249 lines
27 KiB
XML
249 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="13427A0AC4676CD2E94C88D78BD336DB" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.metadata_approvedBy="jonas" IM.tables_approvedBy="jonas" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1697436652507" checkinUser="lydiamadika" docAuthor="Madika, Lydia K. & Moteetee, Annah Ntsamaeeng" docDate="2022" docId="03FFD32AFFF3FFBCFF3D54CAFDEC81B2" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys.193.9-42.pdf.imf" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 193" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270" docTitle="Cynoglossum amabile Stapf & J. R. Drumm." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FFC6AB52FFFAFFB7FFB15739FF828528" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the southern African species of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="9" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1710426499899" updateUser="jonas" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="282878D59131ED1DA051EF7D02D5DF98">
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<mods:title id="C0512FA80CAE0E7151AFDD8152E2D3A1">Taxonomic revision of the southern African species of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="CC9F749A2D80A2327BCB13EF1888A515" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1F473C0DA7D7DAAFAD7EEB50622FA480">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6D47CD6B2C790B654588F8983553E204">Madika, Lydia K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AF1862EF1A68F7B04A164ACEB7FA642A">Department of Botany & Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524 Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="6B88FD802F4ADAEB3DFA065D05D076A5" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C91DBECF36C2A43F968A2FC4948FF3E3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D476B273F51F50A5BC1C4B1F195327E8">Moteetee, Annah Ntsamaeeng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="68ECE05B6A9A3CBED7AFF55741D63630">Department of Botany & Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524 Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="21C65996EB7188F735C4630A8565BEB1" type="email">amoteetee@uj.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:titleInfo id="9596CC7BE206B09F35CE7608AC9173BD">
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<mods:title id="47157FF415443EF611F44CB1583E3748">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F12736CC265FA02C0DEA44C23E6A0732">
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<mods:date id="9BD63ACD26AAC6221675FED64BCF6485">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D9D5FE180D3B89BE54DE494C9390BF36">2022-03-15</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7E4DEBEF01387CBEA57512DE1827EF54">193</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="187BA284CDB740349094878C10D35FB5">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="98D6CC8615F2117A8A8B7046CF3E322C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="DD92DEA5531087899A3EFECB56A5CD7B" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03FFD32AFFF3FFBCFF3D54CAFDEC81B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FFD32AFFF3FFBCFF3D54CAFDEC81B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FFD32AFFF3FFBCFF3D54CAFDEC81B2" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFF3FFBEFF3D54CAFE3D8118" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFF3FFBEFF3D54CAFE3D8118" blockId="9.[140,1107,1011,1073]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF3FFBEFF3D54CAFE3D8118" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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2.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFF3FFBEFF1D54CAFD3B8125" ID-CoL="339T5" authority="Stapf & J. R. Drumm." authorityName="Stapf & J. R. Drumm." box="[172,697,1011,1038]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amabile">
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<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF3FFBEFF1D54CAFE2D8126" bold="true" box="[172,431,1011,1038]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Cynoglossum amabile</emphasis>
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Stapf & J.R.Drumm.
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibCitation id="5E7C6A50FFF3FFBEFD5454CAFE3B8118" author="Stapf & J. R. Drumm." journal="Bull. Misc. Inform., Roy. Bot. Gard., Kew" page="202" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" score="612.8561783290684" volume="6" year="1906">Bull. Misc. Inform., Roy. Bot. Gard., Kew 6:202 (1906)</bibCitation>
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||
.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFF3FFBEFF3D5364FDE781B2" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFF3FFBEFF3D5364FDE781B2" blockId="9.[140,1107,1116,1671]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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<materialsCitation id="3B3E6861FFF3FFBEFF3D5364FDE381B2" collectingDate="1894" collectionCode="K" collectorName="W. Hancock" country="China" location="Mengtsze" municipality="Mengtsze" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="lectotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF3FFBEFF3D5364FF4C815F" bold="true" box="[140,206,1117,1143]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Type.</emphasis>
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||
<collectingCountry id="F34122ACFFF3FFBEFF685364FE9D815F" box="[217,287,1117,1143]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" value="China">China</collectingCountry>
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||
<specimenCount id="9D50A9B5FFF3FFBEFE9A5367FEC38151" box="[299,321,1118,1145]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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||
<specimenCount id="9D50A9B5FFF3FFBEFEF05367FED58151" box="[321,343,1118,1145]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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<collectingRegion id="4992ACDEFFF3FFBEFED35364FE3F815F" box="[354,445,1117,1143]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
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,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8DF846FFF3FFBEFE7D5364FDB8815F" box="[460,570,1117,1143]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Mengtsze</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingDate id="EFACBD14FFF3FFBEFDFB5364FD05815F" box="[586,647,1117,1143]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">1894</collectingDate>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF3FFBEFD265367FCD4815F" box="[663,854,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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||
<collectorName id="26A307EAFFF3FFBEFD265367FC9C815F" box="[663,798,1117,1143]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">W. Hancock</collectorName>
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||
133
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||
</emphasis>
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||
(
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||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFF3FFBEFCD85364FC4C815F" box="[873,974,1117,1143]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">K-image</collectionCode>
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||
! [3 sheets],
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||
<typeStatus id="54EDDC9EFFF3FFBEFF3D53B9FF7781B2" box="[140,245,1152,1178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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||
, designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC71FCDFFF3FFBEFE1353B9FDDB81B2" author="Verdcourt" bookContentInfo="In: Polhill RM (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa." box="[418,601,1152,1178]" firstAuthor="Verdcourt" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" refId="ref17841" refString="Verdcourt B (1991) Boraginaceae. In: Polhill RM (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 124 pp." title="Boraginaceae" type="book" year="1991">Verdcourt 1991</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFF3FFBEFF08539AFEFA80F0" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFF3FFBEFF08539AFEFA80F0" blockId="9.[140,1107,1116,1671]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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||
Perennial herb,
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<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFF3FFBEFEC4539AFE3F8196" box="[373,445,1187,1214]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="0.6">0.6 m</quantity>
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in height. Basal leaves 50–100×
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<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFF3FFBEFCF0539AFC4A8196" box="[833,968,1187,1214]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="20.0">20–35 mm</quantity>
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, lanceolateelliptic shaped, softly hairy, deciduous, margins entire. Stem leaves 40–100×
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<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFF3FFBEFBA953FEFF3C802C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="14.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="9.0">9–20 mm</quantity>
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||
, lanceolate shaped, apex acute, base cuneate, entire margins, densely covered with white brittle hairs. Trichomes soft, upright, bulbous based. Inflorescence clustered at the apex, pedicels
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||
<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFF3FFBEFE5F5209FDD38063" box="[494,593,1328,1355]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 mm</quantity>
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||
long, lengthens considerably in fruit. Calyx ca.
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||
<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFF3FFBEFF04526AFF7E8046" box="[181,252,1363,1390]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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||
long, lobes ovate, grey pubescent, apex subacute. Corolla bluish purple; lobe 7×
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||
<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFF3FFBEFF58524EFEB680B9" box="[233,308,1399,1425]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
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||
diameter, segments round. Nutlets ovoid, 2–4×
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||
<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFF3FFBEFC37524EFC7380B9" box="[902,1009,1399,1425]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
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||
, convex shaped; glochidia short, thick, marginal glochidia are more distinct than the central glochidia (
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<figureCitation id="136D7EB9FFF3FFBEFEB45284FEEB80F0" box="[261,361,1469,1496]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[140,212,1022,1044]" captionTargetBox="[142,1108,166,1003]" captionTargetId="figure-209@10.[140,1108,165,1003]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Cynoglossum amabile. SEM micrograph of the adaxial surface of A fruit nutlets B Glochidia. Voucher specimen: J. Stewart 2021 (NU). SEM images scale bar: 2 mm (A); 100 µm (B)." pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Figure 5</figureCitation>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFF3FFBEFF0852D9FDC580D2" box="[185,583,1504,1531]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFF3FFBEFF0852D9FDC580D2" blockId="9.[140,1107,1116,1671]" box="[185,583,1504,1531]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF3FFBEFF0852D9FEBC80D2" bold="true" box="[185,318,1504,1530]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Phenology.</emphasis>
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October to November.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFF3FFBEFF08513AFCEF8335" box="[185,877,1539,1566]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" type="conservation">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFF3FFBEFF08513AFCEF8335" blockId="9.[140,1107,1116,1671]" box="[185,877,1539,1566]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF3FFBEFF08513AFE2C8335" bold="true" box="[185,430,1539,1565]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Conservation status.</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="4992ACDEFFF3FFBEFE04513DFE608336" box="[437,482,1540,1566]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Not</collectingRegion>
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||
evaluated (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC71FCDFFF3FFBEFDD3513AFCE28335" author="Raimondo" box="[610,864,1539,1566]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raimondo" journalOrPublisher="Pretoria" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" pagination="23 - 35" part="86" refId="ref17448" refString="Raimondo D, von Staden L, Foden W, Victor JE, Helme NA, Turner RC, Kamundi DA, Manyama PA (2009) Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 86: 23 - 35." title="Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute" type="journal article" year="2009">Raimondo et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFF3FFBDFF08511FFCD98062" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFF3FFBDFF08511FFCD98062" blockId="9.[140,1107,1116,1671]" lastBlockId="10.[140,1108,1152,1672]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">
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||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF3FFBEFF08511FFE468369" bold="true" box="[185,452,1574,1601]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">Diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
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Amongst the southern African species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFF3FFBEFC38511EFB808368" box="[905,1026,1574,1601]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amabile">
