treatments-xml/data/03/9B/29/039B2955BC1CE829FF15FDA5ED622A85.xml
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<mods:title id="75EC9AF1DEC5A11DA78F908A5CC793F8">Taxonomic study of the leafhopper genera Farynala Dworakowska and Xaniona Zhang &amp; Huang (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Typhlocybini), with descriptions of three new species from China</mods:title>
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<treatment id="039B2955BC1CE829FF15FDA5ED622A85" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6009202" ID-GBIF-Taxon="131878087" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6009202" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B2955BC1CE829FF15FDA5ED622A85" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B2955BC1CE829FF15FDA5ED622A85" lastPageNumber="523" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
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<paragraph id="8B8D9843BC1CE829FF15FDA5EF302B44" blockId="4.[151,379,612,638]" box="[151,379,612,638]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">
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Notes on
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<emphasis id="B9464451BC1CE829FE88FDA5EF302B44" bold="true" box="[266,379,612,638]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Farynala</emphasis>
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After studying related literature and comparing the characteristics of original descriptions (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3E5B2BC1CE829FB2BFD6BEBD32BF9" author="Dworakowska" box="[1193,1432,682,707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" refString="Dworakowska, I. (1970) On some East Palaearctic and Oriental Typhlocybini (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Bulletin de l'Academie Polonaise des Sciences. Serie des Sciences Biologiques, 18 (4), 211 - 217." type="journal article" year="1970">Dworakowska, 1970</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3E5B2BC1CE829FF15FD0EEE992BDD" author="Dworakowska" box="[151,210,719,743]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" refString="Dworakowska, I. (1977) On some Typhlocybinae from Vietnam (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 30 (2), 9 - 47." type="journal article" year="1977">1977</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3E5B2BC1CE829FF5FFD0EEF532BDD" author="Dworakowska" box="[221,280,719,743]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" refString="Dworakowska, I. (1982) Typhlocybini of Asia (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae). Entomologische Abhandlungen und Berichte aus dem Staatlichen Museum fur Tierkunde in Dresden, 45 (6), 99 - 181." type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3E5B2BC1CE829FEA6FD0EEF142BDD" author="Dworakowska" box="[292,351,719,743]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" refString="Dworakowska, I. (1994) Typhlocybinae (Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae) of Sikkim, a preliminary survey. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 55, 93 - 215." type="journal article" year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3E5B2BC1CE829FEE9FD0FEC402BDD" author="Sharma" box="[363,523,718,743]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" refString="Sharma, B. (1977) A new species of genus Farynala Dworakowska 1970, from India (Homoptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae). Entomon (India), 2 (2), 241 - 242." type="journal article" year="1977">Sharma, 1977</bibRefCitation>
), we conclude that
<taxonomicName id="4C32E3C0BC1CE829FD66FD0FED072BDC" authorityName="Dworakowska" authorityYear="1970" box="[740,844,718,742]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Farynala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9464451BC1CE829FD66FD0FED072BDC" box="[740,844,718,742]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Farynala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a taxonomically difficult genus in which the most reliable diagnostic characters are in the penis, setosity of pygofer and shape of the paramere. There are many species differing by combinations of characters but this information has not always been presented (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3E5B2BC1CE829FAA5FCD7EF7D2A69" author="Ahmed" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" refString="Ahmed, M. &amp; Naheed, R. (1981) On some species of the genera Edwardsiana and Farynala from Pakistan (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia, 19 (14), 75 - 83." type="journal article" year="1981">Ahmed &amp; Naheed, 1981</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3E5B2BC1CE829FEC1FCFBEC552A69" author="Chiang" box="[323,542,826,851]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" refString="Chiang, C. C., Hsu, T. C. &amp; Knight, W. J. (1989) Studies on Taiwanese Typhlocybinae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) (?) tribe Typhlocybini and two new species of Zyginellini. Journal of Taiwang Museum, 42 (1), 99 - 146." type="journal article" year="1989">
Chiang
<emphasis id="B9464451BC1CE829FE19FCFAEF9F2A69" box="[411,468,827,851]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">et al.</emphasis>
, 1989
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3E5B2BC1CE829FDA8FCFBECF02A69" author="Thapa" box="[554,699,826,851]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" refString="Thapa, V. K. (1989) Some more new leafhoppers (Homoptera, Cicadellidae) from the Kathmandu area, Nepal. Insecta Matsumurana, New Series, 42, 111 - 122." type="journal article" year="1989">Thapa, 1989</bibRefCitation>
). Intraspecific variability in all characters except the shape of the aedeagus was observed. For instance, by checking all the specimens
<taxonomicName id="4C32E3C0BC1CE829FC4EFC9FEAC22A4C" authority="Yan &amp; Yang, 2017" authorityName="Yan &amp; Yang" authorityYear="2017" box="[972,1161,862,886]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Farynala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dextra" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9464451BC1CE829FC4EFC9FEAC22A4C" box="[972,1161,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Farynala dextra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B9464451BC1CE829FB16FC9FEAB82A4D" bold="true" box="[1172,1267,862,887]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C32E3C0BC1CE829FAB6FC9FEEA02AA0" authority="Yan &amp; Yang, 2017" authorityName="Yan &amp; Yang" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Farynala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinistra" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9464451BC1CE829FAB6FC9FEEA02AA0" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">Farynala sinistra</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275F92ABC1CE829FF77FC43EF192AA1" box="[245,338,898,923]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B9464451BC1CE829FF77FC43EF192AA1" bold="true" box="[245,338,898,923]" pageId="4" pageNumber="523">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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, we found that chaetotaxy of the pygofer lobe can exhibit various combinations of setae, e.g., “2+2, 2+3, 2+4...2+6”, but the shape of paramere is stable.
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