1662 lines
161 KiB
XML
1662 lines
161 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3663829" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e6439412-43e7-49c1-9852-ea900a5d7c31" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162054005" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3663829" approvalRequired="17" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="17" checkinTime="1581013293269" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Rapp-Py-Daniel, Lúcia, Oliveira, Andreza S., Bastos, Douglas A., Ito, Priscila Madoka M., Zuanon, Jansen & Briglia-Ferreira, Sylvio Romério" docDate="2019" docId="A9178793FF8DD8268CCBF913D2206C29" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.17.4.e190041.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology 17 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:85A40B78B715C4497F837D9D78407CE5.4:NeotropIchthyol.2003-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="85A40B78B715C4497F837D9D78407CE5" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2003-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Paralithoxus mocidade Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira 2019, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="552EFFEBFF8CD82F8F6EFFE1D6466F01" masterDocTitle="A new species of Paralithoxus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Ancistrini) from the highlands of Serra da Mocidade, Roraima State, Brazilian Amazon" masterLastPageNumber="13" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1635481656920" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:title>A new species of Paralithoxus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Ancistrini) from the highlands of Serra da Mocidade, Roraima State, Brazilian Amazon</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rapp-Py-Daniel, Lúcia</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Oliveira, Andreza S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bastos, Douglas A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
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||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ito, Priscila Madoka M.</mods:namePart>
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||
</mods:name>
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||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Zuanon, Jansen</mods:namePart>
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||
</mods:name>
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||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||
</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Briglia-Ferreira, Sylvio Romério</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
|
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2019-12-02</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>17</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>13</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1590/1982-0224-20190041</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">e6439412-43e7-49c1-9852-ea900a5d7c31</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1982-0224</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3650354</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">23DEDA83-A111-4866-A588-890DF12A3406</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3663829" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162054005" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3663829" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A9178793FF8DD8268CCBF913D2206C29" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A9178793FF8DD8268CCBF913D2206C29" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[933,1332,1778,1803]" box="[933,1332,1778,1803]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<heading bold="true" box="[933,1332,1778,1803]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[933,1332,1778,1803]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName authority="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira, 2019" authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[933,1187,1778,1802]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade" status="new species">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[933,1187,1778,1802]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1200,1332,1778,1803]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<uri pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid pageId="1" pageNumber="2">B5B7D3D6-F267-4ED5-A752- E5F64B461397</uuid>
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<subSubSection box="[1003,1260,1939,1964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[1003,1260,1939,1964]" box="[1003,1260,1939,1964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1003,1260,1939,1964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[1011,1114,1939,1963]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStartId-0="2.[136,175,1389,1413]" captionStartId-1="2.[136,176,1872,1896]" captionStartId-2="3.[129,168,1545,1569]" captionStartId-3="6.[136,175,874,898]" captionTargetBox-0="[252,1343,174,1379]" captionTargetBox-1="[136,775,1453,1856]" captionTargetBox-2="[207,1374,174,1529]" captionTargetBox-3="[268,1301,174,859]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[252,1343,174,1379]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[136,775,1453,1856]" captionTargetId-2="figure@3.[206,1374,174,1529]" captionTargetId-3="figure@6.[268,1326,174,859]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Paralithoxus mocidade, holotype, INPA 54745, female, 50.5 mm SL, in lateral, dorsal and ventral views." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Lateral view of Paralithoxus mocidade, paratype, INPA 52424, female, 49.5 mm SL. Photographed alive by Haroldo Palo Jr." captionText-2="Fig. 3. Paralithoxus mocidade, paratype, INPA 52424, male, 50.7 mm SL in lateral, dorsal, and ventral views." captionText-3="Fig. 4. Jaw teeth of Paralithoxus mocidade, INPA 52424, 55.2 mm SL. On the right, schematic representation of left mandibles." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650356" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650360" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650366" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650370" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3650356/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3650360/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3650366/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3650370/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation box="[1126,1167,1939,1963]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="9.[129,168,1394,1418]" captionStartId-1="9.[129,168,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox-0="[300,1283,845,1371]" captionTargetBox-1="[260,1318,1451,1886]" captionTargetId-0="figure@9.[261,1318,839,1378]" captionTargetId-1="figure@9.[253,1327,1447,1892]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="Fig. 8. Branchial apparatus of Paralithoxus mocidade, INPA 52424, 55.2 mm SL." captionText-1="Fig. 9. a. Pectoral (dorsal view), with arrows for the cleithra processes, and b. pelvic (ventral view) of Paralithoxus mocidade, INPA 52424, 55.2 mm SL." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650386" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650390" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3650386/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3650390/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">8–9</figureCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1181,1251,1939,1964]" captionStart="Tab" captionStartId="4.[136,181,856,880]" captionTargetBox="[143,1384,896,1943]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Tab. 1. Morphometrics, meristics and ratios of Paralithoxus mocidade." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/75C1660DFF88D82B8FE6FCB9D5396C6E" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" tableUuid="75C1660DFF88D82B8FE6FCB9D5396C6E">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
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)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650356" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3650356" box="[136,1333,1389,1413]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650356/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" startId="2.[136,175,1389,1413]" targetBox="[252,1343,174,1379]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1333,1389,1413]" box="[136,1333,1389,1413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,206,1389,1413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[213,462,1389,1413]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[213,462,1389,1413]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype, INPA 54745, female, 50.5 mm SL, in lateral, dorsal and ventral views.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564204008" collectingDate="2016-01-29" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="da Mocidade & D. A. Bastos & J. Zuanon & P. M. M. Ito & S. R. Briglia-Ferreira." country="Brazil" county="Caracarai Municipality" latitude="1.714639" location="Branco River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.8049" municipality="Ajarani River" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="INPA 54745" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Roraima" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[820,931,1456,1480]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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||
<typeStatus box="[820,926,1456,1480]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode box="[936,1070,1456,1480]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">INPA 54745</specimenCode>
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,
|
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<quantity box="[1080,1173,1456,1480]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.05" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="50.5">50.5 mm</quantity>
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SL,
|
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<collectingCountry box="[1224,1292,1456,1480]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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,
|
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<collectingRegion box="[1301,1455,1456,1480]" country="Brazil" name="Roraima" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Roraima State</collectingRegion>
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,
|
||
<collectingCounty box="[820,1072,1488,1512]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Caracaraí Municipality</collectingCounty>
|
||
, stream tributary to
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[1303,1455,1488,1512]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ajarani River</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A9178793FF8DD8268CCBF913D2206C29:2461605EFF8ED82D8C5AFA11D5816909" box="[820,967,1520,1544]" country="Brazil" county="Caracarai Municipality" latitude="1.714639" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.8049" municipality="Ajarani River" name="Branco River" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Roraima">Branco River</location>
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basin, upstream of large waterfall,
|
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A9178793FF8DD8268CCBF913D2206C29:2461605EFF8ED82D8A39FA11D5E76929" country="Brazil" county="Caracarai Municipality" latitude="1.714639" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.8049" municipality="Ajarani River" name="Serra da Mocidade" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Roraima">
|
||
Serra
|
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<collectorName pageId="2" pageNumber="3">da Mocidade</collectorName>
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</location>
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,
|
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<geoCoordinate box="[940,1104,1552,1576]" degrees="01" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" seconds="52.70" value="1.714639">01°42’52.70”N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate box="[1111,1281,1552,1576]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" seconds="17.64" value="-61.8049">61°48’17.64”W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date box="[1291,1422,1552,1576]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2016-01-29">
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<collectingDate box="[1291,1422,1552,1576]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2016-01-29">29 Jan 2016</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName pageId="2" pageNumber="3">D. A. Bastos</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName box="[935,1042,1584,1607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">J. Zuanon</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName box="[1052,1178,1584,1607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. M. M. Ito</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName box="[1228,1460,1584,1608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">S. R. Briglia-Ferreira.</collectorName>
|
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</materialsCitation>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph blockId="2.[820,1459,1648,1960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564204005" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" county="All" location="Ajarani River" municipality="Caracarai Municipality." pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="INPA 52422, 17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Roraima" typeStatus="paratype">
|
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[820,939,1648,1672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
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<typeStatus box="[820,934,1648,1672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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.
|
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</emphasis>
|
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<collectingCounty box="[958,991,1648,1672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">All</collectingCounty>
|
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from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1081,1147,1648,1672]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1171,1335,1648,1672]" country="Brazil" name="Roraima" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Roraima State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Caracaraí Municipality.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<specimenCode box="[971,1108,1680,1704]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">INPA 52422</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1123,1151,1680,1704]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">17</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
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<quantity box="[1167,1324,1680,1704]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.39" metricValueMax="4.72" metricValueMin="2.06" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="33.9" valueMax="47.2" valueMin="20.6">20.6–47.2 mm</quantity>
|
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SL (1 c&s,
|
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<quantity box="[820,913,1712,1736]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.72" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="47.2">47.2 mm</quantity>
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SL), stream tributary to
|
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A9178793FF8DD8268CCBF913D2206C29:2461605EFF8ED82D8BE0F951D35B69C9" box="[1166,1309,1712,1736]" country="Brazil" county="All" municipality="Caracarai Municipality." name="Ajarani River" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Roraima">Ajarani River</location>
|
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,
|
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A9178793FF8DD8268CCBF913D2206C29:2461605EFF8ED82D8A49F950D3F569C9" box="[1319,1459,1712,1736]" country="Brazil" county="All" municipality="Caracarai Municipality." name="Branco River" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Roraima">Branco River</location>
|
||
basin, downstream of large waterfall,
|
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A9178793FF8DD8268CCBF913D2206C29:2461605EFF8ED82D8BB5F931D3E969E9" box="[1243,1455,1744,1768]" country="Brazil" county="All" municipality="Caracarai Municipality." name="Serra da Mocidade" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Roraima">Serra da Mocidade</location>
|
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,
|
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<geoCoordinate box="[820,981,1776,1800]" degrees="01" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" seconds="50.26" value="1.7139611">01°42’50.26”N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate box="[986,1153,1776,1800]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" seconds="18.65" value="-61.80518">61°48’18.65”W</geoCoordinate>
|
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,
|
||
<date box="[1163,1290,1776,1800]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2016-01-29">29 Jan 2016</date>
|
||
, D. A. Bastos, J. Zuanon, P. M. M. Ito and S. R. Briglia-Ferreira
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564204006" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="INPA 52424, 17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Roraima" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1323,1455,1808,1832]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">INPA 52424</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode box="[820,846,1840,1864]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">17</specimenCode>
|
||
, 15.0–
|
||
<quantity box="[920,1014,1840,1864]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.47" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="54.7">54.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL (1 c&s,
|
||
<quantity box="[1147,1241,1840,1864]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.47" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="54.7">54.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL, 16 alc.)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564204001" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="MNRJ 51531, 2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Roraima" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">MNRJ 51531</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode box="[898,913,1872,1896]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2</specimenCode>
|
||
, 23.0–26.0 mm SL
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564204004" collectionCode="MPEG" country="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="MPEG 38600, 2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Roraima" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1124,1272,1872,1896]" collectionCode="MPEG" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/90vz-swjg" name="Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">MPEG 38600</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1282,1297,1872,1896]" collectionCode="MPEG" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/90vz-swjg" name="Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2</specimenCode>
|
||
, 27.0–30.0 mm SL
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564204007" box="[864,1266,1904,1928]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="MZUSP 125192, 2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Roraima" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode box="[864,1038,1904,1928]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">MZUSP 125192</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1048,1063,1904,1928]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2</specimenCode>
|
||
, 25.0–28.0 mm SL
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564204002" collectingDate="2016-01-29" collectionCode="ANSP" collectorName="da Mocidade & D. A. Bastos & J. Zuanon & P. M. M. Ito & S. R. Briglia-Ferreira." country="Brazil" county="Caracarai Municipality" latitude="1.714639" location="Branco River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-61.8049" municipality="Ajarani River" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="ANSP 206987, 2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Roraima" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1275,1429,1904,1928]" collectionCode="ANSP" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">ANSP 206987</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1439,1454,1904,1928]" collectionCode="ANSP" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2</specimenCode>
|
||
, 26.0–33.0 mm SL, all collected with holotype
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650360" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3650360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650360/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" startId="2.[136,176,1872,1896]" targetBox="[136,775,1453,1856]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,775,1872,1960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,211,1872,1896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[402,658,1872,1896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[402,658,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, paratype, INPA 52424, female, 49.5 mm SL. Photographed alive by Haroldo Palo Jr.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650366" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3650366" box="[129,1302,1545,1570]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650366/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[129,168,1545,1569]" targetBox="[207,1374,174,1529]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,1302,1545,1570]" box="[129,1302,1545,1570]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,192,1545,1569]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[206,454,1545,1569]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[206,454,1545,1569]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, paratype, INPA 52424, male, 50.7 mm SL in lateral, dorsal, and ventral views.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,767,1614,1671]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,251,1615,1639]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Non-types.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564204003" collectionCode="INPA" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="INPA 59028, 14, 13.8" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode box="[261,398,1614,1639]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">INPA 59028</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode box="[412,438,1615,1639]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">14</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode box="[455,501,1615,1639]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">13.8</specimenCode>
|
||
–19.0 mm SL, collected with the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[222,315,1647,1671]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[128,768,1711,1959]" lastBlockId="3.[813,1452,1615,1959]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,245,1711,1735]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[272,540,1711,1735]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[272,540,1711,1735]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all congeners, except
|
||
<emphasis box="[344,468,1743,1767]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Regan" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[344,463,1743,1767]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">P. bovallii</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by having truncate teeth (
|
||
<emphasis box="[137,167,1776,1799]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
pointed to acute teeth). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Regan" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[617,729,1775,1799]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[617,729,1775,1799]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the truncate caudal fin (
|
||
<emphasis box="[392,414,1808,1831]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. caudal-fin forked). Adittionaly,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[128,272,1839,1863]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[128,272,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[451,670,1839,1863]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidimaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[451,670,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. pallidimaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="surinamensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. surinamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of adipose fin (
|
||
<emphasis box="[629,658,1872,1895]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
absence). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Boeseman" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[286,433,1903,1927]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planquettei">
|
||
<emphasis box="[286,433,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. planquettei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[485,574,1903,1927]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stocki">
|
||
<emphasis box="[485,574,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. stocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a more depressed and elongate body: body depth 10–13.9% of SL (
|
||
<emphasis box="[821,843,1616,1639]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. 15.3–16.8% in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Boeseman" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[1039,1192,1615,1639]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planquettei">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1039,1192,1615,1639]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. planquettei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 15.7–16.9% in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stocki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. stocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and body width at dorsal fin 19.3–23.0% of SL (
|
||
<emphasis box="[1422,1444,1648,1671]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. 23.3–26.5% in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Boeseman" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[978,1126,1679,1703]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planquettei">
|
||
<emphasis box="[978,1126,1679,1703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. planquettei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 24.2–25.1% in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1345,1435,1679,1703]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stocki">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1345,1435,1679,1703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. stocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[873,948,1712,1735]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raso">
|
||
<emphasis box="[873,948,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. raso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the larger interorbital distance, 28.8–33 % of HL (
|
||
<emphasis box="[900,922,1744,1767]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. 27.1–28.6%) and larger dentaries 5.9–9.3% of HL (
|
||
<emphasis box="[867,889,1776,1799]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. 4.4–5.3%); from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1098,1190,1775,1799]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stocki">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1098,1190,1775,1799]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. stocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Muller, Isbrucker" authorityYear="1993" box="[1250,1371,1775,1799]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boujardi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1250,1371,1775,1799]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. boujardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the caudal fin conspicuously mottled, with alternating dark and light blotches (
|
||
<emphasis box="[970,992,1840,1863]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. caudal fin dark with clear distal band); and from
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Silva, Covain, Oliveira & Roxo" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[874,996,1872,1895]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jariensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[874,996,1872,1895]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. jariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having seven to eight plates between dorsal and adipose fins (
|
||
<emphasis box="[1078,1100,1904,1927]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. four) and 24–26 lateral median plates (
|
||
<emphasis box="[890,912,1936,1959]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. 23–24).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,776,176,808]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,277,176,200]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometrics and counts in
|
||
<tableCitation box="[624,696,176,200]" captionStart="Tab" captionStartId="4.[136,181,856,880]" captionTargetBox="[143,1384,896,1943]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Tab. 1. Morphometrics, meristics and ratios of Paralithoxus mocidade." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/75C1660DFF88D82B8FE6FCB9D5396C6E" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" tableUuid="75C1660DFF88D82B8FE6FCB9D5396C6E">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. Small species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kner" authorityYear="1853" box="[253,413,208,232]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hypostominae">Hypostominae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, largest specimen examined
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.47" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="54.7">54.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL. Body very depressed and short. In lateral view, dorsal profile slightly convex from snout to dorsal-fin origin, descending almost straight to dorsal procurrent rays of caudal fin. Greatest body width at pectoral-fin origin; body of similar width between posterior base of pectoral fin and origin of pelvic fin, slightly narrowing from this point towards caudal-fin base. Caudal peduncle trapezoid in cross section. Ventral profile straight from snout to caudal-fin origin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,776,176,808]" lastBlockId="4.[820,1460,176,808]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Head short, depressed and rounded in dorsal view. Snout tip hispid, completely covered by plates. Eye moderately small, dorsally positioned; interorbital region narrow and flat. Cheek plates with up to 20 hypertrophied odontodes. Parieto-supraoccipital large, hexagonal, with process posteriorly bordered by four plates. Predorsal area with three pairs of plates, misplaced in some specimens. Nuchal plate half-moon shaped; small but conspicuous. Seven to eight plates between dorsal and adipose fins. Body almost completely plated; abdomen naked. Body plates arranged in four longitudinal series anteriorly, five series between dorsal and anal fin, and five series on caudal peduncle. All plates covered by odontodes of similar size without carinae, except for two low keels on dorsal plates between dorsal and adipose fins. Ventral series of plates largely smooth, showing large median area without odontodes, except on nuptial male. Seven plates along dorsal- fin base; low preadipose plate. Median series with 24–26 plates not carinate; mid-ventral series not forming prominent keel. First anal-fin pterygiophore exposed, located anterior to anal-fin origin.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[820,1460,176,808]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Oral disc large, nearly circular. Mouth opening U-shaped, wider than long. Oral internal papillae absent. Maxillary barbel very short, projected anteriorly from oral disc. Lips well developed. Whole border of oral disc covered with large round papillae. Surface of upper and lower lips covered by round papillae not densely packed. Lip surface with shallow notches mostly without papillae distributed at top of premaxillae, around dentaries and on midline on lower lip.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="75C1660DFF88D82B8FE6FCB9D5396C6E" box="[136,895,855,880]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/75C1660DFF88D82B8FE6FCB9D5396C6E" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[143,1384,896,1943]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,895,855,880]" box="[136,895,855,880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,213,855,880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Tab. 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometrics, meristics and ratios of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[640,889,856,880]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[640,889,856,880]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<table box="[143,1384,896,1943]" colsContinueIn="5.[135,1377,214,1472]" gridcols="6" gridrows="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,896,916]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th box="[572,651,896,916]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Holotype</th>
|
||
<th box="[745,851,896,916]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Mean (N=7)</th>
|
||
<th box="[973,1001,896,916]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">SD</th>
|
||
<th box="[1152,1200,896,916]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Min</th>
|
||
<th box="[1345,1384,896,916]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Max</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,926,946]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,926,946]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Standard length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,926,946]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">50.49</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,926,946]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">38.35</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,926,946]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">55.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,957,976]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,1384,957,976]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Percents in standard length</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,987,1007]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,987,1007]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Predorsal length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,987,1007]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">44.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,987,1007]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">44.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,987,1007]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,987,1007]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">42.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,987,1007]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">48.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1017,1036]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1017,1036]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Head length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1017,1036]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">34.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1017,1036]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">34.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1017,1036]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1017,1036]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">32.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1017,1036]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">36.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1048,1067]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1048,1067]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Head depth</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1048,1067]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">14.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1048,1067]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">12.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1048,1067]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1048,1067]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1048,1067]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">14.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1078,1097]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1078,1097]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Head width</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1078,1097]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">30.7</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1078,1097]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">30.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1078,1097]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1078,1097]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">27.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1078,1097]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">32.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1108,1127]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1108,1127]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Body depth at dorsal fin origin</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1108,1127]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">13.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1108,1127]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">11.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1108,1127]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1108,1127]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1108,1127]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">13.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1138,1158]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1138,1158]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Body width at dorsal origin</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1138,1158]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">23.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1138,1158]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">20.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1138,1158]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.7</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1138,1158]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">19.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1138,1158]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">23.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1168,1188]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1168,1188]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Body width at anal origin</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1168,1188]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">15.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1168,1188]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">12.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1168,1188]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1168,1188]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1168,1188]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">15.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1199,1218]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1199,1218]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Snout length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1199,1218]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">17.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1199,1218]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">18.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1199,1218]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1199,1218]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">17.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1199,1218]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">20.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1229,1248]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1229,1248]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Orbit diameter</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1229,1248]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1229,1248]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1229,1248]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1229,1248]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1229,1248]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">4.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1259,1278]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1259,1278]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Interorbital width</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1259,1278]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1259,1278]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10.7</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1259,1278]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1259,1278]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1259,1278]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">11.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1289,1309]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1289,1309]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Dorsal-fin base length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1289,1309]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">20.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1289,1309]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">18.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1289,1309]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1289,1309]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">15.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1289,1309]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">21.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1320,1339]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1320,1339]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Interdorsal distance</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1320,1339]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">23.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1320,1339]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">22.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1320,1339]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1320,1339]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">18.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1320,1339]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">24.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1350,1369]" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1350,1369]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Caudal peduncle length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1350,1369]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">25.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1350,1369]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">25.7</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1350,1369]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1350,1369]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">24.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1350,1369]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">27.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1380,1399]" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1380,1399]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Caudal peduncle depth</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1380,1399]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">7.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1380,1399]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">7.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1380,1399]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1380,1399]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">7.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1380,1399]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">8.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1410,1429]" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1410,1429]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Dorsal-fin spine length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1410,1429]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">21.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1410,1429]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">22.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1410,1429]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1410,1429]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">20.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1410,1429]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">24.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1440,1460]" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1440,1460]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pectoral-fin spine length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1440,1460]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">27.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1440,1460]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">25.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1440,1460]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1440,1460]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">23.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1440,1460]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">28.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1471,1490]" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1471,1490]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pelvic-fin spine length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1471,1490]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">27.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1471,1490]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">27.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1471,1490]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1471,1490]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">25.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1471,1490]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">30.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1501,1520]" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1501,1520]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Anal-fin first ray length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1501,1520]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">11.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1501,1520]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">9.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1501,1520]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1501,1520]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">7.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1501,1520]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">13.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1531,1550]" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1531,1550]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Adipose-fin spine length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1531,1550]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">7.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1531,1550]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">6.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1531,1550]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1531,1550]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">4.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1531,1550]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">8.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1561,1581]" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1561,1581]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Lower lip width</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1561,1581]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">25.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1561,1581]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">25.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1561,1581]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1561,1581]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">23.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1561,1581]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">27.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1592,1611]" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1592,1611]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Lower lip length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1592,1611]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1592,1611]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1592,1611]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.7</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1592,1611]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">9.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1592,1611]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">11.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1622,1641]" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1622,1641]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Dentary length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1622,1641]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1622,1641]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1622,1641]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1622,1641]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1622,1641]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1652,1671]" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1652,1671]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Premaxillary length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1652,1671]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.7</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1652,1671]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1652,1671]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1652,1671]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1652,1671]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1682,1702]" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,1384,1682,1702]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Percents in head length</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1713,1732]" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1713,1732]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Head depth</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1713,1732]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">40.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1713,1732]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">35.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1713,1732]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1713,1732]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">30.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1713,1732]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">40.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1743,1762]" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1743,1762]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Head width</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1743,1762]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">89.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1743,1762]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">88.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1743,1762]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">4.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1743,1762]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">80.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1743,1762]" gridcol="5" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">96.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1773,1792]" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1773,1792]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Interorbital</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1773,1792]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">30.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1773,1792]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">31.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1773,1792]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1773,1792]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">28.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1773,1792]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">33.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1803,1822]" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1803,1822]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Orbit diameter</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1803,1822]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1803,1822]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">11.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1803,1822]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1803,1822]" gridcol="4" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">9.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1803,1822]" gridcol="5" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">12.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1833,1853]" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1833,1853]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pectoral length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1833,1853]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">80.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1833,1853]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">74.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1833,1853]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">5.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1833,1853]" gridcol="4" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">66.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1833,1853]" gridcol="5" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">84.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1864,1883]" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1864,1883]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pelvic length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1864,1883]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">78.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1864,1883]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">81.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1864,1883]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">5.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1864,1883]" gridcol="4" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">74.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1864,1883]" gridcol="5" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">93.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1894,1913]" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1894,1913]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Snout length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1894,1913]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">52.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1894,1913]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">53.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1894,1913]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1894,1913]" gridcol="4" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">51.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1894,1913]" gridcol="5" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">56.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[143,1384,1924,1943]" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th box="[143,405,1924,1943]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Premaxillary length</th>
|
||
<td box="[572,651,1924,1943]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">7.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[745,851,1924,1943]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">7.7</td>
|
||
<td box="[973,1001,1924,1943]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1152,1200,1924,1943]" gridcol="4" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">6.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1345,1384,1924,1943]" gridcol="5" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">9.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption box="[129,341,176,201]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[135,1377,214,1472]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[129,341,176,201]" box="[129,341,176,201]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,205,176,201]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tab. 1.</emphasis>
|
||
(Continued)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<table box="[135,1377,214,1472]" colsContinueFrom="4.[143,1384,896,1943]" gridcols="6" gridrows="42" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,214,233]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th box="[564,643,214,233]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Holotype</th>
|
||
<th box="[737,843,214,233]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mean (N=7)</th>
|
||
<th box="[961,997,214,233]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">SD</th>
|
||
<th box="[1149,1188,214,233]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Min</th>
|
||
<th box="[1337,1377,214,233]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Max</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,244,263]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,244,263]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Dentary length</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,244,263]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,244,263]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,244,263]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,244,263]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,244,263]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">9.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,274,293]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,1377,274,293]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Percents in interorbital</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,304,324]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,304,324]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Dentary length</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,304,324]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">24.7</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,304,324]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">24.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,304,324]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,304,324]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">20.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,304,324]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">28.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,334,354]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,1377,334,354]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Percents in caudal peduncle length</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,365,384]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,365,384]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Caudal peduncle depth</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,365,384]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">29.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,365,384]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">30.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,365,384]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,365,384]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">27.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,365,384]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">33.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,395,414]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,395,414]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Meristics</th>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,395,414]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mode</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,395,414]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Min</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,395,414]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Max</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,425,445]" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,425,445]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mid-ventral plates</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,425,445]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">26</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,425,445]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">26</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,425,445]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">24</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,425,445]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">26</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,455,475]" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,455,475]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Predorsal plates</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,455,475]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,455,475]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,455,475]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,455,475]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,486,505]" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,486,505]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Plates limiting supraoccipital</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,486,505]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,486,505]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,486,505]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,486,505]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,516,535]" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,516,535]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Plates between dorsal - adipose</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,516,535]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,516,535]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,516,535]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,516,535]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,546,566]" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,546,566]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Plates between adipose - caudal</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,546,566]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,546,566]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,546,566]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,546,566]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,576,596]" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,576,596]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Procurrent plates caudal-fin superior lobe</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,576,596]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,576,596]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,576,596]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,576,596]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,607,626]" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,607,626]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Plates between anal - caudal</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,607,626]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">11</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,607,626]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">11</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,607,626]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,607,626]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">11</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,637,656]" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,637,656]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Procurrent plates caudal-fin inferior lobe</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,637,656]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,637,656]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,637,656]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,637,656]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,667,686]" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,667,686]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Plates at base of dorsal fin</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,667,686]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,667,686]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,667,686]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,667,686]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,697,717]" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,697,717]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Plates at base of anal fin</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,697,717]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,697,717]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,697,717]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,697,717]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,727,747]" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,727,747]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hemiseries premaxilar teeth</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,727,747]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,727,747]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,727,747]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,727,747]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,757,777]" gridrow="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,757,777]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hemiseries dentary teeth</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,757,777]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,757,777]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,757,777]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,757,777]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,788,807]" gridrow="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,788,807]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ratios of standard length</th>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,788,807]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mean</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,788,807]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">SD</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,788,807]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Min</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,788,807]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Max</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,818,838]" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,818,838]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Head length</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,818,838]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,818,838]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,818,838]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,818,838]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,818,838]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,848,868]" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,848,868]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Head width</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,848,868]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,848,868]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,848,868]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,848,868]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,848,868]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,879,898]" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,879,898]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Predorsal</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,879,898]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,879,898]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,879,898]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,879,898]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,879,898]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,909,928]" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,909,928]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Dorsal-fin base length</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,909,928]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,909,928]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,909,928]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,909,928]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4.7</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,909,928]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,939,958]" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,939,958]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Body depth</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,939,958]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,939,958]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">8.7</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,939,958]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,939,958]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,939,958]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,969,988]" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,969,988]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Caudal ped.depth</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,969,988]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">13.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,969,988]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">12.7</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,969,988]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,969,988]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">11.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,969,988]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">14.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1000,1019]" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1000,1019]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Caudal ped. length</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1000,1019]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1000,1019]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1000,1019]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1000,1019]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1000,1019]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1030,1049]" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1030,1049]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pectoral length</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1030,1049]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1030,1049]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1030,1049]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1030,1049]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1030,1049]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1060,1079]" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1060,1079]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pelvic length</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1060,1079]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.7</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1060,1079]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1060,1079]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1060,1079]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1060,1079]" gridcol="5" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1090,1110]" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1090,1110]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Body width at dorsal</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1090,1110]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1090,1110]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1090,1110]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1090,1110]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1090,1110]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1120,1140]" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1120,1140]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Body width at anal</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1120,1140]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1120,1140]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">8.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1120,1140]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1120,1140]" gridcol="4" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1120,1140]" gridcol="5" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">9.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1151,1170]" gridrow="31" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,1377,1151,1170]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<tableNote box="[136,317,1151,1170]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[135,1375,1181,1472]" targetPageId="5">Ratios of head length</tableNote>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1181,1200]" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1181,1200]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Head depth</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1181,1200]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1181,1200]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1181,1200]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1181,1200]" gridcol="4" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1181,1200]" gridcol="5" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1211,1230]" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1211,1230]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Head width</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1211,1230]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1211,1230]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1211,1230]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1211,1230]" gridcol="4" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1211,1230]" gridcol="5" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1241,1261]" gridrow="34" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1241,1261]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Interorbital</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1241,1261]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1241,1261]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1241,1261]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1241,1261]" gridcol="4" gridrow="34" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1241,1261]" gridcol="5" gridrow="34" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1272,1291]" gridrow="35" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1272,1291]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Orbit diameter</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1272,1291]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">9.7</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1272,1291]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">9.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1272,1291]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1272,1291]" gridcol="4" gridrow="35" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">8.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1272,1291]" gridcol="5" gridrow="35" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1302,1321]" gridrow="36" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1302,1321]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pectoral length</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1302,1321]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1302,1321]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1302,1321]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1302,1321]" gridcol="4" gridrow="36" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1302,1321]" gridcol="5" gridrow="36" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1332,1351]" gridrow="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1332,1351]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pelvic length</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1332,1351]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.3</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1332,1351]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1332,1351]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1332,1351]" gridcol="4" gridrow="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1332,1351]" gridcol="5" gridrow="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1362,1381]" gridrow="38" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1362,1381]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Snout length</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1362,1381]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1362,1381]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1362,1381]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1362,1381]" gridcol="4" gridrow="38" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1362,1381]" gridcol="5" gridrow="38" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1393,1412]" gridrow="39" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1393,1412]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Interorbital/dentary length</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1393,1412]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1393,1412]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1393,1412]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1393,1412]" gridcol="4" gridrow="39" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1393,1412]" gridcol="5" gridrow="39" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1423,1442]" gridrow="40" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1423,1442]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Caudal ped. length/ Caudal ped depth</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1423,1442]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1423,1442]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1423,1442]" gridcol="3" gridrow="40" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.4</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1423,1442]" gridcol="4" gridrow="40" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1423,1442]" gridcol="5" gridrow="40" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[135,1377,1453,1472]" gridrow="41" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th box="[135,489,1453,1472]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pectoral-fin spine Length/pelvic length</th>
|
||
<td box="[564,643,1453,1472]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.0</td>
|
||
<td box="[737,843,1453,1472]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.9</td>
|
||
<td box="[961,997,1453,1472]" gridcol="3" gridrow="41" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[1149,1188,1453,1472]" gridcol="4" gridrow="41" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">0.8</td>
|
||
<td box="[1337,1377,1453,1472]" gridcol="5" gridrow="41" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[129,768,1522,1962]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Teeth bicuspid; crown yellow and shaft translucent (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[136,207,1554,1578]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[136,175,874,898]" captionTargetBox="[268,1301,174,859]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[268,1326,174,859]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 4. Jaw teeth of Paralithoxus mocidade, INPA 52424, 55.2 mm SL. On the right, schematic representation of left mandibles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650370/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Premaxillary teeth much larger than mandibular teeth, arranged in crescent from lateral to mesial. Cusps of premaxillary teeth asymmetrical; larger cusp with straight border, truncate; internal cusp slightly larger. Dentary teeth extremely delicate, bifurcate; cusps small, worn to similar size. Premaxilla with 5–6 and dentary with up to 8 teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[129,768,1522,1962]" lastBlockId="5.[813,1452,1522,1962]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Dorsal fin II,7, branched rays decreasing in length posteriorly; last branched ray 1/3 shorter than dorsal-fin spine. Spinelet reduced, locking mechanism not functional and with small area exposed, covered by odontodes. Pectoral fin I,6; distal tip of branched rays not surpassing insertion of pelvic fin when adpressed. Pectoral-fin spine robust, flat and slightly curved inward; spine of equal size of first branched ray. Pectoral-fin spine distal region covered with hypertrophied odontodes, mainly in mature males. Adipose fin low but conspicuous, with small membranous extension posteriorly. Pelvic fin i,5, distal tip of branched rays surpassing insertion of anal fin when adpressed. First pelvic unbranched ray leaf-like, enlarged medially; whole ray flat and covered by odontodes (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1117,1200,1714,1738]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[129,168,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[260,1318,1451,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[253,1327,1447,1892]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 9. a. Pectoral (dorsal view), with arrows for the cleithra processes, and b. pelvic (ventral view) of Paralithoxus mocidade, INPA 52424, 55.2 mm SL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650390/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 9b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pelvic fin larger than pectoral fin in majority of specimens; ratio between pectoral/ pelvic length with mean of 0.9 and standard deviation of 0.1. Anal fin ii,4, i,4 or i,5, branched rays coequal in length. Caudal fin i,14,i; seven branched rays on each lobe. Caudal fin almost truncate; principal rays mostly coequal in length, with lower rays slightly longer than upper lobe; all rays with small odontodes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650370" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3650370" box="[136,1460,874,899]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650370/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[136,175,874,898]" targetBox="[268,1301,174,859]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,1460,874,899]" box="[136,1460,874,899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,204,874,898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Jaw teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[337,584,874,898]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[337,584,874,898]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, INPA 52424, 55.2 mm SL. On the right, schematic representation of left mandibles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,776,946,1226]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,327,946,970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Color in alcohol.</emphasis>
|
||
Body with dark olive-brown background with irregular light blotches; blotches slightly smaller and more densely organized on head than on trunk and fins. Four inconspicuous large transverse light bars on body: first on dorsal-fin origin, second large bar on posterior dorsalfin base, third anterior to adipose, and fourth on base of caudal fin. Ventral surface of body uniformly cream to beige colored. All fins with checkered pattern, alternating large dark blotches with clear ones.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,775,1266,1482]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,294,1266,1290]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Color in life.</emphasis>
|
||
Very similar to preserved coloration, but with overall body color dark olive-brown on dorsum with light green spots on snout and cheek (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[555,623,1330,1355]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,176,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox="[136,775,1453,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[136,775,1453,1856]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Lateral view of Paralithoxus mocidade, paratype, INPA 52424, female, 49.5 mm SL. Photographed alive by Haroldo Palo Jr." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650360/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
); thin creamy to light green vermiculations over interorbital area and posterior portion of head; clear marks on anterior portion of dorsum becoming larger and more irregular towards caudal peduncle. Ventral side of body uniformly beige.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,776,1523,1963]" lastBlockId="6.[820,1459,946,1002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,383,1523,1547]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
|
||
Urogenital papilla small, but conspicuous on all specimens. The only externally mature male specimen was dissected and had a more melanic coloration, darkened on body and lips, losing bars and blotches along body and fins; dorsal, pectoral and pelvic fins with branched rays darkened showing light bar close to tip; caudal fin uniformly dark (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[351,418,1715,1739]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[129,168,1545,1569]" captionTargetBox="[207,1374,174,1529]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[206,1374,174,1529]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Paralithoxus mocidade, paratype, INPA 52424, male, 50.7 mm SL in lateral, dorsal, and ventral views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650366/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Male with odontodes on cheek plates and pectoral fin more hypertrophied than on females. Mature male with fins more developed than females: pectoral spine large, strong, bearing more developed odontodes on distal half; first pelvic-fin unbranched ray strong, rounded for entire length and enlarged medially; branched rays on pelvic fin conspicuously longer than unbranched ray. Male has caudal peduncle covered with odontodes, except around anal fin, whereas females and juveniles present caudal peduncle ventrally smooth, without aligned odontodes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1459,1042,1515]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[820,1296,1042,1067]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Geographic distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has only been recorded from an unnamed tributary of the Ajarani River, in the area of Serra da Mocidade, Branco River basin, Caracaraí Municipality,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1224,1379,1138,1163]" country="Brazil" name="Roraima" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Roraima State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1395,1459,1138,1162]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[828,890,1170,1194]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[129,168,768,792]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,176,742]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[185,1394,174,753]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Distribution of all type-material of Lithoxini in northern South America (ranges not included) and detail of Serra da Mocidade, Roraima, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650376/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). All specimens were collected up and downstream of a 20-m high waterfall located at approximately
|
||
<quantity box="[1288,1352,1203,1227]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation. The Ajarani River at the collection site is a small fast-flowing river (up to
|
||
<quantity box="[951,1006,1266,1290]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
||
width and
|
||
<quantity box="[1130,1172,1267,1291]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
|
||
depth, as measured in dry season) with clear water, low temperature (about 21.7 ºC), acidic (pH 5.5), dissolved oxygen (DO) 20.7%, and smooth rocks on the bottom (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1048,1113,1362,1386]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[129,166,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox="[129,768,867,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[129,768,866,1856]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 6. Type-locality of Paralithoxus mocidade in Ajarani River, tributary of the Branco River basin, located immediately downstream of a large waterfall. Photo by Marcos Amend." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650382/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). During the day, juveniles were observed grazing in the open over smooth rocks, and adults were found in narrow cracks or under rock slabs during the night. Juveniles were captured with hand-nets and adults were collected by hand while snorkeling (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1199,1262,1490,1515]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[813,852,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[813,1452,866,1564]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[813,1452,866,1564]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 7. Hand collecting (a) specimens of Paralithoxus mocidade from a (b) narrow crevice in a rock slab during snorkelling." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650378/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1460,1555,1643]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[820,954,1555,1579]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet “mocidade” is in allusion to the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[892,940,1587,1611]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, in Serra da Mocidade National Park. A noum in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1459,1683,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[820,1063,1683,1708]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[1078,1336,1683,1707]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1078,1336,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[992,1038,1716,1740]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in a geographically isolated river system, which could generate concerns about its conservation status. However, the inaccessibility of the area and the fact that nearly two-thirds of the area of Serra da Mocidade are formally protected by the Serra da Mocidade National Park and Yanomami Indigenous Territory indicate that there are no imminent threats to the species, which can be categorized as Least Concern (LC) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN Standards" box="[1238,1376,1940,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref8950" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. 2017. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 13. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Availabe from http: // cmsdocs. s 3. amazonaws. com / RedListGuidelines. pdf" type="book" year="2017">IUCN, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650376" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3650376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650376/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[129,168,768,792]" targetBox="[193,1392,176,742]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[129,1451,768,824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,199,768,793]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of all type-material of Lithoxini in northern South America (ranges not included) and detail of Serra da Mocidade, Roraima, Brazil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650378" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3650378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650378/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[813,852,1579,1603]" targetBox="[813,1452,866,1564]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[813,1452,1579,1667]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[813,892,1579,1604]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Hand collecting (a) specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a (b) narrow crevice in a rock slab during snorkelling.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[813,1452,1711,1960]" lastBlockId="8.[136,776,176,1960]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[813,1045,1711,1736]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Taxonomic remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[1050,1297,1712,1736]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1050,1297,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Regan" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[1345,1451,1712,1736]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1345,1451,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were recorded from the Branco River basin:
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Regan" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[1286,1393,1744,1768]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1286,1393,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Takutu (Branco)-
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1037,1150,1776,1800]" name="Guyana" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Essequibo</collectingCountry>
|
||
drainages and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[1319,1452,1776,1800]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1319,1452,1776,1800]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Ajarani River. Recent collections in the upper Ireng River by N. K. Lujan and J. W. Armbruster produced new specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Regan" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[971,1084,1872,1896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[971,1084,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the type-locality, as listed in the redescription of the species by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lujan NK & Armbruster JW & Lovejoy NR" box="[1234,1448,1904,1928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1169 - 86" refId="ref9190" refString="Lujan NK, Armbruster JW, Lovejoy NR. Multilocus phylogeny, diagnosis and generic revision of the Guiana Shield endemic suckermouth armoured catfish tribe Lithoxini (loricariidae: Hypostominae). J Linn Soc London, Zool. 2018; 184 (4): 1169 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zly 025" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Lujan
|
||
<emphasis box="[1307,1364,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Based on this and the original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Regan CT" box="[1264,1403,1936,1960]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="94 - 98" refId="ref9412" refString="Regan CT. Notes on some loricariid fishes, with descriptions of two new species. Ann Mag Nat Hist (Ser. 7). 1906; 17 (97): 94 - 98." type="journal article" year="1906">Regan, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we conducted a morphological comparison. Both
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Regan" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[624,730,176,200]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[624,730,176,200]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[136,265,208,232]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,265,208,232]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
share a mottled color pattern on body and fins, a similar number of teeth on the jaws (6 to 8), same tooth shape (truncate) (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[259,329,272,296]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[136,175,874,898]" captionTargetBox="[268,1301,174,859]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[268,1326,174,859]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 4. Jaw teeth of Paralithoxus mocidade, INPA 52424, 55.2 mm SL. On the right, schematic representation of left mandibles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650370/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), and similar number of plates between dorsal and adipose fins. However, these species differ in eye size, with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[302,436,336,360]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[302,436,336,360]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having a usually smaller eye, with orbit representing 9–12% (average 11%)
|
||
<emphasis box="[648,670,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. 11–19% (average 14.6%) in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Lujan et al., 2018)" baseAuthorityName="Lujan" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[355,697,400,424]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[355,371,401,424]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[387,468,400,424]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lujan NK & Armbruster JW & Lovejoy NR" box="[485,689,400,424]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1169 - 86" refId="ref9190" refString="Lujan NK, Armbruster JW, Lovejoy NR. Multilocus phylogeny, diagnosis and generic revision of the Guiana Shield endemic suckermouth armoured catfish tribe Lithoxini (loricariidae: Hypostominae). J Linn Soc London, Zool. 2018; 184 (4): 1169 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zly 025" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Lujan
|
||
<emphasis box="[559,616,400,424]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Based on Regan’s original ratios, the orbital diameter in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[667,774,432,456]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[667,774,432,456]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was contained 6–7.5 times and interorbital distance 3 times in head length, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[415,543,496,520]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[415,543,496,520]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the orbit is contained 8–10 times and the interorbital 3–3.5 times in head length. Besides,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[232,338,560,584]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[232,338,560,584]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the pectoral fin larger than the pelvic whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[259,389,592,616]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[259,389,592,616]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pectoral and pelvic are equal or the pelvic is slightly larger: pectoral length 23.8–28.7% (mean of 25.5%) in SL in
|
||
<emphasis box="[341,499,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[341,471,656,680]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">P. mocidade</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. 6.9–33.0% (26.2%) in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; pelvic fin 25.5–30.5% (27%) in SL in
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rapp-Py-Daniel & Oliveira & Bastos & Ito & Zuanon & Briglia-Ferreira" authorityYear="2019" box="[644,775,688,712]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">P. mocidade</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. 4.9–29% (22.8%) in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Lujan et al., 2018)" baseAuthorityName="Lujan" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[394,719,720,744]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[394,502,720,744]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lujan NK & Armbruster JW & Lovejoy NR" box="[516,711,720,744]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1169 - 86" refId="ref9190" refString="Lujan NK, Armbruster JW, Lovejoy NR. Multilocus phylogeny, diagnosis and generic revision of the Guiana Shield endemic suckermouth armoured catfish tribe Lithoxini (loricariidae: Hypostominae). J Linn Soc London, Zool. 2018; 184 (4): 1169 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zly 025" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Lujan
|
||
<emphasis box="[587,640,720,744]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650382" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3650382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650382/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[129,166,1872,1896]" targetBox="[129,768,867,1856]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[129,768,1872,1960]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,203,1872,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Type-locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="in Ajarani River" authorityName="in Ajarani River" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[400,644,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
in Ajarani River
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, tributary of the Branco River basin, located immediately downstream of a large waterfall. Photo by Marcos Amend.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[136,776,176,1960]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
The other species described from the
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[596,706,752,776]" name="Guyana" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Essequibo</collectingCountry>
|
||
River drainage is
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[275,474,784,808]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithoides">
|
||
<emphasis box="[275,474,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Lithoxus lithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(also distributed in other drainages such as the Trombetas River, following
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ferreira EJG" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 89" refId="ref8852" refString="Ferreira EJG. Composicao, distribuicao e aspectos ecologicos da ictiofauna de um trecho do rio Trombetas, na area de influencia da futura UHE Cachoeira Porteira, Estado do Para, Brasil. Acta Amazon. 1993; 23: 1 - 89. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / 1809 - 43921993235089" type="journal article" year="1993">Ferreira, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[225,428,848,872]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithoides">
|
||
<emphasis box="[225,428,848,872]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Lithoxus lithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is extremely different from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[136,388,880,904]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,388,880,904]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having larger eyes, larger pectoral fins (more developed in nuptial males), larger posterior membranous extension of the adipose fin, dorsal fin almost touching the adipose-fin plate, and three series of plates in the caudal peduncle. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[486,610,1008,1032]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithoides">
|
||
<emphasis box="[486,610,1008,1032]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">L. lithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the truncate teeth and membranous extension of the adipose (reduced in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[401,533,1072,1096]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[401,533,1072,1096]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
when compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">L. lithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Some
|
||
<typeStatus box="[326,428,1105,1129]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[473,597,1104,1128]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithoides">
|
||
<emphasis box="[473,597,1104,1128]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">L. lithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were examined and measured, and differences in orbit and caudal peduncle were highly evident between the two species: orbit diameter ranged from 19–21% of head length in
|
||
<emphasis box="[605,768,1200,1224]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[605,732,1200,1224]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithoides">L. lithoides</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. 9.2–12.2% in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[293,428,1232,1256]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[293,428,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; caudal peduncle depth ranged from 18.8–23% of caudal peduncle length in
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[650,775,1264,1288]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithoides">L. lithoides</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. 27.6–33.5% in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[349,484,1296,1320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[349,484,1296,1320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Besides,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[603,728,1296,1320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithoides">
|
||
<emphasis box="[603,728,1296,1320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">L. lithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the premaxilla much smaller than the dentary, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[136,267,1360,1384]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,267,1360,1384]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the toothed area in both jaws is of similar size, despite difference in the size of the teeth, reinforcing the general dissimilarity between both species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[136,776,176,1960]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boeseman" authorityYear="1982" box="[299,437,1456,1480]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[299,437,1456,1480]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paralithoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
recorded from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[613,775,1456,1480]" name="French Guiana" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Boeseman" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[145,301,1488,1512]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planquettei">
|
||
<emphasis box="[145,301,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. planquettei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Muller, Isbrucker" authorityYear="1993" box="[324,451,1488,1512]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boujardi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[324,451,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. boujardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[522,620,1488,1512]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stocki">
|
||
<emphasis box="[522,620,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. stocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) share some features distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[380,514,1520,1544]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[380,514,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: teeth with acute cusps and caudal fin with distinct distal light bar
|
||
<emphasis box="[594,616,1553,1576]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. teeth truncate and caudal fin with alternating clear and dark blotches in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[136,267,1616,1640]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,267,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Besides, both
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Muller, Isbrucker" authorityYear="1993" box="[434,553,1616,1640]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boujardi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[434,553,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. boujardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[607,697,1616,1640]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stocki">
|
||
<emphasis box="[607,697,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. stocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a larger pectoral fin (pectoral length 3.3–3.7 and 2.8–3.6 times in SL in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Muller, Isbrucker" authorityYear="1993" box="[229,347,1680,1704]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boujardi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[229,347,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. boujardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[399,488,1680,1704]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stocki">
|
||
<emphasis box="[399,488,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. stocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
respectively
|
||
<emphasis box="[631,653,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">vs</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity box="[667,775,1680,1704]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.779" metricValueMax="10.668" metricValueMin="8.89" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="3.85" valueMax="4.2" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4.2 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[136,267,1712,1736]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,267,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and shorter caudal peduncle (caudal peduncle length 3–3.25 and 3.5 times in SL in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Muller, Isbrucker" authorityYear="1993" box="[571,693,1744,1768]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boujardi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[571,693,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. boujardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stocki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. stocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
respectively
|
||
<emphasis box="[339,361,1777,1800]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">vs</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity box="[374,481,1776,1800]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.779" metricValueMax="10.414" metricValueMin="9.144" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="3.8499999999999996" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="3.6">3.6–4.1 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[486,616,1776,1800]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[486,616,1776,1800]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Boeseman" baseAuthorityYear="1982" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planquettei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paralithoxus planquettei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has a shorter pectoral fin and a deeper caudal peduncle (caudal peduncle depth 9.8–11.75% in SL
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,158,1873,1896]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. 7.1–8.4% in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[313,445,1872,1896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[313,445,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and larger mandible (dentary length 2.5–2.8 times in interorbital distance
|
||
<emphasis box="[606,628,1905,1928]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">vs</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity box="[641,749,1904,1928]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0795" metricValueMax="1.2446" metricValueMin="0.9144" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="4.25" valueMax="4.9" valueMin="3.6">3.6–4.9 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[820,1460,176,904]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Silva, Covain, Oliveira & Roxo" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[858,1108,176,200]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jariensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[858,1108,176,200]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paralithoxus jariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1182,1267,177,200]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raso">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1182,1267,177,200]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. raso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were originally distinguished from other
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boeseman" authorityYear="1982" box="[1137,1276,208,232]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1137,1276,208,232]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paralithoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by a set of morphological features.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1180,1382,240,264]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raso">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1180,1382,240,264]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paralithoxus raso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a peculiar color pattern with light large blotches similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Silva et al., 2017)" baseAuthorityName="Silva" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[820,1285,304,328]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidimaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[820,1037,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. pallidimaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Silva GSC & Covain R & Oliveira C & Roxo FF" box="[1060,1277,304,328]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="151 - 68" refId="ref9559" refString="Silva GSC, Covain R, Oliveira C, Roxo FF. Description of two new species of Lithoxus (Hypostominae: Loricariidae) from rio Jari and rio Amapa basins, Brazilian Guiana Shield. Zootaxa 2017; 4347 (1): 151 - 68. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4347.1.9" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Silva
|
||
<emphasis box="[1133,1196,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both recently described species were recorded for the eastern part of the Amazon, in Pará and Amapá States.
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Silva, Covain, Oliveira & Roxo" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[1219,1459,368,392]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jariensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1219,1459,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paralithoxus jariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is morphometrically very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1211,1343,400,424]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1211,1343,400,424]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but shows a reduction in number of plates: four plates between dorsal and adipose fin (
|
||
<emphasis box="[1003,1025,465,488]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">vs</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity box="[1041,1111,464,488]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.905" metricValueMax="2.032" metricValueMin="1.778" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1119,1252,464,488]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1119,1252,464,488]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and 23–24 lateral median plates (
|
||
<emphasis box="[997,1019,497,520]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">vs</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity box="[1039,1141,496,520]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="6.604" metricValueMin="6.096" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="25.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="24.0">24–26 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1153,1291,496,520]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1153,1291,496,520]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raso">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paralithoxus raso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1022,1157,528,552]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1022,1157,528,552]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mainly by having a larger pectoral- fin spine (27–29%
|
||
<emphasis box="[1156,1178,561,584]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. 23–28% in SL in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and smaller mandibles (premaxilla 3.3–4% and dentary 4.4–5.3% in head length in
|
||
<emphasis box="[1227,1338,625,648]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1227,1306,625,648]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raso">P. raso</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. 6.1–9.9% and 5.9–9.3% in head length in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1205,1344,656,680]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1205,1344,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). In their original description, the authors also conducted a molecular analysis using sequences of the COI mitochondrial gene for most available species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boeseman" authorityYear="1982" box="[1145,1284,752,776]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1145,1284,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paralithoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Boeseman" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[1302,1452,752,776]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planquettei">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1302,1452,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. planquettei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[820,932,784,808]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[820,932,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[947,1157,784,808]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidimaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[947,1157,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. pallidimaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Muller, Isbrucker" authorityYear="1993" box="[1173,1294,784,808]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boujardi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1173,1294,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. boujardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1351,1443,784,808]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stocki">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1351,1443,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. stocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Silva, Covain, Oliveira & Roxo" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[820,1060,816,840]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jariensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[820,1060,816,840]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paralithoxus jariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1113,1189,817,840]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raso">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1113,1189,817,840]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. raso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
came out as sister group of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Boeseman" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[858,1014,848,872]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planquettei">
|
||
<emphasis box="[858,1014,848,872]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. planquettei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, also from Eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1260,1338,848,872]" name="Guyana" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Oyapock River).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[820,1459,945,1961]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[820,1073,945,969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Osteological remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Armbruster JW & Greene L & Lujan NK" box="[1079,1348,945,969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="671 - 80" refId="ref8652" refString="Armbruster JW, Greene L, Lujan NK. Using morphology to test DNA-based phylogenetic relationships within the Guiana Shield catfish tribe Lithoxini (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Copeia 2018; 106 (4): 671 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.1643 / CI- 18 - 121" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Armbruster
|
||
<emphasis box="[1212,1268,945,969]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
presented a morphology-based phylogeny for Lithoxini in which synapomorphies were proposed for the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1910" box="[1359,1452,1009,1033]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1359,1452,1009,1033]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Lithoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boeseman" authorityYear="1982" box="[820,959,1041,1065]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[820,959,1041,1065]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paralithoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lujan, Armbruster & Lovejoy" authorityYear="2018" box="[1021,1147,1041,1065]" class="Actinopteri" family="Loricariidae" genus="Avalithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Metazoa" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1021,1147,1041,1065]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Avalithoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a way to compare their results with the molecular phylogeny presented in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lujan NK & Armbruster JW & Lovejoy NR" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1169 - 86" refId="ref9190" refString="Lujan NK, Armbruster JW, Lovejoy NR. Multilocus phylogeny, diagnosis and generic revision of the Guiana Shield endemic suckermouth armoured catfish tribe Lithoxini (loricariidae: Hypostominae). J Linn Soc London, Zool. 2018; 184 (4): 1169 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zly 025" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Lujan
|
||
<emphasis box="[820,885,1105,1129]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Most of the synapomorphies listed for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boeseman" authorityYear="1982" box="[820,959,1137,1161]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[820,959,1137,1161]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paralithoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were confirmed in this study with slight variation in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[970,1111,1169,1193]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[970,1111,1169,1193]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, such as: first hypobranchial angled at 45° relative to the sagittal plane, maxilla distal end enlarged, and metapterygoid weakly sutured to lateral ethmoid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[820,1459,945,1961]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Although cited as a synapomorphy for the tribe Lithoxini (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Armbruster JW & Greene L & Lujan NK" box="[827,1090,1329,1353]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="671 - 80" refId="ref8652" refString="Armbruster JW, Greene L, Lujan NK. Using morphology to test DNA-based phylogenetic relationships within the Guiana Shield catfish tribe Lithoxini (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Copeia 2018; 106 (4): 671 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.1643 / CI- 18 - 121" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Armbruster
|
||
<emphasis box="[962,1017,1329,1353]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1139,1272,1329,1353]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1139,1272,1329,1353]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the difference in size between the teeth on both mandibles and the distinct shape of the cusps are remarkable (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1212,1281,1393,1417]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[136,175,874,898]" captionTargetBox="[268,1301,174,859]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[268,1326,174,859]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 4. Jaw teeth of Paralithoxus mocidade, INPA 52424, 55.2 mm SL. On the right, schematic representation of left mandibles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650370/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
): cusps truncate and subequal in size on the premaxilla, and pointed and equally forked on the dentary. As cited above, truncate teeth were also observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1065,1187,1489,1513]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithoides">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1065,1187,1489,1513]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">L. lithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1242,1352,1489,1513]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1242,1352,1489,1513]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Lithoxus lithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however, has the mesial cusp of premaxillary teeth almost three times the size of the lateral cusp. Also, the size and enlargement of the distal end of the maxilla deserves attention. In
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[958,1089,1617,1641]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[958,1089,1617,1641]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the maxilla is well developed, its length more than 50% the length of the palatine, and its distal enlargement is rather pronounced.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[820,1459,945,1961]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
The suspensorium in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1098,1233,1713,1737]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1098,1233,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to that of other Lithoxini and comparable to
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1213,1326,1745,1769]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1213,1326,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the closest species to
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[958,1102,1777,1801]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[958,1102,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the metapterygoid anterior processes, both the digitiform and the “spoonshaped” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Armbruster JW" box="[926,1127,1841,1865]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref8596" refString="Armbruster JW. Phylogenetic relationships of the suckermouth armoured catfishes (Loricariidae) with emphasis on the Hypostominae and the Ancistrinae. J Linn Soc London, Zool. 2004; 141 (1): 1 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2004.00109. x" type="journal article" year="2004">Armbruster, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), are much more enlarged in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[820,956,1873,1897]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[820,956,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1057,1171,1873,1897]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1057,1171,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other Lithoxini. The anterior opercular process is also highly enlarged, similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lujan" baseAuthorityYear="2008" box="[848,1056,1937,1961]" class="Actinopteri" family="Loricariidae" genus="Avalithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Metazoa" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jantjae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[848,1056,1937,1961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Avalithoxus jantjae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Armbruster JW & Greene L & Lujan NK" box="[1069,1327,1937,1961]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="671 - 80" refId="ref8652" refString="Armbruster JW, Greene L, Lujan NK. Using morphology to test DNA-based phylogenetic relationships within the Guiana Shield catfish tribe Lithoxini (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Copeia 2018; 106 (4): 671 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.1643 / CI- 18 - 121" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Armbruster
|
||
<emphasis box="[1202,1257,1937,1961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 4-A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[128,768,176,808]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
The branchial apparatus in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[480,616,176,200]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[480,616,176,200]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a strong hyoid arch, and strongly pointed, villiform teeth on both pharyngeal plates (upper and lower), a condition already registered by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Armbruster JW" box="[287,494,272,296]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref8596" refString="Armbruster JW. Phylogenetic relationships of the suckermouth armoured catfishes (Loricariidae) with emphasis on the Hypostominae and the Ancistrinae. J Linn Soc London, Zool. 2004; 141 (1): 1 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2004.00109. x" type="journal article" year="2004">Armbruster (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[554,681,272,296]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithoides">
|
||
<emphasis box="[554,681,272,296]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">L. lithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[224,474,304,328]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[224,474,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has only one basibranchial (BB) (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[198,263,336,360]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[129,168,1394,1418]" captionTargetBox="[300,1283,845,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[261,1318,839,1378]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 8. Branchial apparatus of Paralithoxus mocidade, INPA 52424, 55.2 mm SL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650386/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
), ossified and very elongate, almost filling the whole mesial extension of the branchial apparatus; the other basibranchial is a cartilaginous mass connected to the fourth and fifth ceratobranchials. The ordinary siluriform condition is the absence of the first basibranchial (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Arratia G" box="[601,755,464,488]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="3 - 45" refId="ref8706" refString="Arratia G. Catfish head skeleton - An overview. In: Arratia G, Kapoor BG, Chardon M, Diogo R, editors. Catfishes, Volume 1. Enfield: Science Publishers, Inc.; 2003. p. 3 - 45." type="book chapter" year="2003">Arratia, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), second (BB2) ossified, and third (BB3) reduced, ossified or not (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schaefer SA" box="[177,344,528,552]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref9524" refString="Schaefer SA. Relationships of Lithogenes villosus Eigenmann, 1909 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae): Evidence from High- Resolution Computed Microtomography. Am Mus Novit. 2003; 3401: 1 - 54." type="journal article" year="2003">Schaefer, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Most loricariids show the generalized siluriform condition. In
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[402,656,560,584]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[402,656,560,584]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the long ossified BB can be explained by the fusion of BB2 and BB3 (very elongate BB) or BB2 lost (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Armbruster JW" box="[485,677,624,648]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref8596" refString="Armbruster JW. Phylogenetic relationships of the suckermouth armoured catfishes (Loricariidae) with emphasis on the Hypostominae and the Ancistrinae. J Linn Soc London, Zool. 2004; 141 (1): 1 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2004.00109. x" type="journal article" year="2004">Armbruster, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
– for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">L. lithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[275,383,656,680]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[275,383,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). This condition was also observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[156,422,688,712]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Exastilithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[156,422,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Exastilithoxus fimbriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other members of Lithoxini (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Armbruster JW & Greene L & Lujan NK" box="[135,392,720,744]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="671 - 80" refId="ref8652" refString="Armbruster JW, Greene L, Lujan NK. Using morphology to test DNA-based phylogenetic relationships within the Guiana Shield catfish tribe Lithoxini (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Copeia 2018; 106 (4): 671 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.1643 / CI- 18 - 121" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Armbruster
|
||
<emphasis box="[267,314,720,744]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[128,768,176,808]" lastBlockId="9.[813,1452,176,808]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[166,417,752,776]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[166,417,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Paralithoxus mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a highly reduced accessory flange of the first ceratobranchial (CB1) (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[677,758,784,808]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[129,168,1394,1418]" captionTargetBox="[300,1283,845,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[261,1318,839,1378]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 8. Branchial apparatus of Paralithoxus mocidade, INPA 52424, 55.2 mm SL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650386/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
) (approximately 1/5 of the ceratobranchial properly). Most
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kner" authorityYear="1853" box="[813,969,208,232]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hypostominae">Hypostominae</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a well-developed CB1 accessory flange (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schaefer SA" box="[820,986,240,264]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref9449" refString="Schaefer SA. Osteology of Hypostomus plecostomus (Linnaeus), with a phylogenetic analysis of the loricariid subfamilies (Pisces: Siluroidei). Contrib Sci (Los Angel Calif). 1987; 394: 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1987">Schaefer, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Armbruster JW" box="[999,1194,240,264]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref8596" refString="Armbruster JW. Phylogenetic relationships of the suckermouth armoured catfishes (Loricariidae) with emphasis on the Hypostominae and the Ancistrinae. J Linn Soc London, Zool. 2004; 141 (1): 1 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2004.00109. x" type="journal article" year="2004">Armbruster, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), an extra sheet of thin bone originating on the same point of the ceratobranchial, of similar size and, usually, bearing a row of branchial filaments.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1909" box="[813,930,336,360]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[813,930,336,360]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Lithogenes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and astroblepids lack this accessory flange. The condition in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[943,1071,368,392]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[943,1071,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been already cited for
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1346,1445,368,392]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovalli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1346,1445,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. bovalli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[813,932,400,424]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithoides">
|
||
<emphasis box="[813,932,400,424]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">L. lithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and some other non-hypostomines (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Armbruster JW" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref8596" refString="Armbruster JW. Phylogenetic relationships of the suckermouth armoured catfishes (Loricariidae) with emphasis on the Hypostominae and the Ancistrinae. J Linn Soc London, Zool. 2004; 141 (1): 1 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2004.00109. x" type="journal article" year="2004">Armbruster, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and it was also observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[1176,1442,432,456]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Exastilithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1176,1442,432,456]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Exastilithoxus fimbriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[813,1452,176,808]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Finally, the pectoral girdle in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1225,1367,464,488]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1225,1367,464,488]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a conspicuous small hornlike process (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1205,1282,496,520]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[129,168,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[260,1318,1451,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[253,1327,1447,1892]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 9. a. Pectoral (dorsal view), with arrows for the cleithra processes, and b. pelvic (ventral view) of Paralithoxus mocidade, INPA 52424, 55.2 mm SL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3650390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3650390/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 9a</figureCitation>
|
||
) on the anterior surface of the cleithrum.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1091,1284,528,552]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Lithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lithoides">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1091,1284,528,552]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Lithoxus lithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1341,1451,528,552]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovallii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1341,1451,528,552]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. bovallii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a short and dense bony crest at the same point, but in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[843,975,592,616]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Paralithoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mocidade">
|
||
<emphasis box="[843,975,592,616]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. mocidade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
this crest comes forward as a small, blunt, cylindrical process, inclined towards the lateral sides of the body, with an extra blue-stained tissue coming off its extremity that could be a tendon or a thin cartilage. This condition is quite unusual, and it was not observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Exastilithoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. fimbriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it has been observed in one specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Norman" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[813,1119,784,808]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gymnorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[813,1119,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Hypostomus gymnorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |