205 lines
35 KiB
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205 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="5B66A2154E071691AEF624AB208F0C13" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.174020" ID-GBIF-Dataset="81a221bf-39b2-4d50-9abb-9c8e6563f814" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="174020" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459789985294" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jäger, Peter" docDate="2006" docId="B86987F8FFBEFF9CFEBFF9752178FC6F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01325p345.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1325" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Martensopoda Jäger, 2006, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="338" masterDocId="4450FF80FFBFFF9FFFB7FF912043FFD9" masterDocTitle="Martensopoda gen. nov. from southern Indian mountain ranges, the first genus of huntsman spiders with a cymbial spur (Araneae: Sparassidae: Heteropodinae)" masterLastPageNumber="345" masterPageNumber="335" pageNumber="336" updateTime="1698219118519" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="45BBB0C59F9267539E3FC9188153DF70">
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<mods:title id="114488AE7E0B90583224292D49DEA26B">Martensopoda gen. nov. from southern Indian mountain ranges, the first genus of huntsman spiders with a cymbial spur (Araneae: Sparassidae: Heteropodinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="565B4759F7496718006755F43A33C82C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EA32AFEFAC98F3A3713A390D893D6B55">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3C34DAEACD087F9FEA588DCE47C81D9F">Jäger, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="46498E6B0F7C9DF356179247FF68CDEA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C860921F1F9286933FF19721C92F5F74">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="68B7E2BA6ACC96F0EB8CF544C5FBB827">
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<mods:date id="076619D64B3096A95A0DFDA4652327B6">2006</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C52E4C65A2DC963EAAFF53D53BAF3E07" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="23FEDAD3861CB79CAB25EF967F8EE09E">1325</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="35322A1F914D9A7F631F88E71DD25092">335</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="4757D95A1B5B3AC4D01FEC1C2EE385DF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="95D1009FA8F86BAAD952E1F0460587FA" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.174020</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="116F926B2BD2F72B518FE7D65DF8B3AC" type="GBIF-Dataset">81a221bf-39b2-4d50-9abb-9c8e6563f814</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4B9AF7EC562916AB7A2B745C609CE9C1" type="ISSN">11755326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="11E8A9E337EA091953B73B5231F16F8D" type="Zenodo-Dep">174020</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B86987F8FFBEFF9CFEBFF9752178FC6F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6256218" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119350180" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6256218" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B86987F8FFBEFF9CFEBFF9752178FC6F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B86987F8FFBEFF9CFEBFF9752178FC6F" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="338" pageId="1" pageNumber="336">
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<subSubSection id="78DA6565FFBEFF9EFEBFF9752268F927" box="[264,555,1764,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="336" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="307F36EEFFBEFF9EFEBFF9752268F927" blockId="1.[264,555,1764,1790]" box="[264,555,1764,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="336">
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<heading id="6B378182FFBEFF9EFEBFF9752268F927" bold="true" box="[264,555,1764,1790]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="336" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBEFF9EFEBFF9752268F927" bold="true" box="[264,555,1764,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="336">
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<taxonomicName id="F7C04D6DFFBEFF9EFEBFF97521F5F927" ID-CoL="5LMB" box="[264,438,1764,1790]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Martensopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBEFF9EFEBFF97521F5F927" bold="true" box="[264,438,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="336">Martensopoda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="19875787FFBEFF9EFE09F9752268F927" box="[446,555,1764,1790]" pageId="1" pageNumber="336" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="78DA6565FFBEFF9EFEBFF8B82307F89A" box="[264,836,1833,1859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="336" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="307F36EEFFBEFF9EFEBFF8B82307F89A" blockId="1.[264,1322,1833,1900]" box="[264,836,1833,1859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="336">
