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<mods:title id="C078AE1E98EBF98AE9ACB5BA2574AF5F">First contribution to the doryctine fauna (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) of Farasan Archipelago, Saudi Arabia, with new records and the description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D2E9C3D6858DF22268779D4B88ED97E4">Edmardash, Yusuf A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F517E36532AB82600A7C8D1FED722B22">El-Ghiet, Usama M. Abu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D79B6EBC2F0977442F86ABF149C41FAC">Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia &amp; Plant Protection Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="66CCE67C493208C520C885F9852A332B">Soliman, Ahmed M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="23B07F312FD068DB4CA1C6AE18D4A019">Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia &amp; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="91F7576A51118FF20312A14F8F25C17A">Al-Fifi, Zarrag I. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="173BCFDF8B3DF67A31E21042FFF0108F">Gadallah, Neveen S.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="B8EDCEB9AA6C5F82A6B60C8E9CE2378D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="168635195" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B8EDCEB9AA6C5F82A6B60C8E9CE2378D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B8EDCEB9AA6C5F82A6B60C8E9CE2378D" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" scope_family="Braconidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_tribe="Rhaconotini">
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<paragraph id="B0C0345D486B125575319BB535DB429A" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="47C1F7BCC7A86A3428DABCB850192B22" ID-CoL="4RX7Q" LSID="B8EDCEB9-AA6C-5F82-A6B6-0C8E9CE2378D" authority="Polaszek, 1994" authorityName="Polaszek" authorityYear="1994" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhaconotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinatus" subGenus="Rhaconotus">Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus Polaszek, 1994</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="8AB779D6D28BB4AB038E44AEED0F4CC1" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus Polaszek in Polaszek et al. 1994, ♀: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head and mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.977.56314.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/466501" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Figures 10 (A-C), 11 (A-E)</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="F93672F53960BD4C3F4EF482147CBC58" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="18EFB3DB4029AEBD57A32C25BDF47A87" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="B3E3E3DEA509BF6EE32F79E74901DCAE" authorityName="Polaszek" authorityYear="1994" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhaconotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhaconotus carinatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinatus">Rhaconotus carinatus</taxonomicName>
Polaszek in
<bibRefCitation id="4597DF9C12404633B34922063B07FE17" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" author="Polaszek, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Entomological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="65 - 90" refId="B37" refString="Polaszek, A, Fitton, MG, Bianchi, G, Huddleston, T, 1994. The parasitoids of the African white rice borer, Maliarpha separatelle Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Bulletin of the Entomological Research 84: 65 - 90, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" title="The parasitoids of the African white rice borer, Maliarpha separatelle Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" volume="84" year="1994">Polaszek et al., 1994</bibRefCitation>
: 79, ♀.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F3FD647CC82D98E5DBC1765D9D0D2966" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="96651B7B83FF7F8EEF299175E77EA77C" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="13DBF8C2B6C21A62CEE1AEC12AB69422" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Female: Body length: 4.5-4.8 mm; fore wing length: ca. 3.1 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4E11BB6959F4036BA5EF974603F12CA" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
Generally dark reddish brown, with posterior margin of T4 and T5 yellowish in color (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C287C3A6349F90975E429B6D4D852C90" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus Polaszek in Polaszek et al. 1994, ♀: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head and mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.977.56314.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/466501" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">10A, B</figureCitation>
) (in some specimens, head reddish, with black ocellar triangle); antenna with scape dark reddish brown, pedicel and basal half of flagellum reddish, rest of flagellum dark brown. Legs and palpi are pale yellowish (except dark brown telotarsus). Wings (Fig.
<figureCitation id="781413CD3BC66EF19A5EE52ECD1DC10A" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus Polaszek in Polaszek et al. 1994, ♀: A head, dorsal view; B head, frontal view C mesosoma, dorsal view D fore and hind wings E propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.977.56314.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/466502" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">11D</figureCitation>
) hyaline, with slight, hardly seen fumigation behind pterostigma; pterostigma brownish, with pale basal and apical ends; veins brownish, with basal three-fourths of C+SC+R, basal two-thirds of 1-R1, and basal half of M+CU1 are pale brownish in color; ovipositor reddish, slightly dark at apex, ovipositor sheath black (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D8CF9A884C1D7554DECEBCA513B22F94" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus Polaszek in Polaszek et al. 1994, ♀: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head and mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.977.56314.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/466501" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">10A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="25EBEC27CF9C285D818B83C333A8765D" doi="10.3897/zookeys.977.56314.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/466501" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
<paragraph id="E2AD85A6838E6DA51B9B9AFB3327A314" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="00EE9BE5E8629810BE058A2B979DFBAA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Figure 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EDF67E8DE6B716AEF3BAB1404B10DE1" authorityName="Polaszek" authorityYear="1994" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhaconotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinatus" subGenus="Rhaconotus">Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus</taxonomicName>
Polaszek in
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, ♀:
<emphasis id="5E3423BB16B5AA16CF7A341C721F1534" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">A</emphasis>
dorsal habitus
<emphasis id="515436BE64618AB3781A55454FA82259" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">B</emphasis>
lateral habitus
<emphasis id="F44032BD7444F8FA7F1629AC2DDDC7BD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">C</emphasis>
head and mesosoma, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1EA1F111CAB9E118C3A5E81265F09045" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="98C05E5DF9436BDECB96D986125EEB80" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Head</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="587634491AEFE21C5118C603A8AA0FFB" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus Polaszek in Polaszek et al. 1994, ♀: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head and mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.977.56314.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/466501" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">10C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0F5AACCC9AB80028D0022626032CC97E" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus Polaszek in Polaszek et al. 1994, ♀: A head, dorsal view; B head, frontal view C mesosoma, dorsal view D fore and hind wings E propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.977.56314.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/466502" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">11A, B</figureCitation>
) finely sculptured, with few scattered fine whitish, semi-erect setae when seen from dorsal view; face finely punctate, with distances between punctures, smooth medially just beneath antennal bases, and above hypoclypeal area, with denser appressed setae. Temple 0.6
<normalizedToken id="C104691D3A89203C4A3276F1B6A4574F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
eye height. Antenna 35-segmented. Mesoscutum (Figs
<figureCitation id="CF9E46ADAD760C2066E1ABE70439DCEB" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus Polaszek in Polaszek et al. 1994, ♀: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head and mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.977.56314.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/466501" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">10C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F4802953C23F01C4FB264E6E291C6FB4" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus Polaszek in Polaszek et al. 1994, ♀: A head, dorsal view; B head, frontal view C mesosoma, dorsal view D fore and hind wings E propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.977.56314.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/466502" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">11C</figureCitation>
) with fine reticulation except nearly smooth posteromedially; propodeum finely reticulate, longitudinal median carina hardly seen just at base, as well as two shorter ones baso-laterally. Metasoma (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8A3FB41FED43EEEC5321A76CF896ED0B" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus Polaszek in Polaszek et al. 1994, ♀: A head, dorsal view; B head, frontal view C mesosoma, dorsal view D fore and hind wings E propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.977.56314.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/466502" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">11E</figureCitation>
) with T2 and T3 fused, separated by a strong curved suture or groove, after which the longitudinal striations became weakly visible; T5 simple, broadly rounded posteriorly. Ovipositor sheath ca. as long as metasoma (Fig.
<figureCitation id="28F84BC7FA922BFBC3B61A9335E73753" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus Polaszek in Polaszek et al. 1994, ♀: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C head and mesosoma, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.977.56314.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/466501" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">10A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="7DA26E2AF952FF1CEBE85564065887FE" doi="10.3897/zookeys.977.56314.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/466502" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
<paragraph id="94DD868B675273D122F1F21A26919072" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="661DACF30E03AF0FE390C132FA2F6A78" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Figure 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="146D2166033803DC1979730170142106" authorityName="Polaszek" authorityYear="1994" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhaconotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinatus" subGenus="Rhaconotus">Rhaconotus (Rhaconotus) carinatus</taxonomicName>
Polaszek in
<bibRefCitation id="47A16F290FDD0BEAD4E1E37FEDD5C979" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" author="Polaszek, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Entomological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="65 - 90" refId="B37" refString="Polaszek, A, Fitton, MG, Bianchi, G, Huddleston, T, 1994. The parasitoids of the African white rice borer, Maliarpha separatelle Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Bulletin of the Entomological Research 84: 65 - 90, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" title="The parasitoids of the African white rice borer, Maliarpha separatelle Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" volume="84" year="1994">Polaszek et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
, ♀:
<emphasis id="C9E38C8AFC64E9EB34BF57993293C043" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">A</emphasis>
head, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="F2B480D5615DDE083AA918D7EB52696A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">B</emphasis>
head, frontal view
<emphasis id="40769D7BC95BFF307B3748BD1F906F0F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">C</emphasis>
mesosoma, dorsal view
<emphasis id="83966520EC1D968DA4FA1105719FBF5F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">D</emphasis>
fore and hind wings
<emphasis id="1C8E8F81176BAB4C4F7368419A069D08" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">E</emphasis>
propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A40DDEB7A5F37310FDCE8DBAC44B545B" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6D517629DC5186307C096EEC4CEB1350" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="89F869A6AD96C70828755351DD7836E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 1♀ &amp; 1♂, Jazan, Farasan Islands, Al-Sajid;
<geoCoordinate id="0A66C2CE8D6884E4EE670925222AC2E0" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="25.46" value="16.857073">16°51'25.46&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1B8A6F9424FD9A0B546EE3A165002DED" degrees="41" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="58.78" value="41.932995">41°55'58.78&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 7 Jan.2017; Abu El-Ghiet &amp; El-Sheikh leg.; sweeping net [KSMA]; 1♀, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Jazan, Farasan Islands, Al-Sajid;
<geoCoordinate id="AD2E7D19702A1AD8D4B6F58F9521DB8F" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="25.46" value="16.857073">16°51'25.46&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0E1604B2F168874DC54812250441B0B8" degrees="41" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="58.78" value="41.932995">41°55'58.78&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 10 Nov.2017; Abu El-Ghiet &amp; El-Sheikh leg.; LT [KSMA].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7A9325CF3423D42B5D4B16936C10EE03" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5FA16A26628245088ECD0FCCF130246F" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">General distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E48B450DFE62C0D6146F9C7396E7BA1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
Cameroon, Ghana, Madagascar, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo (
<bibRefCitation id="2B122BFB6E440725EFEE4C79210EE14B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" author="Polaszek, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Entomological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="65 - 90" refId="B37" refString="Polaszek, A, Fitton, MG, Bianchi, G, Huddleston, T, 1994. The parasitoids of the African white rice borer, Maliarpha separatelle Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Bulletin of the Entomological Research 84: 65 - 90, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" title="The parasitoids of the African white rice borer, Maliarpha separatelle Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" volume="84" year="1994">Polaszek et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
), Saudi Arabia (Farasan Islands) (new record).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A3E96AC027A55322CFB7B93952AA7EFC" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="9C27B4DD1550213B16742D6BAD98983D" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Remark.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA0295EB02DD8CC511D5F25BFB7D7B3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
Based on
<bibRefCitation id="FD0D0E8983069AF20898A5792E8B98FD" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" author="Polaszek, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Entomological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="65 - 90" refId="B37" refString="Polaszek, A, Fitton, MG, Bianchi, G, Huddleston, T, 1994. The parasitoids of the African white rice borer, Maliarpha separatelle Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Bulletin of the Entomological Research 84: 65 - 90, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" title="The parasitoids of the African white rice borer, Maliarpha separatelle Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" volume="84" year="1994">Polaszek et al. (1994)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="34EA5E553D60B6AC83A74643571FC65E" author="van Achterberg, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 123" publicationUrl="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10008879101/" refId="B54" refString="van Achterberg, C, Polaszek, A, 1996. The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidae, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa, belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen 204: 1 - 123, https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10008879101/" title="The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidae, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa, belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea)." url="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10008879101/" volume="204" year="1996">van Achterberg and Polaszek (1996)</bibRefCitation>
, our species differs from the African specimens in having the pterostigma distinctly infuscate medially, with pale basal and apical ends (distinctly infuscate in the African specimens); antenna 35-segmented (26-33 in the African specimens); lateral lobes of mesoscutum moderately setose (largely glabrous in the African specimens); propodeum finely reticulate, with a hardly visible median longitudinal carinae as well as two very short sublateral ones (almost smooth anteromedially in the African specimens, see fig. 30 in
<bibRefCitation id="4666DB9EA5426AE0E7FE2191DCC0DB27" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" author="Polaszek, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Entomological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="65 - 90" refId="B37" refString="Polaszek, A, Fitton, MG, Bianchi, G, Huddleston, T, 1994. The parasitoids of the African white rice borer, Maliarpha separatelle Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Bulletin of the Entomological Research 84: 65 - 90, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" title="The parasitoids of the African white rice borer, Maliarpha separatelle Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300032247" volume="84" year="1994">Polaszek et al. (1994)</bibRefCitation>
and fig. 366 in
<bibRefCitation id="DC9F389C2B7C35C29D95F4204BAA6116" author="van Achterberg, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 123" publicationUrl="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10008879101/" refId="B54" refString="van Achterberg, C, Polaszek, A, 1996. The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidae, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa, belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen 204: 1 - 123, https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10008879101/" title="The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidae, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa, belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea)." url="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10008879101/" volume="204" year="1996">van Achterberg and Polaszek (1996)</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>