675 lines
82 KiB
XML
675 lines
82 KiB
XML
<document id="BEDD1B1CA8E64B4830DEC394BF2BACCA" ID-CLB-Dataset="45859" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3794.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8f255bd6-4072-4dfc-ab35-d233e0766ff3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="285997" ID-ZooBank="51852298-F299-4392-9C89-A6FD14D3E1D0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460415861649" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Parra-Velandia, Fernando J., Zea, Sven & Van Soest, Rob W. M." docDate="2014" docId="03F7DF34C018FFD7FF40CD3FDE10ECBC" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03794p343.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3794 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Agelas clathrodes Schmidt 1870" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="329" masterDocId="FFCEA74CC002FFCBFFD7CF1CDF59EF3C" masterDocTitle="Reef sponges of the genus Agelas (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Greater Caribbean" masterLastPageNumber="343" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="327" updateTime="1698328800454" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="2BFD2F16F2BE2A6EFCF0D7EF77478AC6">Reef sponges of the genus Agelas (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Greater Caribbean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B0CE42C39808379DAE2017CFE16D09A2">Parra-Velandia, Fernando J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="88DD6EB5BD78C6EE2CF8D19D4AB40FDE">Zea, Sven</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="789C482760087F605BD213D47DA03B9D">Van Soest, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C6BD4ECAEEF958EA2A4059544A100061">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F8F8F9B19BCFAB69C0B917BFA0C3C46A">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6C0E2898703A599DA881704F4648D44E">3794</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F7DF34C018FFD7FF40CD3FDE10ECBC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5691141" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119425049" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5691141" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F7DF34C018FFD7FF40CD3FDE10ECBC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F7DF34C018FFD7FF40CD3FDE10ECBC" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="329" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
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<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C018FFD1FF40CD3FDE05ED5C" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C018FFD1FF40CD3FDD7EED01" blockId="26.[151,551,547,608]" box="[151,551,547,573]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
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<heading id="D0A9D94EC018FFD1FF40CD3FDD7EED01" bold="true" box="[151,551,547,573]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FF40CD3FDD7EED01" ID-CoL="662G2" authority="Schmidt, 1870" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,551,547,573]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FF40CD3FDD7EED01" bold="true" box="[151,551,547,573]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FF40CD3FDE3DED00" bold="true" box="[151,356,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Agelas clathrodes</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FEA5CD38DD47ED01" author="Schmidt" box="[370,542,548,573]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Schmidt, E. O. (1870) Grundzuge Einer Spongien-Fauna Des Atlanthischen Gebietes. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 88 pp." type="book" year="1870">Schmidt, 1870</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C018FFD1FF40CD5BDE05ED5C" blockId="26.[151,551,547,608]" box="[151,348,583,608]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
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<figureCitation id="136572A7C018FFD1FF40CD5BDFB9ED5C" box="[151,224,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1850,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,293,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,293,1805]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. SEM images of Agelas. A) Spicules of A. conifera holotype. B) Spicules of A. clathrodes holotype. C) to D) Fibre skeleton with primary and secondary fibre echination, in A. citrina (C), A. dispar (D, curved fibres) and A. conifera (E). F) Detail of the skeleton of A. conifera showing coring spicules in a broken primary fibre. G) Detail of the skeleton of A. citrina with its long spicules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285998/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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B, 11, 15D
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C018FFD1FF40CD8CDD28ED9A" box="[151,625,656,678]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C018FFD1FF40CD8CDD28ED9A" blockId="26.[151,1437,656,1260]" box="[151,625,656,678]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Etymology from Greek, meaning lattice, grate.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C018FFD1FF40CDB2DE65EBD0" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C018FFD1FF40CDB2DC49EDF8" blockId="26.[151,1437,656,1260]" box="[151,784,686,708]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E490CC018FFD1FF40CDB2DC49EDF8" box="[151,784,686,708]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FF40CDB2DD1AEDF8" ID-CoL="THGL" authority="Schmidt, 1870: 60" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityPageNumber="60" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,579,686,708]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Chalinopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FF40CDB2DED9EDF8" box="[151,384,686,708]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Chalinopsis clathrodes</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FE51CDB2DD1AEDF8" author="Schmidt" box="[390,579,686,708]" page="60" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1870">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FE51CDB2DD44EDF8" author="Schmidt" box="[390,541,686,708]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Schmidt, E. O. (1870) Grundzuge Einer Spongien-Fauna Des Atlanthischen Gebietes. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 88 pp." type="book" year="1870">Schmidt, 1870</bibRefCitation>
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: 60
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FD99CDB3DC52EDF8" author="Topsent" box="[590,779,686,708]" page="22" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1920">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FD99CDB3DDBFEDF8" author="Topsent" box="[590,742,686,708]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Topsent, E. (1920) Spongiaires du Musee Zoologique de Strasbourg: Monaxonides. Bulletin de l'Institut oceanographique de Monaco, 381, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1920" yearSuffix="a">Topsent 1920a</bibRefCitation>
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: 22
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C018FFD1FF40CDD2DB91EDDF" blockId="26.[151,1437,656,1260]" box="[151,1224,717,739]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E490CC018FFD1FF40CDD2DB91EDDF" box="[151,1224,717,739]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FF40CDD2DD7DEDDF" ID-CoL="38RVM" authority="Carter, 1883: 311" authorityName="Carter" authorityPageNumber="311" authorityYear="1883" box="[151,548,717,739]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Ectyon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flabelliformis">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FF40CDD2DE35EDDF" box="[151,364,717,739]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Ectyon flabelliformis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FEA5CDD1DD7DEDDF" author="Carter" box="[370,548,717,739]" page="311" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1883">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FEA5CDD1DEAAEDDF" author="Carter" box="[370,499,717,739]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Carter, H. J. (1883) Contributions to our knowledge of the Spongida. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 5, 12 (71), 308 - 329. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938309459636" type="journal article" year="1883">Carter, 1883</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 311
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, pl. 11,
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||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C018FFD1FDA3CDD1DDF6EDDF" box="[628,687,717,739]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1850,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,293,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,293,1805]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. SEM images of Agelas. A) Spicules of A. conifera holotype. B) Spicules of A. clathrodes holotype. C) to D) Fibre skeleton with primary and secondary fibre echination, in A. citrina (C), A. dispar (D, curved fibres) and A. conifera (E). F) Detail of the skeleton of A. conifera showing coring spicules in a broken primary fibre. G) Detail of the skeleton of A. citrina with its long spicules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285998/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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||
, la (in part:
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||
<typeStatus id="54E5D080C018FFD1FCFCCDD1DCEAEDDF" box="[811,947,717,739]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
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||
only BMNH 1884.4.14.4).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C018FFD1FF40CDF1DE63EC62" blockId="26.[151,1437,656,1260]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E490CC018FFD1FF40CDF1DE63EC62" infered="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FF40CDF1DD25EC3E" ID-CoL="38RVR" authority="Gray sensu Carter 1882a: 281" authorityName="Gray sensu Carter" authorityPageNumber="281" authorityYear="1882" box="[151,636,748,770]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Ectyon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sparsus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FF40CDF1DE6DEC3E" box="[151,308,749,770]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Ectyon sparsus</emphasis>
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||
Gray sensu
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FE69CDF0DD25EC3E" author="Carter" box="[446,636,748,770]" page="281" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1882">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FE69CDF0DD10EC3E" author="Carter" box="[446,585,748,770]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Carter, H. J. (1882) Some sponges from the West Indies and Acapulco in the Liverpool Free Museum described, with general and classificatory remarks. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 5, 9 (52), 266 - 301, 346 - 368. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938209459039" type="journal article" year="1882" yearSuffix="a">Carter 1882a</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 281
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(
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<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FD59CDF0DDBDEC3E" box="[654,740,748,770]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Antigua</collectingCountry>
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. Two hypotypes mentioned, five present: CLM Sp. 24, registered BMNH 39.3.24.45; Sp. 23, 26, both registered BMNH 39.3.24.57; Sp. 25, registered BMNH 39.3.24.58; Sp. 30, not registered);
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FE94CC35DEADEC03" author="Carter" box="[323,500,809,831]" page="312" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1883">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FE94CC35DE98EC03" author="Carter" box="[323,449,809,831]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Carter, H. J. (1883) Contributions to our knowledge of the Spongida. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 5, 12 (71), 308 - 329. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938309459636" type="journal article" year="1883">Carter 1883</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 312
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</treatmentCitation>
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(in part: only BMNH 1842.12.21.40, with Carter's 'No. 462', West Indies, ex Bowerbank collection).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C018FFD1FF40CC7ADB76EB6F" blockId="26.[151,1437,656,1260]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E490CC018FFD1FF40CC7ADB76EB6F" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FF40CC7ADE09EC40" ID-CoL="662G2" box="[151,336,870,892]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FF40CC7ADE09EC40" box="[151,336,870,892]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Agelas clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FEB6CC7ADD3BEC40" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[353,610,870,892]" page="131" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1977">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FEB6CC7ADD76EC40" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[353,559,870,892]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) A monograph of the shallow-water sponges of the Western Bahamas. Experientia. Supplementum. 28. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel und Stuttgart, 287 pp." type="book" year="1977">Wiedenmayer 1977</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 131
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part, Figs. 139C–D, pl. 28
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C018FFD1FC61CC7ADB5DEC40" box="[950,1028,870,892]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1348,1370]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1327]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 12. Photographs of Agelas schmidti. A) Small round, tapered finger from Belize. B) Minute open tubes from Rosario Islands, Colombia. C) Fouled finger, the Bahamas (center only). D and E) Holotype at USNM (courtesy of K. Ruetzler and C. Dietrich)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286008/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
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||
; USNM 30218, USNM 30129, 0719);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FF10CC99DEA3ECA7" author="Collette" box="[199,506,901,923]" page="309" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1977">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FF10CC99DE9DECA7" author="Collette" box="[199,452,901,923]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Collette, B. B. & Rutzler, K. (1977) Reef fishes over sponge bottoms off the mouth of the Amazon River. Proceedings of the 3 rd International Coral Reef Symposium, 305 - 310. [Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science. University of Miami, Miami, Florida]" type="proceedings paper" year="1977">Collette & Rützler 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 309
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FDD1CC99DC4BECA7" author="Bakus" box="[518,786,901,923]" page="418" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1979">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FDD1CC99DD87ECA7" author="Bakus" box="[518,734,901,923]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Bakus, G. J. & Thun, M (1979) Bioassays on the toxicity of Caribbean sponges. Colloques internationaux Centre national de la recherche scientifique, 291, 417 - 422." type="journal article" year="1979">Bakus & Thun 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 418
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FCC8CC99DB67ECA7" author="George" box="[799,1086,901,923]" page="45" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1979">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FCC8CC99DB4FECA7" author="George" box="[799,1046,901,923]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="George, D. & George, J. (1979) Marine Life. An ilustrated encyclopedia of invertebrates in the sea. Harrap & Co., Ltd., London, 228 pp. [Porifera: 1 - 18, figs. 2 - 3, pls. 1 - 9]" type="book chapter" year="1979">George & George 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 45
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FB9CCC99DBB0ECA7" author="Colin" box="[1099,1257,901,923]" page="86" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1978">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FB9CCC99DB9BECA7" author="Colin" box="[1099,1218,901,923]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Colin, P. I. (1978) Caribbean reef invertebrates and plants. T. F. H. Publications, Neptune City, NJ, 512 pp." type="book" year="1978">Colin 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 86
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, Fig. pg. 60; van
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FF10CCB8DE3DEC86" author="Soest" box="[199,356,932,954]" page="32" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1981">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FF10CCB8DE65EC86" author="Soest" box="[199,316,932,954]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van (1981) A checklist of the Curacao sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) including a pictorial key to the more common reef forms. Verslagen en Technische Gegevens Instituut voor Taxonomische Zoologie (Zoologisch Museum) Universiteit van Amsterdam, 31, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1981">Soest 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 32
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FEA6CCB8DD93EC86" author="Gomez-Lopez" box="[369,714,932,954]" page="81" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1984">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FEA6CCB8DDFAEC86" author="Gomez-Lopez" box="[369,675,932,954]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Gomez-Lopez, P. & Green, G. (1984) Sistematica de las esponjas marinas de Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Anales del Instituto Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 11 (1), 65 - 90." type="journal article" year="1984">Gómez-López & Green 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 81
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, Figs. 21–22;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FCB6CCB8DBA4EC86" author="Wintermann-Kilian" box="[865,1277,932,954]" page="132" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1984">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FCB6CCB8DB91EC86" author="Wintermann-Kilian" box="[865,1224,932,954]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Wintermann-Kilian, G. & Kilian, E. F. (1984) Marine sponges of the region of Santa Marta (Colombia) part 2. Homosclerophorida, Choristida, Spirophorida, Hadromerida, Axinellida, Halichondrida, Poecilosclerida. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 19, 121 - 135. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650528409360650" type="journal article" year="1984">Wintermann-Kilian & Kilian 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 132
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FADDCCB8DE74ECE4" author="Pulitzer-Finali" page="110" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1986">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FADDCCB8DFA4ECE4" author="Pulitzer-Finali" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1986) A collection of West Indian Demonspongiae (Porifera). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, 86, 65 - 216." type="journal article" year="1986">Pulitzer-Finali 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 110
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 32;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FE5CCCDFDD47ECE4" author="Zea" box="[395,542,962,984]" page="217" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1987">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FE5CCCDFDEB4ECE4" author="Zea" box="[395,493,962,984]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Zea, S. (1987) Esponjas del Caribe colombiano. Catalogo Cientifico, Bogota, 286 pp." type="book" year="1987">Zea 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 217
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, Fig 79, Pl. 3,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C018FFD1FD78CCDEDC49ECE4" box="[687,784,962,984]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="11.[151,250,1945,1967]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,250,1004,1026]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,411,1923]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,982]" captionTargetId-0="figure@11.[151,1436,411,1923]" captionTargetId-1="figure@13.[151,1436,193,983]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Photographs of Agelas cervicornis. Note the aspect if openings. A) Cylindrical. B) Rough surface detail. C) Subcylindrical ramifications. D) Multiple ramifications from specimens of the Bahamas. E) wide flattened. F) Cylindrical. G) Rough surface detail. H) Subcylindrical specimen from Jamaica." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Photographs of Agelas wiedenmayeri. A) Two tubes from the Bahamas; note the tube bud on the left tube. B) Five tubes from Belize, note two tiny tube buds at the common base. C) One tube from San Andres Island, Colombia. D) Keyholed tube covered by cianobacteria at Rosario Islands, Colombia." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/286000/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/286001/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Figs. 3–4</figureCitation>
|
||
; van
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FC93CCDEDB13ECE4" author="Soest" box="[836,1098,962,984]" page="98" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1988">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FC93CCDEDB7FECE4" author="Soest" box="[836,1062,962,984]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van & Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados deep water sponges. Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 70, 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1988">Soest & Stentoft 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 98
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 47;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FB7FCCDFDA39ECE4" author="Humann" box="[1192,1376,962,984]" page="52" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1992">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FB7FCCDFDA62ECE4" author="Humann" box="[1192,1339,962,984]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Humann, P. (1992) Reef creature identification. Florida, Caribbean, Bahamas. New World Publications, Inc., Jacksonville, 320 pp." type="book" year="1992">Humann 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 52
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, Figs. P. 52, 53;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FEFBCCFDDE83ECCB" author="Gammill" box="[300,474,993,1015]" page="7" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1997">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FEFBCCFDDE9AECCB" author="Gammill" box="[300,451,993,1015]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Gammill, E. R. (1997) Identification of Coral Reef Sponges. Atlantic / Caribbean Edition. Providence Marine Publishing, Inc., Tampa, 117 pp." type="book" year="1997">Gammill 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 7
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C018FFD1FE31CCFDDD75ECCB" box="[486,556,993,1015]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1795,1817]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,221,1733]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,221,1733]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 8. Photographs of Agelas tubulata. Note the position of oscules with respect to the growing axis plane. A) Holotype at ZMA. B) Jamaica. C) H. Lehnert image from ZMA photographic archives. D) Jamaica. E) Solitary tube, Belize; note the little tube bud at the lower left. F) Detail of the previous specimen. G) Robust tubes with irregular grooves at San Andrés Island, Colombia; note the even surface between grooves. H) Slender group of long tubes at San Andres Island; note predation marks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286004/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
, 20, 26, 31, 34, 94; Lehnert & van
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FC46CCFDDB73ECCB" author="Soest" box="[913,1066,993,1015]" page="63" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FC46CCFDDB5CECCB" author="Soest" box="[913,1029,993,1015]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Lehnert, H., Soest, R. W. M. van (1996) North Jamaican deep fore-reef sponges. Beaufortia, 46, 53 - 81." type="journal article" year="1996">Soest 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 63
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 53; Lehnert & van
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FAF3CCFDDFBBEB2A" author="Soest" page="81" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1998">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FAF3CCFDDAC1ECCB" author="Soest" box="[1316,1432,993,1015]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Lehnert, H., Soest, R. W. M. van (1998) Shallow water sponges of Jamaica. Beaufortia, 48, 71 - 103." type="journal article" year="1998">Soest 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 81
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, Lehnert & van Soest 1999: 154;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FDE2CB1CDDADEB2A" author="Assmann" box="[565,756,1024,1046]" page="37" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="2000">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FDE2CB1CDD89EB2A" author="Assmann" box="[565,720,1024,1046]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Assmann, M. (2000) Bromierte Pyrrol-Alkaloide aus karibischen Schwammed der Gattung Agelas: Isolierung, Strukturaufklarung und chemische Okologie. Dr. rer. Nat. dissertation, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat, Frankfurt, 165 pp." type="book" year="2000">Assmann 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 37
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 5, Figs. B–E;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FC7ECB1CDB26EB2A" author="Valderrama" box="[937,1151,1024,1046]" page="48" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FC7ECB1CDB02EB2A" author="Valderrama" box="[937,1115,1024,1046]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Valderrama, D. F. (2001) Taxonomia y distribucion de esponjas arrecifales (Porifera) del noroccidente del Golfo de Uraba, Caribe colombiano. B. Sc. thesis, Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Santa Marta, 187 pp." type="book" year="2001">Valderrama 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 48
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FB5DCB1CDA6DEB2A" author="Gomez" box="[1162,1332,1024,1046]" page="74" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FB5DCB1CDA49EB2A" author="Gomez" box="[1162,1296,1024,1046]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Gomez, P. (2002) Esponjas marinas del Golfo de Mexico y del Caribe. AGT Editor, S. A., Mexico D. F., 134 pp." type="book" year="2002">Gómez 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 74
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FAE8CB1CDE7DEB08" author="Alcolado" page="61" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FAE8CB1CDFA7EB08" author="Alcolado" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Alcolado, P. M. (2002) Catalogo de las esponjas de Cuba. Avicennia, 15, 53 - 72." type="journal article" year="2002">Alcolado 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 61
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; Díaz 2005: 470;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FE0CCB02DD9CEB08" author="Collin" box="[475,709,1054,1077]" page="650" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FE0CCB02DDCBEB08" author="Collin" box="[475,658,1054,1077]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Collin, R., Diaz, M. C., Norenburg, J., Rocha, M. J., Sanchez, J. A., Schulze, J. A., Schwartz, M. & Valdes, A. (2005) Photographic identification guide to some common marine invertebrates of Bocas del Toro, Panama. Caribbean Journal of Science, 41 (3), 638 - 707." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Collin
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FDF6CB3CDD16EB08" box="[545,591,1054,1077]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 650
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FD07CB02DCACEB08" author="Erpenbeck" box="[720,1013,1054,1077]" page="1564" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="2007">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FD07CB02DCEDEB08" author="Erpenbeck" box="[720,948,1054,1077]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Erpenbeck, D., Duran, S., Rutzler, K., Paul, V., Hooper, J. N. A. & Worheide, G. (2007) Towards a DNA taxonomy of Caribbean demosponges: a gene tree reconstructed from partial mitochondrial CO 1 gene sequences supports previous rDNA phylogenies and provides a new perspective on the systematics of Demospongiae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 87, 1563 - 1570. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315407058195" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Erpenbeck