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<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBEFF9EFEBFF8B821E9F89A" bold="true" box="[264,426,1833,1859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="336">
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<typeStatus id="EF7B884CFFBEFF9EFEBFF8B82106F89A" box="[264,325,1833,1859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="336">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="F7C04D6DFFBEFF9EFE05F8BB229CF89A" box="[434,735,1834,1859]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Martensopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversa" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBEFF9EFE05F8BB229CF89A" box="[434,735,1834,1859]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="336">Martensopoda transversa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBEFF9EFD50F8B82307F89A" bold="true" box="[743,836,1833,1859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="336">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="19875787FFBEFF9EFD50F8B82307F89A" box="[743,836,1833,1859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="336" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="78DA6565FFBEFF9DFEBFF8C021DAFE27" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="337" pageId="1" pageNumber="336" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="307F36EEFFBEFF9DFEBFF8C021DAFE27" blockId="1.[264,1322,1833,1900]" lastBlockId="2.[264,1324,284,1870]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="337" pageId="1" pageNumber="336">
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<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBEFF9EFEBFF8C021CBF8B2" bold="true" box="[264,392,1873,1899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="336">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Small Heteropodinae (body length
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<quantity id="F7389B0BFFBEFF9EFCFBF8C323A2F8B5" box="[844,993,1874,1900]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="336" unit="mm" value="6.1" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="4.7">4.7–7.5 mm</quantity>
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) without lateral spines on metatarsi III. Male cymbium retrobasally with bent spur, embolus with loop running transversally to plane of alveolus. Females with spirally coiled copulatory openings similar to those in
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<taxonomicName id="F7C04D6DFFBDFF9DFE52FEFD2349FE5F" authority="Simon 1880" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1880" box="[485,778,364,390]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Spariolenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBDFF9DFE52FEFD2232FE5C" box="[485,625,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Spariolenus</emphasis>
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Simon 1880
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</taxonomicName>
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, differing from the latter in having a pit in the posterior part of the median septum. Internal duct system with broad lateral loops and subsequent narrow ducts, the latter running parallel or slightly converging close to the median line.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="78DA6565FFBDFF9DFE8FFD9A22EAFD37" pageId="2" pageNumber="337" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="307F36EEFFBDFF9DFE8FFD9A22EAFD37" blockId="2.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBDFF9DFE8FFD9A2187FDFC" bold="true" box="[312,452,523,549]" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The genus name is a word consisting of the family name of Prof. Dr Jochen Martens and the last part of the genus name
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<taxonomicName id="F7C04D6DFFBDFF9DFCD3FDA523ACFD94" box="[868,1007,564,589]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Heteropoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBDFF9DFCD3FDA523ACFD94" box="[868,1007,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Heteropoda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; it is feminine in gender. It pays tribute to Prof. Martens and his scientific contributions to the Arachnology and the zoogeography of Asian mountain ranges (especially Himalaya). Moreover, I express my personal thanks towards Prof. Martens for supervising and guiding me in my first years of taxonomic and systematic research.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="78DA6565FFBDFF9CFE8FFD6D245FFEEF" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="338" pageId="2" pageNumber="337" type="description">
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<paragraph id="307F36EEFFBDFF9DFE8FFD6D2493FB17" blockId="2.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBDFF9DFE8FFD6D218CFCCF" bold="true" box="[312,463,764,790]" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Description.</emphasis>
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Male cymbium with prolateral bulge (PB), giving a unique general appearance (
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<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFE2CFCB52246FCE7" box="[411,517,804,830]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype from Cardamon Hills, India (PJ 1771). 1 – 5 Left male pedipalp (1 prolateral, 2, 5 ventral, 3 retrolateral, 4 dorsal); 6 Tip of embolus, prolateral; 7 Trilobate membrane of left leg IV, dorsal; 8 Dorsal shield of prosoma, dorsal. C conductor, E embolus, EA embolic apophysis, PB prolateral bulge, SP spur of cymbium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174021/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Figs 2, 5</figureCitation>
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). Embolus with filiform apophysis, the latter arising on the ventrally bent part of the embolus (
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<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFDF6FCDD22C8FCBF" box="[577,651,844,870]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype from Cardamon Hills, India (PJ 1771). 1 – 5 Left male pedipalp (1 prolateral, 2, 5 ventral, 3 retrolateral, 4 dorsal); 6 Tip of embolus, prolateral; 7 Trilobate membrane of left leg IV, dorsal; 8 Dorsal shield of prosoma, dorsal. C conductor, E embolus, EA embolic apophysis, PB prolateral bulge, SP spur of cymbium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174021/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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). Tip of embolic apophysis serrated (
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<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFBFAFCDD24D4FCBF" box="[1101,1175,844,870]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype from Cardamon Hills, India (PJ 1771). 1 – 5 Left male pedipalp (1 prolateral, 2, 5 ventral, 3 retrolateral, 4 dorsal); 6 Tip of embolus, prolateral; 7 Trilobate membrane of left leg IV, dorsal; 8 Dorsal shield of prosoma, dorsal. C conductor, E embolus, EA embolic apophysis, PB prolateral bulge, SP spur of cymbium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174021/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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). Conductor strongly reduced (C in
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<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFDABFCE52227FC57" box="[540,612,884,910]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype from Cardamon Hills, India (PJ 1771). 1 – 5 Left male pedipalp (1 prolateral, 2, 5 ventral, 3 retrolateral, 4 dorsal); 6 Tip of embolus, prolateral; 7 Trilobate membrane of left leg IV, dorsal; 8 Dorsal shield of prosoma, dorsal. C conductor, E embolus, EA embolic apophysis, PB prolateral bulge, SP spur of cymbium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174021/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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). Subtegulum visible in prolateral half of bulb (
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<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFB28FCE524A6FC57" box="[1183,1253,884,910]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype from Cardamon Hills, India (PJ 1771). 1 – 5 Left male pedipalp (1 prolateral, 2, 5 ventral, 3 retrolateral, 4 dorsal); 6 Tip of embolus, prolateral; 7 Trilobate membrane of left leg IV, dorsal; 8 Dorsal shield of prosoma, dorsal. C conductor, E embolus, EA embolic apophysis, PB prolateral bulge, SP spur of cymbium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174021/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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); this fact and the extraordinary conformation of the embolus resulting from a rotation of the whole bulb of about 90° in a retrolateral direction (ventrally). RTA long and not divided into two parts as in other genera of Heteropodinae, its tip widened in retrolateral view (
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<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFEA7FB852138FBF7" box="[272,379,1044,1070]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype from Cardamon Hills, India (PJ 1771). 1 – 5 Left male pedipalp (1 prolateral, 2, 5 ventral, 3 retrolateral, 4 dorsal); 6 Tip of embolus, prolateral; 7 Trilobate membrane of left leg IV, dorsal; 8 Dorsal shield of prosoma, dorsal. C conductor, E embolus, EA embolic apophysis, PB prolateral bulge, SP spur of cymbium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174021/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Figs 2–3</figureCitation>
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). Female epiygne with anteriorly and posteriorly diverging septum and posterior median pocket (PP in
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<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFD91FBAD2237FB8F" box="[550,628,1084,1110]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="5.[264,382,1109,1133]" captionTargetBox="[289,1303,318,1091]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[289,1304,318,1092]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., ΨΨ paratypes from Cardamon Hills, Kerala, India (9 – 10, 12 PJ 1772, 11 PJ 1775). 9, 11 Epigyne, ventral; 10 Internal duct system, dorsal; 12 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. LL lateral loops of internal duct system, MS median septum, PA pit anterior to septum, PP pit posterior to septum, R spiral rim of copulatory opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174022/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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). Epigynal field roundish to transversally oval, without anterior bands (
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<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFE7DFBF5225FFBA7" box="[458,540,1124,1150]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="5.[264,382,1109,1133]" captionTargetBox="[289,1303,318,1091]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[289,1304,318,1092]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., ΨΨ paratypes from Cardamon Hills, Kerala, India (9 – 10, 12 PJ 1772, 11 PJ 1775). 9, 11 Epigyne, ventral; 10 Internal duct system, dorsal; 12 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. LL lateral loops of internal duct system, MS median septum, PA pit anterior to septum, PP pit posterior to septum, R spiral rim of copulatory opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174022/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Figs 9</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFD99FBF5220DFBA7" box="[558,590,1124,1150]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 21" captionStartId="7.[264,382,1726,1750]" captionTargetBox="[284,1314,320,1709]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[284,1314,320,1709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 21. Martensopoda minuscula (Reimoser 1934) comb. nov., ΨΨ from Palni Hills, Tamil Nadu, India (13 – 16 PJ 1776, 17 PJ 1777, 18 – 19 lectotype PJ 1705, 21 – 21 paralectotype PJ 1706). 13, 17 – 18, 20 Epigyne, ventral; 14 – 15 Internal duct system, dorsal (15 right half partly broken and shifted); 16 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal; 19, 21 Left chelicera, showing dentition, ventral. R spiral rim of copulatory opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174023/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">13</figureCitation>
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). Internal duct system with a lateral coil similar to that in
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<taxonomicName id="F7C04D6DFFBDFF9DFEBFFB1D213EFB7C" box="[264,381,1164,1189]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Barylestis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBDFF9DFEBFFB1D213EFB7C" box="[264,381,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Barylestis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp. One part of the duct system, functionally situated behind the first windings and the fertilisation ducts, running parallel along the median line (
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<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFBB9FB252429FB17" box="[1038,1130,1204,1230]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="5.[264,382,1109,1133]" captionTargetBox="[289,1303,318,1091]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[289,1304,318,1092]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., ΨΨ paratypes from Cardamon Hills, Kerala, India (9 – 10, 12 PJ 1772, 11 PJ 1775). 9, 11 Epigyne, ventral; 10 Internal duct system, dorsal; 12 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. LL lateral loops of internal duct system, MS median septum, PA pit anterior to septum, PP pit posterior to septum, R spiral rim of copulatory opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174022/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Figs 10</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFBC1FB252480FB17" box="[1142,1219,1204,1230]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 21" captionStartId="7.[264,382,1726,1750]" captionTargetBox="[284,1314,320,1709]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[284,1314,320,1709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 21. Martensopoda minuscula (Reimoser 1934) comb. nov., ΨΨ from Palni Hills, Tamil Nadu, India (13 – 16 PJ 1776, 17 PJ 1777, 18 – 19 lectotype PJ 1705, 21 – 21 paralectotype PJ 1706). 13, 17 – 18, 20 Epigyne, ventral; 14 – 15 Internal duct system, dorsal (15 right half partly broken and shifted); 16 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal; 19, 21 Left chelicera, showing dentition, ventral. R spiral rim of copulatory opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174023/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">14–15</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="307F36EEFFBDFF9DFE8FFB4D2304FA9F" blockId="2.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Eye size ratios typical for Heteropodinae: lateral larger than median eyes, particular posterior eyes only slightly larger than anterior eyes. DS length / DS width = 1.1 (1.0, n=1); DS width / anterior width of DS = 1.7–1.9.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="307F36EEFFBDFF9DFE8FFAC524A5F927" blockId="2.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">
|
||
Cheliceral teeth variable: basic pattern for Heteropodinae 3 anterior, 4 posterior teeth;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F7C04D6DFFBDFF9DFEBFFAED21F0FA4C" box="[264,435,1404,1429]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Martensopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBDFF9DFEBFFAED21F0FA4C" box="[264,435,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Martensopoda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBDFF9DFE0CFAED2269FA4F" bold="true" box="[443,554,1404,1430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="19875787FFBDFF9DFE0CFAED2269FA4F" box="[443,554,1404,1430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="337" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: 2–4 anterior, 3–5 posterior teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFC72FAED240CFA4F" box="[965,1103,1404,1430]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 21" captionStartId="7.[264,382,1726,1750]" captionTargetBox="[284,1314,320,1709]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[284,1314,320,1709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 21. Martensopoda minuscula (Reimoser 1934) comb. nov., ΨΨ from Palni Hills, Tamil Nadu, India (13 – 16 PJ 1776, 17 PJ 1777, 18 – 19 lectotype PJ 1705, 21 – 21 paralectotype PJ 1706). 13, 17 – 18, 20 Epigyne, ventral; 14 – 15 Internal duct system, dorsal (15 right half partly broken and shifted); 16 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal; 19, 21 Left chelicera, showing dentition, ventral. R spiral rim of copulatory opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174023/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Figs 19, 21</figureCitation>
|
||
). Posterior margin of chelicerae between teeth and fang with one long curved bristle, apparently typical within Heteropodinae (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="54514B1FFFBDFF9DFD8AFA5D2283FA3F" author="Levy" box="[573,704,1484,1510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="345" refString="Levy, G. (1989) The family of huntsman spiders in Israel with annotations on spiders of the Middle East (Araneae: Sparassidae). Journal of Zoology, 217, 127 - 176." type="journal article" year="1989">Levy 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 130). Female palpus claw with 6–8 teeth; shape of palpal and leg claw typical for Heteropodinae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFCEEFA6523A0F9D7" box="[857,995,1524,1550]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 26. 22 – 25" captionStartId="8.[264,382,1079,1103]" captionTargetBox="[282,1305,326,1053]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[282,1305,326,1053]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 26. 22 – 25 Martensopoda minuscula (Reimoser 1934) comb. nov., ΨΨ from Palni Hills, Tamil Nadu, India (22 – 23 PJ 1776, 24 – 25 PJ 1778). 26 Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., Ψ paratype from Cardamon Hills, Kerala, India (PJ 1772). 22 Claw of right pedipalpus, retrolateral; 23 Prolateral claw of right leg I, prolateral; 24, 26 Dorsal shield of prosoma, dorsal; 25 Sternum, ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174024/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Figs 22–23</figureCitation>
|
||
). Leg length pattern (2413) fits scheme found by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="54514B1FFFBDFF9DFDB9F98D22E0F9EF" author="Jager" box="[526,675,1564,1590]" pageId="2" pageNumber="345" refString="Jager, P. (2001) Diversitat der Riesenkrabbenspinnen im Himalaya. Uber eine Radiation zweier Gattungen in den Schneetropen. (Araneae: Sparassidae: Heteropodinae). Courier Forshungsinstitut Senckenberg, 232, 1 - 136." type="journal article" year="2001">Jäger (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for other Heteropodinae (2413 for specimens <
|
||
<quantity id="F7389B0BFFBDFF9DFB5BF98D256BF9EF" box="[1260,1320,1564,1590]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="337" unit="mm" value="5.0">5mm</quantity>
|
||
DS length, 2143>
|
||
<quantity id="F7389B0BFFBDFF9DFE6BF9D5225AF987" box="[476,537,1604,1630]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="337" unit="mm" value="5.0">5mm</quantity>
|
||
DS length). Legs showing general trend for reducing spines: femur (retrolateral), tibiae I–II (prolateral), tibiae IV (retrolateral). Patella spination variable: 000–001. Metatarsus III additionally to metatarsus IV with additional distal median ventral spine; metatarsus III variable: 2014, 2024, 2025. Trochanters with ventral notch. Trilobate membrane with median hook and lateral projection of similar size (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFB27F9752494F927" box="[1168,1239,1764,1790]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype from Cardamon Hills, India (PJ 1771). 1 – 5 Left male pedipalp (1 prolateral, 2, 5 ventral, 3 retrolateral, 4 dorsal); 6 Tip of embolus, prolateral; 7 Trilobate membrane of left leg IV, dorsal; 8 Dorsal shield of prosoma, dorsal. C conductor, E embolus, EA embolic apophysis, PB prolateral bulge, SP spur of cymbium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174021/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="307F36EEFFBDFF9CFE8FF89D245FFEEF" blockId="2.[264,1324,284,1870]" lastBlockId="3.[264,1323,284,950]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="338" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">
|
||
Generally light coloured to pale spiders. Dorsal shield of prosoma and sternum with dark, partly faint markings, eyes with distinct dark patches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFC5FF8A52474F897" box="[1000,1079,1844,1870]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype from Cardamon Hills, India (PJ 1771). 1 – 5 Left male pedipalp (1 prolateral, 2, 5 ventral, 3 retrolateral, 4 dorsal); 6 Tip of embolus, prolateral; 7 Trilobate membrane of left leg IV, dorsal; 8 Dorsal shield of prosoma, dorsal. C conductor, E embolus, EA embolic apophysis, PB prolateral bulge, SP spur of cymbium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174021/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBDFF9DFBFFF8A524D4F897" box="[1096,1175,1844,1870]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 22 – 26. 22 – 25" captionStart-1="FIGURES 27 – 30. 27 – 28" captionStartId-0="8.[264,382,1079,1103]" captionStartId-1="9.[264,382,1344,1368]" captionTargetBox-0="[282,1305,326,1053]" captionTargetBox-1="[276,1309,486,1318]" captionTargetId-0="figure@8.[282,1305,326,1053]" captionTargetId-1="figure@9.[276,1310,486,1318]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="FIGURES 22 – 26. 22 – 25 Martensopoda minuscula (Reimoser 1934) comb. nov., ΨΨ from Palni Hills, Tamil Nadu, India (22 – 23 PJ 1776, 24 – 25 PJ 1778). 26 Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., Ψ paratype from Cardamon Hills, Kerala, India (PJ 1772). 22 Claw of right pedipalpus, retrolateral; 23 Prolateral claw of right leg I, prolateral; 24, 26 Dorsal shield of prosoma, dorsal; 25 Sternum, ventral." captionText-1="FIGURES 27 – 30. 27 – 28 Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype, ΨΨ paratypes from Cardamon Hills, Kerala, India. 29 – 30 Martensopoda minuscula (Reimoser 1934) comb. nov., ΨΨ from Palni Hills, Tamil Nadu, India (27, 29 dorsal aspect; 28, 30 ventral aspect). See illustrations for identification (PJ) number." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/174024/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/174025/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="337">24–30</figureCitation>
|
||
). Chelicerae with longitudinal stripes typical for Heteropodinae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBCFF9CFCDEFE8D23F7FEEF" box="[873,948,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="4.[264,382,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[323,1268,326,1762]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype from Cardamon Hills, India (PJ 1771). 1 – 5 Left male pedipalp (1 prolateral, 2, 5 ventral, 3 retrolateral, 4 dorsal); 6 Tip of embolus, prolateral; 7 Trilobate membrane of left leg IV, dorsal; 8 Dorsal shield of prosoma, dorsal. C conductor, E embolus, EA embolic apophysis, PB prolateral bulge, SP spur of cymbium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174021/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="A8FB2A6BFFBCFF9CFC76FE8D244DFEEF" box="[961,1038,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 26. 22 – 25" captionStartId="8.[264,382,1079,1103]" captionTargetBox="[282,1305,326,1053]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[282,1305,326,1053]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 26. 22 – 25 Martensopoda minuscula (Reimoser 1934) comb. nov., ΨΨ from Palni Hills, Tamil Nadu, India (22 – 23 PJ 1776, 24 – 25 PJ 1778). 26 Martensopoda transversa gen. nov., sp. nov., Ψ paratype from Cardamon Hills, Kerala, India (PJ 1772). 22 Claw of right pedipalpus, retrolateral; 23 Prolateral claw of right leg I, prolateral; 24, 26 Dorsal shield of prosoma, dorsal; 25 Sternum, ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174024/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">24, 26</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="78DA6565FFBCFF9CFE8FFED22214FE0F" pageId="3" pageNumber="338" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="307F36EEFFBCFF9CFE8FFED2225EFE5F" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBCFF9CFE8FFED2219BFE84" bold="true" box="[312,472,323,349]" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="48D7767EFFBCFF9CFCA3FED52312FE87" box="[788,849,324,350]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Tamil Nadu State: Palni Hills; Kerala State: Cardamon Hills).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="307F36EEFFBCFF9CFE8FFE022214FE0F" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBCFF9CFE8FFE02225BFE74" bold="true" box="[312,536,403,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">Species included.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F7C04D6DFFBCFF9CFD9EFE052321FE74" box="[553,866,404,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Martensopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="338" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBCFF9CFD9EFE052321FE74" box="[553,866,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">Martensopoda transversa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBCFF9CFCC3FE02239FFE74" bold="true" box="[884,988,403,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="19875787FFBCFF9CFCC3FE02239FFE74" box="[884,988,403,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="338" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F7C04D6DFFBCFF9CFC42FE05218DFE0F" authority="Reimoser 1934" authorityName="Reimoser" authorityYear="1934" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Martensopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="338" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuscula" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBCFF9CFC42FE052568FE74" box="[1013,1323,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">Martensopoda minuscula</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="54514B1FFFBCFF9CFEA7FE2D2186FE0F" author="Reimoser" box="[272,453,444,470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="345" refString="Reimoser, E. (1934) Araneae aus Sud-Indien. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 41, 465 - 511." type="journal article" year="1934">Reimoser 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="19875787FFBCFF9CFE62FE2D2214FE0F" box="[469,599,444,470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="78DA6565FFBCFF9CFE8FFE722178FC6F" pageId="3" pageNumber="338" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="307F36EEFFBCFF9CFE8FFE722178FC6F" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBCFF9CFE8FFE7221ABFE24" bold="true" box="[312,488,483,509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">Relationships.</emphasis>
|
||
Although some resemblance with the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F7C04D6DFFBCFF9CFBE6FE75249EFE24" box="[1105,1245,484,509]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Spariolenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="338" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBCFF9CFBE6FE75249EFE24" box="[1105,1245,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">Spariolenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="48D7767EFFBCFF9CFECCFD9D21F4FDFF" box="[379,439,524,550]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="48D7767EFFBCFF9CFE43FD9D227FFDFF" box="[500,572,524,550]" name="Oman" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">Oman</collectingCountry>
|
||
exists, i.e., male conductor reduced, spirally coiled copulatory openings and median septum not clearly recognisable (fused?) in females, a sister relationship cannot be proposed unambiguously. From the copulatory organs, especially of the male, it seems that copulation posture and mechanics should be clearly different from the basic pattern in the subfamily. This concerns the use of the unique cymbial spur but also the transversally oriented embolus loop. This singularity justifies in my opinion the erection of a new genus. Considering the small size of the two known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F7C04D6DFFBCFF9CFEBFFCB521F0FCE4" box="[264,435,804,829]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Martensopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="338" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBCFF9CFEBFFCB521F0FCE4" box="[264,435,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">Martensopoda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBCFF9CFE75FCB52275FCE7" bold="true" box="[450,566,804,830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="19875787FFBCFF9CFE75FCB52275FCE7" box="[450,566,804,830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="338" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, the mountainous habitats, where they were found, and the overall high diversity of soil living arthropods in such habitats, it might be worth searching in similar regions for further undescribed and potential sister taxa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F7C04D6DFFBCFF9CFBF4FCE524ADFC54" box="[1091,1262,884,909]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Martensopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="338" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBCFF9CFBF4FCE524ADFC54" box="[1091,1262,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">Martensopoda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="02B4EAFCFFBCFF9CFB40FCE52178FC6F" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="19875787FFBCFF9CFB40FCE52178FC6F" pageId="3" pageNumber="338" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |