375 lines
40 KiB
XML
375 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.7754" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fc82b1a1-2343-4735-a7e2-11e37ab26281" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127864664" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-2" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1860-1324-2" ModsDocOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 61 (2)" ModsDocTitle="Two new related oodine genera in the Oriental Region, with remarks on the systematic position of the genera Hololeius and Holosoma (Coleoptera, Carabidae)" checkinTime="1418151589113" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gueorguiev, Borislav" docDate="2014" docId="DD79EC34BB254F9CB1A988B135B86F75" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 61(2): 87-104" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 61 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.7754" docTitle="Holosoma Semenov 1889" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="88" masterDocId="40197A1CFF8EFFD1FFEDB042E16CFF8D" masterDocTitle="Two new related oodine genera in the Oriental Region, with remarks on the systematic position of the genera Hololeius and Holosoma (Coleoptera, Carabidae)" masterLastPageNumber="104" masterPageNumber="87" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" updateTime="1643525315145" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
|
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>Two new related oodine genera in the Oriental Region, with remarks on the systematic position of the genera Hololeius and Holosoma (Coleoptera, Carabidae)</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Gueorguiev, Borislav</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part>
|
|
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number>61</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
|
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start>87</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end>104</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location>
|
|
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.7754</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.7754</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-1324-2</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127864664" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD79EC34BB254F9CB1A988B135B86F75" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD79EC34BB254F9CB1A988B135B86F75" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="88" type="multiple">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="88" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Semenov, 1889" authorityName="Semenov" authorityYear="1889" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Holosoma Semenov, 1889</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="88" type="reference_group">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Heller, 1923" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parahololius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parahololius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parahololius</taxonomicName>
|
|
Heller, 1923: 66 (type species
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Heller, 1923" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parahololius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parahololius weigoldi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="weigoldi">Parahololius weigoldi</taxonomicName>
|
|
Heller, 1923)
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Semenov, 1927" authorityName="Semenov" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parololius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parololius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parololius</taxonomicName>
|
|
Semenov, 1927: 232 [unjustified emendation of
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Heller, 1923" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parahololius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parahololius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parahololius</taxonomicName>
|
|
, not in prevailing usage]
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="88" type="type species">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Type species.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma opacum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opacum">Holosoma opacum</taxonomicName>
|
|
Semenov, 1889
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="88" type="historical remarks">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Historical remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Semenov, AP" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou (nouvelle serie)" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" pagination="686 - 693" title="Apercu des genres palearctiques de la tribu des anchomenides (famille des carabiques)." volume="2" year="1889">Semenov (1889</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 388) proposed the generic name
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Holosoma</taxonomicName>
|
|
for
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma opacum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opacum">Holosoma opacum</taxonomicName>
|
|
from South Gansu, China. The author placed the genus in "subtribum Oodidarum, prope genera
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Oodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oodes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oodes</taxonomicName>
|
|
Bon. et
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Simous" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Simous" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Simous</taxonomicName>
|
|
Chaud, collocandum" (ibid.: 389). This tribal placement has been subsequently accepted (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Jakobson, GG" editor="Devrien, AF" journalOrPublisher="A. F. Devrien, Sankt-Petersburg" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="241 - 320" title="Zhuki Rossii i Zapadnoi Evropy" year="1906">Jakobson 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 310-311). In 1923,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Heller, KM" journalOrPublisher="Entomologischen Blaetter" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="61 - 79" title="Die Coleopterenausbeute der Stotzerschen Sze-Tschwan-Expedition." volume="19" year="1923">Heller (1923</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 66) described the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Heller, 1923" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parahololius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parahololius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parahololius</taxonomicName>
|
|
Heller, 1923, for
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Heller, 1923" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parahololius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parahololius weigoldi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="weigoldi">Parahololius weigoldi</taxonomicName>
|
|
Heller, 1923, from Sichuan, China. He placed this genus in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
, near to
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Hololeius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hololeius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hololeius</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Shortly afterwards,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Semenov, AP" journalOrPublisher="Russkoe Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" pagination="230 - 239" title="Analecta coleopterologica. Koleopterologicheskie zametki. XX." volume="21" year="1927">Semenov (1927</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 232) proposed [not
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Basilewsky, P" journalOrPublisher="Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="3 - 252" title="Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba. Mission G. F. De Witte. Carabidae (Coleoptera Adephaga)" year="1953">Basilewsky 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, as
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Kirschenhofer, E" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Oesterreichischer Entomologen" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="77 - 84" title="Neue Arten Gattung Holosoma Semenov, 1889 aus China (Col. Carabidae, Oodiinae, Trib. Simoini)." url="http://www.landesmuseum.at/pdf_frei_remote/ZAOE_47_0077-0084.pdf" volume="47" year="1995">Kirschenhofer 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 77 stated] the synonymy of
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Heller, 1923" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parahololius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parahololius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parahololius</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Holosoma</taxonomicName>
|
|
and emended the former name to
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Semenov, 1927" authorityName="Semenov" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parololius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parololius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parololius</taxonomicName>
|
|
[according to the Article 32.2.3 of
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Heller, KM" journalOrPublisher="International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" title="International Code on Zoological Nomenclature, fourth edition, adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences" url="http://www.iczn.org/iczn" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, the change of the original name to
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Semenov, 1927" authorityName="Semenov" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parololius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parololius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parololius</taxonomicName>
|
|
is an "unjustified emendation].
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Jedlicka, A" journalOrPublisher="Casopis Ceskoslovnske Spolecnosti Entomologicke" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="21 - 30" title="Neue Carabiden aus China-Szetschuan." volume="1 / 2" year="1931">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jedlička">Jedlicka</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1931
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 21-22) described
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma rambouseki" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rambouseki">Holosoma rambouseki</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jedlička">Jedlicka</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1931 from Sichuan, China.
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Andrewes, HE" journalOrPublisher="Arkiv foer Zoologi" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="8 - 12" title="Schwedisch-chinesische wissenschaftliche Expeditionennachden Nordwestlichen Provinzen Chinas, unter Leitung von Dr. Sven Hedin und Prof. Su Ping-Chang. Insecten gesammelt von schwedischen Artz der Expedition Dr. David Hummel 1927 - 1930. 18. Coleoptera. 4. Carabidae und Cicindelidae. C. Harpalinae: Apotomini, Broscini, Pogonini, and Chlaeniini." volume="27 A" year="1935">Andrewes (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
described
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Chlaenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlaenius hedini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedini">Chlaenius hedini</taxonomicName>
|
|
Andrewes, 1935, from North Gansu and Southeast Sichuan, China. He noted, "It does not appear to be nearly allied to any other Asiatic species." [of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Chlaenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlaenius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chlaenius</taxonomicName>
|
|
Bonelli, 1810].
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Jedlicka, A" journalOrPublisher="Entomologisches Nachrichtenbaltt" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="51 - 55" title="Neue Carabiden aus Ostasien. (XI. Teil)." volume="10" year="1936">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jedlička">Jedlicka</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1936
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 51) described
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma boettcheri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boettcheri">Holosoma boettcheri</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jedlička">Jedlicka</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1936, from the Philippines, which is the only known extra-Palaearctic record for the genus. Subsequent authors dealing with the genus, except for
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Lorenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Tutzing" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" title="Systematic list of extant ground beetles of the World. (Insecta, Coleoptera, Adephaga: Trachypachidae & Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodinae)" year="2005">Lorenz (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, have omitted this species. I have seen the holotype of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma boettcheri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boettcheri">Holosoma boettcheri</taxonomicName>
|
|
in BMNH and found that it belongs to a different group of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Later,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Basilewsky, P" journalOrPublisher="Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="3 - 252" title="Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba. Mission G. F. De Witte. Carabidae (Coleoptera Adephaga)" year="1953">Basilewsky (1953</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 153) included
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Holosoma</taxonomicName>
|
|
to the tribe
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Simoini">Simoini</taxonomicName>
|
|
Basilewsky, 1953, of subfamily
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Oodinae">Oodinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
(sensu Jeannel, 1949a).
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Kirschenhofer, E" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Oesterreichischer Entomologen" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="77 - 84" title="Neue Arten Gattung Holosoma Semenov, 1889 aus China (Col. Carabidae, Oodiinae, Trib. Simoini)." url="http://www.landesmuseum.at/pdf_frei_remote/ZAOE_47_0077-0084.pdf" volume="47" year="1995">Kirschenhofer (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
reviewed the known species (excl.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Chlaenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlaenius hedini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedini">Chlaenius hedini</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma boettcheri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boettcheri">Holosoma boettcheri</taxonomicName>
|
|
), adding three more species and retaining the tribal affiliation of the genus. Later, he synonymized one of his added taxa with
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma hedini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedini">Holosoma hedini</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Kirschenhofer, E" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="317 - 332" title="Neue Chlaeniinae der palaearktischen und orientalischen Region (Coleoptera, Carabidae)." url="http://www.landesmuseum.at/pdf_frei_remote/ENT_0019_0317-0329.pdf" volume="19 / 20" year="1998">Kirschenhofer 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Recently,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Ito, N" journalOrPublisher="The Entomological Review of Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="95 - 104" title="Note on Species of the Genus Holosoma (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Oodinae: Simoini)." volume="58" year="2003">Ito (2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Ito, N" journalOrPublisher="Elytra, Tokyo (New Series)" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="303 - 310" title="Two New Species and One Subspecies of the Genus Holosoma from China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Oodini)." volume="2" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) added five more species and one subspecies to the genus and keyed all species known at that time. He retained the position of the genus within the
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="88" type="taxonomic position">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">Taxonomic position.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
The discussion here is based on all the generic and species descriptions (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Semenov, AP" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou (nouvelle serie)" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" pagination="686 - 693" title="Apercu des genres palearctiques de la tribu des anchomenides (famille des carabiques)." volume="2" year="1889">Semenov 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Heller, KM" journalOrPublisher="Entomologischen Blaetter" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="61 - 79" title="Die Coleopterenausbeute der Stotzerschen Sze-Tschwan-Expedition." volume="19" year="1923">Heller 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Jedlicka, A" journalOrPublisher="Casopis Ceskoslovnske Spolecnosti Entomologicke" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="21 - 30" title="Neue Carabiden aus China-Szetschuan." volume="1 / 2" year="1931">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jedlička">Jedlicka</normalizedToken>
|
|
1931
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Andrewes, HE" journalOrPublisher="Arkiv foer Zoologi" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="8 - 12" title="Schwedisch-chinesische wissenschaftliche Expeditionennachden Nordwestlichen Provinzen Chinas, unter Leitung von Dr. Sven Hedin und Prof. Su Ping-Chang. Insecten gesammelt von schwedischen Artz der Expedition Dr. David Hummel 1927 - 1930. 18. Coleoptera. 4. Carabidae und Cicindelidae. C. Harpalinae: Apotomini, Broscini, Pogonini, and Chlaeniini." volume="27 A" year="1935">Andrewes 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Kirschenhofer, E" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Oesterreichischer Entomologen" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="77 - 84" title="Neue Arten Gattung Holosoma Semenov, 1889 aus China (Col. Carabidae, Oodiinae, Trib. Simoini)." url="http://www.landesmuseum.at/pdf_frei_remote/ZAOE_47_0077-0084.pdf" volume="47" year="1995">Kirschenhofer 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Ito, N" journalOrPublisher="The Entomological Review of Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="95 - 104" title="Note on Species of the Genus Holosoma (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Oodinae: Simoini)." volume="58" year="2003">Ito 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Ito, N" journalOrPublisher="Elytra, Tokyo (New Series)" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="303 - 310" title="Two New Species and One Subspecies of the Genus Holosoma from China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Oodini)." volume="2" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and on the detailed examination of two specimens. It considers only the characters that are significant for the tribal position of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Holosoma</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Excluding
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma boettcheri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boettcheri">Holosoma boettcheri</taxonomicName>
|
|
, I am aware that the group is homogeneous and the main structural features are uniform among the species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
Pronotum posterior margin as wide as basal margin of elytra, thus habitus seems semi-oval rather than elongate. Atypical of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
(but occurs in a few species, such as the Nearctic
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Chlaenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlaenius tomentosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tomentosus">Chlaenius tomentosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Say, 1823); remark by R. Davidson). Typical of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
, except for the new genera. This condition is probably a derived trend within the genus because it occurs in most, but not all, species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
Body dorsally with metallic lustre (greenish, turquoise, bluish, violet to black-blue) on dorsal surface. Habitual to
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
, since many species from this tribe are metallic colored. In the
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
, a metallic hue is present only in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bamaroodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bamaroodes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bamaroodes</taxonomicName>
|
|
gen. n., most species of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Simous" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Simous" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Simous</taxonomicName>
|
|
and a few taxa of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Stenocrepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenocrepis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Stenocrepis</taxonomicName>
|
|
Chaudoir, 1857.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
Integument sparsely pubescent dorsally and ventrally. The character is distinctive of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but it is unknown in the
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. In the species of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Holosoma</taxonomicName>
|
|
, the dorsal surface of the head, antennomere 3 (excl. apical setae), pronotum, intervals 8-9 of elytra, prosternum, mesepisternum, mesocoxa, mesofemur, metasternum, metepisternum, and abdomen all have rather fine and scattered punctures (see also
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Kirschenhofer, E" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Oesterreichischer Entomologen" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="77 - 84" title="Neue Arten Gattung Holosoma Semenov, 1889 aus China (Col. Carabidae, Oodiinae, Trib. Simoini)." url="http://www.landesmuseum.at/pdf_frei_remote/ZAOE_47_0077-0084.pdf" volume="47" year="1995">Kirschenhofer 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Ito, N" journalOrPublisher="The Entomological Review of Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="95 - 104" title="Note on Species of the Genus Holosoma (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Oodinae: Simoini)." volume="58" year="2003">Ito 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Most of the punctures are provided with short, yellowish hairs, usually well visible under higher magnification. Sparse pubescence is also present on the medial elytral intervals posteriorly, though it is much more sporadic than on the intervals 8-9.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
Labrum with six setae along anterior margin. This feature is typical of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Although it is present in most
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
, several groups have different setation of the labrum.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
Clypeus with a pair of setae. The condition is usual for
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Although it occurs in most
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
, several groups lack clypeal setae.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
Penultimate labial palpomere with 2-4 spines at front margin. Indicative of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
(occurs in the most of the species). This feature is unknown in the
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Jedlicka, A" journalOrPublisher="Casopis Ceskoslovnske Spolecnosti Entomologicke" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="21 - 30" title="Neue Carabiden aus China-Szetschuan." volume="1 / 2" year="1931">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jedlička">Jedlicka</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1931
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 22) has noted that the penultimate labial palpomere in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma rambouseki" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rambouseki">Holosoma rambouseki</taxonomicName>
|
|
lack setae, but this fact needs verification.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
Terminal labial palpomere with a few fine and short setae on lateral margin (see also
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Ito, N" journalOrPublisher="Elytra, Tokyo (New Series)" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="303 - 310" title="Two New Species and One Subspecies of the Genus Holosoma from China (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Oodini)." volume="2" year="2012">Ito 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 303). Occurs in some
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Unknown in the
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
Elytral stria 8 shallower than, or as deep as striae 1-7. Typical of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
, except for
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Hololeius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hololeius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hololeius</taxonomicName>
|
|
. All taxa of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
I have studied have stria 8 more or less grooved along its extent and deeper than other striae.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
Discal setiferous punctures situated in elytral intervals 3 and 5, or in intervals 3, 5 and 7. There is no data for this condition in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but it is also atypical of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Like point 1, it can be an apotypic trend within the genus since it occurs in several, but not in all species of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Holosoma</taxonomicName>
|
|
. For example,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma hedini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedini">Holosoma hedini</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma heros" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heros">Holosoma heros</taxonomicName>
|
|
Kirschenhofer, 1995, and the specimens from Wenxian possess setiferous punctures in intervals 3, 5 and 7.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma namikoae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namikoae">Holosoma namikoae</taxonomicName>
|
|
Ito, 2012, has such punctures only in intervals 3 and 5, and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma rambouseki" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rambouseki">Holosoma rambouseki</taxonomicName>
|
|
solely in interval 3. Discal punctures are lacking in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma opacum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opacum">Holosoma opacum</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma nigritum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigritum">Holosoma nigritum</taxonomicName>
|
|
Ito, 2003,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma imurai" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imurai">Holosoma imurai</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma speciosum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="speciosum">Holosoma speciosum</taxonomicName>
|
|
Ito, 2003, and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma misaoae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="misaoae">Holosoma misaoae</taxonomicName>
|
|
Ito, 2012. This character has not been described for
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma weigoldi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="weigoldi">Holosoma weigoldi</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
Elytral intervals 7 and 8 separate (e.g., not fused) posteriorly, thus stria 7 perceptible to apex. Typical of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Unusual for
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
, except for
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bamaroodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bamaroodes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bamaroodes</taxonomicName>
|
|
gen. n.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
Elytral interval 8 not forming ridge laterally. Typical of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Unusual for
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
, except for
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bamaroodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bamaroodes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bamaroodes</taxonomicName>
|
|
gen. n.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
Tarsomere 5 of all legs setose ventrally. Typical of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Unusual for
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
, except for the two new genera and a few species of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Systolocranius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Systolocranius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Systolocranius</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Among the species of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Holosoma</taxonomicName>
|
|
, the number of the setae varies from two to six on each side of tarsomere 5.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
Quinone-like smell defensive secretion. This is one of three groups of compounds used for defence in the
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. It is not found in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Ito, N" journalOrPublisher="The Entomological Review of Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="95 - 104" title="Note on Species of the Genus Holosoma (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Oodinae: Simoini)." volume="58" year="2003">Ito (2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 95) noted that the defensive chemical in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Holosoma</taxonomicName>
|
|
is "also the same as that of the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Chlaenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlaenius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chlaenius</taxonomicName>
|
|
". I noticed this pungent smell many times when was taking the specimens from Wenxian out of the test-tube and handling them. The odor is identical or similar to that existing in the European species of
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Reitter, 1908" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Chlaeniellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlaeniellus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chlaeniellus</taxonomicName>
|
|
Reitter, 1908 (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Bousquet, Y" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" pagination="165 - 166" title="Notes about the relationships of the Callistini (= Chlaeniini) (Coleoptera: Carabidae)." volume="41" year="1987">Bousquet 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Moore, BP" editor="Erwin, TL" journalOrPublisher="Junk, The Hague" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" pagination="193 - 203" title="Chemical defence in carabids and its bearing on phylogeny." url="http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-009-9628-1_9" volumeTitle="Carabid beetles: their evolution, natural history, and classification" year="1979">Moore (1979</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 198-199) regarded the quinones as one of the most elaborate defensive strategies in the ground beetles.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
Thirteen character states are considered. Number 9 is not counted due to deficient data about its presence among other taxa. Six character states, i.e., 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 13, are typical for
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
and are unknown to
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Characters 10, 11 and 12 are also typical of the
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
and have a few exceptions in the
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Similarly, characters 4 and 5 are always indicative of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Most genera and species of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
also share these two conditions, but there are some important exceptions. Character 1 is the only one characteristic of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Oodini">Oodini</taxonomicName>
|
|
and not typical of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="88">
|
|
In conclusion,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Holosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holosoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Holosoma</taxonomicName>
|
|
lacks oodine characters but does share important traits with the chlaeniines. It is therefore removed to a new tribal placement incertae sedis within
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="88" rank="tribe" tribe="Chlaeniini">Chlaeniini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The precise affinity of the genus within the tribe remains unresolved.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |