphasis>
. The two additional specimens examined here were collected in Cerrado areas from southern
<collectingCountry id="F308763F2D70FFD476BFFE45FF7EA1B4" box="[151,223,475,501]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30565242D70FFD476EFFE61FAAFA27C" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D70FFD476EFFE61FD76A258" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,574]" box="[199,727,510,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
<materialsCitation id="3B773CF22D70FFD476EFFE61FD72A258" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3455072361" box="[199,723,510,537]" country="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" location="Capiibary" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D70FFD476EFFE61FEC1A259" bold="true" box="[199,352,510,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
<typeStatus id="54A4880D2D70FFD476EFFE61FEA3A258" box="[199,258,511,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
.
<location id="8EC060742D70FFD47746FE61FE7FA258" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687B92D74FFD476BFFAA4FAAFA27C:8EC060742D70FFD47746FE61FE7FA258" box="[366,478,511,537]" country="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" name="Capiibary" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Capiibary</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="F308763F2D70FFD477C0FE61FDFCA258" box="[488,605,511,537]" name="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">San Pedro</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F308763F2D70FFD47441FE61FD72A258" box="[617,723,511,537]" name="Paraguay" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA036AF2D70FFD476EFFDBCFAAFA27C" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,574]" box="[199,1294,546,574]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B96BEABD2D70FFD476EFFDBCFD86A27D" bold="true" box="[199,551,546,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
Geographical records (
<figureCitation id="13242A2A2D70FFD477F1FDBCFDBFA27D" box="[473,542,546,572]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,453,1737]" captionTargetId="figure-171@14.[151,1435,453,1737]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Geographic distribution of the Bothynus villiersi species group. The star inscribed by a red circle indicates a possible mislabeled record." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5901071" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5901071/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F308763F2D70FFD4741CFDBDFD3FA27C" box="[564,670,547,573]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49DBF84D2D70FFD47480FDBDFCEDA27C" box="[680,844,547,573]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
(new record).
<collectingCountry id="F308763F2D70FFD475D9FDBDFB2BA27C" box="[1009,1162,547,573]" name="Paraguay" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">PARAGUAY</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49DBF84D2D70FFD472BCFDBDFAABA27C" box="[1172,1290,547,573]" country="Paraguay" name="San Pedro" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">San Pedro</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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