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<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF3FFBEFC38511EFB808368" box="[905,1026,1574,1601]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">C. amabile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
can be confused with
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<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFF3FFBEFE9E5173FE50834C" box="[303,466,1610,1636]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF3FFBEFE9E5173FE50834C" box="[303,466,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">C. lanceolatum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
due to their small-sized nutlets (between 2–4×2.5–4) and flowers. However, the two species are easily distinguished by their flower colour (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFF3FFBDFB885154FE8D81B2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="19" order="Boraginales" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
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||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF3FFBDFB885154FE8D81B2" italics="true" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="18">C. lanceolatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
has white corolla with blue throat, whereas
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<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFF0FFBDFCBC53B9FC0581B2" box="[781,903,1152,1178]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amabile">
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||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFCBC53B9FC0581B2" box="[781,903,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">C. amabile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
has bluish purple corolla). This species was also reported by
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC71FCDFFF0FFBDFDC6539AFC4D8196" author="Stapf and Drummond" box="[631,975,1187,1214]" firstAuthor="Stapf" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew." pageId="10" pageNumber="19" pagination="202" part="1906" refId="ref17720" refString="Stapf O, Drummond JR (1906) Cynoglossum amabile, Stapf et Drummond. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1906: e 202. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4120226" title="Cynoglossum amabile, Stapf et Drummond" type="journal article" year="1906">Stapf and Drummond (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC71FCDFFF0FFBDFBBC539DFE9981C9" author="K onig" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="K onig" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 28" part="224" refId="ref17172" refString="K onig J, Siwakoti M, Hilger HH, Weigend M (2015) A revision of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae Juss.) in Nepal and notes on the widespread Asian species. Phytotaxa 224 (1): 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 224.1.1" title="A revision of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae Juss.) in Nepal and notes on the widespread Asian species" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
K ӧnig
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||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFF3D53FEFF3E81C8" box="[140,188,1222,1248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2015)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to be like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFF0FFBDFE2C53FEFD0681C8" authority="Wallich" authorityName="Wallich" box="[413,644,1222,1249]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="furcatum">
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||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFE2C53FEFDA681C9" box="[413,548,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">C. furcatum</emphasis>
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||
Wallich
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(from Nepal, China, Bhutan, Vietnam, Thailand, Philippines, and India), based on flower and fruit size. The difference can be observed in the inflorescences, whereby
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFF0FFBDFD325234FC89800F" box="[643,779,1293,1319]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="furcatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFD325234FC89800F" box="[643,779,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">C. furcatum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a much larger plant with inflorescences up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFF0FFBDFEC35209FE1D8063" box="[370,415,1328,1355]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
tall, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFF0FFBDFDBB5209FD008062" box="[522,642,1328,1354]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amabile">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFDBB5209FD008062" box="[522,642,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">C. amabile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFF0FFBDFD545209FCAA8063" box="[741,808,1328,1355]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="0.6">0.6 m</quantity>
|
||
tall.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF2932B4FFF0FFBDFF3D54C7FC48811C" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" startId="10.[140,212,1022,1044]" targetBox="[142,1108,166,1003]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFF0FFBDFF3D54C7FC48811C" blockId="10.[140,1109,1022,1076]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFF3D54C7FF6D813C" bold="true" box="[140,239,1022,1044]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFF0FFBDFF4454C7FE31813B" box="[245,435,1022,1043]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amabile">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFF4454C7FE31813B" box="[245,435,1022,1043]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Cynoglossum amabile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. SEM micrograph of the adaxial surface of
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFCFD54C7FCDD813C" bold="true" box="[844,863,1022,1044]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">A</emphasis>
|
||
fruit nutlets
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFC6B54C7FC69813C" bold="true" box="[986,1003,1022,1044]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">B</emphasis>
|
||
Glochidia. Voucher specimen:
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFEF05326FE4D811B" box="[321,463,1054,1076]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">J. Stewart 2021</emphasis>
|
||
(NU). SEM images scale bar: 2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFC9E5327FCC0811C" bold="true" box="[815,834,1054,1076]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">A</emphasis>
|
||
); 100 µm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFC1D5327FC3F811C" bold="true" box="[940,957,1054,1076]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">B</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFF0FFBDFF08526AFC9F80D2" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFF0FFBDFF08526AFC9F80D2" blockId="10.[140,1108,1152,1672]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFF08526AFE688045" bold="true" box="[185,490,1363,1389]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFF0FFBDFE43526AFD588045" box="[498,730,1363,1389]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amabile">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFE43526AFD588045" box="[498,730,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Cynoglossum amabile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widely distributed in southern China where it is usually grown for ornamental purposes and naturalised in many parts of the world (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC71FCDFFF0FFBDFEEE52A3FD81809C" author="Xu" box="[351,515,1434,1460]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Xu" journalOrPublisher="Chemical Research in Chinese Universities" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" pagination="404 - 406" part="25" refId="ref18082" refString="Xu Q-J, Zhang D-Z, Dang L-J, Li K-P (2009) Triterpene acids from Cynoglossum amabile. Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 25 (3): 404 - 406." title="Triterpene acids from Cynoglossum amabile" type="journal article" year="2009">Xu et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC71FCDFFF0FFBDFD1D52A3FB9D809C" author="Germishuizen and Meyer" box="[684,1055,1434,1460]" firstAuthor="Germishuizen" journalOrPublisher="National Botanical Institute: Pretoria. Strelitzia" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" pagination="133 - 136" part="14" refId="ref16792" refString="Germishuizen G, Meyer NL (2003) Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. National Botanical Institute: Pretoria. Strelitzia 14: 133 - 136." title="Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist" type="journal article" year="2003">Germishuizen and Meyer (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, this species is only found in KwaZulu-Natal Province (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136D7EB9FFF0FFBDFD7D5284FCAC80F0" box="[716,814,1469,1496]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[140,209,923,945]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,903]" captionTargetId="figure-186@11.[140,1108,165,903]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Recorded distribution of Cynoglossum amabile in southern Africa based on the specimens examined." pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), where it grows in open, disturbed sites, on gravel slopes and sandy, dry riverbanks.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFF0FFBDFF08513AFBD18369" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFF0FFBDFF08513AFBD18369" blockId="10.[140,1108,1152,1672]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFF08513AFDB58335" bold="true" box="[185,567,1539,1565]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Additional
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D50A9B5FFF0FFBDFE8F513AFE358335" box="[318,439,1539,1565]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" type="generic">specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
examined.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3E6861FFF0FFBDFD8C513AFBD28369" collectingDate="1977-11-23" collectionCode="NU" collectorName="J. Stewart" country="South Africa" county="Richmond District" location="Byrne Village" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34122ACFFF0FFBDFD8C513AFD4F8335" box="[573,717,1539,1565]" name="South Africa" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" value="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4992ACDEFFF0FFBDFD67513AFC0B8335" box="[726,905,1539,1565]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
|
||
: 2930 (Pietermaritzburg):
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62881AB0FFF0FFBDFF40511FFE4A8368" box="[241,456,1574,1600]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Richmond District</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E8934E7FFF0FFBDFE60511EFDE48368" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FFD32AFFF3FFBCFF3D54CAFDEC81B2:8E8934E7FFF0FFBDFE60511EFDE48368" box="[465,614,1574,1601]" country="South Africa" county="Richmond District" name="Byrne Village" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Byrne Village</location>
|
||
(-CD),
|
||
<date id="FFE844FCFFF0FFBDFD0E511EFCD78369" box="[703,853,1575,1601]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" value="1977-11-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFACBD14FFF0FFBDFD0E511EFCD78369" box="[703,853,1575,1601]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" value="1977-11-23">23 Nov 1977</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFCEE511EFB858369" box="[863,1031,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<collectorName id="26A307EAFFF0FFBDFCEE511EFC4A8369" box="[863,968,1575,1601]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">J. Stewart</collectorName>
|
||
2021
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFF0FFBDFBA7511EFBC58369" box="[1046,1095,1575,1601]" country="Thailand" name="Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">NU</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFF0FFBCFF085170FDEC81B2" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFF0FFBCFF085170FDEC81B2" blockId="10.[140,1108,1152,1672]" lastBlockId="11.[140,1108,1011,1179]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFF085170FE09834C" bold="true" box="[185,395,1609,1636]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Taxonomic notes.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFF0FFBDFE205173FDFA834C" box="[401,632,1610,1636]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amabile">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFF0FFBDFE205173FDFA834C" box="[401,632,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="19">Cynoglossum amabile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been described as a widespread species which grows in disturbed habitat and can be grown as an ornamental (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC71FCDFFF0FFBDFC355154FBC583A0" author="K onig" box="[900,1095,1645,1672]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="K onig" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 28" part="224" refId="ref17172" refString="K onig J, Siwakoti M, Hilger HH, Weigend M (2015) A revision of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae Juss.) in Nepal and notes on the widespread Asian species. Phytotaxa 224 (1): 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 224.1.1" title="A revision of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae Juss.) in Nepal and notes on the widespread Asian species" type="journal article" year="2015">K ӧnig et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This species has only been collected once in South Africa by J. Stewart in 1977, since then there have been no later records or observations of this species in this region. Attempts to locate this species in the wild were futile. It is questionable whether this species occurs naturally in the southern African region since its single known locality is within a protected area in KwaZulu-Natal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |