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<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FF48F8CD3245FC4B" ID-CoL="7ZQ4X" authority="Laporte, 1840" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" box="[192,825,930,955]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silenus" subGenus="Oxysternon">
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<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FF48F8CD3026FC4B" bold="true" box="[192,346,931,955]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FEE4F8CD337AFC4B" bold="true" box="[364,518,931,955]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FD9FF8CC330BFC4A" bold="true" box="[535,631,930,954]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">silenus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FDF7F8CD3245FC4B" author="Laporte" box="[639,825,931,955]" firstAuthor="Laporte" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 563" refId="ref211548" refString="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L. 1840. Histoire naturelle des insectes coleopteres. Tome deuxieme. p. 1 - 563. In: C. E. Blanchard, F. L. Laporte de Castelnau, and P. H. Lucas. Histoire naturelle des animaux articules, annalides, crustaces, arachnides, myriapodes et insectes. P. Dumenil; Paris. 564 p." type="book chapter" year="1840">Laporte, 1840</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FF60F8A43301FC2F" ID-CoL="7ZQ4X" authority="Laporte 1840: 82" authorityName="Laporte" authorityPageNumber="82" authorityYear="1840" box="[232,637,969,991]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silenus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FF60F8A430C5FC2E" box="[232,441,969,991]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon silenus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FE48F8A43301FC2F" author="Laporte" box="[448,637,970,991]" firstAuthor="Laporte" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 563" refId="ref211548" refString="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L. 1840. Histoire naturelle des insectes coleopteres. Tome deuxieme. p. 1 - 563. In: C. E. Blanchard, F. L. Laporte de Castelnau, and P. H. Lucas. Histoire naturelle des animaux articules, annalides, crustaces, arachnides, myriapodes et insectes. P. Dumenil; Paris. 564 p." type="book chapter" year="1840">Laporte 1840: 82</bibRefCitation>
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<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FD03F8A73249FC2F" box="[651,821,969,991]" name="French Guiana" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
- 
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<paragraph id="8BC14E0AFFA2FF84FF60F889359FFC0C" blockId="105.[232,1407,969,1251]" box="[232,1251,998,1020]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6E6924FFA2FF84FF60F889359FFC0C" box="[232,1251,998,1020]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
= 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FF75F888326AFC0C" ID-CoL="7XSZH" authority="Olsoufieff 1924: 118" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityPageNumber="118" authorityYear="1924" box="[253,790,998,1020]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneum">
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FF75F88833C5FC0B" author="Olsoufieff" box="[253,697,998,1020]" page="118" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="1924">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FF75F88830ABFC0C" box="[253,471,998,1020]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon aeneum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FE56F88833C5FC0B" author="Olsoufieff" box="[478,697,998,1020]" firstAuthor="Olsoufieff" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref218570" refString="Olsoufieff, G. d'. 1924. Les phanaeides (Coleoptera-Lamellicornia). Famille Scarabaeidae - Tr. Coprini. Insecta 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">Olsoufieff 1924: 118</bibRefCitation>
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(
<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FD4FF8883272FC0C" box="[711,782,998,1020]" name="Brazil" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Brazil</collectingCountry>
)
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- 
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FCA3F8883511FC0B" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[811,1133,998,1020]" page="29" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FCA3F8883511FC0B" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[811,1133,998,1020]" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 29</bibRefCitation>
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(syn. nov.)
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6E6924FFA2FF84FF60FF6A358BFBE9" box="[232,1271,1027,1049]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
= 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FF75FF6D3256FBE9" ID-CoL="7XSZL" authority="Olsoufieff 1924: 117" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityPageNumber="117" authorityYear="1924" box="[253,810,1027,1049]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeum">
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FF75FF6D33B8FBE8" author="Olsoufieff" box="[253,708,1027,1049]" page="117" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="1924">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FF75FF6D309EFBE8" box="[253,482,1027,1048]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon sericeum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FE61FF6D33B8FBE8" author="Olsoufieff" box="[489,708,1027,1049]" firstAuthor="Olsoufieff" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref218570" refString="Olsoufieff, G. d'. 1924. Les phanaeides (Coleoptera-Lamellicornia). Famille Scarabaeidae - Tr. Coprini. Insecta 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">Olsoufieff 1924: 117</bibRefCitation>
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(
<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FD59FF6D325EFBE9" box="[721,802,1027,1049]" name="Bolivia" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
- 
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FCB7FF6D35FEFBE8" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[831,1154,1027,1049]" page="29" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FCB7FF6D35FEFBE8" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[831,1154,1027,1049]" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 29</bibRefCitation>
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(syn. nov.)
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6E6924FFA2FF84FF60FF4E3403FBC5" box="[232,1407,1056,1078]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
= 
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FF75FF4E3381FBC5" author="Olsoufieff" box="[253,765,1056,1078]" page="117" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="1924">
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FF75FF4E3381FBC5" ID-CoL="7XSZM" authority="Olsoufieff 1924: 117" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityPageNumber="117" authorityYear="1924" box="[253,765,1056,1078]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdinum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FF75FF4E3360FBC5" box="[253,540,1056,1077]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon smaragdinum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FDABFF4E3381FBC5" author="Olsoufieff" box="[547,765,1056,1078]" firstAuthor="Olsoufieff" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref218570" refString="Olsoufieff, G. d'. 1924. Les phanaeides (Coleoptera-Lamellicornia). Famille Scarabaeidae - Tr. Coprini. Insecta 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">Olsoufieff 1924: 117</bibRefCitation>
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(
<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FC83FF4E3216FBC6" box="[779,874,1056,1078]" name="Ecuador" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FCFDFF4E32D6FBC5" box="[885,938,1056,1077]" name="Peru" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Peru</collectingCountry>
) - 
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FC4FFF4E3475FBC5" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[967,1289,1056,1078]" page="29" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FC4FFF4E3475FBC5" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[967,1289,1056,1078]" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 29</bibRefCitation>
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(syn. nov.)
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC14E0AFFA2FF84FF60FF5335C6FBA2" blockId="105.[232,1407,969,1251]" box="[232,1210,1084,1107]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6E6924FFA2FF84FF60FF5335C6FBA2" box="[232,1210,1084,1107]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
= 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FF75FF533391FBA3" ID-CoL="7XSZP" authority="Pereira 1943: 109" authorityName="Pereira" authorityPageNumber="109" authorityYear="1943" box="[253,749,1084,1107]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani">
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FF75FF5333EDFBA2" author="Pereira" box="[253,657,1084,1107]" page="109" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="1943">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FF75FF5330BBFBA1" box="[253,455,1084,1106]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon zikani</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FE45FF5333EDFBA2" author="Pereira" box="[461,657,1085,1107]" firstAuthor="Pereira" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="109 - 118" refId="ref219237" refString="Pereira, F. S. 1943. Duas novas especies e uma variedade de Oxysternon Cast. (Coleopt. Scarab.). Arquivos do Museu Paranaense 3: 109 - 118." type="journal article" year="1943">Pereira 1943: 109</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FD17FF53339AFBA3" box="[671,742,1085,1107]" name="Brazil" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Brazil</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
- 
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FC8AFF533539FBA2" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[770,1093,1085,1107]" page="29" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FC8AFF533539FBA2" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[770,1093,1085,1107]" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 29</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(syn. nov.)
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC14E0AFFA2FF84FF60FF343435FB9F" blockId="105.[232,1407,969,1251]" box="[232,1353,1113,1136]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6E6924FFA2FF84FF60FF343435FB9F" box="[232,1353,1113,1136]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
= 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FF75FF343200FB80" ID-CoL="7Z9D6" authority="Pereira 1943: 114" authorityName="Pereira" authorityPageNumber="114" authorityYear="1943" box="[253,892,1113,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="zikani" variety="peruanus">
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FF75FF343253FB9F" author="Pereira" box="[253,815,1113,1135]" page="114" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="1943">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FF75FF3430BAFB9E" box="[253,454,1113,1135]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon zikani</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FE77FF34331BFB9F" box="[511,615,1114,1135]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">peruanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FDE5FF373253FB9F" author="Pereira" box="[621,815,1113,1135]" firstAuthor="Pereira" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="109 - 118" refId="ref219237" refString="Pereira, F. S. 1943. Duas novas especies e uma variedade de Oxysternon Cast. (Coleopt. Scarab.). Arquivos do Museu Paranaense 3: 109 - 118." type="journal article" year="1943">Pereira 1943: 114</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FCB5FF343208FB80" box="[829,884,1114,1136]" name="Peru" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Peru</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
- 
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FC19FF3735AFFB9F" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[913,1235,1113,1135]" page="29" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FC19FF3735AFFB9F" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[913,1235,1113,1135]" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 29</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(syn. nov.)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC14E0AFFA2FF84FF60FF193421FB7C" blockId="105.[232,1407,969,1251]" box="[232,1373,1142,1164]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6E6924FFA2FF84FF60FF193421FB7C" box="[232,1373,1142,1164]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
= 
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FF75FF18338AFB7B" author="Arnaud, P." box="[253,758,1142,1164]" page="4" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="2001">
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FF75FF18338AFB7B" ID-CoL="7Z9D2" authority="Arnaud 2001: 4" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityPageNumber="4" authorityYear="2001" box="[253,758,1142,1164]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenum" subSpecies="chicheryi">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FF75FF18333FFB7B" box="[253,579,1142,1163]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon silenum chicheryi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FDC2FF18338AFB7B" author="Arnaud, P." box="[586,758,1142,1164]" journalOrPublisher="Besoiro" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="2 - 8" part="6" refId="ref191305" refString="Arnaud, P. 2001. Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic]). Besoiro 6: 2 - 8." title="Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic])" type="journal article" year="2001">Arnaud 2001: 4</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FC8CFF183236FB7C" box="[772,842,1142,1164]" name="Brazil" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(NA)) - 
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FC2CFF18359BFB7B" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[932,1255,1142,1164]" page="30" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FC2CFF18359BFB7B" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[932,1255,1142,1164]" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 30</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(syn. nov.)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC14E0AFFA2FF84FF60FFFA3582FB59" blockId="105.[232,1407,969,1251]" box="[232,1278,1171,1193]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6E6924FFA2FF84FF60FFFA3582FB59" box="[232,1278,1171,1193]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
= 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FF75FFFD324CFB59" ID-CoL="7Z9D3" authority="Arnaud 2001: 2" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityPageNumber="2" authorityYear="2001" box="[253,816,1171,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenum" subSpecies="dufouri">
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FF75FFFD339FFB58" author="Arnaud, P." box="[253,739,1171,1193]" page="2" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="2001">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FF75FFFD334DFB58" box="[253,561,1171,1192]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon silenum dufouri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FDBFFFFD339FFB58" author="Arnaud, P." box="[567,739,1171,1193]" journalOrPublisher="Besoiro" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="2 - 8" part="6" refId="ref191305" refString="Arnaud, P. 2001. Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic]). Besoiro 6: 2 - 8." title="Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic])" type="journal article" year="2001">Arnaud 2001: 2</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FD7AFFFD3255FB59" box="[754,809,1171,1193]" name="Peru" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Peru</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
- 
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FCCDFFFD35F4FB58" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[837,1160,1171,1193]" page="30" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FCCDFFFD35F4FB58" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[837,1160,1171,1193]" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 30</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(syn. nov.)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC14E0AFFA2FF84FF60FFDE3591FB35" blockId="105.[232,1407,969,1251]" box="[232,1261,1200,1222]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6E6924FFA2FF84FF60FFDE3591FB35" box="[232,1261,1200,1222]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
= 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FF75FFDE3263FB36" ID-CoL="7Z9D4" authority="Arnaud 2001: 3" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityPageNumber="3" authorityYear="2001" box="[253,799,1200,1222]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenum" subSpecies="jossi">
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FF75FFDE33BEFB35" author="Arnaud, P." box="[253,706,1200,1222]" page="3" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="2001">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FF75FFDE336CFB35" box="[253,528,1200,1221]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon silenum jossi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FD9EFFDE33BEFB35" author="Arnaud, P." box="[534,706,1200,1222]" journalOrPublisher="Besoiro" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="2 - 8" part="6" refId="ref191305" refString="Arnaud, P. 2001. Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic]). Besoiro 6: 2 - 8." title="Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic])" type="journal article" year="2001">Arnaud 2001: 3</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FD59FFDE3264FB36" box="[721,792,1200,1222]" name="Brazil" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Brazil</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
- 
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FCBCFFDE350BFB35" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[820,1143,1200,1222]" page="30" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FCBCFFDE350BFB35" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[820,1143,1200,1222]" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 30</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(syn. nov.)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC14E0AFFA2FF84FF60FFA33470FB12" blockId="105.[232,1407,969,1251]" box="[232,1292,1228,1251]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6E6924FFA2FF84FF60FFA33470FB12" box="[232,1292,1228,1251]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
= 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FF75FFA33243FB13" ID-CoL="7Z9D5" authority="Arnaud 2001: 3" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityPageNumber="3" authorityYear="2001" box="[253,831,1228,1251]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenum" subSpecies="zagurii">
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FF75FFA3339EFB12" author="Arnaud, P." box="[253,738,1228,1251]" page="3" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="2001">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FF75FFA33353FB12" box="[253,559,1228,1250]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon silenum zagurii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FDBEFFA3339EFB12" author="Arnaud, P." box="[566,738,1229,1251]" journalOrPublisher="Besoiro" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="2 - 8" part="6" refId="ref191305" refString="Arnaud, P. 2001. Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic]). Besoiro 6: 2 - 8." title="Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic])" type="journal article" year="2001">Arnaud 2001: 3</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FD78FFA3324BFB13" box="[752,823,1229,1251]" name="Brazil" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Brazil</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
- 
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF681BFFA2FF84FCDCFFA335EAFB12" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[852,1174,1229,1251]" page="30" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FCDCFFA335EAFB12" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[852,1174,1229,1251]" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 30</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(syn. nov.)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3641D81FFA2FF87FF48FF9D3512FD91" lastPageId="106" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC14E0AFFA2FF87FF48FF9D3089FE42" blockId="105.[192,1440,1267,1899]" lastBlockId="106.[192,1440,217,434]" lastPageId="106" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FF48FF9D3375FAFB" bold="true" box="[192,521,1267,1291]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
Distribution. 
<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FEF3FF9D337FFAFB" box="[379,515,1267,1291]" name="Suriname" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Suriname</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FD9AFF9D3397FAFB" author="Arnaud, P." box="[530,747,1267,1291]" journalOrPublisher="Les Coleopteres du Monde" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="9 - 151" part="28" refId="ref191395" refString="Arnaud, P. 2002 c. Phanaeini. Les Coleopteres du Monde 28: 9 - 151." title="Phanaeini" type="journal article" year="2002">Arnaud 2002c: 73</bibRefCitation>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FCA8FF9D3284FAFB" authority="silenus" box="[800,1016,1267,1291]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="silenus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FCA8FF9D3284FAFB" box="[800,1016,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus silenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FB99FF9A35ABFAFB" author="Larsen" box="[1041,1239,1267,1291]" firstAuthor="Larsen" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" refId="ref211719" refString="Larsen, T. H. 2011. Dung beetles of the Kwamalasamutu region, Suriname (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). p. 91 - 103. In: B. J. O'Shea, L. E. Alonso, and T. H. Larsen (eds.). A rapid biological assessment of the Kwamalasamutu region, southwestern Suriname. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 63. Conservation International; Arlington, VA, U. S. A. 156 p. [Note 1. Pages 94, 96, 98, 100, 102 in this publication are all numbered 92]. [Note 2. This publication contains data from original research as well as the copied and corrected data from earlier research first published in Larsen (2007)]." type="book" year="2011">Larsen 2011: 99</bibRefCitation>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FA84FF9D34ECFAFB" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[1292,1424,1267,1291]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FA84FF9D34ECFAFB" box="[1292,1424,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. aeneum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); MHCN. 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FEA1FE7D337EFADB" bold="true" box="[297,514,1299,1323]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FEA1FE7D3081FADB" box="[297,509,1299,1323]" name="French Guiana" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FD83FE7A339CFADB" author="Laporte" box="[523,736,1299,1323]" firstAuthor="Laporte" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 563" refId="ref211548" refString="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L. 1840. Histoire naturelle des insectes coleopteres. Tome deuxieme. p. 1 - 563. In: C. E. Blanchard, F. L. Laporte de Castelnau, and P. H. Lucas. Histoire naturelle des animaux articules, annalides, crustaces, arachnides, myriapodes et insectes. P. Dumenil; Paris. 564 p." type="book chapter" year="1840">Laporte 1840: 82</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FD66FE7D32A5FADB" author="Olsoufieff" box="[750,985,1299,1323]" firstAuthor="Olsoufieff" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref218570" refString="Olsoufieff, G. d'. 1924. Les phanaeides (Coleoptera-Lamellicornia). Famille Scarabaeidae - Tr. Coprini. Insecta 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">Olsoufieff 1924: 49</bibRefCitation>
, 118; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FBACFE7A35ADFADB" author="Feer, F." box="[1060,1233,1299,1323]" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N. S.)" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="29 - 43" part="36" refId="ref202135" refString="Feer, F. 2000. Les coleopteres coprophages et necrophages (Scarabaeidae s. str. et Aphodiidae) de la foret de Guyane francaise: composition specifique et structure des peuplements. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N. S.) 36 (1): 29 - 43." title="Les coleopteres coprophages et necrophages (Scarabaeidae s. str. et Aphodiidae) de la foret de Guyane francaise: composition specifique et structure des peuplements" type="journal article" year="2000">Feer 2000: 32</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FB57FE7D34DCFADB" author="Arnaud, P." box="[1247,1440,1299,1323]" journalOrPublisher="Besoiro" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="2 - 8" part="6" refId="ref191305" refString="Arnaud, P. 2001. Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic]). Besoiro 6: 2 - 8." title="Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic])" type="journal article" year="2001">Arnaud 2001: 2</bibRefCitation>
(designation 
<typeStatus id="54C5F0A8FFA2FF84FED4FE5D309FFABB" box="[348,483,1331,1355]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" type="neotype">NEOTYPE</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FE60FE5D33B0FABB" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" box="[488,716,1331,1355]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silenus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FE60FE5D33B0FABB" box="[488,716,1331,1355]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon silenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 2002c: 73 (as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FC09FE5D352EFABB" authority="silenus" box="[897,1106,1331,1355]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="silenus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FC09FE5D352EFABB" box="[897,1106,1331,1355]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus silenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FBE0FE5D31A1FA9B" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 29</bibRefCitation>
(designation 
<typeStatus id="54C5F0A8FFA2FF84FEF7FE3D335AFA9B" box="[383,550,1363,1387]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FDA4FE3D326CFA9B" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" box="[556,784,1363,1387]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silenus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FDA4FE3D326CFA9B" box="[556,784,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon silenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FCAEFE3D35FDFA9B" author="Hamel-Leigue, A. C. &amp; S. K. Herzog &amp; D. J. Mann &amp; T. H. Larsen &amp; B. D. Gill &amp; W. D. Edmonds &amp; S. Spector" box="[806,1153,1363,1387]" journalOrPublisher="Kempffiana" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="43 - 95" part="5" refId="ref206504" refString="Hamel-Leigue, A. C., S. K. Herzog, D. J. Mann, T. H. Larsen, B. D. Gill, W. D. Edmonds, and S. Spector. 2009. Distribucion e historia natural de escarabajos coprophagos de la tribu Phanaeini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en Bolivia. Kempffiana 5 (2): 43 - 95." title="Distribucion e historia natural de escarabajos coprophagos de la tribu Phanaeini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en Bolivia" type="journal article" year="2009">Hamel-Leigue et al. 2009: 63</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FB03FE3D34E7FA9B" author="Brule, S. &amp; J. Touroult &amp; P. - H. Dalens" bookContentInfo="120 p." box="[1163,1435,1363,1387]" journalOrPublisher="Rapport de la Societe entomologique Antilles-Guyane, SEAG, ONF" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" refId="ref195373" refString="Brule, S., J. Touroult, and P. - H. Dalens (coord.). 2011 a. Resultats de l'inventaire entomologique du site de Saut Parare, reserve des Nouragues (Guyane), 2009 - 2010. Rapport de la Societe entomologique Antilles-Guyane, SEAG, ONF. 120 p. + annexes." title="Resultats de l'inventaire entomologique du site de Saut Parare, reserve des Nouragues (Guyane)" type="book" year="2011">Brûlé et al. 2011a: 193</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FF48FE1D3045FA7B" author="Brule, S. &amp; J. Touroult &amp; E. Poirier &amp; P. - H. Dalens" bookContentInfo="144 p." box="[192,313,1395,1419]" journalOrPublisher="SEAG, PAG" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" refId="ref195498" refString="Brule, S., J. Touroult, E. Poirier, and P. - H. Dalens. 2014. Resultats de l'etude-inventaire entomologique du site de la Montagne Pelee, Saul (Guyane), 2010 - 2012. Rapport de la Societe entomologique Antilles-Guyane. SEAG, PAG. 144 p. + annexes." title="Resultats de l'etude-inventaire entomologique du site de la Montagne Pelee, Saul (Guyane), 2010 - 2012. Rapport de la Societe entomologique Antilles-Guyane" type="book" year="2014">2014: 183</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FECDFE1D3311FA7B" author="Brule, S. &amp; P. - H. Dalens" bookContentInfo="23 p." box="[325,621,1395,1419]" journalOrPublisher="Rapport de la Societe entomologique Antilles-Guyane" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" refId="ref195220" refString="Brule, S., and P. - H. Dalens. 2012 a. Etude et inventaire entomologique du Mont Itoupe. Mission 2010 pour le compte du Parc Amazonien de Guyane. Rapport de la Societe entomologique Antilles-Guyane. 23 p. + annexes." title="Etude et inventaire entomologique du Mont Itoupe. Mission 2010 pour le compte du Parc Amazonien de Guyane" type="book" year="2012">Brûlé and Dalens 2012a</bibRefCitation>
annex 4: 18; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FC98FE1D3511FA7B" author="Brule, S. &amp; J. Touroult" bookContentInfo="35 p." box="[784,1133,1395,1419]" journalOrPublisher="Rapport de la Societe entomologique Antilles-Guyane, SEAG, ONF" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" refId="ref195320" refString="Brule, S., and J. Touroult. 2013. Resultats statistiques de l'etude-inventaire entomologique du site de l'antenne dans la Reserve du Mont Grand Matoury (Guyane), 2012 - 2013. Rapport de la Societe entomologique Antilles-Guyane, SEAG, ONF. 35 p. + annexes." title="Resultats statistiques de l'etude-inventaire entomologique du site de l'antenne dans la Reserve du Mont Grand Matoury (Guyane)" type="book" year="2013">Brûlé and Touroult 2013: 41</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FBF2FE1D3408FA7B" author="Boilly, O. &amp; J. Lapeze &amp; P. - H. Dalens &amp; J. - L. Giuglaris &amp; J. Touroult" box="[1146,1396,1395,1419]" journalOrPublisher="Contribution a l'etude des coleopteres de Guyane" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="86 - 97" part="10" refId="ref194521" refString="Boilly, O., J. Lapeze, P. - H. Dalens, J. - L. Giuglaris, and J. Touroult. 2016. Les Phanaeini de Guyane: liste commentee, cles et iconographie (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Contribution a l'etude des coleopteres de Guyane 10: 86 - 97. [Supplement au Bulletin de liaison d'ACOREP-France &quot; Le Coleopteriste &quot;]." title="Les Phanaeini de Guyane: liste commentee, cles et iconographie (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae)" type="journal article" year="2016">Boilly et al. 2016: 95</bibRefCitation>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FF48FEFD30EFFA5B" authority="silenus" box="[192,403,1427,1451]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="silenus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FF48FEFD30EFFA5B" box="[192,403,1427,1451]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus silenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); MHCN; RMNH. 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FDFEFEFD3274FA5B" bold="true" box="[630,776,1427,1451]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">“Guianas”:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FC87FEFD32AEFA5B" author="Gillet, J. J. E." bookContentInfo="100 p." box="[783,978,1427,1451]" editor="S. Schenkling" journalOrPublisher="Junk; Berlin" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="3 - 100" refId="ref204620" refString="Gillet, J. J. E. 1911 b. Scarabaeidae: Coprinae I. p. 3 - 100. In: S. Schenkling. Coleopterorum Catalogus Pars 38. W. Junk; Berlin. 100 p." title="Scarabaeidae: Coprinae I" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Coleopterorum Catalogus Pars 38. W" year="1911">Gillet 1911b: 87</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FC55FEFD35BEFA5B" author="Olsoufieff" box="[989,1218,1427,1451]" firstAuthor="Olsoufieff" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref218570" refString="Olsoufieff, G. d'. 1924. Les phanaeides (Coleoptera-Lamellicornia). Famille Scarabaeidae - Tr. Coprini. Insecta 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">Olsoufieff 1924: 49</bibRefCitation>
, 118; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FA80FEFD3040FA3B" author="Blackwelder, R. E." journalOrPublisher="United States National Museum Bulletin" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="189 - 341" part="185" refId="ref193872" refString="Blackwelder, R. E. 1944. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 2. United States National Museum Bulletin 185 (2): 189 - 341." title="Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 2" type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder 1944: 210</bibRefCitation>
. 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FEC1FEDD3092FA3B" bold="true" box="[329,494,1459,1483]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FEC1FEDD30E1FA3B" box="[329,413,1459,1483]" name="Brazil" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(NA):
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FE7FFEDD33BDFA3B" author="Gillet, J. J. E." bookContentInfo="100 p." box="[503,705,1459,1483]" editor="S. Schenkling" journalOrPublisher="Junk; Berlin" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="3 - 100" refId="ref204620" refString="Gillet, J. J. E. 1911 b. Scarabaeidae: Coprinae I. p. 3 - 100. In: S. Schenkling. Coleopterorum Catalogus Pars 38. W. Junk; Berlin. 100 p." title="Scarabaeidae: Coprinae I" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Coleopterorum Catalogus Pars 38. W" year="1911">Gillet 1911b: 87</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FD47FEDD32C6FA3B" author="Olsoufieff" box="[719,954,1459,1483]" firstAuthor="Olsoufieff" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref218570" refString="Olsoufieff, G. d'. 1924. Les phanaeides (Coleoptera-Lamellicornia). Famille Scarabaeidae - Tr. Coprini. Insecta 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">Olsoufieff 1924: 49</bibRefCitation>
, 50, 118 (as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FBD3FEDD35A3FA3B" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[1115,1247,1459,1483]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FBD3FEDD35A3FA3B" box="[1115,1247,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. aeneum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FA9DFEDD34ECFA3B" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" box="[1301,1424,1459,1483]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silenus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FA9DFEDD34ECFA3B" box="[1301,1424,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FF48FEBD30EBFA1B" author="Pereira" box="[192,407,1491,1515]" firstAuthor="Pereira" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="109 - 118" refId="ref219237" refString="Pereira, F. S. 1943. Duas novas especies e uma variedade de Oxysternon Cast. (Coleopt. Scarab.). Arquivos do Museu Paranaense 3: 109 - 118." type="journal article" year="1943">Pereira 1943: 109</bibRefCitation>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FE41FEBD3344FA1B" authorityName="Pereira" authorityYear="1943" box="[457,568,1491,1515]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FE41FEBD3344FA1B" box="[457,568,1491,1515]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. zikani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FDC7FEBD3218FA1B" author="Blackwelder, R. E." box="[591,868,1491,1515]" journalOrPublisher="United States National Museum Bulletin" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="189 - 341" part="185" refId="ref193872" refString="Blackwelder, R. E. 1944. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 2. United States National Museum Bulletin 185 (2): 189 - 341." title="Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 2" type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder 1944: 210</bibRefCitation>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FC1EFEBD3564FA1B" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[918,1048,1491,1515]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FC1EFEBD3564FA1B" box="[918,1048,1491,1515]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. aeneum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FBC0FEBD35BCFA1B" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" box="[1096,1216,1491,1515]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silenus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FBC0FEBD35BCFA1B" box="[1096,1216,1491,1515]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FB5FFEBD3190F9FB" author="Martinez" firstAuthor="Martinez" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="109 - 114" refId="ref213949" refString="Martinez, A. 1947 b. Addenda y corrigenda al trabajo de Blackwelder &quot; Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America &quot; (Scarabaeidae, Coprinae). Arthropoda 1 (1): 109 - 114." type="journal article" year="1947" yearSuffix="b">Martínez 1947b: 112</bibRefCitation>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FEADFE9D30E4F9FB" authorityName="Pereira" authorityYear="1943" box="[293,408,1523,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FEADFE9D30E4F9FB" box="[293,408,1523,1547]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. zikani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FE58FE9D3386F9FB" authorityName="Pereira" authorityYear="1943" box="[464,762,1523,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="zikani" variety="peruanus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FE58FE9D333EF9FB" box="[464,578,1523,1547]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. zikani</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FD00FE9A3386F9FB" box="[648,762,1524,1547]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">peruanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FC9DFE9D3545F9FB" author="Vaz-de-Mello" box="[789,1081,1523,1547]" firstAuthor="Vaz-de-Mello" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" refId="ref228421" refString="Vaz-de-Mello, F. Z. 2000. Estado atual de conhecimento dos Scarabaeidae s. str. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) do Brasil. p. 183 - 195. In: F. Martin-Piera, J. J. Morrone, and A. Melic (eds.). Hacia un proyecto CYTED para el inventario y estimacion de la diversidad entomologica en Iberoamerica: PrIBES 2000. Monografias Tercer Milenio; Zaragoza, Spain. 326 p." type="book" year="2000">Vaz-de-Mello 2000: 194</bibRefCitation>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FBFBFE9D3042F9DB" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenum" subGenus="Oxysternon" subSpecies="peruanum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FBFBFE9D35F2F9FA" box="[1139,1166,1523,1546]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FB2AFE9D3457F9FA" box="[1186,1323,1523,1546]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FAB7FE9D3042F9DB" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">silenum peruanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FEE6FD7D33A3F9DB" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[366,735,1555,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdinum" subGenus="Oxysternon">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FEE6FD7D30F6F9DA" box="[366,394,1555,1578]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FE11FD7D335EF9DA" box="[409,546,1555,1578]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FDBAFD7D33A3F9DB" box="[562,735,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">smaragdinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FD7DFD7D32CEF9DB" author="Arnaud, P." box="[757,946,1555,1579]" journalOrPublisher="Besoiro" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="2 - 8" part="6" refId="ref191305" refString="Arnaud, P. 2001. Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic]). Besoiro 6: 2 - 8." title="Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic])" type="journal article" year="2001">Arnaud 2001: 3</bibRefCitation>
, 4 (as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FC76FD7D34E4F9DB" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityYear="2001" box="[1022,1432,1555,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenum" subGenus="Oxysternon" subSpecies="chicheryi">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FC76FD7D3566F9DA" box="[1022,1050,1555,1578]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FBA2FD7D35CFF9DA" box="[1066,1203,1555,1578]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FB4BFD7D34E4F9DB" box="[1219,1432,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">silenum chicheryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FF6BFD5D333BF9BA" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityYear="2001" box="[227,583,1587,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenum" subGenus="Oxysternon" subSpecies="jossi">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FF6BFD5D3182F9BA" box="[227,254,1587,1610]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FE87FD5D30E4F9BA" box="[271,408,1587,1610]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FE21FD5D333BF9BA" box="[425,583,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">silenum jossi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FDF1FD5D3283F9BA" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityYear="2001" box="[633,1023,1587,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenum" subGenus="Oxysternon" subSpecies="zagurii">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FDF1FD5D33E9F9BA" box="[633,661,1587,1610]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FD2DFD5D3252F9BA" box="[677,814,1587,1610]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Oxysternon</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FCB7FD5D3283F9BA" box="[831,1023,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">silenum zagurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (NA), 2002c: 73, 74, 76, 78 (as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FA0CFD5D3004F99B" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="aeneum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FA0CFD5D3004F99B" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus aeneum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FE2DFD3D3302F99B" box="[421,638,1619,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="chiceryi">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FE2DFD3D3302F99B" box="[421,638,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus chiceryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FD23FD3D3227F99A" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityYear="2001" box="[683,859,1619,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="jossi">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FD23FD3D3227F99A" box="[683,859,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus jossi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FC00FD3D3525F99B" authority="silenus" box="[904,1113,1619,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="silenus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FC00FD3D3525F99B" box="[904,1113,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus silenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FB0DFD3D3424F99A" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityYear="2001" box="[1157,1368,1619,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="zagurii">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FB0DFD3D3424F99A" box="[1157,1368,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus zagurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FA0CFD3D301BF97B" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="zikani">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FA0CFD3D301BF97B" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus zikani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FEF6FD1D33A0F97B" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[382,732,1651,1675]" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 29</bibRefCitation>
(NA); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FCA2FD1D3566F97B" author="Gardner, T. A. &amp; M. I. M. Hernandez &amp; J. Barlow &amp; C. A. Peres" box="[810,1050,1651,1675]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Applied Ecology" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="883 - 893" part="45" refId="ref203612" refString="Gardner, T. A., M. I. M. Hernandez, J. Barlow, and C. A. Peres. 2008. Understanding the biodiversity consequences of habitat change: the value of secondary and plantation forests for Neotropical dung beetles. Journal of Applied Ecology 45: 883 - 893 + table S 1." title="Understanding the biodiversity consequences of habitat change: the value of secondary and plantation forests for Neotropical dung beetles" type="journal article" year="2008">Gardner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
: table S1 (NA); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FB5CFD1D3030F95B" author="Hamel-Leigue, A. C. &amp; S. K. Herzog &amp; D. J. Mann &amp; T. H. Larsen &amp; B. D. Gill &amp; W. D. Edmonds &amp; S. Spector" journalOrPublisher="Kempffiana" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="43 - 95" part="5" refId="ref206504" refString="Hamel-Leigue, A. C., S. K. Herzog, D. J. Mann, T. H. Larsen, B. D. Gill, W. D. Edmonds, and S. Spector. 2009. Distribucion e historia natural de escarabajos coprophagos de la tribu Phanaeini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en Bolivia. Kempffiana 5 (2): 43 - 95." title="Distribucion e historia natural de escarabajos coprophagos de la tribu Phanaeini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en Bolivia" type="journal article" year="2009">Hamel-Leigue et al. 2009: 63</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FEDFFDFD338EF95B" author="Pacheco and Vaz-de-Mello" box="[343,754,1683,1707]" firstAuthor="Pacheco" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref218632" refString="Pacheco, T. L., and F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello. 2015. Dung beetles of the tribe Phanaeini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidade [sic]: Scarabaeinae) from Roraima state, northern Brazil: checklist and key to species. Biota Neotropica 15 (2): 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="2015">Pacheco and Vaz-de-Mello 2015: 2</bibRefCitation>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FCA9FDFD3570F95B" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityYear="2001" box="[801,1036,1683,1707]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="chicheryi">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FCA9FDFD3570F95B" box="[801,1036,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus chicheryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (NA). 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FBEAFDFD3441F95B" bold="true" box="[1122,1341,1683,1707]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">
<collectingCountry id="F3690E9AFFA2FF84FBEAFDFD358CF95B" box="[1122,1264,1683,1707]" name="Venezuela" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
(EO):
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FACBFDFD304BF93B" author="Arnaud, P." journalOrPublisher="Les Coleopteres du Monde" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="9 - 151" part="28" refId="ref191395" refString="Arnaud, P. 2002 c. Phanaeini. Les Coleopteres du Monde 28: 9 - 151." title="Phanaeini" type="journal article" year="2002">Arnaud 2002c: 74</bibRefCitation>
, 76 (as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FE1FFDDD3305F93B" box="[407,633,1715,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="aeneum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FE1FFDDD3305F93B" box="[407,633,1715,1739]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus aeneum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FD25FDDD32A0F93B" authorityName="d'Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[685,988,1715,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="smaragdinum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FD25FDDD32A0F93B" box="[685,988,1715,1739]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus smaragdinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (EO); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FBBFFDDD34DCF93B" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[1079,1440,1715,1739]" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 29</bibRefCitation>
(EO); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FE81FDBD330FF91B" author="Hamel-Leigue, A. C. &amp; S. K. Herzog &amp; D. J. Mann &amp; T. H. Larsen &amp; B. D. Gill &amp; W. D. Edmonds &amp; S. Spector" box="[265,627,1747,1771]" journalOrPublisher="Kempffiana" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="43 - 95" part="5" refId="ref206504" refString="Hamel-Leigue, A. C., S. K. Herzog, D. J. Mann, T. H. Larsen, B. D. Gill, W. D. Edmonds, and S. Spector. 2009. Distribucion e historia natural de escarabajos coprophagos de la tribu Phanaeini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en Bolivia. Kempffiana 5 (2): 43 - 95." title="Distribucion e historia natural de escarabajos coprophagos de la tribu Phanaeini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en Bolivia" type="journal article" year="2009">Hamel-Leigue et al. 2009: 63</bibRefCitation>
. 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FDF7FDBD321AF91B" bold="true" box="[639,870,1747,1771]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">“Amazon Basin”:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FCE6FDBD352BF91B" author="Olsoufieff" box="[878,1111,1747,1771]" firstAuthor="Olsoufieff" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref218570" refString="Olsoufieff, G. d'. 1924. Les phanaeides (Coleoptera-Lamellicornia). Famille Scarabaeidae - Tr. Coprini. Insecta 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">Olsoufieff 1924: 49</bibRefCitation>
, 118. 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FB29FDBD3585F91B" bold="true" box="[1185,1273,1747,1771]" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">Other:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FA89FDBD31A1F8FB" author="Gillet, J. J. E." bookContentInfo="100 p." editor="S. Schenkling" journalOrPublisher="Junk; Berlin" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="3 - 100" refId="ref204620" refString="Gillet, J. J. E. 1911 b. Scarabaeidae: Coprinae I. p. 3 - 100. In: S. Schenkling. Coleopterorum Catalogus Pars 38. W. Junk; Berlin. 100 p." title="Scarabaeidae: Coprinae I" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Coleopterorum Catalogus Pars 38. W" year="1911">Gillet 1911b: 87</bibRefCitation>
(Bolivia); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FEE8FD9D3330F8FB" author="Olsoufieff" box="[352,588,1779,1803]" firstAuthor="Olsoufieff" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="4 - 172" refId="ref218570" refString="Olsoufieff, G. d'. 1924. Les phanaeides (Coleoptera-Lamellicornia). Famille Scarabaeidae - Tr. Coprini. Insecta 13: 4 - 172." type="journal article" year="1924">Olsoufieff 1924: 49</bibRefCitation>
, 117, 118 (Bolivia - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FCE5FD9D3282F8FA" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[877,1022,1779,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FCE5FD9D3282F8FA" box="[877,1022,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. sericeum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Bolivia - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FB2FFD9D345DF8FB" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" box="[1191,1313,1779,1803]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silenus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FB2FFD9D345DF8FB" box="[1191,1313,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Ecuador, Peru - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FEBCFC7D3378F8DB" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[308,516,1811,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdinum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FEBCFC7D3378F8DB" box="[308,516,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. smaragdinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FD93FC7D3261F8DB" author="Balthasar, V." bookContentInfo="358 p." box="[539,797,1811,1835]" editor="E. Titschack" journalOrPublisher="Behre; Hamburg, Germany" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="337 - 358" refId="ref192769" refString="Balthasar, V. 1941 c. Scarabaeidae laparostictae (Col.). 68. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Scarabaeiden Col. p. 337 - 358. In: E. Titschack. Beitrage zur Fauna Perus: nach der Ausbeute der Hamburger Sudperu-Expedition 1936, anderer Sammlungen, wie auch auf Grund von Literaturangaben. Bd I. Behre; Hamburg, Germany. 358 p. [Note. Reprinted 1951 by Gustav Fischer; Jena, Germany. 344 p.]" title="Scarabaeidae laparostictae (Col.). 68. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Scarabaeiden Col" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Beitrage zur Fauna Perus: nach der Ausbeute der Hamburger Sudperu-Expedition 1936, anderer Sammlungen, wie auch auf Grund von Literaturangaben. Bd I" year="1941">Balthasar 1941c: 351</bibRefCitation>
(Ecuador, Peru - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FB9DFC7D3599F8DB" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[1045,1253,1811,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdinum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FB9DFC7D3599F8DB" box="[1045,1253,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. smaragdinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FB74FC7D3190F8BB" author="Pereira" firstAuthor="Pereira" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="109 - 118" refId="ref219237" refString="Pereira, F. S. 1943. Duas novas especies e uma variedade de Oxysternon Cast. (Coleopt. Scarab.). Arquivos do Museu Paranaense 3: 109 - 118." type="journal article" year="1943">Pereira 1943: 109</bibRefCitation>
(Peru - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FEE7FC5D33F2F8BB" authorityName="Pereira" authorityYear="1943" box="[367,654,1843,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="zikani" variety="peruanus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FEE7FC5D30A2F8BB" box="[367,478,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. zikani</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FD94FC5A33F2F8BB" box="[540,654,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">peruanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FD2DFC5D32C6F8BB" author="Blackwelder, R. E." box="[677,954,1843,1867]" journalOrPublisher="United States National Museum Bulletin" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="189 - 341" part="185" refId="ref193872" refString="Blackwelder, R. E. 1944. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 2. United States National Museum Bulletin 185 (2): 189 - 341." title="Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 2" type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder 1944: 210</bibRefCitation>
(Bolivia - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FBD1FC5D359AF8BA" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[1113,1254,1843,1866]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FBD1FC5D359AF8BA" box="[1113,1254,1843,1866]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. sericeum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Bolivia - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FA0CFC5D3069F89B" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silenus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FA0CFC5D3069F89B" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. silenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Ecuador - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FE48FC3D33F3F89B" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[448,655,1875,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdinum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FE48FC3D33F3F89B" box="[448,655,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. smaragdinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; not mentioned - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF84FC0CFC3D328EF89B" authorityName="Pereira" authorityYear="1943" box="[900,1010,1875,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF84FC0CFC3D328EF89B" box="[900,1010,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. zikani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA2FF84FB80FC3D347FF89B" author="Martinez" box="[1032,1283,1875,1899]" firstAuthor="Martinez" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" pagination="109 - 114" refId="ref213949" refString="Martinez, A. 1947 b. Addenda y corrigenda al trabajo de Blackwelder &quot; Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America &quot; (Scarabaeidae, Coprinae). Arthropoda 1 (1): 109 - 114." type="journal article" year="1947" yearSuffix="b">Martínez 1947b: 112</bibRefCitation>
(Peru - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA2FF87FA0CFC3D3070FF01" authorityName="Pereira" authorityYear="1943" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="106" lastPageNumber="105" order="Coleoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zikani">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA2FF87FA0CFC3D3070FF01" italics="true" lastPageId="106" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="105" pageNumber="104">O. zikani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Peru - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA1FF87FE03FBB433D4FF01" authorityName="Pereira" authorityYear="1943" box="[395,680,217,241]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="zikani" variety="peruanus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FE03FBB43085FF01" box="[395,505,217,241]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">O. zikani</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FDBEFBB433D4FF01" box="[566,680,218,241]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">peruanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA1FF87FD37FBB73206FF02" author="Arnaud, P." box="[703,890,217,242]" journalOrPublisher="Besoiro" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" pagination="2 - 8" part="6" refId="ref191305" refString="Arnaud, P. 2001. Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic]). Besoiro 6: 2 - 8." title="Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic])" type="journal article" year="2001">Arnaud 2001: 2</bibRefCitation>
(Colombia, Peru - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA1FF87FBF3FBB43067FEE1" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenum" subGenus="Oxysternon" subSpecies="dufouri">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FBF3FBB435EBFF01" box="[1147,1175,218,241]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">O.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FB2EFBB43453FF01" box="[1190,1327,218,241]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">Oxysternon</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FAB7FBB73067FEE1" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">silenum dufouri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 2002c: 74, 76, 77 (Peru - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA1FF87FD02FB94321AFEE1" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityYear="2001" box="[650,870,249,273]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="dufouri">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FD02FB94321AFEE1" box="[650,870,249,273]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">O. silenus dufouri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Peru - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA1FF87FC66FB94359DFEE1" box="[1006,1249,249,273]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="peruanus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FC66FB94359DFEE1" box="[1006,1249,249,273]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">O. silenus peruanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Bolivia - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA1FF87FA0CFB9430FAFEC1" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="sericeum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FA0CFB9430FAFEC1" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">O. silenus sericeum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA1FF87FC0CFA7435D1FEC1" authorityName="d'Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[900,1197,281,305]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="smaragdinum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FC0CFA7435D1FEC1" box="[900,1197,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">O. silenus smaragdinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Peru - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA1FF87FAA1FA743070FEA1" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silenus" subSpecies="zikani">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FAA1FA743070FEA1" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">O. silenus zikani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA1FF87FEADFA573336FEA2" author="Medina" box="[293,586,313,338]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Medina" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref215451" refString="Medina, C. A., A. Lopera-Toro, A. Vitolo, and B. D. Gill. 2001. Escarabajos coprofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) de Colombia. Biota Colombiana 2 (2): 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="2001">Medina et al. 2001: 140</bibRefCitation>
(Colombia - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA1FF87FC86FA5432F4FEA1" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" box="[782,904,313,337]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silenus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FC86FA5432F4FEA1" box="[782,904,313,337]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">O. silenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Colombia - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA1FF87FBC2FA543460FEA1" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[1098,1308,313,337]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdinum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FBC2FA543460FEA1" box="[1098,1308,313,337]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">O. smaragdinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Colombia - as 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA1FF87FF7FFA343014FE81" box="[247,360,345,369]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sikani">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FF7FFA343014FE81" box="[247,360,345,369]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">O. sikani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[sic]); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA1FF87FE35FA373254FE82" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[445,808,345,370]" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 29</bibRefCitation>
(Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA1FF87FE9AFA173359FE62" author="Noriega" box="[274,549,377,402]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Noriega" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" pagination="77 - 86" refId="ref217549" refString="Noriega, J. A., C. Solis, F. Escobar, and E. Realpe. 2007. Escarabajos coprofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) de la provincia de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. Biota Colombiana 8 (1): 77 - 86." type="journal article" year="2007">Noriega et al. 2007: 83</bibRefCitation>
(Colombia); 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA1FF87FD48FA173563FE61" author="Hamel-Leigue, A. C. &amp; S. K. Herzog &amp; D. J. Mann &amp; T. H. Larsen &amp; B. D. Gill &amp; W. D. Edmonds &amp; S. Spector" box="[704,1055,377,402]" journalOrPublisher="Kempffiana" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" pagination="43 - 95" part="5" refId="ref206504" refString="Hamel-Leigue, A. C., S. K. Herzog, D. J. Mann, T. H. Larsen, B. D. Gill, W. D. Edmonds, and S. Spector. 2009. Distribucion e historia natural de escarabajos coprophagos de la tribu Phanaeini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en Bolivia. Kempffiana 5 (2): 43 - 95." title="Distribucion e historia natural de escarabajos coprophagos de la tribu Phanaeini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en Bolivia" type="journal article" year="2009">Hamel-Leigue et al. 2009: 63</bibRefCitation>
(Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC14E0AFFA1FF87FF48FAAF34DCFE0A" blockId="106.[192,1440,449,506]" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FF48FAAF3063FE29" bold="true" box="[192,287,449,473]" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">Note 1.</emphasis>
The 
<typeStatus id="54C5F0A8FFA1FF87FED6FAAC30C2FE2A" box="[350,446,450,474]" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA1FF87FE6CFAAC33B6FE29" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" box="[484,714,449,473]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silenus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FE6CFAAC33B6FE29" box="[484,714,449,473]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">Oxysternon silenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
designated in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA1FF87FCF7FAAF3533FE2A" author="Arnaud, P." box="[895,1103,449,474]" journalOrPublisher="Besoiro" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" pagination="2 - 8" part="6" refId="ref191305" refString="Arnaud, P. 2001. Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic]). Besoiro 6: 2 - 8." title="Description de nouvelles especes de phanaeides (Col. Scarabeidae [sic])" type="journal article" year="2001">Arnaud (2001: 2)</bibRefCitation>
was invalidated when type material used by Laporte was recovered and a 
<typeStatus id="54C5F0A8FFA1FF87FD6DFA8F322DFE09" box="[741,849,481,505]" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
was designated in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA1FF87FBB9FA8F34E0FE0A" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[1073,1436,481,506]" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek (2004: 29)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC14E0AFFA1FF87FF48F9673512FD91" blockId="106.[192,1441,521,609]" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FF48F967305DFDD1" bold="true" box="[192,289,521,545]" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">Note 2.</emphasis>
According to 
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF33FBFFA1FF87FE47F9673233FDD2" author="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; J. Zidek" box="[463,847,521,546]" journalOrPublisher="Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 58" part="11" refId="ref200318" refString="Edmonds, W. D., and J. Zidek. 2004. Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). Folia Heyrovskyana Supplementum 11: 1 - 58." title="Revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Oxysternon (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)" type="journal article" year="2004">Edmonds and Zídek (2004: 34)</bibRefCitation>
, the spelling of the name should be 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA1FF87FA9FF9643069FDB1" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silenus">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FA9FF9643069FDB1" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">Oxysternon silenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, not 
<taxonomicName id="4C7E3589FFA1FF87FEDCF94430A5FDB1" box="[340,473,553,577]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Oxysternon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silenum">
<emphasis id="B90A9218FFA1FF87FEDCF94430A5FDB1" box="[340,473,553,577]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="105">O. silenum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, because Silenus is a personal name (of the mythological assistant of Bacchus) and as such a noun in apposition to the generic name, and not to be declined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>