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FC93CB3CDC21EB08" box="[836,888,1054,1077]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1564
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FBD7CB02DBAFEB08" author="Muricy" box="[1024,1270,1054,1077]" page="890" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="2008">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FBD7CB02DB9BEB08" author="Muricy" box="[1024,1218,1054,1077]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Muricy, G., Esteves, E. L., Moraes, F., Santos, J. P., da Silva, S., Klautau, M. & Lanna, E. (2008) Biodiversidade marinha da Bacia Potiguar. Porifera. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Serie Livros 29, 156 pp." type="book" year="2008">
|
||
Muricy
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FB85CB3CDB26EB08" box="[1106,1151,1054,1077]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 890
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs.; 2001: 37; Rützler
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FECFCB22DE1DEB6F" box="[280,324,1085,1107]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009: 302; Zea
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FE27CB22DD44EB6F" box="[496,541,1085,1107]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FDBECB21DC6DEB6F" author="Messing" box="[617,820,1085,1107]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Messing, C. G., Diaz, M. C., Kohler, K. E., Reed, J. K., Rutzler, K., Soest, R. W. M. van, Wulff, J. & Zea, S. (2009) South Florida Sponges. A guide to identification. Available from http: // www. nova. edu / ncri / sofla _ sponge _ guide / index. html (accessed 11 August 2012)" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Messing
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FD12CB22DDABEB6F" box="[709,754,1085,1107]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FCE9CB22DCAEEB6F" author="Moraes" box="[830,1015,1085,1107]" page="164" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FCE9CB22DC9CEB6F" author="Moraes" box="[830,965,1085,1107]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Moraes, F. C. de (2011) Esponjas das ilhas oceanicas Brasileiras. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Serie Livros 44, 252 pp." type="book" year="2011">Moraes 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 164
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C018FFD1FF75CB41DBDAEB93" blockId="26.[151,1437,656,1260]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
||
[Non:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FF30CB40DEF8EB4E" ID-CoL="662G2" box="[231,417,1116,1138]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FF30CB40DEF8EB4E" box="[231,417,1116,1138]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Agelas clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FE65CB40DDD9EB4E" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[434,640,1116,1138]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) A monograph of the shallow-water sponges of the Western Bahamas. Experientia. Supplementum. 28. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel und Stuttgart, 287 pp." type="book" year="1977">Wiedenmayer 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 131 (in part) B279–280 (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FC7BCB40DB47EB4E" ID-CoL="662GH" box="[940,1054,1116,1138]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FC7BCB40DB47EB4E" box="[940,1054,1116,1138]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">A. sventres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FBBFCB40DB86EB4E" author="Soest" box="[1128,1247,1116,1138]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van (1981) A checklist of the Curacao sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) including a pictorial key to the more common reef forms. Verslagen en Technische Gegevens Instituut voor Taxonomische Zoologie (Zoologisch Museum) Universiteit van Amsterdam, 31, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1981">Soest 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 10 (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FAFFCB40DAD4EB4E" ID-CoL="662FQ" box="[1320,1421,1116,1138]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FAFFCB40DAD4EB4E" box="[1320,1421,1116,1138]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">A. citrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FF10CB66DEF1EBAC" author="Alvarez" box="[199,424,1146,1168]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Alvarez, B. & Diaz, M. C. (1985) Las esponjas de un arrecife coralino en el Parque Nacional Archipielago Los Roques: taxonomia y ecologia. B. Sc. thesis, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, 216 pp." type="book" year="1985">Álvarez & Díaz 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 90, Fig. 26 (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FD95CB67DDFDEBAC" ID-CoL="662FQ" box="[578,676,1147,1168]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FD95CB67DDFDEBAC" box="[578,676,1147,1168]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">A. citrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FD6CCB67DC65EBAC" author="Hoppe" box="[699,828,1146,1168]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Hoppe, F. W. (1988) Growth, regeneration and predation in three species of large coral reef sponges. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 50, 117 - 125. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 050117" type="journal article" year="1988">Hoppe 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 120,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C018FFD1FCACCB66DCE1EBAC" box="[891,952,1146,1168]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1726,1748]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1704]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Photographs of Agelas dispar. A) Holotype. B) Bahamas massive specimen; note clustered collared oscules, and small circular oscules. C) Barbados round lobate specimen. D) Belize. E) Jamaica. F) San Andres Island (Colombia) flabellate specimen; note the keyhole-shaped oscules. G) Rosario Islands (Colombia) lobate specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285999/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C. as
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FC2CCB67DA54EBAC" box="[1019,1293,1146,1168]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FC2CCB67DBDAEBAC" ID-CoL="662G2" box="[1019,1155,1146,1168]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">A. clathrodes</taxonomicName>
|
||
'flabelliform'
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FAFCCB67DAD4EBAC" ID-CoL="662FQ" box="[1323,1421,1147,1168]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FAFCCB67DAD4EBAC" box="[1323,1421,1147,1168]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">A. citrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); Kobluk & van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FE89CB85DE88EB93" author="Soest" box="[350,465,1177,1199]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Kobluk, D. R. & Soest, R. W. M. van (1989) Cavity-dwelling sponges in a Southern Caribbean coral reef and their paleontological implications. Bulletin of Marine Science, 44 (3), 1207 - 1235." type="journal article" year="1989">Soest 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1210 (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FDFCCB86DDD3EB93" ID-CoL="662FQ" box="[555,650,1178,1199]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FDFCCB86DDD3EB93" box="[555,650,1178,1199]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">A. citrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); Erhardt & Moosleitner 1997: 80 (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FBD4CB86DB32EB93" ID-CoL="662GH" box="[1027,1131,1178,1199]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FBD4CB86DB32EB93" box="[1027,1131,1178,1199]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">A.sventres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C018FFD1FF40CBA4DE65EBD0" blockId="26.[151,1437,656,1260]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E490CC018FFD1FF40CBA4DE65EBD0" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FF40CBA4DE7DEBF2" box="[151,292,1208,1230]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FF77CBA4DE7DEBF2" ID-CoL="662FC" authority="Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864: 76" authorityName="Duchassaing & Michelotti" authorityPageNumber="76" authorityYear="1864" box="[160,292,1208,1230]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rudis">Agelas rudis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FEFCCBA4DDFAEBF2" author="Duchassaing" box="[299,675,1208,1230]" page="76" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1864">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FEFCCBA4DD24EBF2" author="Duchassaing" box="[299,637,1208,1230]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Duchassaing de Fonbressin, P. & Michelotti, G. (1864) Spongiaires de la mer Caraibe. Natuurkundige verhandelingen van de Hollandsche maatschappij der wetenschappen te Haarlem, 21 (3), 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1864">Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 76
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 15,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C018FFD1FD20CBA4DC6CEBF2" box="[759,821,1208,1230]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1726,1748]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1704]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Photographs of Agelas dispar. A) Holotype. B) Bahamas massive specimen; note clustered collared oscules, and small circular oscules. C) Barbados round lobate specimen. D) Belize. E) Jamaica. F) San Andres Island (Colombia) flabellate specimen; note the keyhole-shaped oscules. G) Rosario Islands (Colombia) lobate specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285999/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, St. Thomas, no
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E5D080C018FFD1FC34CBA5DB56EBF2" box="[995,1039,1209,1230]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material is extant (see van
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C018FFD1FAFDCBA4DE69EBD0" author="Soest" page="197" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" year="1983">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FAFDCBA4DFA4EBD0" author="Soest" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van, Stone, S. M., Boury-Esnault, N. & Rutzler, K. (1983) Catalogue of the Duchassaing and Michelotti 1864 collection of West Indian sponges (Porifera). Bulletin of the Zoological Museum of the University of Amsterdam, 9 (2), 189 - 205." type="journal article" year="1983">
|
||
Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FABFCBA5DACFEBF2" box="[1384,1430,1208,1230]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1983
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 197
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C018FFD1FF40CA05DA09E8A9" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C018FFD1FF40CA05DB1AEAFE" blockId="26.[151,1437,1305,1942]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FF40CA05DE89EA0E" bold="true" box="[151,464,1305,1330]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Material and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E5D080C018FFD1FE00CA05DD66EA0E" box="[471,575,1305,1330]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
examined, deposited in the Zoologisk Museum København; it was collected off Caracas without any further information. The material reviewed here includes (but is not restricted to) specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FE85CA7DDEBAEA46" box="[338,483,1377,1402]" name="Bahamas" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
(INV–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C018FFD1FDE5CA7EDD33EA46" box="[562,618,1378,1402]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
934),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FD63CA7DDDA2EA46" box="[692,763,1377,1402]" name="Belize" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
(INV–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C018FFD1FC9CCA7EDCDAEA46" box="[843,899,1378,1402]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
960), Rosario Islands (INV–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C018FFD1FB1CCA7EDA5AEA46" box="[1227,1283,1378,1402]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
968, see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FF40CA9ADE50EAA2" author="Zea" box="[151,265,1414,1438]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Zea, S. (1987) Esponjas del Caribe colombiano. Catalogo Cientifico, Bogota, 286 pp." type="book" year="1987">Zea, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FECACA99DE2EEAA2" box="[285,375,1413,1438]" name="Jamaica" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(INV–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C018FFD1FE12CA9ADEA4EAA2" box="[453,509,1414,1438]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
996), San Andres Island (INV–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C018FFD1FC89CA9ADCCFEAA2" box="[862,918,1414,1438]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
982, see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FBE5CA9ADBF8EAA2" author="Zea" box="[1074,1185,1414,1438]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Zea, S. (1987) Esponjas del Caribe colombiano. Catalogo Cientifico, Bogota, 286 pp." type="book" year="1987">Zea, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from Old Providence) and Santa
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FEDBCAB6DE16EAFD" box="[268,335,1450,1473]" name="Malta" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Marta</collectingCountry>
|
||
(INV–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C018FFD1FE4ACAB6DE8CEAFE" box="[413,469,1450,1474]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
991, see also by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FD41CAB5DB6FEAFE" author="Wintermann-Kilian" box="[662,1078,1449,1474]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Wintermann-Kilian, G. & Kilian, E. F. (1984) Marine sponges of the region of Santa Marta (Colombia) part 2. Homosclerophorida, Choristida, Spirophorida, Hadromerida, Axinellida, Halichondrida, Poecilosclerida. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 19, 121 - 135. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650528409360650" type="journal article" year="1984">Wintermann-Kilian and Kilian, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C018FFD1FF10CAD1DA09E8A9" blockId="26.[151,1437,1305,1942]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
||
All specimens collected in reefs of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FDB3CAD2DD98EADA" box="[612,705,1486,1510]" name="Curaçao" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FD29CAD1DC31EADA" box="[766,872,1485,1510]" name="Barbados" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
were provisionally labelled
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FB64CAD2DA00EAD9" box="[1203,1369,1485,1509]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
||
A.?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FB37CAD1DA00EAD9" box="[1248,1369,1485,1509]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">clathrodes</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
or
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FA53CAD2DFA9E935" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">
|
||
A.?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FF75CAEEDFA9E935" box="[162,240,1522,1545]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrina">citrina</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, but later they were identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FDBDCAEEDD8CE935" box="[618,725,1522,1545]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FDBDCAEEDD8CE935" box="[618,725,1522,1545]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">A. citrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FC83CAEEDCB0E935" box="[852,1001,1521,1545]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FC83CAEEDCB0E935" box="[852,1001,1521,1545]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">A. clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be absent from shallow locations of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FF62C909DE7BE912" box="[181,290,1557,1582]" name="Barbados" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
, van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FE8BC90ADD3EE912" author="Soest" box="[348,615,1557,1582]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van & Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados deep water sponges. Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 70, 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1988">Soest & Stentoft (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
collected two specimens from
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C018FFD1FC12C909DB1EE911" box="[965,1095,1557,1582]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.215" metricValueMax="1.35" metricValueMin="1.08" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" unit="m" value="121.5" valueMax="135.0" valueMin="108.0">108–135 m</quantity>
|
||
; those specimens (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C018FFD1FACFC90ADA0EE912" box="[1304,1367,1558,1582]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C018FFD1FAB2C90ADAC4E912" box="[1381,1437,1558,1582]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
5355, 5356) were examined by us and clearly belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FCD1C926DCC0E96D" box="[774,921,1593,1617]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FCD1C926DCC0E96D" box="[774,921,1593,1617]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">A. clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; other specimens present at
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C018FFD1FB03C926DA4BE96E" box="[1236,1298,1594,1618]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
include Los Roques (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FF2DC941DE2BE94A" box="[250,370,1629,1654]" name="Venezuela" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C018FFD1FEA9C942DEE5E94A" box="[382,444,1630,1654]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C018FFD1FE1DC942DD58E94A" box="[458,513,1630,1654]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
5325) and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FD79C942DD86E94A" box="[686,735,1630,1654]" name="United States of America" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">U.S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FD3FC941DCDFE94A" box="[744,902,1629,1654]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C018FFD1FC41C942DC8CE94A" box="[918,981,1630,1654]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C018FFD1FC34C942DB42E94A" box="[995,1051,1630,1654]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
8551); previous works (including accounts by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FEFDC99DDD51E9A6" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[298,520,1665,1690]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) A monograph of the shallow-water sponges of the Western Bahamas. Experientia. Supplementum. 28. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel und Stuttgart, 287 pp." type="book" year="1977">Wiedenmayer 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FD91C99EDDEAE9A6" author="Zea" box="[582,691,1666,1690]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Zea, S. (1987) Esponjas del Caribe colombiano. Catalogo Cientifico, Bogota, 286 pp." type="book" year="1987">Zea 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) have reported the species also from Florida East coast and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FAADC99DDFA7E982" name="Bahamas" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FEC5C9B9DEE6E982" author="Gammill" box="[274,447,1701,1726]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Gammill, E. R. (1997) Identification of Coral Reef Sponges. Atlantic / Caribbean Edition. Providence Marine Publishing, Inc., Tampa, 117 pp." type="book" year="1997">Gammill 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FE07C9BADDD9E982" author="Assmann" box="[464,640,1702,1726]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Assmann, M. (2000) Bromierte Pyrrol-Alkaloide aus karibischen Schwammed der Gattung Agelas: Isolierung, Strukturaufklarung und chemische Okologie. Dr. rer. Nat. dissertation, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat, Frankfurt, 165 pp." type="book" year="2000">Assmann 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Rützler
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FD26C9BADC71E981" box="[753,808,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009; Zea
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FC69C9BADCACE981" box="[958,1013,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FB82C9B9DA11E982" author="Messing" box="[1109,1352,1701,1726]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Messing, C. G., Diaz, M. C., Kohler, K. E., Reed, J. K., Rutzler, K., Soest, R. W. M. van, Wulff, J. & Zea, S. (2009) South Florida Sponges. A guide to identification. Available from http: // www. nova. edu / ncri / sofla _ sponge _ guide / index. html (accessed 11 August 2012)" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Messing
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FB16C9BADBAEE981" box="[1217,1271,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FAB6C9B9DAC5E982" box="[1377,1436,1701,1726]" name="Cuba" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FF49C9D5DE13E9DE" author="Alcolado" box="[158,330,1737,1762]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Alcolado, P. M. (2002) Catalogo de las esponjas de Cuba. Avicennia, 15, 53 - 72." type="journal article" year="2002">Alcolado 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FE89C9D5DD10E9DE" box="[350,585,1737,1762]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Dominican Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FD82C9D6DDDEE9DE" box="[597,647,1738,1762]" name="United States of America" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">U.S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FD59C9D5DC77E9DE" box="[654,814,1737,1762]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FCEDC9D6DCE6E9DE" box="[826,959,1737,1762]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FC19C9D5DBEAE9DE" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[974,1203,1737,1762]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1986) A collection of West Indian Demonspongiae (Porifera). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, 86, 65 - 216." type="journal article" year="1986">Pulitzer-Finali 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FB68C9D5DA6EE9DE" author="Weil" box="[1215,1335,1737,1762]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Weil, E. (2006) Diversidad y abundancia relativa de corales, octocorales y esponjas en el Parque Nacional Jaragua, Republica Dominicana. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 54 (2), 423 - 443." type="journal article" year="2006">Weil 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Gulf of Urabá in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FED7C9F1DE37E83A" box="[256,366,1773,1798]" name="Colombia" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FEAAC9F1DD1DE83A" author="Valderrama" box="[381,580,1773,1798]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Valderrama, D. F. (2001) Taxonomia y distribucion de esponjas arrecifales (Porifera) del noroccidente del Golfo de Uraba, Caribe colombiano. B. Sc. thesis, Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Santa Marta, 187 pp." type="book" year="2001">Valderrama 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FD8FC9F2DDE8E839" box="[600,689,1774,1797]" name="Panama" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Díaz 2005;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FC92C9F1DB57E83A" author="Collin" box="[837,1038,1773,1798]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Collin, R., Diaz, M. C., Norenburg, J., Rocha, M. J., Sanchez, J. A., Schulze, J. A., Schwartz, M. & Valdes, A. (2005) Photographic identification guide to some common marine invertebrates of Bocas del Toro, Panama. Caribbean Journal of Science, 41 (3), 638 - 707." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Collin
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FC45C9F2DC9AE839" box="[914,963,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Yucatán, Campeche and Veracruz in the Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FE94C80DDEC1E816" box="[323,408,1809,1834]" name="Mexico" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Gómez
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FDDFC80EDC5AE816" author="Lopez" box="[520,771,1810,1834]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Gomez-Lopez, P. & Green, G. (1984) Sistematica de las esponjas marinas de Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Anales del Instituto Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 11 (1), 65 - 90." type="journal article" year="1984">López & Green 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FCC6C80EDCF0E816" author="Gomez" box="[785,937,1810,1834]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Gomez, P. (2002) Esponjas marinas del Golfo de Mexico y del Caribe. AGT Editor, S. A., Mexico D. F., 134 pp." type="book" year="2002">Gómez 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Rützler
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FBC3C80EDB11E815" box="[1044,1096,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009;), and several areas of continental
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C018FFD1FEC9C829DE3BE872" box="[286,354,1845,1870]" name="Brazil" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(from N to SE regions,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FD5DC829DC32E872" author="Muricy" box="[650,875,1845,1870]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Muricy, G., Esteves, E. L., Moraes, F., Santos, J. P., da Silva, S., Klautau, M. & Lanna, E. (2008) Biodiversidade marinha da Bacia Potiguar. Porifera. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Serie Livros 29, 156 pp." type="book" year="2008">
|
||
Muricy
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FD3FC82ADC44E871" box="[744,797,1845,1869]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FCACC82ADCEDE872" author="Muricy" box="[891,948,1846,1870]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Muricy, G., Lopes, D. A., Hajdu, E., Carvalho, M. de S., Moraes, F. C., Klautau, M., Menegola, C. & Pineiro, U. (2011) Catalogue of Brazilian Porifera. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Serie Livros 46, 299 pp." type="book" year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and its oceanic islands (Atol das Rocas, Fernando de Noronha, cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FE1DC846DD3DE84E" author="Moraes" box="[458,612,1882,1906]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Moraes, F. C. de (2011) Esponjas das ilhas oceanicas Brasileiras. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Serie Livros 44, 252 pp." type="book" year="2011">Moraes 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from the above, we consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C018FFD1FC18C846DB06E84D" box="[975,1119,1881,1905]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C018FFD1FC18C846DB06E84D" box="[975,1119,1881,1905]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="327">A clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a tropical western Atlantic species (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C018FFD1FE80C861DEA4E8AA" author="Gammill" box="[343,509,1917,1942]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" refString="Gammill, E. R. (1997) Identification of Coral Reef Sponges. Atlantic / Caribbean Edition. Providence Marine Publishing, Inc., Tampa, 117 pp." type="book" year="1997">Gammill 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Our specimens were found from
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C018FFD1FC55C862DCB4E8A9" box="[898,1005,1918,1942]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" unit="m" value="22.5" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="7.0">7 to 38 m</quantity>
|
||
in depth, abundant at
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C018FFD1FB31C862DA15E8A9" box="[1254,1356,1918,1942]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" unit="m" value="26.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="23.0">
|
||
23–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D58A5ABC018FFD1FAC7C862DA15E8A9" box="[1296,1356,1918,1942]" pageId="26" pageNumber="327" type="generic">30 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF213EAAC019FFD0FF40CA58DACAEAA4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286007/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1326]" targetPageId="27">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C019FFD0FF40CA58DACAEAA4" blockId="27.[151,1436,1348,1432]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C019FFD0FF40CA58DE46EA66" bold="true" box="[151,287,1348,1370]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||
Photographs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C019FFD0FE1FCA58DD27EA66" box="[456,638,1348,1370]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C019FFD0FE1FCA58DD27EA66" box="[456,638,1348,1370]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Agelas clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A) Holotype from Caracas, in the Zoologisk Museum København. B) Thick, fan-shaped specimen from the Bahamas. C) Encrusting specimen, Belize. D) Key-holes in a San Andres Island (Colombia) specimen. E) F.P-V. sitting on a large specimen at Rosario Islands (Colombia). F) Fouled specimen at Santa Marta, Colombia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C019FFD7FF10CAD8DC6DEE20" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="329" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C019FFD0FF10CAD8DA2AE88D" blockId="27.[151,1437,1476,2005]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C019FFD0FF10CAD8DE00EAE1" bold="true" box="[199,345,1476,1501]" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
The shape of this species can be flabellated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C019FFD0FCABCAD8DC93EAE1" box="[892,970,1476,1501]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1348,1370]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1327]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Photographs of Agelas clathrodes. A) Holotype from Caracas, in the Zoologisk Museum København. B) Thick, fan-shaped specimen from the Bahamas. C) Encrusting specimen, Belize. D) Key-holes in a San Andres Island (Colombia) specimen. E) F. P-V. sitting on a large specimen at Rosario Islands (Colombia). F) Fouled specimen at Santa Marta, Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286007/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Fig 11</figureCitation>
|
||
B), fan-shaped (with a narrow base) or, commonly, it can have an ear-like shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C019FFD0FDBCCAF4DDEAE93D" box="[619,691,1512,1537]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1348,1370]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1327]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Photographs of Agelas clathrodes. A) Holotype from Caracas, in the Zoologisk Museum København. B) Thick, fan-shaped specimen from the Bahamas. C) Encrusting specimen, Belize. D) Key-holes in a San Andres Island (Colombia) specimen. E) F. P-V. sitting on a large specimen at Rosario Islands (Colombia). F) Fouled specimen at Santa Marta, Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286007/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Fig 11</figureCitation>
|
||
D) with rounded or lobate margins, sometimes converging to vase shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C019FFD0FF3FC910DE6AE919" box="[232,307,1548,1573]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1348,1370]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1327]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Photographs of Agelas clathrodes. A) Holotype from Caracas, in the Zoologisk Museum København. B) Thick, fan-shaped specimen from the Bahamas. C) Encrusting specimen, Belize. D) Key-holes in a San Andres Island (Colombia) specimen. E) F. P-V. sitting on a large specimen at Rosario Islands (Colombia). F) Fouled specimen at Santa Marta, Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286007/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Fig 11</figureCitation>
|
||
E). When juvenile, specimens tend to fill crevices (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C019FFD0FC54C910DC97E919" box="[899,974,1548,1573]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1348,1370]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1327]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Photographs of Agelas clathrodes. A) Holotype from Caracas, in the Zoologisk Museum København. B) Thick, fan-shaped specimen from the Bahamas. C) Encrusting specimen, Belize. D) Key-holes in a San Andres Island (Colombia) specimen. E) F. P-V. sitting on a large specimen at Rosario Islands (Colombia). F) Fouled specimen at Santa Marta, Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286007/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Fig 11</figureCitation>
|
||
C, 11F) or to be lobate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C019FFD0FB3FC910DA6AE919" box="[1256,1331,1548,1573]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1348,1370]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1327]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Photographs of Agelas clathrodes. A) Holotype from Caracas, in the Zoologisk Museum København. B) Thick, fan-shaped specimen from the Bahamas. C) Encrusting specimen, Belize. D) Key-holes in a San Andres Island (Colombia) specimen. E) F. P-V. sitting on a large specimen at Rosario Islands (Colombia). F) Fouled specimen at Santa Marta, Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286007/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Fig 11</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Erect specimens are
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C019FFD0FE9FC92CDEE4E974" box="[328,445,1584,1609]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" unit="cm" value="35.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="10.0">10–60 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall by
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C019FFD0FDF3C92CDDFEE974" box="[548,679,1584,1609]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" unit="cm" value="57.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="15.0">15–100 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C019FFD0FCFAC92CDCCDE974" box="[813,916,1584,1609]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" unit="cm" value="18.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="6.0">6–30 cm</quantity>
|
||
thick; several enormous ear-like specimens observed at Rosario Islands easily surpassed
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C019FFD0FD5CC949DDECE950" box="[651,693,1621,1645]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, and we observed a few of about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C019FFD0FB7BC949DBAAE950" box="[1196,1267,1621,1645]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" unit="m" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C019FFD0FAD6C948DA10E951" box="[1281,1353,1620,1645]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1348,1370]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1327]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Photographs of Agelas clathrodes. A) Holotype from Caracas, in the Zoologisk Museum København. B) Thick, fan-shaped specimen from the Bahamas. C) Encrusting specimen, Belize. D) Key-holes in a San Andres Island (Colombia) specimen. E) F. P-V. sitting on a large specimen at Rosario Islands (Colombia). F) Fouled specimen at Santa Marta, Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286007/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">Fig 11</figureCitation>
|
||
E). The external colour varies from bright scarlet to orange; internal colour spectrum orange, orange yellow or tan; sometimes the channels or unexposed areas have a lighter colour. Pinacoderm rests on tracts of spicules protruding from main fibres; sometimes channels, oscules or dense walls from the skeleton are visible under the pinacoderm. Numerous openings with different shapes: circular
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C019FFD0FD33C9F9DC0DE9C0" box="[740,852,1765,1789]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="1.0">1–10 mm</quantity>
|
||
, elongated (key hole-like)
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C019FFD0FB5DC9F9DBBDE9C0" box="[1162,1252,1765,1789]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 cm</quantity>
|
||
; here and there, several elongated openings could join together in a large aperture
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C019FFD0FC50C815DC82E81C" box="[903,987,1801,1825]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" unit="cm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3–8 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide. On the side opposite to the main current flow, the openings usually are covered by a pinacoderm, sometimes transparent, or otherwise white or slightly coloured. Its consistency is toughly compressible but flexible in life, a little harder when dry or preserved. Choanosome is very cavernous, lined by a bright endopinacoderm; walls (
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C019FFD0FC36C869DB17E8B1" box="[993,1102,1909,1933]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" unit="cm" value="1.6" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="0.2">0.2–3 cm</quantity>
|
||
) are dense and firm. Caverns and internal channels are not very wide (
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C019FFD0FD89C885DD92E88D" box="[606,715,1945,1969]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="27" pageNumber="328" unit="cm" value="1.2" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.4">0.4–2 cm</quantity>
|
||
), strongly interconnected between them and to the openings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C019FFD7FF10C8A0DC6DEE20" blockId="27.[151,1437,1476,2005]" lastBlockId="28.[151,1436,151,896]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="329" pageId="27" pageNumber="328">
|
||
Reticulate skeleton with cored (0–6) an echinated primary fibres, 40–105 µm in diameter; secondary and tertiary fibres 20–75 µm in diameter, also echinated but less than primaries. The acanthostyles have mostly 4 spines (sometimes 3–8) per whorl, are more or less uniform in size, straight, and shorter than any other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FB39CFA0DA63EFE8" box="[1262,1338,188,212]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FB39CFA0DA63EFE8" box="[1262,1338,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">Agelas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species; length 55–248 (113±38.9) µm, width 2–17 (8±2.9) µm and 4–23 (10±2.9) whorls per spicule. Detailed lengths, widths and average number of whorls are shown in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DC5B99C01EFFD7FD0DCE18DC69EE20" box="[730,816,260,285]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,239,764,787]" captionText="TABLE 2. Spicule measurements of Caribbean Agelas. n = 25. Values are minimum – maximum (mean ± 1 standard deviation)" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C01EFFD7FF10CE3BDE10ECBC" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C01EFFD7FF10CE3BDD85EE58" blockId="28.[151,1436,151,896]" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FF10CE3BDE62EE7C" bold="true" box="[199,315,295,320]" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Based on the form, size of spicules, diameter of the fibres and spicule architecture, we assign Pulitzer-Finali’s (1986)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FE74CE50DEB6EE58" box="[419,495,332,356]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FE74CE50DEB6EE58" box="[419,495,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">Agelas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp3 to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FD96CE50DD8CEE58" box="[577,725,332,356]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FD96CE50DD8CEE58" box="[577,725,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">A. clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C01EFFD7FF10CE73DCADEEC9" blockId="28.[151,1436,151,896]" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">
|
||
This species is commoner in deeper reef zones than in shallow ones. It is more frequent in Rosario Islands and Santa
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C01EFFD7FF0BCE89DE7BEE90" box="[220,290,405,428]" name="Malta" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">Marta</collectingCountry>
|
||
, than in San Andrés Island,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C01EFFD7FD8ECE88DDEFEE91" box="[601,694,404,429]" name="Jamaica" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C01EFFD7FD16CE88DC09EE91" box="[705,848,404,429]" name="Bahamas" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C01EFFD7FC51CE88DC88EE91" box="[902,977,404,429]" name="Belize" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Although there are confirmed records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FF40CEA4DE75EEEC" box="[151,300,440,464]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FF40CEA4DE75EEEC" box="[151,300,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">A. clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for SE Caribbean reefs (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C01EFFD7FD92CEA4DDFEEEEC" box="[581,679,440,464]" name="Curaçao" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C01EFFD7FD64CEABDC70EEEC" box="[691,809,439,464]" name="Venezuela" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C01EFFD7FCE2CEABDCFAEEEC" box="[821,931,439,464]" name="Barbados" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
), it appears to be quite scarce there, where it has been confused with flabellated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FDF6CEC0DDE6EEC8" box="[545,703,476,500]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FDF6CEC0DDE6EEC8" box="[545,703,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">Agelas citrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C01EFFD7FD24CEC0DCBEEEC9" author="Alvarez" box="[755,999,476,501]" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" refString="Alvarez, B. & Diaz, M. C. (1985) Las esponjas de un arrecife coralino en el Parque Nacional Archipielago Los Roques: taxonomia y ecologia. B. Sc. thesis, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, 216 pp." type="book" year="1985">Álvarez & Díaz 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C01EFFD7FF10CEE3DA7DEDB9" blockId="28.[151,1436,151,896]" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">
|
||
Gigantic growth forms were found in Rosario Islands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C01EFFD7FCECCEE3DCD5ED24" box="[827,908,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1348,1370]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1327]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Photographs of Agelas clathrodes. A) Holotype from Caracas, in the Zoologisk Museum København. B) Thick, fan-shaped specimen from the Bahamas. C) Encrusting specimen, Belize. D) Key-holes in a San Andres Island (Colombia) specimen. E) F. P-V. sitting on a large specimen at Rosario Islands (Colombia). F) Fouled specimen at Santa Marta, Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286007/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
E), not only for this species but also for many other sponges, on the southern shelf slope with a high input of suspended organic matter. When large and flabellated, this species is distinguished from flabellated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FCE1CD54DCFFED63" box="[822,934,584,607]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FCE1CD54DCFFED63" box="[822,934,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">A. citrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the thicker and more slack and curled pinacoderm of the latter; when both are orange, the color of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FCEDCD70DCFDEDB8" box="[826,932,620,644]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FCEDCD70DCFDEDB8" box="[826,932,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">A. citrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is milkier. See
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FB86CD70DBE2EDB8" box="[1105,1211,620,644]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FB86CD70DBE2EDB8" box="[1105,1211,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">A. citrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remarks.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C01EFFD7FF10CD93DE10ECBC" blockId="28.[151,1436,151,896]" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">
|
||
When smaller,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FEA2CD8CDD55ED94" box="[373,524,656,680]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FEA2CD8CDD55ED94" box="[373,524,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">A. clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FC88CD8CDC85ED94" box="[863,988,656,680]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FC88CD8CDC85ED94" box="[863,988,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">A. sventres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, especially with the football-shaped or crevice-filling specimens of the former. In the field, lobed or rounded specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FBECCDA8DBECEDF0" box="[1083,1205,692,716]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FBECCDA8DBECEDF0" box="[1083,1205,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">A. sventres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are distinguished by having scattered round oscules with a collar-like membrane, which are altogether absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FB10CDC4DA06EDCC" box="[1223,1375,728,752]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FB10CDC4DA06EDCC" box="[1223,1375,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">A. clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The distinguishing feature of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FE68CDE0DD00EC28" box="[447,601,764,788]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FE68CDE0DD00EC28" box="[447,601,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">A. clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the shorter spicules with complete and regular rows of spines; this character could be used with some confidence to separate this species from other bright orange
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FB03CC3CDA79EC04" box="[1236,1312,800,824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FB03CC3CDA79EC04" box="[1236,1312,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">Agelas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FA53CC3CDFBBEC60" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="citrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FA53CC3CDFBBEC60" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">A. citrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(longer spicules),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FE62CC58DD6CEC60" box="[437,565,836,860]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FE62CC58DD6CEC60" box="[437,565,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">A. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C01EFFD7FDB9CC58DDB0EC60" box="[622,745,836,860]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="28" pageNumber="329" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C01EFFD7FDB9CC58DDB0EC60" box="[622,745,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="329">A. sventres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(both with slightly longer spicules with incomplete irregular rows of spines).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |