414 lines
42 KiB
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414 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1122-159" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FA00A7E84C0F5CB99EC98038F8BCBE6C" ID-ZooBank="D42640BDE9674745B64C23C33BAEBA6A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1122-159" checkinTime="1664443337029" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kang, Zehui, Gao, Gang, Zhang, Xiao, Yang, Ding & Wang, Junping" docDate="2022" docId="F44654F232D45A11A80607D87D52E45A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1122: 159-172" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1122" docPubDate="2022-09-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483" docTitle="Ptychoptera hekouensis Kang, Gao & Zhang 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="97105AE4-40AD-46BC-A51F-1E5A7E48A464" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="FA00A7E84C0F5CB99EC98038F8BCBE6C" lastPageNumber="159" masterDocId="FA00A7E84C0F5CB99EC98038F8BCBE6C" masterDocTitle="Three new fold-winged crane flies of the genus Ptychoptera Meigen, 1803 (Diptera, Ptychopteridae) from southern China" masterLastPageNumber="172" masterPageNumber="159" pageNumber="159" updateTime="1664443337029" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Three new fold-winged crane flies of the genus Ptychoptera Meigen, 1803 (Diptera, Ptychopteridae) from southern China</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kang, Zehui</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">kangzehui1987@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gao, Gang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zhang, Xiao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8054-0968</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Yang, Ding</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wang, Junping</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">junpingwang@qau.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-09-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1122</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>159</mods:start>
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<mods:end>172</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1122-159</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D42640BDE9674745B64C23C33BAEBA6A</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FA00A7E84C0F5CB99EC98038F8BCBE6C</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:97105AE4-40AD-46BC-A51F-1E5A7E48A464" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F44654F232D45A11A80607D87D52E45A" lastPageNumber="159" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/97105AE4-40AD-46BC-A51F-1E5A7E48A464" authority="Kang, Gao & Zhang" authorityName="Kang, Gao & Zhang" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Ptychopteridae" genus="Ptychoptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychoptera hekouensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hekouensis" status="sp. nov.">Ptychoptera hekouensis Kang, Gao & Zhang</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="159">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Thoraxes of new Ptychoptera species a P. hekouensis, dorsal view b P. hekouensis, lateral view c P. longa, dorsal view d P. longa, lateral view e P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view f P. xiaohuangshana, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750142" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Figs 1a, b</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Wings of new Ptychoptera species a P. hekouensis b P. longa c P. xiaohuangshana. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750143" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">, 2a</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Male genitalia of new Ptychoptera species a P. hekouensis b P. longa c P. xiaohuangshana. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. (ECP = epandrial clasper, EL = epandrial lobe, GCT = gonocoxite, GST = gonostylus, HYPD = hypandrium)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750144" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">, 3a</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Details of male genitalia of new Ptychoptera species a epandrium of P. hekouensis, dorsal view b gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. hekouensis, dorsal view c hypandrium of P. hekouensis, ventral view d epandrium of P. longa, dorsal view e gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. longa, dorsal view f hypandrium of P. longa, ventral view g epandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view h gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view i hypandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm. (ECP = epandrial clasper, EL = epandrial lobe, EPI = epiproct, GAS = apical stylus of gonostylus, GBA = anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GBL = basal lobe of gonostylus, GBM = medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GCT = gonocoxite, GSL = secondary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, GAT = tertiary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, HBD = basal division of hypandrium, HMW = membranous window of terminal division of hypandrium, HSL = spathate lobe of hypandrium, HTD = terminal division of hypandrium, HTE = lateral extension of terminal division of hypandrium, PPA = apical process of paramere)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750145" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">, 4a-c</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Aedeagi of new Ptychoptera species a P. hekouensis, dorsal view b P. hekouensis, lateral view c P. hekouensis, ventral view d P. longa, dorsal view e P. longa, lateral view f P. longa, ventral view g P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view h P. xiaohuangshana, lateral view i P. xiaohuangshana, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm. (AEA = ejaculatory apodeme, AES = aedeagal sclerite, ALP = lateral ejaculatory process, AS = sperm sac, ASA = subapical sclerite of aedeagus)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750146" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">, 5a-c</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Scutellum mostly brownish black, middle area yellow; wing marked with small brown marks at base of Rs, tip of R1, base of R2+3, fork of R4+5, r-m, and fork of M1+2; epandrial clasper tapering and slightly curved distally to the middle, inner side with two papillary projections; medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus ear-shaped.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Male.</emphasis>
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Body length 8.0 mm, wing length 9.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Vertex and frons black; face and clypeus yellow with brown hairs; gena yellow with a black elliptical spot medially, hairs on gena dark brown; occiput yellow. Compound eyes black without pubescence. Scape, pedicel and basal 1/2 of 1st flagellomere yellow, remaining flagellomeres dark brown; hairs dark brown. Proboscis yellow with brown hairs. Palpus yellow with last segment gradually darked apically, hairs brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Thorax</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Thoraxes of new Ptychoptera species a P. hekouensis, dorsal view b P. hekouensis, lateral view c P. longa, dorsal view d P. longa, lateral view e P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view f P. xiaohuangshana, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750142" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">1a, b</figureCitation>
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). Pronotum and propleuron yellow. Prescutum mostly brownish black, anterior margin with lateral area yellow; scutum and paratergite mostly brownish black, posterior margin yellow; scutellum mostly brownish black, middle area yellow with a patch of dense brown hairs; postnotum yellow. Mesopleuron uniformly yellow. Coxae and trochanters yellow. Wing (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Wings of new Ptychoptera species a P. hekouensis b P. longa c P. xiaohuangshana. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750143" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">2a</figureCitation>
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) 3.3 times as long as wide, subhyaline, apical 1/2 slightly brown, marked with small brown marks at base of Rs, tip of R1, base of R2+3, fork of R4+5, r-m, and fork of M1+2. Veins brown; Sc ending in C exceeding basal 1/3 of R2+3; Rs straight, 4 times the length of r-m; r-m arise from Rs. Wing with setae below fold in cell cua2, and over tip 1/3 of wing. Halter and prehaltere pale yellow with brown hairs.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750142" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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Thoraxes of new
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ptychopteridae" genus="Ptychoptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychoptera" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Ptychoptera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">a</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. hekouensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hekouensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. hekouensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">b</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. hekouensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hekouensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. hekouensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">c</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. longa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. longa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">d</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. longa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. longa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">e</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. xiaohuangshana" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaohuangshana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. xiaohuangshana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">f</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. xiaohuangshana" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaohuangshana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. xiaohuangshana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750143" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Wings of new
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ptychopteridae" genus="Ptychoptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychoptera" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Ptychoptera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">a</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. hekouensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hekouensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. hekouensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">b</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. longa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. longa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">c</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. xiaohuangshana" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaohuangshana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. xiaohuangshana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Abdomen</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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First tergum yellow with caudal 1/3 brownish black, 2nd tergum brownish black with middle area yellow, 3rd tergum yellow with caudal 1/3 brownish black, 4th tergum yellow with caudal 1/2 black, 5th to 7th terga black; first to 4th sterna yellow, 5th to 7th sterna black; hairs on abdomen yellow.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Male genitalia of new Ptychoptera species a P. hekouensis b P. longa c P. xiaohuangshana. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. (ECP = epandrial clasper, EL = epandrial lobe, GCT = gonocoxite, GST = gonostylus, HYPD = hypandrium)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750144" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">3a</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Details of male genitalia of new Ptychoptera species a epandrium of P. hekouensis, dorsal view b gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. hekouensis, dorsal view c hypandrium of P. hekouensis, ventral view d epandrium of P. longa, dorsal view e gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. longa, dorsal view f hypandrium of P. longa, ventral view g epandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view h gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view i hypandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm. (ECP = epandrial clasper, EL = epandrial lobe, EPI = epiproct, GAS = apical stylus of gonostylus, GBA = anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GBL = basal lobe of gonostylus, GBM = medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GCT = gonocoxite, GSL = secondary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, GAT = tertiary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, HBD = basal division of hypandrium, HMW = membranous window of terminal division of hypandrium, HSL = spathate lobe of hypandrium, HTD = terminal division of hypandrium, HTE = lateral extension of terminal division of hypandrium, PPA = apical process of paramere)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750145" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">4a-c</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Aedeagi of new Ptychoptera species a P. hekouensis, dorsal view b P. hekouensis, lateral view c P. hekouensis, ventral view d P. longa, dorsal view e P. longa, lateral view f P. longa, ventral view g P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view h P. xiaohuangshana, lateral view i P. xiaohuangshana, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm. (AEA = ejaculatory apodeme, AES = aedeagal sclerite, ALP = lateral ejaculatory process, AS = sperm sac, ASA = subapical sclerite of aedeagus)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750146" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">5a-c</figureCitation>
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) black except caudal 1/2 of epandrial clasper brownish yellow. Epandrium (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Details of male genitalia of new Ptychoptera species a epandrium of P. hekouensis, dorsal view b gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. hekouensis, dorsal view c hypandrium of P. hekouensis, ventral view d epandrium of P. longa, dorsal view e gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. longa, dorsal view f hypandrium of P. longa, ventral view g epandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view h gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view i hypandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm. (ECP = epandrial clasper, EL = epandrial lobe, EPI = epiproct, GAS = apical stylus of gonostylus, GBA = anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GBL = basal lobe of gonostylus, GBM = medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GCT = gonocoxite, GSL = secondary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, GAT = tertiary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, HBD = basal division of hypandrium, HMW = membranous window of terminal division of hypandrium, HSL = spathate lobe of hypandrium, HTD = terminal division of hypandrium, HTE = lateral extension of terminal division of hypandrium, PPA = apical process of paramere)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750145" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">4a</figureCitation>
|
|
) bilobed, epandrial lobe narrow, epandrial clasper tapering and slightly curved distally to the middle, inner side with two papillary projections, with brown long hairs; epiproct V-shaped, with short hairs. Gonocoxite (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Details of male genitalia of new Ptychoptera species a epandrium of P. hekouensis, dorsal view b gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. hekouensis, dorsal view c hypandrium of P. hekouensis, ventral view d epandrium of P. longa, dorsal view e gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. longa, dorsal view f hypandrium of P. longa, ventral view g epandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view h gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view i hypandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm. (ECP = epandrial clasper, EL = epandrial lobe, EPI = epiproct, GAS = apical stylus of gonostylus, GBA = anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GBL = basal lobe of gonostylus, GBM = medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GCT = gonocoxite, GSL = secondary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, GAT = tertiary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, HBD = basal division of hypandrium, HMW = membranous window of terminal division of hypandrium, HSL = spathate lobe of hypandrium, HTD = terminal division of hypandrium, HTE = lateral extension of terminal division of hypandrium, PPA = apical process of paramere)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750145" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">4b</figureCitation>
|
|
) long and stout, 2 times as long as wide, basal apodeme small; apical process of paramere triangular, apex semilunar. Gonostylus (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Details of male genitalia of new Ptychoptera species a epandrium of P. hekouensis, dorsal view b gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. hekouensis, dorsal view c hypandrium of P. hekouensis, ventral view d epandrium of P. longa, dorsal view e gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. longa, dorsal view f hypandrium of P. longa, ventral view g epandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view h gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view i hypandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm. (ECP = epandrial clasper, EL = epandrial lobe, EPI = epiproct, GAS = apical stylus of gonostylus, GBA = anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GBL = basal lobe of gonostylus, GBM = medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GCT = gonocoxite, GSL = secondary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, GAT = tertiary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, HBD = basal division of hypandrium, HMW = membranous window of terminal division of hypandrium, HSL = spathate lobe of hypandrium, HTD = terminal division of hypandrium, HTE = lateral extension of terminal division of hypandrium, PPA = apical process of paramere)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750145" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">4b</figureCitation>
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|
): anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus elliptic with dense short hairs; medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus ear-shaped with dense short hairs; secondary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus finger-shaped, slightly curved distally with several long hairs; tertiary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus triangular, pointed apically; apical stylus of gonostylus finger-shaped, swollen distally with long hairs. Hypandrium (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Details of male genitalia of new Ptychoptera species a epandrium of P. hekouensis, dorsal view b gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. hekouensis, dorsal view c hypandrium of P. hekouensis, ventral view d epandrium of P. longa, dorsal view e gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. longa, dorsal view f hypandrium of P. longa, ventral view g epandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view h gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view i hypandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm. (ECP = epandrial clasper, EL = epandrial lobe, EPI = epiproct, GAS = apical stylus of gonostylus, GBA = anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GBL = basal lobe of gonostylus, GBM = medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GCT = gonocoxite, GSL = secondary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, GAT = tertiary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, HBD = basal division of hypandrium, HMW = membranous window of terminal division of hypandrium, HSL = spathate lobe of hypandrium, HTD = terminal division of hypandrium, HTE = lateral extension of terminal division of hypandrium, PPA = apical process of paramere)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750145" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">4c</figureCitation>
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|
): basal division of hypandrium dumbbell-shaped basally with dense long hairs posteriorly; spathate lobe of hypandrium triangular with several long hairs; lateral extension of terminal division of hypandrium elliptic with dense long hairs on posterior 1/2; terminal division of hypandrium papillary. Aedeagus (Fig.
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|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Aedeagi of new Ptychoptera species a P. hekouensis, dorsal view b P. hekouensis, lateral view c P. hekouensis, ventral view d P. longa, dorsal view e P. longa, lateral view f P. longa, ventral view g P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view h P. xiaohuangshana, lateral view i P. xiaohuangshana, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm. (AEA = ejaculatory apodeme, AES = aedeagal sclerite, ALP = lateral ejaculatory process, AS = sperm sac, ASA = subapical sclerite of aedeagus)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750146" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">5a-c</figureCitation>
|
|
): subapical sclerite tongue-shaped, apex of subapical sclerite round; aedeagal sclerites with apex laterally compressed, with dorsal corner extended dorsoanterior, curved sided and convergent; lateral ejaculatory processes with base narrow, extended anterolaterally; sperm sac subspherical; ejaculatory apodeme flag-like, closely associated with aedeagal sclerites, larger than sperm sac, paralleling anterior margin of sperm sac.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750144" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
|
Male genitalia of new
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ptychopteridae" genus="Ptychoptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychoptera" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Ptychoptera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">a</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. hekouensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hekouensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. hekouensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">b</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. longa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. longa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">c</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. xiaohuangshana" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaohuangshana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. xiaohuangshana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. (ECP = epandrial clasper, EL = epandrial lobe, GCT = gonocoxite, GST = gonostylus, HYPD = hypandrium).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750145" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
|
Details of male genitalia of new
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ptychopteridae" genus="Ptychoptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychoptera" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Ptychoptera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">a</emphasis>
|
|
epandrium of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. hekouensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hekouensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. hekouensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, dorsal view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">b</emphasis>
|
|
gonocoxite and gonostylus of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. hekouensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hekouensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. hekouensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, dorsal view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">c</emphasis>
|
|
hypandrium of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. hekouensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hekouensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. hekouensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, ventral view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">d</emphasis>
|
|
epandrium of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. longa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. longa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, dorsal view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">e</emphasis>
|
|
gonocoxite and gonostylus of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. longa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. longa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, dorsal view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">f</emphasis>
|
|
hypandrium of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. longa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. longa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, ventral view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">g</emphasis>
|
|
epandrium of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. xiaohuangshana" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaohuangshana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. xiaohuangshana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, dorsal view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">h</emphasis>
|
|
gonocoxite and gonostylus of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. xiaohuangshana" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaohuangshana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. xiaohuangshana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, dorsal view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">i</emphasis>
|
|
hypandrium of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. xiaohuangshana" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaohuangshana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. xiaohuangshana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm. (ECP = epandrial clasper, EL = epandrial lobe, EPI = epiproct, GAS = apical stylus of gonostylus, GBA = anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GBL = basal lobe of gonostylus, GBM = medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GCT = gonocoxite, GSL = secondary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, GAT = tertiary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, HBD = basal division of hypandrium, HMW = membranous window of terminal division of hypandrium, HSL = spathate lobe of hypandrium, HTD = terminal division of hypandrium, HTE = lateral extension of terminal division of hypandrium, PPA = apical process of paramere).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1122.86483.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/750146" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
|
Aedeagi of new
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ptychopteridae" genus="Ptychoptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychoptera" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Ptychoptera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">a</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. hekouensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hekouensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. hekouensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, dorsal view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">b</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. hekouensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hekouensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. hekouensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, lateral view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">c</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. hekouensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hekouensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. hekouensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, ventral view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">d</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. longa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. longa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, dorsal view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">e</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. longa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. longa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, lateral view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">f</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. longa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. longa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, ventral view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">g</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. xiaohuangshana" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaohuangshana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. xiaohuangshana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, dorsal view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">h</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. xiaohuangshana" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaohuangshana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. xiaohuangshana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, lateral view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">i</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. xiaohuangshana" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaohuangshana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. xiaohuangshana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm. (AEA = ejaculatory apodeme, AES = aedeagal sclerite, ALP = lateral ejaculatory process, AS = sperm sac, ASA = subapical sclerite of aedeagus).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Female.</emphasis>
|
|
Unknown.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-05-22" collectorName="T. Zhang" country="China" elevation="132" location="Nanxi Town" municipality="Hekou District" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan Province" typeStatus="holotype">
|
|
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
|
·
|
|
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
|
|
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Hekou District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F44654F232D45A11A80607D87D52E45A:F998023C4CB5893B6C627ADBFA6AF2CA" country="China" municipality="Hekou District" name="Nanxi Town" stateProvince="Yunnan Province">Nanxi Town</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" unit="m" value="132.0">
|
|
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" unit="m" value="132.0">132 m</elevation>
|
|
</quantity>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectingDate value="2009-05-22">22 May 2009</collectingDate>
|
|
;
|
|
<collectorName>T. Zhang</collectorName>
|
|
leg.; CAU
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
·
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="T. Zhang" country="China" elevation="132" location="Nanxi Town" municipality="Hekou District" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
|
|
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
|
|
<typeStatus>paratype</typeStatus>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
; same collection data as holotype; CAU
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">China (Yunnan).</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
|
|
Specific name
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kang, Gao & Zhang" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Ptychopteridae" genus="Ptychoptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychoptera hekouensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hekouensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Ptychoptera hekouensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(adjective, feminine) referring to the type locality, Hekou.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="159" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="159">
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This new species is similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. wangae" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wangae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. wangae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from China but can be separated from the latter by the scutellum mostly brownish black with middle area yellow, the 2nd tergum mostly brownish black with middle area yellow, the epandrial clasper with two papillary projections on inner side, and the medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus ear-shaped. In
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. wangae" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wangae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="159">P. wangae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the scutellum is uniformly yellow brown, the 2nd tergum is mostly yellow with posterior margin brown, the epandrial clasper does not have papillary projection on inner side, and the medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus is semicircular (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3682.4.5" author="Kang, ZH" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="159" pagination="541 - 555" refId="B7" refString="Kang, ZH, Yao, G, Yang, D, 2013. Five new species of Ptychoptera Meigen with a key to species from China (Diptera: Ptychopteridae). Zootaxa 3682 (4): 541 - 555, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3682.4.5" title="Five new species of Ptychoptera Meigen with a key to species from China (Diptera: Ptychopteridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3682.4.5" volume="3682" year="2013">Kang et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |