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<document id="C6CC0AA2A571104C13AD02A4D65D94E0" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4169.2.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4169.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d1fbe4b3-de10-4d72-a117-aa6bfedf210d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="262585" ID-ZooBank="B8B067BF-F6E6-4122-B884-AA385FF04421" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1474351831659" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Andrew Hamilton, K. G." docDate="2016" docId="03A5742DFFDCAE03FF76A8EDCC8BFA6B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4169.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4169 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Microclimax Hamilton, 2016, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="210" masterDocId="FF9C0C55FFD5AE0AFFE1A955CD70FFD1" masterDocTitle="Neotropical spittlebugs related to Neaenini (Hemiptera, Cercopidae) and the origins of subfamily Cercopinae" masterLastPageNumber="250" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="210" updateTime="1698386375821" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="947A80FBF0D431D5CCA3146BBF5AB191">Neotropical spittlebugs related to Neaenini (Hemiptera, Cercopidae) and the origins of subfamily Cercopinae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4F51BD714A3B3F5EF23FBD848CB789C2">Andrew Hamilton, K. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="1EF5426DEFA14847F34450814C41A9F2">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="AF6F7C702B96CE49C592499DB8DED624" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4169.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A5742DFFDCAE03FF76A8EDCC8BFA6B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5613286" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124552076" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5613286" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A5742DFFDCAE03FF76A8EDCC8BFA6B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A5742DFFDCAE03FF76A8EDCC8BFA6B" lastPageNumber="210" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<subSubSection id="C31696B0FFDCAE03FF76A8EDC820FDC5" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDCAE03FF76A8EDCCD7FE03" blockId="9.[151,423,440,466]" box="[151,423,440,466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<heading id="D0FB7257FFDCAE03FF76A8EDCCD7FE03" bold="true" box="[151,423,440,466]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDCAE03FF76A8EDCCD7FE03" bold="true" box="[151,423,440,466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDCAE03FF76A8EDCC42FE03" box="[151,306,440,466]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Microclimax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDCAE03FF76A8EDCC42FE03" bold="true" box="[151,306,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Microclimax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24BA452FFDCAE03FED8A8EDCCD7FE03" box="[313,423,440,466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDCAE03FF76A8ABC820FDC5" blockId="9.[151,1360,510,533]" box="[151,1360,510,533]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDCAE03FEC9AB55C94FFDC5" authority="Valdes Ragues (1910) sensu Metcalf &amp; Bruner (1944)" authorityName="Valdes Ragues (1910) sensu Metcalf &amp; Bruner" authorityYear="1944" box="[296,1087,510,533]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Tomaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteosignatus">
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDCAE03FEC9AB55CF64FDC5" box="[296,532,510,533]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Tomaspis luteosignatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9DB8CAFFDCAE03FDFBA8ABCF88FDC5" box="[538,760,510,532]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" refString="Valdes Ragues, P. (1910) Classificacion gundlach de Hemipteros Cubanos, conforme a los ejemplares que existen en el museum de Instituto de 2 nd Ensenanza de la Habana. Anales de la Academia de Ciencias Medicas, Fisicas y Naturales de la Habana, 46, 425 - 446." type="journal article">Valdés Ragués (1910)</bibRefCitation>
sensu
<bibRefCitation id="EF9DB8CAFFDCAE03FCDCA8ABC94FFDC5" author="Metcalf" box="[829,1087,510,532]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" refString="Metcalf, Z. P. &amp; Bruner, S. C. (1944) Notes and descriptions of the Cercopidae of Cuba. Psyche 32, 95 - 105. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1155 / 1925 / 36181" type="journal article" year="1944">Metcalf &amp; Bruner (1944)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, the only included species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31696B0FFDCAE03FF76AB14C916FD8B" box="[151,1126,577,602]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDCAE03FF76AB14C916FD8B" blockId="9.[151,1437,577,1466]" box="[151,1126,577,602]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDCAE03FF76AB14CC6EFD8B" bold="true" box="[151,286,577,602]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Etymology.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDCAE03FEC5AB17CC1DFD88" box="[292,365,578,601]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">micro-</emphasis>
small,
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDCAE03FE21AB14CF7BFD8B" box="[448,523,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">klimax</emphasis>
(f), ladder, referring to the veins of the costal margin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31696B0FFDCAE03FF26AB30CCDAFDAF" box="[199,426,613,638]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDCAE03FF26AB30CCDAFDAF" blockId="9.[151,1437,577,1466]" box="[199,426,613,638]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDCAE03FF26AB30CC10FDAF" bold="true" box="[199,352,613,638]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F31B85ABFFDCAE03FE86AB30CCD6FDAF" box="[359,422,613,638]" name="Cuba" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Cuba</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31696B0FFDCAE03FF26ABDCC87FFD17" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDCAE03FF26ABDCC87FFD17" blockId="9.[151,1437,577,1466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDCAE03FF26ABDCCC31FD73" bold="true" box="[199,321,649,674]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Tegmina each with 2 large anteapical cells, without small, round central anteapical cell, costal margin with ladder of 5–6 perpendicular crossveins, apical cells large, separated by unbranched veins.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31696B0FFDCAE03FF26AB84CE72FAD7" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDCAE03FF26AB84CE72FAD7" blockId="9.[151,1437,577,1466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDCAE03FF26AB84CC21FD3B" bold="true" box="[199,337,721,746]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Description</emphasis>
. Head distinctly narrower than pronotum; crown weakly impressed transversely, with tip upturned, bearing grooves from angles of tylus to ocelli; anterior margin of crown not carinate; antenna with postpedicel bearing numerous large pits and a beaklike basiconic sensillum (
<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDCAE03FC0AAA4CC94DFCE3" box="[1003,1085,793,818]" captionStart="FIGURES 24" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,267,1691]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[151,1436,267,1692]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 24. Antennal characters of Microsarganini: A, Microsargane vittata, antenna in situ, scale line 200 µm; B, same, detail of pedicel and postpedicel, scale line 100 µm; C, Microlaqueus isolatus, antenna in situ; D, same, detail of pedicel and postpedicel, scale line 100 µm; E, same, closeup of antennal pits; F, Microclimax luteosignatus, detail of postpedicel, scale line 50 µm; G, same, closeup of antennal pits; H, Microrhaphe martialis, detail of pedicel and postpedicel, scale line 100 µm; J, Liparonotum praenitidum; antenna in situ; K, same, detail of pedicel and postpedicel, scale line 50 µm; L, same, details of sensilla, larger scale than others; M, Microtholia karykroua, antenna in situ, scale line 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262594/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
F); eye round, as wide as lateral margins of pronotum. Tegmen with 5 perpendicular crossveins connecting outer anteapical cell to costa. Costal margin of hind wing with triangular lobe as in
<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDCAE03FD26AA37CE28FCA8" box="[711,856,866,889]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Liparonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="246" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDCAE03FD26AA37CE28FCA8" box="[711,856,866,889]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Liparonotum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but its 3 stout hooks are recumbent and equally spaced. Hind tibiae each with double pecten of 9 black-tipped spines, hind tarsal pectens with 9 black-tipped spines on basomere, 11 close-set spines in 2nd tarsomere. Male pygofer dorsoventrally compressed and armed with a spine on posterior margin as in
<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDCAE03FE12AA9BCFE0FC34" box="[499,656,974,997]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Microsargane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDCAE03FE12AA9BCFE0FC34" box="[499,656,974,997]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Microsargane</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDCAE03FD7FAA98CF80FC37" box="[670,752,973,998]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 54" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1868,1890]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,197,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[167,1452,193,1848]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 54. Male genitalia of nominate genus of Neaenini (46 – 49) and nominate subgenus of Microsarganini (50 – 54): 46, Neaenus natrix; 47, N. hystricosus; 48, N. (Neaniskus) gilli; 49, Helioptera gilvum; 50, Microsargane vittata; 51, M. apicata; 52, M. ornatipennis; 53, M. mutans; 54, M. cristata. A, lateral aspect of genital capsule and style; B, same, of theca; C, same in caudal aspect (with detail in Microsargane showing tips of processes in widest aspect); D, ventral aspect of subgenital plates, smaller scale; E, style, dorsal aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262597/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
A–B), but longer, extending nearly to tips of subgenital plates (
<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDCAE03FF7EAAA4CD87FBDB" box="[159,247,1009,1034]" captionStart="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[199,1382,198,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[187,1392,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 55 – 60. Male genitalia of Microsargane new subgenera Microrhaphe (55) and Microtholia (56 – 58) compared to Microclimax gen. nov. (59): A, genital capsule, lateral aspect; B, same, theca and phallobase; C, theca, caudal aspect; D, fused subgenital plates; E, pygofer process, dorsal aspect; F, style tip, dorsal aspect). 55, M. martialis; 56, M. sobria sp. nov.; 57, M. karykroua sp. nov.; 58, M. habrotes sp. nov. (genital capsule as in M. karykroua); 59, M. ios (genital capsule, style and theca as in M. habrotes); 60, Microclimax luteosignata (Valdés Ragués) showing entire genital capsule (D) in ventral aspect at smaller scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262598/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
A); anal tube weakly sclerotized, surrounded by rounded lobes on the dorsal margin of the pygofer; subgenital plate elongate, tapered to blunt tip (
<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDCAE03FD51AD40CE75FBFF" box="[688,773,1045,1070]" captionStart="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[199,1382,198,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[187,1392,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 55 – 60. Male genitalia of Microsargane new subgenera Microrhaphe (55) and Microtholia (56 – 58) compared to Microclimax gen. nov. (59): A, genital capsule, lateral aspect; B, same, theca and phallobase; C, theca, caudal aspect; D, fused subgenital plates; E, pygofer process, dorsal aspect; F, style tip, dorsal aspect). 55, M. martialis; 56, M. sobria sp. nov.; 57, M. karykroua sp. nov.; 58, M. habrotes sp. nov. (genital capsule as in M. karykroua); 59, M. ios (genital capsule, style and theca as in M. habrotes); 60, Microclimax luteosignata (Valdés Ragués) showing entire genital capsule (D) in ventral aspect at smaller scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262598/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
D); phallobase short (
<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDCAE03FC1DAD40C920FBFF" box="[1020,1104,1045,1070]" captionStart="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[199,1382,198,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[187,1392,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 55 – 60. Male genitalia of Microsargane new subgenera Microrhaphe (55) and Microtholia (56 – 58) compared to Microclimax gen. nov. (59): A, genital capsule, lateral aspect; B, same, theca and phallobase; C, theca, caudal aspect; D, fused subgenital plates; E, pygofer process, dorsal aspect; F, style tip, dorsal aspect). 55, M. martialis; 56, M. sobria sp. nov.; 57, M. karykroua sp. nov.; 58, M. habrotes sp. nov. (genital capsule as in M. karykroua); 59, M. ios (genital capsule, style and theca as in M. habrotes); 60, Microclimax luteosignata (Valdés Ragués) showing entire genital capsule (D) in ventral aspect at smaller scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262598/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
B) and very broad, almost as wide as subgenital plates and tapered caudad; style broad, apical half bearing very long setae and deeply notched just before robust apical spine directed dorsad (
<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDCAE03FD52AD08CE77FBA7" box="[691,775,1117,1142]" captionStart="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[199,1382,198,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[187,1392,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 55 – 60. Male genitalia of Microsargane new subgenera Microrhaphe (55) and Microtholia (56 – 58) compared to Microclimax gen. nov. (59): A, genital capsule, lateral aspect; B, same, theca and phallobase; C, theca, caudal aspect; D, fused subgenital plates; E, pygofer process, dorsal aspect; F, style tip, dorsal aspect). 55, M. martialis; 56, M. sobria sp. nov.; 57, M. karykroua sp. nov.; 58, M. habrotes sp. nov. (genital capsule as in M. karykroua); 59, M. ios (genital capsule, style and theca as in M. habrotes); 60, Microclimax luteosignata (Valdés Ragués) showing entire genital capsule (D) in ventral aspect at smaller scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262598/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
A), in dorsal aspect with 2 short teeth on upper edge (
<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDCAE03FA8EAD08CDC6FB4B" captionStart="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[199,1382,198,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[187,1392,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 55 – 60. Male genitalia of Microsargane new subgenera Microrhaphe (55) and Microtholia (56 – 58) compared to Microclimax gen. nov. (59): A, genital capsule, lateral aspect; B, same, theca and phallobase; C, theca, caudal aspect; D, fused subgenital plates; E, pygofer process, dorsal aspect; F, style tip, dorsal aspect). 55, M. martialis; 56, M. sobria sp. nov.; 57, M. karykroua sp. nov.; 58, M. habrotes sp. nov. (genital capsule as in M. karykroua); 59, M. ios (genital capsule, style and theca as in M. habrotes); 60, Microclimax luteosignata (Valdés Ragués) showing entire genital capsule (D) in ventral aspect at smaller scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262598/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
G); theca tubular, weakly laterally compressed, bearing some 90 spinelike setae in tufts flanking gonopore (
<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDCAE03FA8EADD4CDC5FB6F" captionStart="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[199,1382,198,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[187,1392,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 55 – 60. Male genitalia of Microsargane new subgenera Microrhaphe (55) and Microtholia (56 – 58) compared to Microclimax gen. nov. (59): A, genital capsule, lateral aspect; B, same, theca and phallobase; C, theca, caudal aspect; D, fused subgenital plates; E, pygofer process, dorsal aspect; F, style tip, dorsal aspect). 55, M. martialis; 56, M. sobria sp. nov.; 57, M. karykroua sp. nov.; 58, M. habrotes sp. nov. (genital capsule as in M. karykroua); 59, M. ios (genital capsule, style and theca as in M. habrotes); 60, Microclimax luteosignata (Valdés Ragués) showing entire genital capsule (D) in ventral aspect at smaller scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262598/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
B–C), the latter slitlike, extending half length of shaft on anterior surface. Ovipositor base preceded by broad, rectangular plate arched over 1st valvifers, itself preceded by bulbous, strongly sclerotized body near sternum, open on posterior face and along midline of upper side.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31696B0FFDCAE03FF26AC44CC8BFA6B" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDCAE03FF26AC44CDAAFA47" blockId="9.[151,1437,577,1466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDCAE03FF26AC44CC4BFAFB" bold="true" box="[199,315,1297,1322]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Remarks.</emphasis>
Similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDCAE03FE58AC47CF3AFAF8" box="[441,586,1298,1321]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Liparonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="246" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDCAE03FE58AC47CF3AFAF8" box="[441,586,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Liparonotum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the length of the lateral margins of the pronotum, the shape of the costal lobe on the hind wing and the spiny theca, but the antennal basiconic sensillum is broad rather than spinelike, the lora are narrower, the tegminal venation is quite different and the male pygofer bears a very prominent lateral spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDCAE03FF26ACF4CC8BFA6B" blockId="9.[151,1437,577,1466]" box="[199,507,1441,1466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Only one species is known.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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