576 lines
53 KiB
XML
576 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="631FDC986AB31ABF38ECC0809CEDF576" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4013.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="844ff18f-1d4f-4491-9a71-253ca683fe93" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="241424" ID-ZooBank="FE1C6E7B-1FFE-401B-928D-4900064068BE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461248638071" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Růžička, Jan, Qubaiová, Jarin, Nishikawa, Masaaki & Schneider, Jan" docDate="2015" docId="039787D7560EFF8D1BE1F9BC1704285A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04013p502.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4013 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Necrophila" docType="key" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="475" masterDocId="FFAEFFAF561BFF951B76FFD912572D17" masterDocTitle="Revision of Palearctic and Oriental Necrophila Kirby et Spence, part 3: subgenus Calosilpha Portevin (Coleoptera: Silphidae: Silphinae)" masterLastPageNumber="502" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="472" updateTime="1698607074340" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A4AE047472D825D57BA0451FC6090BD4">
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<mods:title id="8FEA259376D680AFF3489810289CC653">Revision of Palearctic and Oriental Necrophila Kirby et Spence, part 3: subgenus Calosilpha Portevin (Coleoptera: Silphidae: Silphinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="71D7E5F73A0869E8DCDA2C9AB8C3DFBF" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D363E7262F59D834C6E34DEA0C2B293D">Růžička, Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="344B25DD300B21744F03EE7FBB49AAD5">Qubaiová, Jarin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C92C8BE696440ABCD4F422CECB70924C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="BCFE0449F8FDC32691CC799CC158D5EF">Nishikawa, Masaaki</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="2525D982C68EA5CB37B3D437302F3F3E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A9C15A001EF101B2602A4E9D2A7A95ED">Schneider, Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B96AC7FD05102F64C71CE4F1DEECF809">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9E662226FB0850F4C320EFFEC22AAAB0">
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<mods:date id="C862C91E058AA3F5ADF23A0AE3A49561">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="BD2988CAE0B8DD8392C0F3E6F6CF2FEC" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1B10A602FBA4DD9EEDFEED9DB35DFDB0">4013</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="B8EF35C6A6A6C207F9006448B0AA90EE">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="60BC889B1E04519359D5B218662A9CDC" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4013.4.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8836CF030AB8F9698B305C0207BEEA40" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039787D7560EFF8D1BE1F9BC1704285A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5686447" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5686447" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039787D7560EFF8D1BE1F9BC1704285A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039787D7560EFF8D1BE1F9BC1704285A" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="475" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
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<subSubSection id="C324654A560EFF8D1BE1F9BC1704285A" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="475" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" type="key">
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<paragraph id="8B8136C1560EFF801BE1F9BC10422B68" blockId="21.[151,533,1636,1663]" box="[151,533,1636,1663]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
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<heading id="D0C981AD560EFF801BE1F9BC10422B68" bold="true" box="[151,533,1636,1663]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" reason="1">
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<keyLead id="30CF95F4560EFF801BE1F9BC10422B68" box="[151,533,1636,1663]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
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<key id="FFAF61F0560EFF801BE1F9BC10422B68" box="[151,533,1636,1663]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
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<keyStep id="30CA2E64560EFF801BE1F9BC10422B68" box="[151,533,1636,1663]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560EFF801BE1F9BC10422B68" bold="true" box="[151,533,1636,1663]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
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1)
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D42560EFF801BC0F9BD138C2B68" authority="(Calosilpha)" baseAuthorityName="Calosilpha" box="[182,475,1636,1663]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Necrophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560EFF801BC0F9BD136A2B69" bold="true" box="[182,317,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Necrophila</emphasis>
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||
(
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||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560EFF801A39F9BD13862B69" bold="true" box="[335,465,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Calosilpha</emphasis>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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spp.
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</emphasis>
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||
</keyStep>
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||
</key>
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||
</keyLead>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8136C1560EFF801BE1F977131E2A88" blockId="21.[151,1437,1710,1951]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
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The relative warps (RWs) of both male and female elytral apex of the four
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D42560EFF801F7BF97717752BD0" authority="(Calosilpha)" baseAuthorityName="Calosilpha" box="[1037,1314,1710,1735]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Necrophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560EFF801F7BF97716DD2BD1" box="[1037,1162,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Necrophila</emphasis>
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(
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||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560EFF801FE8F977174E2BD1" box="[1182,1305,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Calosilpha</emphasis>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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taxa were calculated and plotted on an axis system (not shown here). The first RW axis represented 72.58% of shape variability and the second axis was 11.51%, thus indicating a significantly high sexual dimorphism. Due to these results, male and female taxa were further tested independently. Among the male groups, the first RW axis accounted for 49.69% of the total shape difference between the taxa, whereas the second axis accounted for 29.85%. Meanwhile, 58.98% of variability between the females was explained by the first RW axis and 14.11% by the second axis.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF416649560DFF831BE1F9AB10F62BD2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241436/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" targetBox="[186,1408,210,1614]" targetPageId="22">
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<paragraph id="8B8136C1560DFF831BE1F9AB10F62BD2" blockId="22.[151,1435,1650,1733]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831BE1F9AB134C2B90" bold="true" box="[151,283,1650,1672]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">FIGURE 66</emphasis>
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. Thin-plate spline (TPS) transformation grids representing the shape variation of the elytral apex in females of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D42560DFF831BE1F94813C52BB0" authority="(Calosilpha)" baseAuthorityName="Calosilpha" box="[151,402,1681,1703]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Necrophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831BE1F948135F2BB0" box="[151,264,1681,1703]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Necrophila</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831A6CF94813DE2BB0" box="[282,393,1681,1703]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Calosilpha</emphasis>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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species along the first two relative warp axes. Grids marked as “ext.” belong to specimens from extreme positions on the relative warps scatter plot.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B8136C1560DFF831BB1F92B11152AF4" blockId="22.[151,1436,1778,2019]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
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||
The scatter plot of the two first RWs for male
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D42560DFF8319B1F92B11152A1D" box="[711,834,1778,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Calosilpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF8319B1F92B11152A1D" box="[711,834,1778,1802]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Calosilpha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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displayed a greater overlap between the groups of the various taxa than in the females. The thin-plate spline (TPS) transformation grids indicated shape changes of the elytral apex on the first two RW axes, and in males it appeared more rectangular in all groups than in females (apart from in
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D42560DFF831B88F88613E62A61" box="[254,433,1887,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ioptera" subGenus="Calosilpha">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831B88F88613462A61" box="[254,273,1887,1910]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">N</emphasis>
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||
. (
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831A59F886131F2A61" box="[303,328,1887,1910]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">C.</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831A16F88613E62A61" box="[352,433,1887,1910]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">ioptera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D42560DFF831AB8F88610E02A61" box="[462,695,1886,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnicollis" subGenus="Calosilpha">
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||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831AB8F88613B62A61" box="[462,481,1887,1910]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">N</emphasis>
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||
. (
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||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831A89F886104E2A61" box="[511,537,1887,1910]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">C.</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831946F88710E02A61" box="[560,695,1886,1910]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">brunnicollis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was slightly more truncate. In females, the shape of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D42560DFF831E3EF88613492A8D" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnicollis" subGenus="Calosilpha">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831E3EF886170C2A61" box="[1352,1371,1887,1910]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">N</emphasis>
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. (
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831E0FF88617C42A61" box="[1401,1427,1887,1910]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">C.</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831BE1F85B13492A8D" box="[151,286,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">brunnicollis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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elytral apex was more robust. In
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D42560DFF8319B4F85A11FB2A8D" box="[706,940,1923,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Oiceoptoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaniventris" subGenus="Calosilpha">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF8319B4F85A10822A8D" box="[706,725,1923,1946]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">N</emphasis>
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. (
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831985F85A115B2A8D" box="[755,780,1923,1946]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">C.</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831855F85A11FB2A8D" box="[803,940,1923,1946]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">cyaniventris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D42560DFF831899F85A16AF2A8D" box="[1007,1272,1922,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Eusilpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaneocephala" subGenus="Calosilpha">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831899F85A16552A8D" box="[1007,1026,1923,1946]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">N</emphasis>
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||
. (
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||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831F69F85A166E2A8D" box="[1055,1081,1923,1946]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831F26F85B16AF2A8D" box="[1104,1272,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">cyaneocephala</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, it was more prolonged and even pear-shaped (
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D42560DFF831961F87E11422AA9" box="[535,789,1958,1983]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Eusilpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaneocephala" subGenus="Calosilpha">
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||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831961F87E107D2AA9" box="[535,554,1959,1982]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831934F87E100B2AA9" box="[578,604,1959,1982]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF83191BF87F11422AA9" box="[621,789,1958,1982]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">cyaneocephala</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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||
).
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D42560DFF831858F87E11812AA9" box="[814,982,1959,1983]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ioptera" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF831858F87E11162AA9" box="[814,833,1959,1982]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF83182FF87E11242AA9" box="[857,883,1959,1982]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560DFF8318F3F87E11812AA9" box="[901,982,1959,1982]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">ioptera</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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appeared subrectangular, more rounded and with more prominent tip than in the males (
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<figureCitation id="13052A44560DFF8319DAF81311612AF4" box="[684,822,1994,2019]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 65" captionStart-1="FIGURE 66" captionStartId-0="21.[151,250,1422,1444]" captionStartId-1="22.[151,250,1650,1672]" captionTargetBox-0="[244,1345,207,1400]" captionTargetBox-1="[186,1408,210,1614]" captionTargetId-0="figure@21.[235,1352,193,1401]" captionTargetId-1="figure@22.[172,1416,196,1615]" captionTargetPageId-0="21" captionTargetPageId-1="22" captionText-0="FIGURE 65. Thin-plate spline (TPS) transformation grids representing the shape variation of the elytral apex in males of Necrophila (Calosilpha) species along the first two relative warp axes. Grids marked as “ ext. ” belong to specimens from extreme positions on the relative warps scatter plot." captionText-1="FIGURE 66. Thin-plate spline (TPS) transformation grids representing the shape variation of the elytral apex in females of Necrophila (Calosilpha) species along the first two relative warp axes. Grids marked as “ ext. ” belong to specimens from extreme positions on the relative warps scatter plot." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/241435/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/241436/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Figs. 65–66</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF416649560CFF821BE1F94612B02BCF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241437/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" targetBox="[152,1436,193,1673]" targetPageId="23">
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<paragraph id="8B8136C1560CFF821BE1F94612B02BCF" blockId="23.[151,1436,1695,1752]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560CFF821BE1F946134D2BA3" bold="true" box="[151,282,1695,1717]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">FIGURE 67</emphasis>
|
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. Canonical variate analysis (CVA) of male (above) and female (below) elytral apex of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D42560CFF821FD5F94617CB2BA2" authority="(Calosilpha)" baseAuthorityName="Calosilpha" box="[1187,1436,1695,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Necrophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560CFF821FD5F94617432BA2" box="[1187,1300,1695,1717]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Necrophila</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560CFF821E52F94617C42BA2" box="[1316,1427,1695,1717]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Calosilpha</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136C1560CFF821BB1F8DB17112A76" blockId="23.[151,1437,1794,2031]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
|
||
Shape variety of the elytra between the studied taxa was indicated, as MANOVA for male groups revealed significant shape differences (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560CFF821A86F8FE10562A29" box="[496,513,1831,1854]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">F</emphasis>
|
||
= 13.24; Wilk’s lambda = 0.1599; d.f. = 54/841;
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560CFF821F20F8FE16332A29" box="[1110,1124,1831,1854]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">p</emphasis>
|
||
<0.0001). Female groups demonstrated greater elytral shape variability (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560CFF8219E2F89310F22A76" box="[660,677,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">F</emphasis>
|
||
= 19.56; Wilk’s lambda = 0.1001; d.f. = 54/907;
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560CFF821FC9F893169A2A76" box="[1215,1229,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">p</emphasis>
|
||
<0.0001).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136C1560CFF821BB1F8B417DD2AF9" blockId="23.[151,1437,1794,2031]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
|
||
To obtain separation of the studied groups, two individual canonical variate analyses (CVA) were performed, for male and female elytron apex, on the first 18 axes of the RW scores matrix that covered 99.76% of the shape variation between the males and 99.79% between the females. In both cases, the canonical axes indicated some separation of the taxa—especially of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D42560CFF821AE5F80E10672AF9" box="[403,560,2006,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ioptera" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560CFF821AE5F80E13F22AF9" box="[403,421,2007,2030]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560CFF821ACDF80F13832AFA" box="[443,468,2006,2029]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD3560CFF821A95F80E10672AF9" box="[483,560,2007,2030]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">ioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in both sexes—but generally there was an overlap between the groups (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13052A44560CFF821E59F80C17292AF9" box="[1327,1406,2005,2030]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1695,1717]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,193,1673]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[144,1442,193,1673]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 67. Canonical variate analysis (CVA) of male (above) and female (below) elytral apex of Necrophila (Calosilpha) species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241437/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Fig. 67</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136C15603FF8D1BB1FF4E10B32CB0" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,740]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">
|
||
The jackknifed values of the confusion matrix (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6BC037A5603FF8D1993FF4E116B2DA7" box="[741,828,151,176]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="24.[151,239,779,802]" captionText="TABLE 2. Canonical variate analysis (CVA) confusion matrix results in both sexes of Necrophila (Calosilpha)." pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) indicated that most (134 from 171) specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1EF4FF4013052DC4" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnicollis" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1EF4FF4017C22DA7" box="[1410,1429,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BD6FF6212ED2DC5" box="[160,186,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BBDFF6213052DC4" box="[203,338,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">brunnicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were assigned correctly; 8 had mean closer to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D181EFF6516102DC4" box="[872,1095,187,211]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Oiceoptoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaniventris" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D181EFF65112C2DC4" box="[872,891,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D18E5FF6211FB2DC5" box="[915,940,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D18C8FF6516102DC4" box="[958,1095,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaniventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 27 to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1FE1FF6517C32DC4" box="[1175,1428,187,211]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Eusilpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaneocephala" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1FE1FF6516FD2DC4" box="[1175,1194,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1FB4FF62168B2DC5" box="[1218,1244,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F9AFF6217C32DC4" box="[1260,1428,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaneocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and only
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD485603FF8D1A7EFF0613C02DE0" box="[264,407,222,247]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1AB2FF0610252DE1" box="[452,626,223,247]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ioptera" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1AB2FF0613802DE1" box="[452,471,223,246]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1A84FF06105B2DE1" box="[498,524,223,246]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1957FF0610252DE1" box="[545,626,223,246]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">ioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The majority of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D18F0FF06163B2DE1" box="[902,1132,223,247]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Oiceoptoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaniventris" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D18F0FF0611CE2DE1" box="[902,921,223,246]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D18C2FF0611992DE1" box="[948,974,223,246]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1895FF06163B2DE1" box="[995,1132,223,246]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaniventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1FDAFF06170D2DE1" box="[1196,1370,223,247]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ioptera" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1FDAFF0616E82DE1" box="[1196,1215,223,246]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1FACFF0616A32DE1" box="[1242,1268,223,246]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1E7FFF06170D2DE1" box="[1289,1370,223,246]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">ioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were assigned correctly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1A19FEDB101A2C0E" box="[367,589,258,282]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Oiceoptoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaniventris" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1A19FEDB13D52C0E" box="[367,386,258,281]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1AECFEDB13E42C0E" box="[410,435,258,281]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1AB2FEDB101A2C0E" box="[452,589,258,281]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaniventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD485603FF8D19F3FEDB11582C0D" box="[645,783,257,282]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
closer in mean to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1896FEDB16EB2C0E" box="[992,1212,257,282]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnicollis" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1896FEDB11A42C0E" box="[992,1011,258,281]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F7DFEDB16732C0E" box="[1035,1060,258,281]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F43FED816EB2C0E" box="[1077,1212,257,281]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">brunnicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD485603FF8D1F82FEDB17282C0D" box="[1268,1407,257,282]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1BE1FEFC136C2C2B" box="[151,315,293,317]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ioptera" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BE1FEFC12FD2C2B" box="[151,170,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BB6FEFC128D2C2B" box="[192,218,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1B9CFEFC136C2C2B" box="[234,315,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">ioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of a total
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD485603FF8D1ADCFEFC10122C2A" box="[426,581,292,317]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="generic">39 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1939FEFC10A42C2B" box="[591,755,293,317]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ioptera" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1939FEFC10352C2B" box="[591,610,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D190EFEFC10C52C2B" box="[632,658,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D19D4FEFC10A42C2B" box="[674,755,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">ioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had only 2 taxa closer to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1F66FEFC16BB2C2B" box="[1040,1260,293,317]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Oiceoptoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaniventris" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F66FEFC16742C2B" box="[1040,1059,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F4FFEFC16042C2B" box="[1081,1107,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F15FEFC16BB2C2B" box="[1123,1260,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaniventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of a total of 37. Also,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD485603FF8D1BACFE9113402C48" box="[218,279,328,352]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="generic">
|
||
33
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1B88FE9013402C48" box="[254,279,328,352]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Eusilpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaneocephala" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1B88FE9013462C77" box="[254,273,329,352]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1A5EFE9113152C48" box="[296,322,328,351]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1A25FE9113AC2C77" box="[339,507,328,352]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaneocephala</emphasis>
|
||
were assigned correctly of 56 while 14 were closer to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1F13FE9017162C77" box="[1125,1345,328,352]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnicollis" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F13FE90162F2C77" box="[1125,1144,329,352]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1FF9FE9116FE2C48" box="[1167,1193,328,351]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1FCCFE9117162C77" box="[1210,1345,328,352]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">brunnicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 7 to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1EF4FE9013042C94" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Oiceoptoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaniventris" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1EF4FE9017C22C77" box="[1410,1429,329,352]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BD6FEB212ED2C95" box="[160,186,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BBCFEB513042C94" box="[202,339,364,387]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaniventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and 2 to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1AB4FEB5103D2C94" box="[450,618,363,387]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ioptera" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1AB4FEB513822C94" box="[450,469,364,387]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1A9AFEB210512C95" box="[492,518,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1960FEB5103D2C94" box="[534,618,364,387]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">ioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This indicated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D186DFEB511A12C94" box="[795,1014,363,387]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnicollis" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D186DFEB511792C94" box="[795,814,364,387]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1833FEB211082C95" box="[837,863,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1819FEB211A12C94" box="[879,1014,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">brunnicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1F5BFEB5177E2C94" box="[1069,1321,363,387]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Eusilpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaneocephala" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F5BFEB516172C94" box="[1069,1088,364,387]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F21FEB216262C95" box="[1111,1137,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1FF7FEB2177E2C94" box="[1153,1321,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaneocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are closer in their mean shape than are any of the other groups.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136C15603FF8D1BB1FE6813672FF4" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,740]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">
|
||
Females likewise showed an overlap between the groups.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1825FE6B16782CDE" box="[851,1071,433,458]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnicollis" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1825FE6B11312CDE" box="[851,870,434,457]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D180BFE6B11C02CDE" box="[893,919,434,457]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D18DEFE6816782CDE" box="[936,1071,433,457]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">brunnicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had a correct assignment in
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD485603FF8D1E04FE6B135B2CFA" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="generic">148 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of 196 while 26 taxa had a mean closer to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D199AFE0C119D2CFB" box="[748,970,469,493]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Oiceoptoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaniventris" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D199AFE0C10A82CFB" box="[748,767,469,492]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1860FE0C11672CFB" box="[790,816,469,492]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1837FE0C119D2CFB" box="[833,970,469,492]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaniventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 17 to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1F61FE0C17442CFA" box="[1047,1299,469,493]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Eusilpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaneocephala" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F61FE0C167D2CFB" box="[1047,1066,469,492]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F37FE0C160C2CFB" box="[1089,1115,469,492]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F1DFE0C17442CFA" box="[1131,1299,469,493]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaneocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and 5 to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1EF4FE0C134A2F18" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ioptera" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1EF4FE0C17C22CFB" box="[1410,1429,469,492]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BD6FE2112ED2F18" box="[160,186,504,527]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BBAFE21134A2F18" box="[204,285,504,527]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">ioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. While
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1A0EFE20100F2F18" box="[376,600,504,528]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Oiceoptoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaniventris" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1A0EFE2013DC2F07" box="[376,395,505,528]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1AD2FE2113EA2F18" box="[420,445,504,527]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1AB9FE21100F2F18" box="[463,600,504,527]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaniventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had 32 out of 44 correct assignments,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD485603FF8D1F65FE2116C92F07" box="[1043,1182,503,528]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
were closer to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1E3BFE2013492F24" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnicollis" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1E3BFE2017372F07" box="[1357,1376,505,528]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1E0FFE2117C42F18" box="[1401,1427,504,527]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BE1FDC213492F24" box="[151,286,539,563]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">brunnicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 4 to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1AFDFDC510DD2F24" box="[395,650,539,563]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Eusilpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaneocephala" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1AFDFDC513C92F24" box="[395,414,540,563]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1AC0FDC213872F25" box="[438,464,539,562]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1A94FDC210DD2F24" box="[482,650,539,563]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaneocephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Further,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD485603FF8D198CFDC2117E2F24" box="[762,809,539,564]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="generic">
|
||
6
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1866FDC5117E2F24" box="[784,809,540,563]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Eusilpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaneocephala" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1866FDC511742F24" box="[784,803,540,563]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D184DFDC211022F25" box="[827,853,539,562]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1810FDC216592F24" box="[870,1038,539,563]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaneocephala</emphasis>
|
||
were closer to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1FC8FDC517CC2F24" box="[1214,1435,539,563]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnicollis" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1FC8FDC516862F24" box="[1214,1233,540,563]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F9FFDC217542F25" box="[1257,1283,539,562]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1E62FDC217CC2F24" box="[1300,1435,539,563]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">brunnicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and only 2 to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1A41FDE610402F41" box="[311,535,575,599]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Oiceoptoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaniventris" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1A41FDE6131D2F41" box="[311,330,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1A15FDE6132B2F41" box="[355,380,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1AF8FDE610402F41" box="[398,535,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaniventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, thus making 40 of 48 correctly assigned. Only
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD485603FF8D1F36FDE6169B2F40" box="[1088,1228,574,599]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1F82FDE617CB2F41" box="[1268,1436,575,599]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ioptera" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F82FDE617502F41" box="[1268,1287,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1E69FDE6176E2F41" box="[1311,1337,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1E3DFDE617CB2F41" box="[1355,1436,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">ioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had mean closer to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1A06FDBB101A2F6E" box="[368,589,610,634]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Oiceoptoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaniventris" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1A06FDBB13D42F6E" box="[368,387,610,633]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1AECFDBB13E42F6E" box="[410,435,610,633]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1AB2FDBB101A2F6E" box="[452,589,610,633]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaniventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
while 35 of 37 were correctly assigned. In general,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1FE6FDBB173A2F6E" box="[1168,1389,610,634]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Oiceoptoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaniventris" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1FE6FDBB16F42F6E" box="[1168,1187,610,633]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1FCCFDBB16832F6E" box="[1210,1236,610,633]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F92FDBB173A2F6E" box="[1252,1389,610,633]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaniventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1BE1FD5C13252F8A" box="[151,370,645,669]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnicollis" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BE1FD5C12FD2F8B" box="[151,170,645,668]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BB7FD5C128C2F8B" box="[193,219,645,668]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1B9DFD5C13252F8A" box="[235,370,645,669]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">brunnicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seem to be closer in elytral shape. The high misclassification in both sexes could be caused by the much larger number of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1AB9FD7010FB2FD7" box="[463,684,680,704]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnicollis" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1AB9FD7013B52FD7" box="[463,482,681,704]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1A8CFD7110432FA8" box="[506,532,680,703]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1953FD7110FB2FD7" box="[549,684,680,704]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">brunnicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
samples used.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D182CFD7016552FA8" box="[858,1026,680,704]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ioptera" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D182CFD70113A2FD7" box="[858,877,681,704]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D18F0FD7111C82FA8" box="[902,927,680,703]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D18C7FD7116552FA8" box="[945,1026,680,703]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">ioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
demonstrated great separation from all other taxa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4166495603FF8D1BE1FCD217682E35" box="[151,1343,778,802]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136C15603FF8D1BE1FCD217682E35" blockId="24.[151,1343,778,802]" box="[151,1343,778,802]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BE1FCD2135E2E35" bold="true" box="[151,265,779,802]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Canonical variate analysis (CVA) confusion matrix results in both sexes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1F45FCD3176D2E35" authority="(Calosilpha)" baseAuthorityName="Calosilpha" box="[1075,1338,778,802]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Necrophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F45FCD316FD2E35" box="[1075,1194,778,802]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Necrophila</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1FCCFCD317782E35" box="[1210,1327,778,802]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Calosilpha</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136C15603FF8D1BE9FCE611A52E43" blockId="24.[159,1429,830,1059]" box="[159,1010,830,852]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Taxa Males Females</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8136C15603FF8D1AD3FCBE1704285A" blockId="24.[159,1429,830,1059]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1437,1121,1357]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">
|
||
Correctly classified Misclassified Total Correctly classified Misclassified Total
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1BE9FC4B13312EB0" box="[159,358,913,935]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnicollis" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BE9FC4B12E72EB0" box="[159,176,914,935]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BB3FC4B128B2EB0" box="[197,220,914,935]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1B9DFC4813312EB0" box="[235,358,913,935]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">brunnicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
134 37 171 148 48
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD485603FF8D1E18FC4812E12EC7" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="generic">
|
||
196
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1BE9FC6212E12EC7" box="[159,182,955,976]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Oiceoptoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaniventris" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BE9FC6212E72EC7" box="[159,176,955,976]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BB3FC62128B2EC7" box="[197,220,955,976]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1B9DFC6213302EC7" box="[235,359,955,976]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaniventris</emphasis>
|
||
<date id="FF8010015603FF8D191BFC6311DE2EC7" box="[621,905,954,976]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" value="1939-11-28">28 11 39</date>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A50065603FF8D1F19FC6312E72EEE" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" precision="15" value="32.212223">
|
||
32 12
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD485603FF8D1E0DFC6312E72EEE" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="generic">
|
||
44
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1BE9FC3D12E72EEE" box="[159,176,996,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Eusilpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaneocephala" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BE9FC3D12E72EEE" box="[159,176,996,1017]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BB3FC3D128B2EEE" box="[197,220,996,1017]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1B9DFC3A13D42EEE" box="[235,387,995,1017]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">cyaneocephala</emphasis>
|
||
33 23 56
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A50065603FF8D1F19FC3A12E72934" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" precision="15" value="40.146667">
|
||
40 8
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D38FD485603FF8D1E0DFC3A12E72934" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="generic">
|
||
48
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D425603FF8D1BE9FBD712E72934" box="[159,176,1038,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Silpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ioptera" subGenus="Calosilpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BE9FBD712E72934" box="[159,176,1038,1059]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">N</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1BB3FBD7128B2934" box="[197,220,1038,1059]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">C.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1B9DFBD713632934" box="[235,308,1038,1059]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">ioptera</emphasis>
|
||
35 2 37 35 2 37 When testing the effect size had on body shape, the natural logarithm of centroid size was used as an independent variable in the regression analysis. The results indicated significance in males (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1FAFFB5C16BD298B" box="[1241,1258,1157,1180]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">F</emphasis>
|
||
= 21.621,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1E04FB5C17D7298B" box="[1394,1408,1157,1180]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">p</emphasis>
|
||
<0.0001), where size explained 22.47% of the shape dissimilarity. The permutation tests for 1,000 random permutations gave
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1A06FB12132929F5" box="[368,382,1227,1250]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">p</emphasis>
|
||
<0.0259. In females, size explained a much higher percentage of 40.36% (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1F93FB1216A129F5" box="[1253,1270,1227,1250]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">F</emphasis>
|
||
= 54.302,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1E03FB1217D429F5" box="[1397,1411,1227,1250]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">p</emphasis>
|
||
<0.0001) and the permutation tests for 1,000 random permutations gave
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AEAD35603FF8D1880FB3616532811" box="[1014,1028,1263,1286]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">p</emphasis>
|
||
<0.0147. Accordingly, it can be concluded that size has an irrefutable effect on shape variability among the studied taxa. Even though size explained a great deal of the difference between the groups, shape variability among them cannot be denied.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |