730 lines
93 KiB
XML
730 lines
93 KiB
XML
<document id="0074C89D6572218F2C12F3C063E9AD9D" ID-CLB-Dataset="32153" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4318.3.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c40ab8c0-eec0-46a5-95c5-03e93830dc36" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="893023" ID-ZooBank="1215Db76-4A16-4C50-9D97-76F98B2A4517" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1504883335741" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sánchez-Nivicela, Juan C." docDate="2017" docId="E7066C2D8F384F3A57D0F911A590FE4C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4318.3.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4318 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pristimantis nimbus Sánchez-Nivicela 2017, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="527" masterDocId="1B3F14558F394F3D5747FFF9A639FF9C" masterDocTitle="A new terrestrial frog (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the montane cloud forests of the southeastern Ecuadorian Andes" masterLastPageNumber="530" masterPageNumber="520" pageNumber="521" updateTime="1698468141004" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3428CBC765B38BE8A7042556337EA680">
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<mods:title id="2553099B7FA1323B794401CB2854720F">A new terrestrial frog (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the montane cloud forests of the southeastern Ecuadorian Andes</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="68B85901939AB4937AEF50EE02DDDDC9" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="6E51660A758D8CA732DEFF31DCA73FF2">Sánchez-Nivicela, Juan C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="0CC3280350DF67300034660374ACA785">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="24D4594CE12F4944A5037D8C503F17EE">
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<mods:date id="3B21086DF9D72916E396CD162B6426F9">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E883AA4993E1FD26F86096F108555CBA">2017-08-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="05007215C7D06CAF49E983858AC03C52">4318</mods:number>
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<treatment id="E7066C2D8F384F3A57D0F911A590FE4C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6026599" ID-GBIF-Taxon="134016310" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6026599" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7066C2D8F384F3A57D0F911A590FE4C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E7066C2D8F384F3A57D0F911A590FE4C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="527" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">
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<subSubSection id="27B58EB08F384F3C57D0F911A73FF8B9" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F384F3C57D0F911A418F89F" blockId="1.[151,545,1768,1829]" box="[151,545,1768,1795]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">
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<heading id="34586A578F384F3C57D0F911A418F89F" bold="true" box="[151,545,1768,1795]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="5DDB01298F384F3C57D0F911A418F89F" bold="true" box="[151,545,1768,1795]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">
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<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F384F3C57D0F911A7B3F89E" authority="Sánchez-Nivicela, 2017" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,394,1768,1794]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="5DDB01298F384F3C57D0F911A7B3F89E" bold="true" box="[151,394,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">Pristimantis nimbus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="46E8BC528F384F3C56D5F910A418F89F" box="[402,545,1769,1795]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F384F3C57D0F8F5A73FF8B9" blockId="1.[151,545,1768,1829]" box="[151,262,1804,1829]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">
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<figureCitation id="F794C1BE8F384F3C57D0F8F5A738F8B9" box="[151,257,1804,1829]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1427,1449]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1293,1315]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1074,1096]" captionStartId-3="7.[151,250,1366,1388]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,1424,764,1391]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1271]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,193,1053]" captionTargetBox-3="[197,1391,561,1326]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[151,1436,733,1406]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1271]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1053]" captionTargetId-3="figure@7.[177,1421,507,1354]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Adult male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475, SVL 24.5 mm) and detail of flash marks on the groin, flanks, hidden surfaces of thighs and arm insertion." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Dorsal (A) ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of the preserved male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475; SVL 24.5 mm)." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Details of the hand (A), foot (B), and dorsal and lateral views of the head (C – D) of the adult male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475)." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Color variation in specimens of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. A) MZUA. AN. 1465 (SVL 25.0 mm), B) MZUA. AN. 1472 (SVL 18.5 mm), C) MZUA. AN. 0705 (SVL 17.7 mm)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/893027/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/893029/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/893031/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/893033/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">Figs. 2–5</figureCitation>
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|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="27B58EB08F384F3F57D0F8ADA41EF95F" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="522" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F384F3C57D0F8ADA5DEF828" blockId="1.[151,1436,1876,1973]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">
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<materialsCitation id="DFC7D7668F384F3C57D0F8ADA5DEF828" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1632857247" collectingDate="2015-09-19" collectionCode="MZUA" collectorName="Juan C. & Veronica L. & Bruno A. & Ecological Conservation Area Tinajillas-Rio Gualaceno" country="Ecuador" elevation="2399" latitude="-3.0000806" location="Ecological Conservation Area" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-78.509575" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Provincia Morona Santiago" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="5DDB01298F384F3C57D0F8ADA732F8F1" bold="true" box="[151,267,1876,1901]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">
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<typeStatus id="B01463998F384F3C57D0F8ADA73FF8F1" box="[151,262,1876,1901]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<collectionCode id="09BE45FE8F384F3C5652F8ADA757F8F1" box="[277,366,1876,1901]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">MZUA</collectionCode>
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.AN.1475, an adult male, collected on
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||
<date id="1B11FBFB8F384F3C5477F8ADA22BF8F1" box="[816,1042,1876,1901]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" value="2015-09-19">
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<collectingDate id="0B5502138F384F3C5477F8ADA22BF8F1" box="[816,1042,1876,1901]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" value="2015-09-19">19 September 2015</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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by
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<collectorName id="C25AB8ED8F384F3C5304F8ACA2A2F8F0" box="[1091,1179,1876,1900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">Juan C.</collectorName>
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Sánchez,
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<collectorName id="C25AB8ED8F384F3C5251F8ADA3A5F8F0" box="[1302,1436,1876,1901]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">Veronica L.</collectorName>
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Urgiles and
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<collectorName id="C25AB8ED8F384F3C5677F881A79BF80C" box="[304,418,1912,1936]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">Bruno A.</collectorName>
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Timbe at the
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<collectorName id="C25AB8ED8F384F3C5519F88EA2CFF80C" box="[606,1270,1911,1936]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">
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<location id="6A708BE08F384F3C5519F88EA5F8F80C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7066C2D8F384F3A57D0F911A590FE4C:6A708BE08F384F3C5519F88EA5F8F80C" box="[606,961,1911,1936]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-3.0000806" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-78.509575" name="Ecological Conservation Area" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" stateProvince="Provincia Morona Santiago">Ecological Conservation Area</location>
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||
Tinajillas-Río Gualaceño
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||
</collectorName>
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, (
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<geoCoordinate id="0A9BBBFC8F384F3C5254F881A3AEF80C" box="[1299,1431,1912,1936]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" precision="1" value="-3.0000806">3°0’0.29’’S</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate id="0A9BBBFC8F384F3C57D0F865A769F828" box="[151,336,1948,1972]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" precision="1" value="-78.509575">78°30’34.47’’W</geoCoordinate>
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||
;
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||
<quantity id="A85770DE8F384F3C561CF865A7EAF829" box="[347,467,1948,1973]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.399" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" unit="m" value="2399.0">
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||
<elevation id="E4823A088F384F3C561CF865A7EAF829" box="[347,467,1948,1973]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.399" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" unit="m" value="2399.0">2399 masl</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
),
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||
<collectingRegion id="AD6B13D98F384F3C56A1F865A524F829" box="[486,797,1948,1973]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">
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||
Provincia
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||
<collectingRegion id="AD6B13D98F384F3C551EF864A524F829" box="[601,797,1948,1973]" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">Morona Santiago</collectingRegion>
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||
</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="17B89DAB8F384F3C546FF865A5BCF829" box="[808,901,1948,1973]" name="Ecuador" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="F794C1BE8F384F3C54D2F865A5EFF828" box="[917,982,1948,1973]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1573,1595]" captionTargetBox="[202,1394,226,1510]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1548]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of Ecuador showing the distribution of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. at the Tinajillas-Río Gualaceño Ecological Conservation Area, Morona Santiago, Ecuador." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/893025/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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||
).
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<caption id="3BD08DB38F3B4F3F57D0F9DCA4D2F9C5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/893025/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" targetBox="[202,1394,226,1510]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3B4F3F57D0F9DCA4D2F9C5" blockId="2.[151,1436,1572,1625]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">
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||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3B4F3F57D0F9DCA721F9A6" bold="true" box="[151,280,1573,1595]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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||
Map of Ecuador showing the distribution of
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||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3B4F3F5448F9DFA5D9F9A6" authority="Sánchez-Nivicela, 2017" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[783,992,1572,1595]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3B4F3F5448F9DFA5D9F9A6" box="[783,992,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">Pristimantis nimbus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3B4F3F54ABF9DCA27BF9A6" bold="true" box="[1004,1090,1573,1594]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46E8BC528F3B4F3F54ABF9DCA27BF9A6" box="[1004,1090,1573,1594]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
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at the Tinajillas-Río Gualaceño Ecological Conservation Area, Morona Santiago, Ecuador.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
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||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3B4F3F5780F97FA41EF95F" blockId="2.[151,1436,1670,2019]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3B4F3F5780F97FA742F903" bold="true" box="[199,379,1670,1695]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">Paratopotypes.</emphasis>
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||
MZUA.AN. 1462, 1465, 1466, 1468 (adult males) and MZUA.AN.1472, 1483 (subadult males), collected with the holotype.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="27B58EB08F3B4F3F5780F937A4F1F8B3" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3B4F3F5780F937A4F1F8B3" blockId="2.[151,1436,1670,2019]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DFC7D7668F3B4F3F5780F937A4F1F8B3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1632857248" collectingDate="2013-10-10" collectionCode="MZUA" collectorName="Veronica L. & Cristian Nieves" country="Ecuador" elevation="2273" latitude="-3.0297778" location="Area Ecologica de Conservacion Tinajillas Rio Gualaceno" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-78.58429" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Provincia Morona Santiago" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3B4F3F5780F937A77FF97B" bold="true" box="[199,326,1742,1767]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">
|
||
<typeStatus id="B01463998F3B4F3F5780F937A778F97B" box="[199,321,1742,1767]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="09BE45FE8F3B4F3F5616F937A790F97B" box="[337,425,1742,1767]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">MZUA</collectionCode>
|
||
.AN.0705, a sub-adult male collected on
|
||
<date id="1B11FBFB8F3B4F3F54CCF936A269F97B" box="[907,1104,1742,1767]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" value="2013-10-10">
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||
<collectingDate id="0B5502138F3B4F3F54CCF936A269F97B" box="[907,1104,1742,1767]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" value="2013-10-10">10 October 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
by
|
||
<collectorName id="C25AB8ED8F3B4F3F53C4F937A332F97A" box="[1155,1291,1742,1767]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">Veronica L.</collectorName>
|
||
Urgiles and
|
||
<collectorName id="C25AB8ED8F3B4F3F57D0F90BA77EF897" box="[151,327,1778,1803]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">Cristian Nieves</collectorName>
|
||
at the
|
||
<location id="6A708BE08F3B4F3F56DCF90BA200F897" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7066C2D8F384F3A57D0F911A590FE4C:6A708BE08F3B4F3F56DCF90BA200F897" box="[411,1081,1778,1803]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-3.0297778" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-78.58429" name="Area Ecologica de Conservacion Tinajillas Rio Gualaceno" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" stateProvince="Provincia Morona Santiago">Área Ecológica de Conservación Tinajillas Rio Gualaceño</location>
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||
(
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<geoCoordinate id="0A9BBBFC8F3B4F3F530CF90AA2E7F897" box="[1099,1246,1779,1803]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" precision="1" value="-3.0297778">3°1’47.20’’S</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate id="0A9BBBFC8F3B4F3F53ABF90BA3A1F897" box="[1260,1432,1778,1803]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" precision="1" value="-78.58429">78°35’3.43’’W</geoCoordinate>
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||
;
|
||
<quantity id="A85770DE8F3B4F3F57D0F8EEA736F8B3" box="[151,271,1814,1839]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.273" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" unit="m" value="2273.0">
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<elevation id="E4823A088F3B4F3F57D0F8EEA736F8B3" box="[151,271,1814,1839]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.273" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" unit="m" value="2273.0">2273 masl</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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),
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<collectingRegion id="AD6B13D98F3B4F3F5665F8EFA460F8B3" box="[290,601,1814,1839]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">
|
||
Provincia
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AD6B13D98F3B4F3F56D3F8EEA460F8B3" box="[404,601,1814,1839]" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">Morona Santiago</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="17B89DAB8F3B4F3F5523F8EFA4FDF8B3" box="[612,708,1814,1839]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="27B58EB08F3B4F395780F8C3A5FDFD18" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3B4F3E5780F8C3A23BFD34" blockId="2.[151,1436,1670,2019]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,680]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="523" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3B4F3F5780F8C3A778F8CF" bold="true" box="[199,321,1850,1875]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Due to a lack of morphological synapomorphies for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3B4F3F54DFF8C2A218F8CE" box="[920,1057,1851,1874]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3B4F3F54DFF8C2A218F8CE" box="[920,1057,1851,1874]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B3EA0CA8F3B4F3F5377F8C3A330F8CF" author="Hedges" box="[1072,1289,1850,1875]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" refString="Hedges, S. B., Duellman, W. E. & Heinicke, M. P. (2008) New World direct-developing frogs (Anura: Terrarana): Molecular phylogeny, classification, biogeography, and conservation. Zootaxa, 1737, 1 - 182." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Hedges
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3B4F3F53C9F8C2A2F9F8CE" box="[1166,1216,1850,1874]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B3EA0CA8F3B4F3F5252F8C3A6E8F8EB" author="Padial" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" refString="Padial, J. M., Grant, T. & Frost, D. R. (2014) Molecular systematics of terraranas (Anura: Brachycephaloidea) with an assessment of the effects of alignment and optimality criteria. Zootaxa, 3825 (1), 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3825.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Padial
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3B4F3F5224F8C2A3A5F8CE" box="[1379,1436,1850,1874]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we tentatively assign the new species to this genus based on morphological similarity to other species in this clade.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3B4F3F57A3F87AA7F0F806" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[228,457,1922,1946]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="522" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3B4F3F57A3F87AA7F0F806" box="[228,457,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">Pristimantis nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="F794C1BE8F3B4F3F569AF87BA477F807" box="[477,590,1922,1947]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1427,1449]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1293,1315]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1074,1096]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,1424,764,1391]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1271]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,193,1053]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[151,1436,733,1406]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1271]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1053]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Adult male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475, SVL 24.5 mm) and detail of flash marks on the groin, flanks, hidden surfaces of thighs and arm insertion." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Dorsal (A) ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of the preserved male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475; SVL 24.5 mm)." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Details of the hand (A), foot (B), and dorsal and lateral views of the head (C – D) of the adult male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/893027/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/893029/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/893031/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">Figs. 2–4</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="222DE8808F3B4F3F551AF87BA48AF807" box="[605,691,1922,1947]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,686,709]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (mm) of adult males of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. The mean and the standard deviation (SD) values are shown for each morphological character." pageId="2" pageNumber="522">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
) is a small species characterized by: (1) skin of dorsum finely shagreen with scattered low and small tubercles, flanks areolate, being more noticeable towards the ventral region, skin on venter finely areolate, lacking dorsolateral and discoidal folds; (2) tympanic membrane and annulus differentiated, visible, rounded (42% of eye diameter), supratympanic fold present, one or two postrictal tubercles; (3) short snout, subacuminate in dorsal view, rounded in profile, lacking tubercles on the tip, canthus rostralis slightly concave; (4) upper eyelid bearing one or two small subconical tubercles and several scattered low tubercles, cranial crests absent; (5) dentigerous process of vomer prominent, slightly oval with three to seven teeth, rounded choana; (6) nuptial pads present, vocal sac and vocal slits absent; (7) finger I shorter than II, discs on all fingers laterally but moderately expanded; (8) fingers bearing narrow lateral fringes; (9) ulnar tubercles low, one diffuse antebrachial tubercle, palmar tubercles low and small; (10) heel with one subconical tubercle, shank lacking tubercles, tarsal tubercles low and small; (11) toes bearing narrow lateral fringes; webbing absent; toe V longer than III; discs of toes moderately expanded; (12) inner metatarsal tubercle ovoid three times bigger than outer one, rounded; supernumerary plantar tubercles present, rounded, smaller than subarticular tubercles; (13) iris greenishcream with thin dark brown flecks and horizontal reddish copper stripe, dorsal coloration varies from copperbrown with few dark brown and green marks to brown with greenish-brown; flanks are cream with dark brownish flecks, ventral coloration is dusty brown with dark brown flecks; groin, thighs, posterior portion of flanks, and arm insertion with bright yellow to orange oval-shaped flash marks surrounded by dark brown to black marks forming a reticulated pattern; (14) SVL in adult males
|
||
<quantity id="A85770DE8F3A4F3E55C1FD69A4D3FD3B" box="[646,746,656,680]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3899999999999997" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" unit="mm" value="23.9">23.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
±2.9 (range: 22.4–28.6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3BD08DB38F3A4F3E57D0FA6AA51CFA54" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/893027/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" targetBox="[159,1424,764,1391]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3A4F3E57D0FA6AA51CFA54" blockId="3.[151,1436,1427,1480]" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E57D0FA6AA72AFA34" bold="true" box="[151,275,1427,1449]" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Adult male holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E5548FA6DA4E3FA35" authority="Sánchez-Nivicela, 2017" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[527,730,1427,1449]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E5548FA6DA4E3FA35" box="[527,730,1427,1449]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">Pristimantis nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E55A5FA6AA50BFA34" bold="true" box="[738,818,1427,1448]" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46E8BC528F3A4F3E55A5FA6AA50BFA34" box="[738,818,1427,1448]" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MZUA.AN.1475, SVL 24.5 mm) and detail of flash marks on the groin, flanks, hidden surfaces of thighs and arm insertion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3A4F395780FA0DA5FDFD18" blockId="3.[151,1437,1524,2017]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E5780FA0DA46FF991" bold="true" box="[199,598,1524,1549]" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">Comparison with similar species.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E5519FA0CA579F991" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[606,832,1525,1549]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E5519FA0CA579F991" box="[606,832,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">Pristimantis nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E53D6FA0CA323F990" box="[1169,1306,1525,1548]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E53D6FA0CA323F990" box="[1169,1306,1525,1548]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from north eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="17B89DAB8F3A4F3E57B4F9E1A769F9AD" box="[243,336,1560,1585]" name="Ecuador" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
and northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="17B89DAB8F3A4F3E56B8F9E0A40BF9AC" box="[511,562,1561,1584]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
which have distinctive flash marks on the groin and lack cranial crests:
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E57D0F9C4A5FCF9E4" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E57D0F9C4A7E9F9C9" baseAuthorityName="Barbour & Dunn" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[151,464,1597,1621]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altamazonicus">Pristimantis altamazonicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E5698F9C4A477F9C9" box="[479,590,1597,1621]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ardyae">P. ardyae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E5519F9C4A4F4F9C9" baseAuthorityName="Arteaga-Navarro & Guayasamin" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[606,717,1597,1621]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bambu">P. bambu</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E559BF9C4A56DF9C9" box="[732,852,1597,1621]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bellator">P. bellator</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E5424F9C4A21DF9C9" box="[867,1060,1597,1621]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caeruleonotus">P. caeruleonotus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E5373F9C4A2ECF9C9" box="[1076,1237,1597,1621]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cethospilus">P. cethospilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E53A3F9C4A340F9C9" box="[1252,1401,1597,1621]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="churuwiai">P. churuwiai</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E52CFF9C4A706F9E4" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1968" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croceoinguinis">P. croceoinguinis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E561BF998A42DF9E4" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[348,532,1632,1656]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptomelas">P. cryptomelas</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E5576F998A4DBF9E4" baseAuthorityName="Jimenez de la Espada" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[561,738,1632,1656]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diadematus">P. diadematus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E55B9F998A5FCF9E4" box="[766,965,1632,1656]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavobracatus">P. flavobracatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E54A3F998A351F9E4" box="[996,1384,1632,1656]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E54A3F998A2A9F9E4" box="[996,1168,1632,1656]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gualacenio">P. gualacenio</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E53EAF998A351F9E4" box="[1197,1384,1633,1656]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrogriceus">P. nigrogriceus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E52C0F998A758F900" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1912" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimarmoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E52C0F998A758F900" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">P. ventrimarmoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E56DEF97CA412F901" box="[409,555,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E56DEF97CA41FF901" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[409,550,1669,1693]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="versicolor">P. versicolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E55E2F97CA5E1F901" baseAuthorityName="Barbour & Dunn" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[677,984,1669,1693]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altamazonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E55E2F97CA5E1F901" box="[677,984,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">Pristimantis altamazonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the new species by lacking tubercles on tarsus and heel, and by having reddish to orange inguinal coloration with bold black bars and blotches.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E57D0F934A74EF979" box="[151,375,1741,1765]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ardyae">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E57D0F934A74EF979" box="[151,375,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">Pristimantis ardyae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E5554F934A4BBF979" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[531,642,1741,1765]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E5554F934A4BBF979" box="[531,642,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">P. nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by lacking ulnar tubercles and by the amber with dark orange spots dorsal coloration (brownish to olive green in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E55E8F908A519F894" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[687,800,1776,1800]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E55E8F908A519F894" box="[687,800,1776,1800]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">P. nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and finely granular skin.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E5318F908A379F894" baseAuthorityName="Arteaga-Navarro & Guayasamin" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[1119,1344,1776,1800]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bambu">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E5318F908A379F894" box="[1119,1344,1776,1800]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">Pristimantis bambu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks a tympanic membrane and tubercles on tarsus and heel.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E55BFF8ECA5D8F8B1" box="[760,993,1813,1837]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bellator">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E55BFF8ECA5D8F8B1" box="[760,993,1813,1837]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">Pristimantis bellator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the new species by having a smooth dorsal skin with scattered tubercles, small tubercles on the upper eyelids (one or two subconical in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E52C0F8C0A6D1F8E9" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E52C0F8C0A6D1F8E9" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">P. nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and basal webbing on feet.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E557AF8A4A556F8E9" box="[573,879,1885,1909]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caeruleonotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E557AF8A4A556F8E9" box="[573,879,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">Pristimantis caeruleonotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the new species by having smooth dorsal skin with scattered spicules, dorsolateral folds, a tubercle in the tip of the snout and black inguinal coloration with white and pale blue spots.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E5544F85CA519F821" baseAuthorityName="Duellman & Wild" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[515,800,1957,1981]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ceuthospilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E5544F85CA519F821" box="[515,800,1957,1981]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">Pristimantis ceuthospilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3A4F3E54FEF85CA21EF821" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[953,1063,1957,1981]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3A4F3E54FEF85CA21EF821" box="[953,1063,1957,1981]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="523">P. nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by lacking tubercles on the heel and by having a sharper snout and large orange to yellow spots on the posterior surfaces of thighs, which are not outlined by black or brown.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3D4F39569BFF61A4D3FF2C" box="[476,746,152,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gualacenio">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F39569BFF61A4D3FF2C" box="[476,746,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">Pristimantis gualacenio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the new species by lacking dentigerous process and conspicuous conical tubercles on the dorsum, eyelids, tarsus, heel and ulna, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3D4F39532FFF44A334FF48" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1128,1293,188,212]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptomelas">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F39532FFF44A334FF48" box="[1128,1293,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">P. cryptomelas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the new species by lacking nuptial pads and by presenting conspicuous dermal ridges on the head, occipital region and anterior part of dorsum, and by having large conical tubercles on the tarsus and heel.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3D4F3953DEFEFCA3A5FE80" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1177,1436,260,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="versicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F3953DEFEFCA3A5FE80" box="[1177,1436,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">Pristimantis versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3D4F395663FED0A7A9FEDC" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[292,400,296,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F395663FED0A7A9FEDC" box="[292,400,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">P. nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by lacking tubercles on the heel and by presenting a brownish to black groin coloration with red-pinkish flecks (dark brown with bright yellow spots in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3D4F39546CFEB4A5AEFEF8" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[811,919,332,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F39546CFEB4A5AEFEF8" box="[811,919,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">P. nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3D4F3954E9FEB4A289FEF8" box="[942,1200,332,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="churuwiai">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F3954E9FEB4A289FEF8" box="[942,1200,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">Pristimantis churuwiai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the new species by having dorsolateral folds, an internarial tubercle and a finely granular dorsal skin. Furthermore,
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F3957D0FE6CA78BFE30" box="[151,434,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3D4F3957D0FE6CA7A1FE30" box="[151,408,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="churuwiai">Pristimantis churuwiai</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
only known to occur at elevations between
|
||
<date id="1B11FBFB8F3D4F3954DBFE6DA27BFE30" box="[924,1090,404,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" value="1400" valueMax="1800">
|
||
1400 and
|
||
<quantity id="A85770DE8F3D4F39534DFE6DA27BFE30" box="[1034,1090,404,428]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
masl.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3D4F3953CCFE6CA3A5FE30" baseAuthorityName="Jimenez de la Espada" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[1163,1436,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diadematus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F3953CCFE6CA3A5FE30" box="[1163,1436,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">Pristimantis diadematus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the new species by lacking tubercles on ulna, tarsus and upper-eyelid and by having scapular folds and an inguinal coloration that varies from bluish-white, yellowish, pinkish or pale-green with dark brown diagonal bars. Besides,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3D4F395607FDF9A46CFD84" baseAuthorityName="Jimenez de la Espada" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[320,597,512,536]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diadematus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F395607FDF9A46CFD84" box="[320,597,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">Pristimantis diadematus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only occurs in the lowland tropical rainforest at elevations below
|
||
<quantity id="A85770DE8F3D4F395223FDF9A6F6FDA1" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 masl</quantity>
|
||
. Likewise,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3D4F395608FDDCA40DFDA0" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[335,564,549,572]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimarmoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F395608FDDCA40DFDA0" box="[335,564,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">P. ventrimarmoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3D4F39552CFDDCA52AFDA0" baseAuthorityName="Andersson" baseAuthorityYear="1945" box="[619,787,549,572]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrogriseus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F39552CFDDCA52AFDA0" box="[619,787,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">P. nigrogriseus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been only registered at elevations below
|
||
<quantity id="A85770DE8F3D4F395266FDDDA3A1FDA1" box="[1313,1432,548,573]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 masl</quantity>
|
||
, and differ from the new species in that nuptial pads and tarsal tubercles are absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3D4F3953C8FDB0A305FDC3" baseAuthorityName="Andersson" baseAuthorityYear="1945" box="[1167,1340,584,608]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrogriseus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F3953C8FDB0A305FDC3" box="[1167,1340,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">P. nigrogriseus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the tympanic membrane and nuptial pads are absent in
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F395591FD94A5FDFD18" box="[726,964,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3D4F395591FD94A5F9FD18" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[726,960,621,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimarmoratus">P. ventrimarmoratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="3BD08DB38F3D4F3957D0FD57A4CFFD79" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3D4F3957D0FD57A4CFFD79" blockId="4.[151,1436,685,741]" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F3957D0FD57A735FD59" bold="true" box="[151,268,686,709]" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (mm) of adult males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3D4F395584FD57A5A5FD59" authority="Sánchez-Nivicela, 2017" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[707,924,685,709]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F395584FD57A5A5FD59" box="[707,924,685,709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">Pristimantis nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F3954E2FD57A5C4FD59" bold="true" box="[933,1021,686,709]" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46E8BC528F3D4F3954E2FD57A5C4FD59" box="[933,1021,686,709]" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The mean and the standard deviation (SD) values are shown for each morphological character.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="27B58EB08F3D4F3B5661FCF8A5E7FA6C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="526" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3D4F395661FCF8A305FC8B" blockId="4.[294,1340,769,873]" box="[294,1340,769,791]" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">MZUA MZUA MZUA MZUA MZUA Mean±SD</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3D4F395393FCE6A324FCA9" blockId="4.[294,1340,769,873]" box="[1236,1309,799,821]" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">(range)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3D4F395661FCD3A24AFCDC" blockId="4.[294,1340,769,873]" box="[294,1139,810,832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">AN1475 AN1465 AN1462 AN1466 AN1468</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3D4F395661FCAAA24DFCF5" blockId="4.[294,1340,769,873]" box="[294,1140,851,873]" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">Holotype Paratype Paratype Paratype Paratype</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3D4F3957D8FC85A308F9E2" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<table id="1DAF2F9B8F3DB0C257D8FC85A373F9E2" box="[159,1354,892,1662]" gridcols="7" gridrows="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<tr id="D19FDF798F3DB0C257D8FC85A373FC2D" box="[159,1354,892,945]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C257D8FC85A6F7FC2D" box="[159,206,892,945]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">SVL</th>
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C25661FC85A76BFC2D" box="[294,338,892,945]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">24.5</th>
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C256BFFC85A41DFC2D" box="[504,548,892,945]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">25.0</th>
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C255EAFC85A4E0FC2D" box="[685,729,892,945]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">28.6</th>
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C25427FC85A5B5FC2D" box="[864,908,892,945]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">22.4</th>
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C2535BFC85A271FC2D" box="[1052,1096,892,945]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">23.4</th>
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C25393FC85A373FC2D" box="[1236,1354,892,945]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">23.9±2.9 (22.4–8.6)</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D19FDF798F3DB0C257D8FC3DA373FC64" box="[159,1354,964,1016]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C257D8FC3DA6F7FC64" box="[159,206,964,1016]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">EN</th>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25661FC3DA76BFC64" box="[294,338,964,1016]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">4.3</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C256BFFC3DA41DFC64" box="[504,548,964,1016]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">4.1</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C255EAFC3DA4E0FC64" box="[685,729,964,1016]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">5.1</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25427FC3DA5B5FC64" box="[864,908,964,1016]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">3.8</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C2535BFC3DA271FC64" box="[1052,1096,964,1016]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">4.1</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25393FC3DA373FC64" box="[1236,1354,964,1016]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">4.2±0.5 (3.9–5.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D19FDF798F3DB0C257D8FBF2A373FBDC" box="[159,1354,1035,1088]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C257D8FBF2A6F7FBDC" box="[159,206,1035,1088]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">HL</th>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25661FBF2A76BFBDC" box="[294,338,1035,1088]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">7.1</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C256BFFBF2A41DFBDC" box="[504,548,1035,1088]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">6.6</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C255EAFBF2A4E0FBDC" box="[685,729,1035,1088]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">8.2</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25427FBF2A5B5FBDC" box="[864,908,1035,1088]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">7.3</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C2535BFBF2A271FBDC" box="[1052,1096,1035,1088]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">7.0</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25393FBF2A373FBDC" box="[1236,1354,1035,1088]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">7.0±0.8 (6.6–8.2)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D19FDF798F3DB0C257D8FBAAA373FB14" box="[159,1354,1107,1160]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C257D8FBAAA6F7FB14" box="[159,206,1107,1160]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">HW</th>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25661FBAAA76BFB14" box="[294,338,1107,1160]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">9.4</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C256BFFBAAA41DFB14" box="[504,548,1107,1160]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">8.9</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C255EAFBAAA4E0FB14" box="[685,729,1107,1160]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">11.4</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25427FBAAA5B5FB14" box="[864,908,1107,1160]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">8.2</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C2535BFBAAA271FB14" box="[1052,1096,1107,1160]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">8.7</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25393FBAAA373FB14" box="[1236,1354,1107,1160]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">9.0±1.4 (8.2–11.4)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D19FDF798F3DB0C257D8FB62A373FB4C" box="[159,1354,1179,1232]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C257D8FB62A6F7FB4C" box="[159,206,1179,1232]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">IOD</th>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25661FB62A76BFB4C" box="[294,338,1179,1232]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C256BFFB62A41DFB4C" box="[504,548,1179,1232]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C255EAFB62A4E0FB4C" box="[685,729,1179,1232]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25427FB62A5B5FB4C" box="[864,908,1179,1232]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C2535BFB62A271FB4C" box="[1052,1096,1179,1232]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25393FB62A373FB4C" box="[1236,1354,1179,1232]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">2.5±0.5 (2.5–3.3)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D19FDF798F3DB0C257D8FB1AA373FA8B" box="[159,1354,1251,1303]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C257D8FB1AA6F7FA8B" box="[159,206,1251,1303]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">IND</th>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25661FB1AA76BFA8B" box="[294,338,1251,1303]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C256BFFB1AA41DFA8B" box="[504,548,1251,1303]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C255EAFB1AA4E0FA8B" box="[685,729,1251,1303]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25427FB1AA5B5FA8B" box="[864,908,1251,1303]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C2535BFB1AA271FA8B" box="[1052,1096,1251,1303]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">0.8</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25393FB1AA373FA8B" box="[1236,1354,1251,1303]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">1.1±0.3 (0.8–1.4)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D19FDF798F3DB0C257D8FAD3A373FAC3" box="[159,1354,1322,1375]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C257D8FAD3A6F7FAC3" box="[159,206,1322,1375]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">TL</th>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25661FAD3A76BFAC3" box="[294,338,1322,1375]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">13.0</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C256BFFAD3A41DFAC3" box="[504,548,1322,1375]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">13.1</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C255EAFAD3A4E0FAC3" box="[685,729,1322,1375]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">16.2</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25427FAD3A5B5FAC3" box="[864,908,1322,1375]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">12.1</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C2535BFAD3A271FAC3" box="[1052,1096,1322,1375]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">12.7</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25393FAD3A373FAC3" box="[1236,1354,1322,1375]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">12.9±1.9 (12.1–16.2)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D19FDF798F3DB0C257D8FA8BA373FA3B" box="[159,1354,1394,1447]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C257D8FA8BA6F7FA3B" box="[159,206,1394,1447]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">FL</th>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25661FA8BA76BFA3B" box="[294,338,1394,1447]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">10.9</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C256BFFA8BA41DFA3B" box="[504,548,1394,1447]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">10.1</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C255EAFA8BA4E0FA3B" box="[685,729,1394,1447]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">13.8</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25427FA8BA5B5FA3B" box="[864,908,1394,1447]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">9.6</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C2535BFA8BA271FA3B" box="[1052,1096,1394,1447]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">10.8</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25393FA8BA373FA3B" box="[1236,1354,1394,1447]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">10.7±1.8 (9.6–13.8)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D19FDF798F3DB0C257D8FA43A373FA72" box="[159,1354,1466,1518]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C257D8FA43A6F7FA72" box="[159,206,1466,1518]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">TD</th>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25661FA43A76BFA72" box="[294,338,1466,1518]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">7.3</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C256BFFA43A41DFA72" box="[504,548,1466,1518]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">7.5</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C255EAFA43A4E0FA72" box="[685,729,1466,1518]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">9.4</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25427FA43A5B5FA72" box="[864,908,1466,1518]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">6.4</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C2535BFA43A271FA72" box="[1052,1096,1466,1518]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">6.8</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25393FA43A373FA72" box="[1236,1354,1466,1518]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">7.1±1.4 (6.4–9.4)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D19FDF798F3DB0C257D8F9FBA373F9AA" box="[159,1354,1538,1590]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C257D8F9FBA6F7F9AA" box="[159,206,1538,1590]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">ED</th>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25661F9FBA76BF9AA" box="[294,338,1538,1590]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C256BFF9FBA41DF9AA" box="[504,548,1538,1590]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C255EAF9FBA4E0F9AA" box="[685,729,1538,1590]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25427F9FBA5B5F9AA" box="[864,908,1538,1590]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C2535BF9FBA271F9AA" box="[1052,1096,1538,1590]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">0.1</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25393F9FBA373F9AA" box="[1236,1354,1538,1590]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">1.1±0.1 (1.0–1.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D19FDF798F3DB0C257D8F9B0A373F9E2" box="[159,1354,1609,1662]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<th id="924EB6058F3DB0C257D8F9B0A6F7F9E2" box="[159,206,1609,1662]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">EW</th>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25661F9B0A76BF9E2" box="[294,338,1609,1662]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C256BFF9B0A41DF9E2" box="[504,548,1609,1662]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C255EAF9B0A4E0F9E2" box="[685,729,1609,1662]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25427F9B0A5B5F9E2" box="[864,908,1609,1662]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C2535BF9B0A271F9E2" box="[1052,1096,1609,1662]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="924EB6058F3DB0C25393F9B0A373F9E2" box="[1236,1354,1609,1662]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">2.7±0.5 (2.4–3.6)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3D4F395780F944A265F86A" blockId="4.[151,1437,1725,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3D4F395780F944A42FF94A" bold="true" box="[199,534,1725,1750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B01463998F3D4F3956EFF944A428F94A" box="[424,529,1725,1750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Adult male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F794C1BE8F3D4F3955E9F944A523F94A" box="[686,794,1725,1750]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1427,1449]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1293,1315]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1074,1096]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,1424,764,1391]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1271]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,193,1053]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[151,1436,733,1406]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1271]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1053]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Adult male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475, SVL 24.5 mm) and detail of flash marks on the groin, flanks, hidden surfaces of thighs and arm insertion." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Dorsal (A) ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of the preserved male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475; SVL 24.5 mm)." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Details of the hand (A), foot (B), and dorsal and lateral views of the head (C – D) of the adult male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/893027/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/893029/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/893031/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">Figs. 2–4</figureCitation>
|
||
) with SVL
|
||
<quantity id="A85770DE8F3D4F3954E4F944A232F949" box="[931,1035,1725,1750]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" pageId="4" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="24.5">24.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The head is wider than long, head length 75% of the head width. Snout subacuminate in dorsal view and rounded in profile (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F794C1BE8F3D4F3953D3F918A2E1F966" box="[1172,1240,1761,1786]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1074,1096]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1053]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1053]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Details of the hand (A), foot (B), and dorsal and lateral views of the head (C – D) of the adult male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/893031/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="524">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D), eye-nostril length 11.71% of SVL. Canthus rostralis slightly concave in dorsal view, straight in profile view, nostrils laterally oriented; interorbital space flat, narrower than the upper eyelid, interorbital distance 82% of the upper eyelid. Cranial crests absent, upper eyelid with two subconical tubercles and five to eight low and small scattered tubercles. Tympanic membrane differentiated from the surrounding skin, tympanic annulus 42% of eye diameter. Two small rounded postrictal tubercles present. Small and round choanas not concealed by palatal shelf of maxilla. Dentigerous process of vomers present (each with 3–7 teeth), ovoid in shape, situated posteromedially to the choanas, tongue as wide as long, rounded, its anterior 30% attached to floor of mouth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3BD08DB38F3C4F3857D0FAF4A7C2FADE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/893029/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="525" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1271]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3C4F3857D0FAF4A7C2FADE" blockId="5.[151,1435,1293,1346]" pageId="5" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3C4F3857D0FAF4A72FFABE" bold="true" box="[151,278,1293,1315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="525">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal (A) ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of the preserved male holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3C4F385328FAF7A307FABF" authority="Sánchez-Nivicela, 2017" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[1135,1342,1293,1315]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3C4F385328FAF7A307FABF" box="[1135,1342,1293,1315]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="525">Pristimantis nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3C4F385200FAF4A3A2FABE" bold="true" box="[1351,1435,1293,1314]" pageId="5" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46E8BC528F3C4F385200FAF4A3A2FABE" box="[1351,1435,1293,1314]" pageId="5" pageNumber="525" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MZUA.AN.1475; SVL 24.5 mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3C4F385780FA96A7EBF93B" blockId="5.[151,1437,1390,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="525">
|
||
Dorsum finely shagreen with small scattered low tubercles and the skin of venter finely areolate. Discoidal fold absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F794C1BE8F3C4F3857B7FA6BA70CFA37" box="[240,309,1426,1451]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1293,1315]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1271]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1271]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dorsal (A) ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of the preserved male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475; SVL 24.5 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/893029/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="525">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Arms slim with respect to the body, fingers with discs, pads defined by circumferential grooves, narrow lateral fringes on all fingers, palmar tubercle U-shaped, thenar tubercle ovoid, subarticular tubercles rounded and prominent, supernumerary tubercles present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F794C1BE8F3C4F38546FFA23A555FA6F" box="[808,876,1498,1523]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1074,1096]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1053]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1053]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Details of the hand (A), foot (B), and dorsal and lateral views of the head (C – D) of the adult male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/893031/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="525">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Nuptial pads present, vocal slits and vocal sac absent. Hind limbs slim, tibia length 52% of SVL, heel with a small subconical tubercle, outer-edge of tarsus with low and small tubercles; inner tarsal fold well defined. Toes bear narrowly lateral fringes, subarticular tubercles rounded and prominent, inner metatarsal tubercle ovoid, three times longer that the round outer metatarsal tubercle. Supernumerary plantar tubercles present, tip of toes with discs, toe V larger than III, reaching the subarticular distal tubercle of toe IV (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F794C1BE8F3C4F38562AF977A788F93B" box="[365,433,1678,1703]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1074,1096]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1053]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1053]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Details of the hand (A), foot (B), and dorsal and lateral views of the head (C – D) of the adult male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/893031/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="525">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3C4F385780F94BA463F877" blockId="5.[151,1437,1390,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3C4F385780F94BA431F957" bold="true" box="[199,520,1714,1739]" pageId="5" pageNumber="525">
|
||
Coloration of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B01463998F3C4F3856DDF94BA43AF957" box="[410,515,1714,1739]" pageId="5" pageNumber="525" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In life (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F794C1BE8F3C4F385525F94BA49EF957" box="[610,679,1714,1739]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1427,1449]" captionTargetBox="[159,1424,764,1391]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,733,1406]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Adult male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475, SVL 24.5 mm) and detail of flash marks on the groin, flanks, hidden surfaces of thighs and arm insertion." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/893027/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="525">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), the anterior region of dorsum copper-brown with tiny dark brown spots; the posterior region dark brown. Head color on eyelid copper-brown with minute scattered black spots. Iris greenish-cream with thin dark brown flecks and a horizontal reddish copper interorbital bar; a white sclera is visible in the inferior and posterior surface of the eye. Supratympanic stripe dark brown, diffuse brown cantal stripe and supralabial chevrons. A yellowish spot at the base of the humeral region. Thighs, groin and posterior region of the flanks with bright-yellow to orange oval spots and blotches surrounded by dark brown to black, forming a reticulated pattern. Venter salmon pink with dark brown flecks in the thoracic region; posterior surfaces of the thighs and groin are dark brown with bright yellowish ovoid spots. Palmar and plantar surfaces red-brown with dark brownish supernumerary tubercles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3BD08DB38F3F4F3B57D0FBCBA4BFFBFA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/893031/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1053]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3F4F3B57D0FBCBA4BFFBFA" blockId="6.[151,1435,1074,1126]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B57D0FBCBA72DFBDB" bold="true" box="[151,276,1074,1096]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Details of the hand (A), foot (B), and dorsal and lateral views of the head (C–D) of the adult male holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B57D0FBA8A75BFBFA" authority="Sánchez-Nivicela, 2017" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,354,1104,1126]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B57D0FBA8A75BFBFA" box="[151,354,1104,1126]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">Pristimantis nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B562FFBA8A780FBFA" bold="true" box="[360,441,1105,1126]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46E8BC528F3F4F3B562FFBA8A780FBFA" box="[360,441,1105,1126]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MZUA.AN.1475).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3F4F3B5780FB6DA2AAFA84" blockId="6.[151,1436,1171,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">
|
||
In preservative (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F794C1BE8F3F4F3B56C3FB6AA7F3FB30" box="[388,458,1171,1196]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1293,1315]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1271]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1271]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dorsal (A) ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of the preserved male holotype of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. (MZUA. AN. 1475; SVL 24.5 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/893029/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), dorsum light brown with tiny dark brown spots. Upper eyelid, snout and occipital region grey with small dark flecks. Flanks cream with narrowly dark brown chevrons, the groin dark brown with cream oval spots. Venter pinkish-cream with small black and dark brown spots. Dorsal surfaces of digits pinkishcream with dark spots; dorsal surface of thighs dark brown with pale cream circular marks.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3F4F3B5780FADAA5E7FA6C" blockId="6.[151,1436,1171,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B5780FADAA706FAA0" bold="true" box="[199,319,1315,1340]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometrics are presented in
|
||
<tableCitation id="222DE8808F3F4F3B5584FADAA523FAA0" box="[707,794,1315,1340]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,686,709]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (mm) of adult males of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. The mean and the standard deviation (SD) values are shown for each morphological character." pageId="6" pageNumber="526">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. On one specimen (MZUA.AN.1468), tubercles on the dorsum are more conspicuous, while in a sub-adult (MZUA.AN.0705) the venter is notably areolate. In life, all specimens have well differentiated low tarsal tubercles, although this condition is only partially visible in preservative. Also, one of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B01463998F3F4F3B56ABFA69A46EFA34" box="[492,599,1424,1448]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(MZUA.AN.1472) presents two discontinuous copper-brown dorsolateral stripes, and another
|
||
<typeStatus id="B01463998F3F4F3B56CFFA4DA7D1FA50" box="[392,488,1460,1484]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(MZUA.AN.0705) presents an olive green dorsal coloration with brown marks, brighter yellowish humeral marks and dark-brown labial chevrons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F794C1BE8F3F4F3B54CCFA2EA5F6FA6C" box="[907,975,1495,1520]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1366,1388]" captionTargetBox="[197,1391,561,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[177,1421,507,1354]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Color variation in specimens of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. A) MZUA. AN. 1465 (SVL 25.0 mm), B) MZUA. AN. 1472 (SVL 18.5 mm), C) MZUA. AN. 0705 (SVL 17.7 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/893033/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="27B58EB08F3F4F3B5780FA02A566F9A4" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3F4F3B5780FA02A566F9A4" blockId="6.[151,1436,1171,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B5780FA02A777F988" bold="true" box="[199,334,1531,1556]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B550FFA02A4A0F98F" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[584,665,1531,1555]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B550FFA02A4A0F98F" box="[584,665,1531,1555]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” corresponds to the Latin masculine noun for cloudy or dark cloud, and refers to the constant cloudy conditions of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B01463998F3F4F3B5589F9D9A4C7F9A4" box="[718,766,1568,1592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="27B58EB08F3F4F3A5780F9BAA5D7FF48" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="527" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3F4F3A5780F9BAA5D7FF48" blockId="6.[151,1436,1171,2024]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,464]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="527" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B5780F9BAA469F9C0" bold="true" box="[199,592,1603,1628]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">Distribution and natural history</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B5525F9BDA57FF9C7" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[610,838,1603,1627]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B5525F9BDA57FF9C7" box="[610,838,1603,1627]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">Pristimantis nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B01463998F3F4F3B532AF9BDA2A4F9C0" box="[1133,1181,1604,1628]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, at elevations between
|
||
<quantity id="A85770DE8F3F4F3B57BCF991A781F91C" box="[251,440,1639,1664]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" unit="m" value="2300.0" valueMax="2400.0" valueMin="2200.0">2200–2400 masl</quantity>
|
||
. The area is part of the Tinajillas-Rio Gualaceño Ecological Conservation Area, a region of montane cloud forests in the southeastern Andes of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="17B89DAB8F3F4F3B55BAF972A563F938" box="[765,858,1675,1700]" name="Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="F794C1BE8F3F4F3B542CF972A595F938" box="[875,940,1675,1700]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1573,1595]" captionTargetBox="[202,1394,226,1510]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1548]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of Ecuador showing the distribution of Pristimantis nimbus sp. nov. at the Tinajillas-Río Gualaceño Ecological Conservation Area, Morona Santiago, Ecuador." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/893025/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). The forest is dominated by tree species of the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B5654F949A49CF95B" authority=", Weinmannia, Cinchona" authorityName="Weinmannia, Cinchona" box="[275,677,1711,1735]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Oreopanax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B5654F949A49CF95B" box="[275,677,1711,1735]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">Oreopanax, Weinmannia, Cinchona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B559AF949A517F95B" authorityName="Aublet" authorityYear="1775" box="[733,814,1712,1735]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Ocotea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B559AF949A517F95B" box="[733,814,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">Ocotea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the canopy reaches
|
||
<quantity id="A85770DE8F3F4F3B5304F949A244F95B" box="[1091,1149,1712,1736]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
and is characterized by a high dominance of epiphytes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B3EA0CA8F3F4F3B56BBF92DA4FCF970" author="Baez" box="[508,709,1747,1772]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" refString="Baez, S., Santiana, J. & Guevara, J. (2013) Bosque siempreverde montano del Sur de la Cordillera Oriental de los Andes. In: Ministerio del Ambiente del Ecuador 2012. Sistema de Clasificacion de los Ecosistemas del Ecuador Continental. Ministerio del Ambiente del Ecuador, Quito, pp. 122 - 123." type="book chapter" year="2013">
|
||
Baez
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B5506F92DA444F977" box="[577,637,1747,1771]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). All individuals of
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B54F1F92DA29BF977" box="[950,1186,1747,1771]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">
|
||
Pristimantus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B5316F92AA29BF977" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[1105,1186,1747,1771]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus">nimbus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
were found at night, perching on leaves and branches between
|
||
<quantity id="A85770DE8F3F4F3B553CF901A4FBF893" box="[635,706,1784,1808]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" unit="cm" value="80.0">80 cm</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="A85770DE8F3F4F3B55ADF90EA579F893" box="[746,832,1783,1808]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" unit="cm" value="150.0">150 cm</quantity>
|
||
above the ground. The analysis of stomach contents rendered a total of 17 prey items of different unidentified species in five orders (Aranae,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B53F3F8E2A30BF8A8" box="[1204,1330,1819,1844]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B5206F8E2A3A1F8A8" authorityName="" authorityYear="1758" box="[1345,1432,1819,1844]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B57D0F8C6A794F8C4" authority=", Lepidoptera" authorityName="Lepidoptera" box="[151,429,1855,1880]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera, Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
). 30.9% of prey items could not be determined at the family level but belong to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B57D0F89AA4A5F8E0" authority=", Lepidoptera and Aranae. Among" authorityName="Lepidoptera and Aranae. Among" box="[151,668,1891,1916]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Aranae. Among</taxonomicName>
|
||
the items identified at the family level, most common preys were species in the families
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B5687F87EA413F83C" box="[448,554,1927,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tipulidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(23.5%) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B55A5F87EA545F83C" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[738,892,1927,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Membracidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(16.6%). Other families preyed upon were
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B57D0F852A70FF858" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[151,310,1963,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Curculionidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(11.6%), Licosidae (5.8%),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B553EF852A4C1F858" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1834" box="[633,760,1963,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tephritidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(5.8%) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B54C1F852A226F858" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[902,1055,1963,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pentatomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(5.8%). Other species of anurans found in syntopy were
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B56EEF829A4F1F87B" authorityName="Elmer and Cannatella" authorityYear="2008" box="[425,712,1999,2024]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altamnis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B56EEF829A40BF87B" box="[425,562,2000,2023]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B5522F836A4F1F87B" box="[613,712,1999,2023]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">altamnis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B558FF836A4F5F87B" box="[712,716,1999,2023]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3B5590F829A2AEF874" authority="(Jimenez de la Espada, 1870)" authorityName="Jimenez de la Espada" authorityYear="1870" baseAuthorityName="Jimenez de la Espada" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[727,1175,1999,2024]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galdi">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B5590F829A509F87B" box="[727,816,1999,2023]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">P. galdi</emphasis>
|
||
(Jimenez de la Espada, 1870)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3F4F3A53E0F829A6E3FF2C" authority="(Lynch 1979)" authorityName="Lynch" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="527" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="proserpens">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3F4F3B53E0F829A37BF87B" box="[1191,1346,2000,2023]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="526">P. proserpens</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B3EA0CA8F3F4F3A5213F836A6EAFF2C" author="Lynch" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="527" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" refString="Lynch, J. D. (1979) Leptodactylid frogs of the genus Eleutherodactylus from Andes southern of Ecuador. Miscellanuos Publications of Kansas University Natural History Museum, 66, 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="1979">Lynch 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3E4F3A57ABFF60A44EFF2C" authority="(Urgiles et al. 2014)" authorityName="Urgiles et al." authorityYear="2014" box="[236,631,151,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinajillas">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A57ABFF60A74BFF2C" box="[236,370,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">P. tinajillas</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B3EA0CA8F3E4F3A56C0FF6EA456FF2C" author="Urgiles" box="[391,623,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" refString="Urgiles, V. L., Sanchez-Nivicela, J. C., Nieves, C. & Yanez-Munoz, M. H. (2014) Ranas terrestres en los ecosistemas surandinos de Ecuador I: Dos nuevas especies de Pristimantis (Anura: Craugastoridae) de la ladera oriental. Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierias, 6, B 51 - B 59. https: // doi. org / 10.18272 / aci. v 6 i 1.159" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Urgiles
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A56A0FF60A41FFF2C" box="[487,550,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3E4F3A55CEFF60A2BEFF2C" authority="(Jimenez de la Espada 1870)" authorityName="Jimenez de la Espada" authorityYear="1870" baseAuthorityName="Jimenez de la Espada" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[649,1159,151,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="versicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A55CEFF60A525FF2C" box="[649,796,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">P. versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
(Jiménez de la Espada 1870)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3E4F3A53DFFF61A77EFF49" authority="(Laurenti 1768)" authorityName="Laurenti" authorityYear="1768" baseAuthorityName="Laurenti" baseAuthorityYear="1768" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="margaritifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A53DFFF61A3A5FF2C" box="[1176,1436,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">Rhinella margaritifera</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B3EA0CA8F3E4F3A57D9FF45A706FF49" author="Laurenti" box="[158,319,188,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" refString="Laurenti, J. N. (1768) Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin reptilium emendatam cum experimentis circa venena et antidota reptilium austracorum, quod authoritate et consensu. Joan. Thomae, Vienna, 217 pp" type="book" year="1768">Laurenti 1768</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3E4F3A5612FF45A78FFF48" box="[341,438,188,212]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A5612FF45A78FFF48" box="[341,438,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">Noblella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., and three unidentified species of
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A541AFF44A5D7FF48" box="[861,1006,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3E4F3A541AFF44A5D3FF48" box="[861,1002,189,212]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pristimantis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="27B58EB08F3E4F3A5780FF26A590FE4C" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="6F10DD3B8F3E4F3A5780FF26A590FE4C" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A5780FF26A702FF64" bold="true" box="[199,315,223,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The exposed tympanic membrane, expanded digital discs, presence of vomerine teeth, toe V much longer than the III and the absence of a cranial crest are all features that indicate that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3E4F3A5323FEFCA37FFE80" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[1124,1350,260,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A5323FEFCA37FFE80" box="[1124,1350,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">Pristimantis nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fits the definition of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3E4F3A5615FED1A451FEA3" baseAuthorityName="Günther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[338,616,296,319]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unistrigatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A5615FED1A451FEA3" box="[338,616,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">Pristimantis unistrigatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group (
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A5450FED0A56CFEDC" box="[791,853,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B3EA0CA8F3E4F3A541BFEDEA20AFEDC" author="Hedges" box="[860,1075,295,320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" refString="Hedges, S. B., Duellman, W. E. & Heinicke, M. P. (2008) New World direct-developing frogs (Anura: Terrarana): Molecular phylogeny, classification, biogeography, and conservation. Zootaxa, 1737, 1 - 182." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Hedges
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A54F0FED0A5D1FEDC" box="[951,1000,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, several studies (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B3EA0CA8F3E4F3A57D0FEB4A758FEF8" author="Hoyos" box="[151,353,332,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" refString="Hoyos, J. M., Mantilla, C., Galindo, D. & Salgar, L. (2014) Phylogenetic analysis within the Pristimantis unistrigatus (Anura, Craugastoridae) group based on morphological characters. Caldasia, 36, 107 - 124. https: // doi. org / 10.15446 / caldasia. v 36 n 1.43894" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Hoyos
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A57A0FEB4A726FEF8" box="[231,287,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B3EA0CA8F3E4F3A562BFEB5A408FEF8" author="Padial" box="[364,561,332,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" refString="Padial, J. M., Grant, T. & Frost, D. R. (2014) Molecular systematics of terraranas (Anura: Brachycephaloidea) with an assessment of the effects of alignment and optimality criteria. Zootaxa, 3825 (1), 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3825.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Padial
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A56FEFEB4A7C8FEF8" box="[441,497,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) revealed rampant paraphyly in this group, which was dismantled by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B3EA0CA8F3E4F3A527CFEB5A737FE14" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" refString="Padial, J. M., Grant, T. & Frost, D. R. (2014) Molecular systematics of terraranas (Anura: Brachycephaloidea) with an assessment of the effects of alignment and optimality criteria. Zootaxa, 3825 (1), 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3825.1.1" type="journal article">
|
||
Padial
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A52CFFEB4A68DFE14" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Given the lack of evidence for the monophyly of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3E4F3A54E0FE89A2FAFE1B" baseAuthorityName="Günther" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[935,1219,368,391]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unistrigatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A54E0FE89A2FAFE1B" box="[935,1219,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">Pristimantis unistrigatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, as well as morphological evidence that would unambiguously place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3E4F3A546EFE6CA5AEFE30" authorityName="Sánchez-Nivicela" authorityYear="2017" box="[809,919,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nimbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A546EFE6CA5AEFE30" box="[809,919,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">P. nimbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to any of the available monophyletic species groups of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AFA6B88F3E4F3A564FFE41A7A8FE53" box="[264,401,440,463]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DDB01298F3E4F3A564FFE41A7A8FE53" box="[264,401,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="527">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we leave the new species unassigned to group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |