174 lines
18 KiB
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174 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416" ID-PMC="PMC3577090" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-245-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E" ID-PubMed="23431087" ID-Zenodo-Dep="578462" ModsDocID="1313-2970-245-1" checkinTime="1425642919252" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bousquet, Yves" docDate="2012" docId="28987D1C9B50772548967717C9FECCEB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 245: 1-1722" docOrigin="ZooKeys 245" docPubDate="2012-11-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416" docTitle="Pseudomorpha Kirby 1823" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" id="FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E" lastPageNumber="844" masterDocId="FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E" masterDocTitle="Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="1722" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="844" updateTime="1668154792637" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="D21A4EAF2D2824F439CBDD4F801789D7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="95B47B24CE7579C31173A0626601DFE4">
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<mods:title id="CC1B6ABA26375D3DDF49025988FB7A7B">Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EFD2C0D2B82DD5EA8DCC4B779795296D">Bousquet, Yves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9C6E5BF9ECDA9CA10ED20E88175541A3">Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="87A6D1DBE559D908548FF3A92AA6AD1F" type="email">bousquety1@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="D73AE38E4D2B50C26D4EAB463851D368">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C8B5DEF507FF40D40BB49C75705D60D7">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3AEE231F52A25564DCDE4BD9E46FA865">2012-11-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="34E448C0D5D71CB611119F0AB6F78F2A">245</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3F74CBD8433516A45DECCF6F94CF2CBB">1</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="3823F3328AB35D6D199FCAD7634A0900">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="E5F424BD6F4D11CCDBB2D0FBC3520FCB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6E24BB46A2C7909F4FFCE74EB2D8EF0F" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="28987D1C9B50772548967717C9FECCEB" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127867884" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:28987D1C9B50772548967717C9FECCEB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/28987D1C9B50772548967717C9FECCEB" lastPageNumber="844" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">
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<subSubSection id="CC371AB18119F7E9A93687230269E016" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CBCCAE0806CB8F33C37CCBBBD6E0B41B" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="A8D7BE10068819364F4E6B5403BF8AA2" ID-CoL="8KYM6" ID-ENA="60776" LSID="28987D1C-9B50-7725-4896-7717C9FECCEB" authority="Kirby, 1823" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pseudomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudomorpha" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudomorpha Kirby, 1823</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D758E783CF37EE607F7E18AB247BEBD2" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="2E557E30829AE544C8DBF996E9819C00" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">
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<taxonomicName id="0A10EAF36BC13C4151DFF01808764F7A" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pseudomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudomorpha</taxonomicName>
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Kirby, 1823a: 98. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="479E8EC85FCD30EE1A599C379CEB12CB" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pseudomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excrucians">
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<emphasis id="0FC500E976502533D19513A77FAE2249" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Pseudomorpha excrucians</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Kirby, 1823 by monotypy. Etymology. From the Greek
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<emphasis id="D6FDFB3BB8B114199FFF6DDE7A495F04" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">pseudos</emphasis>
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(fallacy, lie) and
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<emphasis id="98F1038CA96353FB1AC2B07792850A6C" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">morphe</emphasis>
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(form), probably alluding to the fact that the shape of the adult is completely different from that of other
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<taxonomicName id="CA052EDE408EBFAF5D33A034C8371C3A" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Carabidae</taxonomicName>
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("though its exhibits the characters, has not the aspect, of that tribe [i.e., Carabi]") [feminine]. Note. Kirby (1823a) originally used two different names for this taxon,
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<taxonomicName id="295E133848843B6A650D6C23F7737AF6" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pseudomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B0DEC7827EA50B372BD0B7494DF76B6D" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Pseudomorpha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(in the description on page 98) and
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<taxonomicName id="7902454BD35AD85CFEF05B2C6CD61841" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Heteromorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Apiales" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3C31125BE97FD2C010D502C09DF2FDDE" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Heteromorpha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(in the explanation of the figures on page 109). Both names are considered different original spellings of the same name. Kirby reissued the paper later the same year in another journal, without the plate, and so only
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<taxonomicName id="31D40FD936755261034344CC6048A8AF" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pseudomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DC7D69ED8ECE3F273BF3A331D015771" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Pseudomorpha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was used. As such, Kirby (1823b) is the "First Reviser" and
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<taxonomicName id="04A580B67B7EEFAD26BC80E97E4FD789" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pseudomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="1FA82DC758E1A81B225DC9CD00494B35" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Pseudomorpha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the correct original spelling (ICZN 1999: Article 24.2.4).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E2284415E1E7941365E999135428FB62" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">
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<taxonomicName id="17B0C057AA24CFA0E466CBB25002767F" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Axinophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Axinophorus</taxonomicName>
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Dejean [in Dejean and Boisduval], 1829: 60. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="E7A4A08E4B05E5FA3F751FEECA644AF5" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Axinophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lecontei">
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<emphasis id="1209190DF149499D8DD1AD5CE7C03A40" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Axinophorus lecontei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Dejean, 1829 (=
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<taxonomicName id="B52B977BB4B85F5BD5D30CCAA62205E6" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pseudomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excrucians">
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<emphasis id="2EA3A9B45AF61BA206CC9D4068632716" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Pseudomorpha excrucians</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Kirby, 1823) designated by Notman (1925: 30). Etymology (original). From the Greek
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<emphasis id="6911597F05F7523B972CF9F86DDD3438" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">axine</emphasis>
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(ax) and
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<emphasis id="A7F79BB7F3FF6C1BFC7A4C0D60B33352" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">phero</emphasis>
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(to carry), alluding to the markedly securiform last labial palpomere ("
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<emphasis id="655FAEEA0497CB95997513B578AB0324" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">dernier article</emphasis>
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...
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<emphasis id="105696A8601AAE74DE8E9DCD07DC2E4D" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">
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des labiaux
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<normalizedToken id="A43EEA6599407F3D90C9AFBA40F1B491" originalValue="très">tres</normalizedToken>
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fortement
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<normalizedToken id="1689CAB522554F64EB253797246E42FD" originalValue="sécuriforme">securiforme</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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") of the adult [masculine].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E6BDB8D63925D6A44E3DBDE62312C3B4" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">
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<taxonomicName id="704662152C41C903D83C2E90309B6696" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Drepanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Drepanus</taxonomicName>
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Dejean, 1831: 434. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="350F85E5873CCA96865A0CE3BA7484C5" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Axinophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lecontei">
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<emphasis id="2FB8B18CF86364AC9E4DF87906180362" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Axinophorus lecontei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Dejean, 1829 (=
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<taxonomicName id="4A5F2B151A27745843D17368401F3A16" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pseudomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excrucians">
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<emphasis id="1F77B47B5A8FEE9DE5FFA30A136619A6" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Pseudomorpha excrucians</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Kirby, 1823) designated by Hope (1838: 109). Etymology. Uncertain, possibly from the Greek
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<emphasis id="54F79BA62C17AB48A2F09F0965069E5F" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">drepane</emphasis>
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(sickle, scimitar), or from Drepanum, the old name of the city of Trapani, in Sicily, or from Drepanus the surname of Saturne [masculine]. Note. This name was first used, but not made available, by Illiger (1807: 344).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EFEFF8E6F756974A0DC5EC5056A1C8BA" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" type="diversity">
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<paragraph id="E14F59CCAEF0F35C1CE505D5C4119758" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Diversity.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7AA5D1364A59060F07859354FBC391C6" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">
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Thirty species in temperate, subtropical, and tropical areas of the Western Hemisphere (30 species) and southern Australia (three species) arrayed in two subgenera:
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<taxonomicName id="EA40A1185A2DD815173DFB18D4F035B1" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pseudomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="51FB663E9D90F04762FE57C5673549DB" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Pseudomorpha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(27 species) and
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<taxonomicName id="7C84BA94AE89FB06546C7B091F74146C" authorityName="Baehr" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Austropseudomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="1C240F6C2089F2DE362CC92DAA23DD5F" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Austropseudomorpha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Baehr (three Australian species). The North American fauna has 19 known species (57.5% of the world fauna).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B1F2C925A7D00EDEB9E91254BEEA3C41" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" type="taxonomic note">
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<paragraph id="A6EE6CA969534F934121EAAC73233A03" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Taxonomic Note.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CADECB8BD89ED8440433675A9A23DF9A" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">
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According to Baehr (1994: Fig. 1),
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<taxonomicName id="A80997BB00FF5F73E5CD7D169B157322" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pseudomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="1FE4CE742538CE9906F70F61B86404DF" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Pseudomorpha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the sister-group to a clade including
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<taxonomicName id="5D9B372CC1FBC93083C5BFEAB0B07E2C" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Adelotopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E075F295EA68738D30D64198F2991292" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Adelotopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Hope,
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<taxonomicName id="6A1E4ABBE16E1F759B3C2185FC707EB1" authorityName="Notman" authorityYear="1925" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cainogenion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4795F7C90A77E9459A800E80BFF2403F" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Cainogenion</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Notman,
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<taxonomicName id="24E43E7574773817887222A134262374" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paussotropus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C7DAABACF45E36158ED4DB25AFA7CB8B" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Paussotropus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Waterhouse, and
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<taxonomicName id="CC703708D399CE396A17FDA943A29238" authorityName="Ritsema" authorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cryptocephalomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C8C9B4C251A7E43B4DE2CE02CF89E12F" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Cryptocephalomorpha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Ritsema.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="3DDE8DF709732BA2F9DE1761EF3FE708" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30944" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" start="Figure 43" startId="F43">
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<paragraph id="A498789FFDB863A273BB840A12042616" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">
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<emphasis id="EB813354A840A1FBF90856226D7F0810" bold="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Figure 43.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="5591F50733D01626C6663412D622E31A" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pseudomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9E54F173AD27FED3F3581A77785E5996" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Pseudomorpha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. Members of
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<taxonomicName id="0C007AC1218EBBF0138059E572FE483A" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pseudomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="843" pageNumber="844" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7F797CF6595D3B052210631284B5B5AE" italics="true" pageId="843" pageNumber="844">Pseudomorpha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are among the most unusual North American carabids. The body shape of the adults is very characteristic. In addition, contrary to other Nearctic carabids that lay eggs, they are ovoviviparous. The females carry hatched larvae in their bursa copulatrix, vagina, and lateral oviducts. Such behavior probably greatly reduces egg mortality.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
|
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</treatment>
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</document> |