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<document id="3CCF450CB3363612C5DC7FB207337988" ID-CLB-Dataset="9433" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4890.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45c0ee45-1e94-4880-baf2-408ea8e51b9b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4306230" ID-ZooBank="1FD6877B-BCE2-4AAA-AEAE-04E5488463CC" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1607098682641" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chatterjee, Tapas, Dovgal, Igor, Vieira, Leandro M., Dutta, Arpita &amp; Nanajkar, Mandar" docDate="2020" docId="039A87B9FFB3757EFF2813C8FF76FD1F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4890.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4890 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Triticella pedicellata" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="351" masterDocId="FFA3FFC1FFB1757AFFBF1521FFACFFED" masterDocTitle="Report of ciliate-bryozoan-crustacean hyperepibiosis on crab (Decapoda Brachyura) from west coast of India, Arabian Sea" masterLastPageNumber="360" masterPageNumber="347" pageNumber="349" updateTime="1698847115122" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="517F09ECADDAB88503C03FF38713DA69">Report of ciliate-bryozoan-crustacean hyperepibiosis on crab (Decapoda Brachyura) from west coast of India, Arabian Sea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7F9CB8D7DA5ED45882ED688BEAA21DE4">Chatterjee, Tapas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="05B917728697866EADFD321141035B94">Crescent International School, Bario, Govindpur, Dhanbad 828109, Jharkhand, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5A09A6CC982E90E7EBFF3F59F2B9A404">Dovgal, Igor</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="903C521E88D651B97E47C406EFC9A70C">A. O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, Nakhimov ave., Sevastopol, 299011, Russia. dovgal- 1954 @ mail. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3876 - 233 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="41990ABD2FB93AFB7678F9A4B88590F6">Vieira, Leandro M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2818E645EC8CA48C73080E9729FC9551">Departmento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670 - 901 Recife, PE, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="63E65F98D3F035A434AC9B19DDB59EFC">Dutta, Arpita</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F1DCD8E3CA9CF743F3262EBA3E2B4A0D">CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9D73ECC29ED6A6D73BB8FA2FCFBE5F28">Nanajkar, Mandar</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5AF2BEF3B3CCFFEF6B899F6BF1AA64FC">CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="5D09A23B5A5EC1A769F0081BDEA4E409">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039A87B9FFB3757EFF2813C8FF76FD1F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4328007" ID-GBIF-Taxon="170676595" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4328007" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039A87B9FFB3757EFF2813C8FF76FD1F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039A87B9FFB3757EFF2813C8FF76FD1F" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="351" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
<subSubSection id="C3296524FFB37578FF2813C8FD94F8EE" box="[151,568,1769,1796]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8C36AFFFB37578FF2813C8FD94F8EE" blockId="2.[151,568,1769,1832]" box="[151,568,1769,1796]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
<heading id="D0C481C3FFB37578FF2813C8FD94F8EE" bold="true" box="[151,568,1769,1796]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB37578FF2813C8FD94F8EE" ID-CoL="7D6G2" authority="(Alder, 1857)" baseAuthorityName="Alder" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[151,568,1769,1796]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB37578FF2813C8FD94F8EE" bold="true" box="[151,568,1769,1796]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB37578FF2813C8FE22F8E9" bold="true" box="[151,398,1769,1796]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">Triticella pedicellata</emphasis>
(Alder, 1857)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3296524FFB37578FF28122CFEBEF8C5" box="[151,274,1805,1832]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8C36AFFFB37578FF28122CFEBEF8C5" blockId="2.[151,568,1769,1832]" box="[151,274,1805,1832]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
(
<figureCitation id="13082A2AFFB37578FF20122CFEA6F8C5" box="[159,266,1805,1832]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1889,1913]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1748,1772]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,417,1862]" captionTargetBox-1="[157,1430,387,1717]" captionTargetId-0="figure-119@3.[151,1436,417,1865]" captionTargetId-1="figure-97@5.[151,1436,381,1725]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. A–F, Bryozoan Triticella pedicellata (Alder, 1857): A, B. Epibiont colony attached on crab Atergatis sp. (Crustacea: Brachyura); C. Group of erect zooids; D. Three zooids, two with long tubular pedicel and one with distal zooidal dilatation (at center) with broken stalk; E. Close-up of the distal zooidal dilatation; F. Close-up of the distal zooidal dilatation with extended polypide." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. A. Scar and septate condition in stalk of Triticella pedicellata old zooids; B. Origin of stalk of Triticella pedicellata; C. Epibiont Paracineta saifulae on stalk of Triticella pedicellata; D. Ciliate epibiont on Bryozoan zooidal dilatation—1. Paracineta saifulae; 2. Cothurnia ceramicola; E. Many ciliate Cothurnia ceramicola on stalk of Triticella pedicellata." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4306234" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4306236" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4306234/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4306236/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3296524FFB37578FF281273FCBCF864" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8C36AFFFB37578FF281273FD03F887" blockId="2.[151,784,1874,1929]" box="[151,687,1874,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB231181FFB37578FF281273FD03F887" box="[151,687,1874,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
<treatmentCitation id="0A9210BEFFB37578FF281273FD99F887" author="Menon, N. R." box="[151,565,1874,1898]" page="622" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" year="1972">
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB37578FF281273FD99F887" ID-CoL="7D6G2" authority=": Menon, 1972: 622" authorityName="Menon" authorityPageNumber="622" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,565,1874,1898]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB37578FF281273FEC7F887" box="[151,363,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">Triticella pedicellata</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B5EFFB37578FEC71273FD99F887" author="Menon, N. R." box="[376,565,1874,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" pagination="599 - 629" refId="ref8662" refString="Menon, N. R. (1972) Species of the sub-order Ctenostomata Busk (Bryozoa) from Indian waters. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie, 57 (4), 599 - 629. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 19720570410" type="journal article" year="1972">Menon, 1972: 622</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 45–49.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8C36AFFFB37578FF281250FCBCF864" blockId="2.[151,784,1874,1929]" box="[151,784,1904,1929]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB231181FFB37578FF281250FCBCF864" box="[151,784,1904,1929]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
<treatmentCitation id="0A9210BEFFB37578FF281250FDE6F864" author="Hayward, P. J." box="[151,586,1904,1929]" page="120" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" year="1985">
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB37578FF281250FDE6F864" ID-CoL="7D6G2" authority=": Hayward, 1985: 120" authorityName="Hayward" authorityPageNumber="120" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,586,1904,1929]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB37578FF281250FEC7F864" box="[151,363,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">Triticella pedicellata</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B5EFFB37578FEC71250FDE6F864" author="Hayward, P. J." box="[376,586,1904,1929]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" pagination="1 - 169" refId="ref7670" refString="Hayward, P. J. (1985) Ctenostome Bryozoans. Keys and notes for the identification of the species. Linnean Society Synopsis of the British Fauna, New Series, 33, 1 - 169." type="journal article" year="1985">Hayward, 1985: 120</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 40. (cum syn.)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3296524FFB37579FF281297FEE2FE64" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8C36AFFFB37579FF281297FEE2FE64" blockId="2.[151,1436,1974,2037]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,150,393]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB37578FF281297FE8DF83D" bold="true" box="[151,289,1974,2000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">Description</emphasis>
: Colony encrusting on brachyuran crab
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB37578FD531296FCFEF83C" authorityName="De Haan" authorityYear="1833" box="[748,850,1975,2001]" class="Malacostraca" family="Xanthidae" genus="Atergatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB37578FD531296FCFEF83C" box="[748,850,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">Atergatis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<figureCitation id="13082A2AFFB37578FC351296FC74F83C" box="[906,984,1975,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-119@3.[151,1436,417,1865]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–F, Bryozoan Triticella pedicellata (Alder, 1857): A, B. Epibiont colony attached on crab Atergatis sp. (Crustacea: Brachyura); C. Group of erect zooids; D. Three zooids, two with long tubular pedicel and one with distal zooidal dilatation (at center) with broken stalk; E. Close-up of the distal zooidal dilatation; F. Close-up of the distal zooidal dilatation with extended polypide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4306234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4306234/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
A–B), with adherent convoluted stolons from which arises kenozooids with group, erect zooids (2C). Erect zooids with a long tubular pedicel, translucent cystid, strongly chitinized,
<quantity id="4CCB9B4AFFB27579FE7115B7FDF4FF5C" box="[462,600,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="mm" value="2.3" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="1.5">1.5–3.1 mm</quantity>
long,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE075068FFB27579FD1C15B6FD4EFF5C" box="[675,738,151,177]" degrees="0.022" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" precision="55" value="0.022">0.022</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE075068FFB27579FD5D15B6FC83FF5C" box="[738,815,151,177]" degrees="0.032" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" precision="55" value="-0.032">–0.032</geoCoordinate>
mm
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wide (
<figureCitation id="13082A2AFFB27579FC0A15B6FBBDFF5C" box="[949,1041,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-119@3.[151,1436,417,1865]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–F, Bryozoan Triticella pedicellata (Alder, 1857): A, B. Epibiont colony attached on crab Atergatis sp. (Crustacea: Brachyura); C. Group of erect zooids; D. Three zooids, two with long tubular pedicel and one with distal zooidal dilatation (at center) with broken stalk; E. Close-up of the distal zooidal dilatation; F. Close-up of the distal zooidal dilatation with extended polypide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4306234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4306234/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
), smooth. Distal zooidal dilatation elongate, almost fusiform, convex proximal, distally truncate, sometimes flattened frontally, about
<quantity id="4CCB9B4AFFB27579FB47159BFA31FF38" box="[1272,1437,186,213]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.68" valueMin="0.52">0.52–0.68 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="4CCB9B4AFFB27579FEBA15FEFE06FF14" box="[261,426,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="mm" value="0.18" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.16">0.16–0.20 mm</quantity>
wide (
<figureCitation id="13082A2AFFB27579FE4315FEFDE0FF14" box="[508,588,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-119@3.[151,1436,417,1865]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–F, Bryozoan Triticella pedicellata (Alder, 1857): A, B. Epibiont colony attached on crab Atergatis sp. (Crustacea: Brachyura); C. Group of erect zooids; D. Three zooids, two with long tubular pedicel and one with distal zooidal dilatation (at center) with broken stalk; E. Close-up of the distal zooidal dilatation; F. Close-up of the distal zooidal dilatation with extended polypide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4306234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4306234/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
E–F); old zooids with scars and some septae along pedicel, indicating sequential breakages and repairs on it (
<figureCitation id="13082A2AFFB27579FD8C1422FD21FEF0" box="[563,653,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1748,1772]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,387,1717]" captionTargetId="figure-97@5.[151,1436,381,1725]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. A. Scar and septate condition in stalk of Triticella pedicellata old zooids; B. Origin of stalk of Triticella pedicellata; C. Epibiont Paracineta saifulae on stalk of Triticella pedicellata; D. Ciliate epibiont on Bryozoan zooidal dilatation—1. Paracineta saifulae; 2. Cothurnia ceramicola; E. Many ciliate Cothurnia ceramicola on stalk of Triticella pedicellata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4306236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4306236/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). Zooids may be marked by a wrinkled area, with no septum, between pedicel and dilatation. Frenaculum absent. Orifice terminal, circular, with very short collar. Polypide with oval stomach; lophophore with about 11 tentacles, about
<quantity id="4CCB9B4AFFB27579FD54146BFCF2FE88" box="[747,862,330,357]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.350 mm</quantity>
long (
<figureCitation id="13082A2AFFB27579FC16146AFBADFE88" box="[937,1025,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-119@3.[151,1436,417,1865]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. A–F, Bryozoan Triticella pedicellata (Alder, 1857): A, B. Epibiont colony attached on crab Atergatis sp. (Crustacea: Brachyura); C. Group of erect zooids; D. Three zooids, two with long tubular pedicel and one with distal zooidal dilatation (at center) with broken stalk; E. Close-up of the distal zooidal dilatation; F. Close-up of the distal zooidal dilatation with extended polypide." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4306234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4306234/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
). Ovary located at proximal third in zooid dilatation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4C6627FFB27579FF281240FEF5F808" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4306234" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4306234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4306234/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" startId="3.[151,250,1889,1913]" targetBox="[151,1436,417,1862]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B8C36AFFFB27579FF281240FEF5F808" blockId="3.[151,1436,1889,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB27579FF281240FEBFF894" bold="true" box="[151,275,1889,1913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
A–F, Bryozoan
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB27579FE031240FC89F894" authority="(Alder, 1857)" baseAuthorityName="Alder" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[444,805,1889,1913]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB27579FE031240FD3DF894" box="[444,657,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Triticella pedicellata</emphasis>
(Alder, 1857)
</taxonomicName>
: A, B. Epibiont colony attached on crab
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB27579FB7C1240FAB3F895" authorityName="De Haan" authorityYear="1833" box="[1219,1311,1889,1912]" class="Malacostraca" family="Xanthidae" genus="Atergatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB27579FB7C1240FAB3F895" box="[1219,1311,1889,1912]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Atergatis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (Crustacea: Brachyura); C. Group of erect zooids; D. Three zooids, two with long tubular pedicel and one with distal zooidal dilatation (at center) with broken stalk; E. Close-up of the distal zooidal dilatation; F. Close-up of the distal zooidal dilatation with extended polypide.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3296524FFB5757EFF7815B6FF76FD1F" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8C36AFFFB5757EFF7815B6FF76FD1F" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFF7815B6FE98FF5C" bold="true" box="[199,308,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B5EFFB5757EFEFB15B6FE4BFF5C" author="Menon, N. R." box="[324,487,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" pagination="599 - 629" refId="ref8662" refString="Menon, N. R. (1972) Species of the sub-order Ctenostomata Busk (Bryozoa) from Indian waters. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie, 57 (4), 599 - 629. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 19720570410" type="journal article" year="1972">Menon (1972)</bibRefCitation>
reported two
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFD3515B6FD5DFF5C" authorityName="Dalyell" authorityYear="1848" box="[650,753,151,177]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFD3515B6FD5DFF5C" box="[650,753,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Triticella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Indian waters:
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFC5C15B6FA8AFF5C" authority="Sars, 1874" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1874" box="[995,1318,151,177]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="korenii">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFC5C15B6FB0DFF5C" box="[995,1185,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Triticella korenii</emphasis>
Sars, 1874
</taxonomicName>
, found inhabiting on appendages of spiner crab, and
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFD3E159AFC55FF38" authority="Alder, 1857" authorityName="Alder" authorityYear="1857" box="[641,1017,186,213]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFD3E159AFCC7FF38" box="[641,875,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Triticella pedicellata</emphasis>
Alder, 1857
</taxonomicName>
, collected on legs of swimming crab.
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFF2815FEFEFFFF14" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,339,223,249]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="korenii">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFF2815FEFEFFFF14" box="[151,339,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Triticella korenii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is regarded to be junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFD4A15FEFB53FF14" authority="Dalyell, 1848" authorityName="Dalyell" authorityYear="1848" box="[757,1279,222,249]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="flava">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFD4A15FEFC37FF14" box="[757,923,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Triticella flava</emphasis>
Dalyell, 1848 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B5EFFB5757EFBF415FEFB5BFF14" author="Hayward, P. J." box="[1099,1271,222,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" pagination="1 - 169" refId="ref7670" refString="Hayward, P. J. (1985) Ctenostome Bryozoans. Keys and notes for the identification of the species. Linnean Society Synopsis of the British Fauna, New Series, 33, 1 - 169." type="journal article" year="1985">Hayward 1985</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B5EFFB5757EFF281422FEFDFEF0" author="Hayward, P. J." box="[151,337,258,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" pagination="1 - 169" refId="ref7670" refString="Hayward, P. J. (1985) Ctenostome Bryozoans. Keys and notes for the identification of the species. Linnean Society Synopsis of the British Fauna, New Series, 33, 1 - 169." type="journal article" year="1985">Hayward (1985)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFEE21422FDAEFEF0" authorityName="Dalyell" authorityYear="1848" box="[349,514,259,285]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="flava">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFEE21422FDAEFEF0" box="[349,514,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Triticella flava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFD871422FD7CFEF0" authorityName="Alder" authorityYear="1857" box="[568,720,259,285]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFD871422FD7CFEF0" box="[568,720,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">T. pedicellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are distinct in presence of frenaculum (present only in
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFA861422FA20FEF0" authorityName="Dalyell" authorityYear="1848" box="[1337,1420,259,285]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="flava">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFA861422FA20FEF0" box="[1337,1420,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">T. flava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and number of tentacles (17–20 tentacles in
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFD311406FD4EFEAC" authorityName="Dalyell" authorityYear="1848" box="[654,738,295,321]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="flava">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFD311406FD4EFEAC" box="[654,738,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">T. flava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and about 12 tentacles in
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFBB31406FB09FEAC" authorityName="Alder" authorityYear="1857" box="[1036,1189,295,321]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFBB31406FB09FEAC" box="[1036,1189,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">T. pedicellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Specimens reported as
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFF09146AFEE3FE88" authorityName="Alder" authorityYear="1857" box="[182,335,331,357]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFF09146AFEE3FE88" box="[182,335,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">T. pedicellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B5EFFB5757EFEC4146AFDB1FE88" author="Menon, N. R." box="[379,541,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" pagination="599 - 629" refId="ref8662" refString="Menon, N. R. (1972) Species of the sub-order Ctenostomata Busk (Bryozoa) from Indian waters. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie, 57 (4), 599 - 629. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 19720570410" type="journal article" year="1972">Menon (1972)</bibRefCitation>
are similar to those here described and figured, but he reported slightly shorter pedicel (
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long).
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFE51144EFD74FE64" authorityName="Alder" authorityYear="1857" box="[494,728,367,393]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFE51144EFD74FE64" box="[494,728,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Triticella pedicellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was considered a badly described species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B5EFFB5757EFB7D144EFACFFE64" author="d'Hondt, J. L." box="[1218,1379,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref6350" refString="d'Hondt, J. L. (1983) Tabular keys for the identification of the recent Ctenostomatous Bryozoa. Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, 14, 1 - 134." type="journal article" year="1983">d’Hondt 1983</bibRefCitation>
), but despite absence of any morphological differences between Indian specimens and those described for Britain, we assigned species here described to
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFD9D1496FD17FE3C" authorityName="Alder" authorityYear="1857" box="[546,699,439,465]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFD9D1496FD17FE3C" box="[546,699,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">T. pedicellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFD751496FC19FE3C" authorityName="Alder" authorityYear="1857" box="[714,949,439,465]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFD751496FC19FE3C" box="[714,949,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Triticella pedicellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be part of a species complex due variations reported in that species; thus further molecular genetics studies is needed to solve it. Specimens here reported have dilatations along pedicels, some of those with distinct septum (and scars); they are mainly only in old zooids, indicating breakages and repair of the zooids. Therefore, these dilatations are distinct from those described for
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFF001766FD0EFD8C" authority="Gordon &amp; Wear, 1999" authorityName="Gordon &amp; Wear" authorityYear="1999" box="[191,674,583,609]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="capsularis">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFF001766FE0DFD8C" box="[191,417,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Triticella capsularis</emphasis>
Gordon &amp; Wear, 1999
</taxonomicName>
, from
<collectingCountry id="F324763FFFB5757EFD551766FC28FD8C" box="[746,900,583,609]" name="New Zealand" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFC301766FBDDFD8C" authorityName="Gordon &amp; Wear" authorityYear="1999" box="[911,1137,583,609]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="capsularis">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFC301766FBDDFD8C" box="[911,1137,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Triticella capsularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by having 9–17 tentacles, with longer (up to
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) and wider (
<quantity id="4CCB9B4AFFB5757EFCB6174AFC2CFD68" box="[777,896,619,645]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.299999999999999" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="mm" value="0.043">0.043 mm</quantity>
) pedicel when compared to
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFB78174AFACDFD68" authorityName="Alder" authorityYear="1857" box="[1223,1377,619,645]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFB78174AFACDFD68" box="[1223,1377,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">T. pedicellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The polypide of
<taxonomicName id="4C334D2CFFB5757EFE9F17AEFCB3FD44" authority="d'Hondt &amp; Hayward, 1981" authorityName="d'Hondt &amp; Hayward" authorityYear="1981" box="[288,799,655,681]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Triticellidae" genus="Triticella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B947EABDFFB5757EFE9F17AEFE49FD44" box="[288,485,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Triticella gracilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B5EFFB5757EFE5217AEFCB3FD44" author="d'Hondt, J. L. &amp; Hayward, P. J." box="[493,799,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" pagination="267 - 283" refId="ref6381" refString="d'Hondt, J. L. &amp; Hayward, P. J. (1981) Nouvelle srecoltes de Bryozoaires Ctenostomes bathyaux et abyssaux. Cahiers De Biologie Marine, 22, 267 - 283." type="journal article" year="1981">d’Hondt &amp; Hayward, 1981</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, described from deep waters of Atlantic Ocean, also has few tentacles (10–12 tentacles; acc.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B5EFFB5757EFD961792FD64FD20" author="d'Hondt, J. L." box="[553,712,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref6350" refString="d'Hondt, J. L. (1983) Tabular keys for the identification of the recent Ctenostomatous Bryozoa. Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, 14, 1 - 134." type="journal article" year="1983">d’Hondt 1983</bibRefCitation>
), but it is distinct in having shorter zooids (smaller than
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long).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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