297 lines
38 KiB
XML
297 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.272951" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e2c88f4c-3ac2-45f9-95e4-99b75561a081" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="272951" ID-ZooBank="6D68A019-6F63-4AA4-A8B3-92D351F1F69B" checkinTime="1484409208030" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Van, Rob W. M." docDate="2017" docId="03A800107714FFE9FF14A0C7915CFF62" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4217.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@5ce3343f" docStyleName="zootaxa.2013.monograph" docTitle="Biemna rhabdotylostylota Van, 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="19" lastPageNumber="70" masterDocId="FF9178687757FFACFF83A36B907DFF9A" masterDocTitle="Sponges of the Guyana Shelf" masterLastPageNumber="225" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="68" updateTime="1645784257244" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Sponges of the Guyana Shelf</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>225</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.272951</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">e2c88f4c-3ac2-45f9-95e4-99b75561a081</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">272951</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">6D68A019-6F63-4AA4-A8B3-92D351F1F69B</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5698620" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127419906" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5698620" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A800107714FFE9FF14A0C7915CFF62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A800107714FFE9FF14A0C7915CFF62" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<subSubSection pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="67.[151,561,940,999]" box="[151,561,940,966]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<heading bold="true" box="[151,561,940,966]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" reason="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,561,940,966]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<taxonomicName box="[151,461,940,966]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rhabdotylostylota" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,461,940,966]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Biemna rhabdotylostylota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[468,561,940,966]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="67.[151,561,940,999]" box="[151,304,974,999]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<figureCitation box="[151,270,974,999]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Figures 44</figureCitation>
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a–j
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="67.[151,1437,1046,2007]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726264" collectingDate="1966-05-07" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="Snellius O. C. P. S." country="Suriname" elevation="64" latitude="7.28" location="Suriname" longLatPrecision="555" longitude="-56.7933" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCode="RMNH 9927" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,385,1046,1071]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus box="[393,497,1046,1071]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCode box="[506,657,1047,1071]" collectionCode="RMNH" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<collectionCode box="[506,590,1047,1070]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">RMNH</collectionCode>
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9927
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</specimenCode>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[669,779,1046,1071]" name="Suriname" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Suriname</collectingCountry>
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, ‘
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<collectorName box="[796,998,1046,1071]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Snellius O.C.P.S.</collectorName>
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’
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<collectingCountry box="[1012,1099,1047,1071]" name="Guyana" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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Shelf Expedition, station G7,
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<geoCoordinate box="[151,231,1083,1107]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" precision="555" value="7.28">7.28°N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate box="[238,367,1082,1107]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" precision="5" value="-56.7933">56.7933°W</geoCoordinate>
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, depth
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<quantity box="[447,507,1082,1107]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="64.0">
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<elevation box="[447,507,1082,1107]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="64.0">64 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, bottom sand,
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<date box="[670,809,1082,1107]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1966-05-07">
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<collectingDate box="[670,809,1082,1107]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1966-05-07">7 May 1966</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="67.[151,1437,1046,2007]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,345,1118,1143]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Description.</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[360,443,1118,1143]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
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a) Sponge consolidating an irregularly curled mass of rubble, shell debris and sand, size about
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<quantity box="[224,297,1155,1179]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
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long and 2.5 wide and thick. Sponge recognized as a glassy, grayish, smooth tissue (in alcohol) cementing white and brown foreign objects.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="67.[151,1437,1046,2007]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,309,1226,1251]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Skeleton.</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[323,404,1226,1251]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
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b) Not clearly differentiated, largely confused, with larger megascleres singly erect on pieces of calcareous matter, carrying a membrane charged with microscleres.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="67.[151,1437,1046,2007]" box="[199,1129,1298,1323]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,304,1298,1323]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Spicules.</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[319,404,1298,1323]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Figs 44</figureCitation>
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c–j) Tylostyles, rhabdotylostyles, sigmas, dragmas of microxeas.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="67.[151,1437,1046,2007]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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Tylostyles (
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<figureCitation box="[332,423,1334,1359]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Figs 44</figureCitation>
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c–d), smooth, curved gently, especially in the proximal part below the tyle, tapering to thinner, but often bluntly rounded endings (
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<figureCitation box="[652,740,1370,1395]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
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c1), in a large size range, not clearly divisible in two distinct sizes, larger (
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||
<figureCitation box="[303,387,1406,1431]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
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c) 690–936 x 5.5–8.5 µm, smaller (
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<figureCitation box="[793,876,1406,1431]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
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d) 237–456
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<date box="[1014,1050,1406,1431]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">x 2</date>
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–5.5 µm), overall 237–
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<emphasis box="[1315,1357,1407,1431]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">571</emphasis>
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–936
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<date pageId="67" pageNumber="68">x 2</date>
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–4.9–8.5 µm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="67.[151,1437,1046,2007]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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Rhabdotylostyles (
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<figureCitation box="[413,503,1478,1503]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Figs 44</figureCitation>
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e–f), smooth, abruptly curved just below the tyle, gradually tapering to a sharp ending (
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<figureCitation box="[245,332,1514,1539]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
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||
f1), in a large size range, not clearly divisible in two distinct sizes, larger (
|
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<figureCitation box="[1199,1284,1514,1539]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
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e) 207–387
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||
<date pageId="67" pageNumber="68">x 4</date>
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–7.5 µm, smaller (
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<figureCitation box="[371,451,1550,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
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f) 78–189
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||
<date box="[567,630,1550,1575]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">x 1–5</date>
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||
µm), overall 78–
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||
<emphasis box="[825,867,1551,1575]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">181</emphasis>
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||
–387
|
||
<date box="[930,961,1551,1575]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">x 1</date>
|
||
–
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||
<emphasis box="[979,1014,1551,1575]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">4.4</emphasis>
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||
–7.5 µm.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="67.[151,1437,1046,2007]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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Sigmas (
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<figureCitation box="[297,384,1586,1611]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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||
Figs
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||
<quantity box="[354,384,1586,1611]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="g" value="44.0">44</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
g–h), small and thin, with faint roughening of the apices, divisible in two distinct size ranges, (1) larger (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[270,353,1622,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity box="[323,353,1623,1647]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="g" value="44.0">44</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
g) 13–
|
||
<emphasis box="[423,472,1623,1647]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">15.3</emphasis>
|
||
–18 µm, (2) smaller (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[710,792,1622,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
|
||
h) 6–
|
||
<emphasis box="[849,884,1623,1647]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">8.0</emphasis>
|
||
–9 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="67.[151,1437,1046,2007]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
Microxeas (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[331,417,1658,1683]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
Figs
|
||
<date box="[387,417,1658,1683]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1944-01">44</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
i–j), smooth, straight, fusiform, arranged in tightly developed trichodragmas, in two distinct size categories, (1) long (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[431,521,1694,1719]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
Figs
|
||
<date box="[487,521,1694,1719]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1944-01">44</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
i,
|
||
<date box="[534,552,1694,1719]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">i1</date>
|
||
) 198–
|
||
<emphasis box="[623,665,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">253</emphasis>
|
||
–301
|
||
<date box="[728,761,1694,1719]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">x 6</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis box="[776,825,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">10.4</emphasis>
|
||
–17 µm, (2) short (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1034,1124,1694,1719]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,481,1867]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 44. Biemna rhabdotylostylota sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c – j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c 1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e 1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f 1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i 1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j 1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Figs 44</figureCitation>
|
||
j,j1) 24–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1213,1262,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">30.4</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<date box="[1277,1344,1694,1719]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1936-10-06">36 x 6</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1359,1394,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">9.5</emphasis>
|
||
–12 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[199,1013,1766,1791]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="67.[151,1437,1046,2007]" box="[199,1013,1766,1791]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,498,1766,1791]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[505,592,1767,1791]" name="Guyana" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
Shelf, on sand bottom at
|
||
<quantity box="[879,936,1766,1791]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="64.0">64 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[199,966,1802,1827]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="67.[151,1437,1046,2007]" box="[199,966,1802,1827]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,334,1802,1827]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name reflects the shape of the smaller megascleres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="67.[151,1437,1046,2007]" lastBlockId="68.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,315,1838,1863]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species is assigned to the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[743,852,1838,1863]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Biemnida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Biemnida</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its combination of microxeas in dragmata and sigmas with roughened apices. The megascleres are unique among
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[907,990,1874,1899]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Central" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[997,1052,1875,1898]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
Atlantic
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1157,1242,1876,1899]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1157,1242,1876,1899]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Biemna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by being a diverse combination of tylostyles and rhabdotylostyles. The known
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[924,1007,1910,1935]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Central" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1013,1068,1911,1934]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
Atlantic species
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Pulitzer-Finali, 1986" authorityName="Pulitzer-Finali" authorityYear="1986" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="caribea">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1259,1435,1910,1935]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Biemna caribea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[151,393,1946,1971]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1986) A collection of West Indian Demospongiae (Porifera). In appendix, a list of the Demospongiae hitherto recorded from the West Indies. Annali del Museo civico di storia naturale Giacomo Doria, 86, 65 - 216." type="journal article" year="1986">Pulitzer-Finali, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Mothes, Hajdu, Lerner & Van Soest, 2004" authorityName="Mothes, Hajdu, Lerner & Van Soest" authorityYear="2004" box="[412,1212,1946,1971]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microacanthosigma">
|
||
<emphasis box="[412,674,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">B. microacanthosigma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mothes" box="[688,1212,1946,1971]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" refString="Mothes, B., Hajdu, E., Lerner, C. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (2004) New species of Ulosa and Biemna (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida) from the N-NE Brazilian continental shelf. Bolletino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici dell' Universit di Genova, 68, 477 - 482." type="journal article" year="2004">Mothes, Hajdu, Lerner & Van Soest, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="De Laubenfels, 1950" authorityName="De Laubenfels" authorityYear="1950" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microstyla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1232,1388,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">B. microstyla</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="De" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" refString="De Laubenfels, M. W. (1950) The Porifera of the Bermuda Archipelago. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 27, 1 - 154." type="journal article" year="1950">De Laubenfels, 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Mothes & Campos, 2004" authorityName="Mothes & Campos" authorityYear="2004" box="[412,860,1982,2007]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="trisigmata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[412,560,1983,2006]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">B. trisigmata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mothes" box="[569,860,1982,2007]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" refString="Mothes, B. & Campos, M. A. De (2004) Biemna trisigmata n. sp., a new sponge from the North coast of Brazil (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida). Zootaxa, 639, 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="2004">Mothes & Campos, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all have styles as megascleres, while
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Alcolado & Gotera, 1986" authorityName="Alcolado & Gotera" authorityYear="1986" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cribraria">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1300,1436,1982,2007]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">B. cribraria</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Alcolado" box="[158,447,151,176]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" refString="Alcolado, P. M. & Gotera, G. G. (1986) Nuevas adiciones a la fauna de poriferos de Cuba [New additions to the poriferan fauna of Cuba]. Poeyana, 331, 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1986">Alcolado & Gotera, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Mothes, Campos, Lerner, Carraro & Van Soest, 2005" authorityName="Mothes, Campos, Lerner, Carraro & Van Soest" authorityYear="2005" box="[509,1305,151,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinomicroxea">
|
||
<emphasis box="[509,705,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">B. spinomicroxea</emphasis>
|
||
Mothes, Campos, Lerner, Carraro & Van
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Soest" box="[1174,1305,151,176]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" refString="Campos, M., Mothes, B., Eckert, M. & van Soest, R. W. M. (2005) Haplosclerida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the coast of Maranhao State, Brazil, Southwestern Atlantic. Zootaxa, 963, 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="2005">Soest, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have oxeas or strongyles as megascleres. The megascleres are all in a single category, not differentiated in shape and size as in the new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="68.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
Rhabdose megascleres are found in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[609,760,260,285]" name="New Zealand" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
New
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[670,760,260,285]" country="Netherlands" name="Zeeland" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Zealand</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Bergquist, 1961" authorityName="Bergquist" authorityYear="1961" box="[768,1238,260,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rhabderemioides">
|
||
<emphasis box="[768,1051,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Biemna rhabderemioides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bergquist" box="[1058,1238,260,285]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" refString="Bergquist, P. R. (1961) A collection of Porifera from Northern New Zealand, with descriptions of seventeen new species. Pacific Science, 15 (1), 33 - 48." type="journal article" year="1961">Bergquist, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in Namibian
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Uriz, 1988" authorityName="Uriz" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,455,295,320]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rhabdostyla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,318,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">B. rhabdostyla</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Uriz" box="[329,455,295,320]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" refString="Uriz, M. J. (1988) Deep-water sponges from the continental shelf and slope off Namibia (Southwest Africa): Classses Hexactinellida and Demospongia. Monografias de Zoologia Marina, 3, 9 - 157." type="journal article" year="1988">Uriz, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In both species, the megascleres are styles, not tylostyles. The Namibian species is closest to the new species in having a diverse megasclere complement of longer styles (up to 1200 µm) and smaller rhabdostyles (up to 215 µm). Apart from lacking tylostyles it differs also in having three categories of sigmas, the largest of which are up to 112 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272995/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" targetBox="[151,1436,481,1867]" targetPageId="68">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="68.[151,1436,1888,2033]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,293,1888,1910]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">FIGURE 44.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[304,571,1888,1910]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rhabdotylostylota" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[304,571,1888,1910]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Biemna rhabdotylostylota</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[583,676,1888,1909]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[583,671,1888,1909]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9927 (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the skeleton showing the diversity of mega- and microscleres, c–j, SEM images of spicules, c, large tylostyle, c1, details of c, d, small tylostyle, e, large rhabdotylostyle, e1, details of e, f, small rhabdotylostyle, f1, details of f, g, large sigma, h, small sigma, i, long trichodragma, i1, detail of i showing individual long microxeas, j, short trichodragma, j1, detail of j showing individual short microxeas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="69.[151,1436,151,248]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
|
||
The above described morphological characters of the present new species make it an atypical
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1255,1340,153,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1255,1340,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Biemna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. A future revision of the genus may result in assignment to a separate, so far undescribed, genus along with
|
||
<emphasis box="[1412,1436,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[151,286,223,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Desmacellidae" genus="Biemna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rhabdostyla">rhabdostyla</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |