401 lines
60 KiB
XML
401 lines
60 KiB
XML
<document id="B97FA0FD849AE7434BCDA2E01E5CD92F" ID-CLB-Dataset="7333" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4952.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="30721ca2-2400-428e-8068-3d1492e508aa" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4673935" ID-ZooBank="FD1B0F80-4662-48C0-BBF5-B00003BE7437" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1617945345946" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Forthman, Michael & Gil-Santana, Hélcio R." docDate="2021" docId="03A787E19215E751A1E6FE43A5CF6E7E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4952.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4952 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rhiginia crudelis Stal 1862" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="214" masterDocId="FF9EFF999219E75FA171FF99A5346F62" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Rhiginia Stål, 1859, with taxonomical notes on species in the “ cruciata-group ” of this genus and an updated key to the New World genera of Ectrichodiinae (Heteroptera, Reduviidae)" masterLastPageNumber="234" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="213" updateTime="1698936234404" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="BD0D0005B97AE7A2B553F461A557D256">Two new species of Rhiginia Stål, 1859, with taxonomical notes on species in the “ cruciata-group ” of this genus and an updated key to the New World genera of Ectrichodiinae (Heteroptera, Reduviidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="666570A9AF7FA2A76A4762DAA37029F6">Forthman, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8E3A1DBB6DF5933E6D21E36B252516D7">California State Collection of Arthropods, Plant Pest Diagnostics Branch, California Department of Food and Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="69EE2A9244948C70DED96C866D4DDF05">Gil-Santana, Hélcio R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="969E4EA0B7A016DBC19D626149B9BAD7">Laboratório de Diptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040 - 360, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="CB3970D9BFB7C779F990A588C5D2D96B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="77AD11DAEDC05DEAE49C1AC06F5F654A">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6F2CFBC1D726A71389B4BB956C75EE8F">2021-04-09</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03A787E19215E751A1E6FE43A5CF6E7E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4694837" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181011027" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4694837" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787E19215E751A1E6FE43A5CF6E7E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A787E19215E751A1E6FE43A5CF6E7E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="214" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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<subSubSection id="C314657C9215E753A1E6FE43A4DF6E96" box="[151,491,473,501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB136F79215E753A1E6FE43A4DF6E96" blockId="12.[151,491,473,537]" box="[151,491,473,501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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<heading id="D0F9819B9215E753A1E6FE43A4DF6E96" bold="true" box="[151,491,473,501]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749215E753A1E6FE43A4DF6E96" ID-CoL="4S6WD" authority="Stal, 1862" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[151,491,473,501]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAE59215E753A1E6FE43A4DF6E96" bold="true" box="[151,491,473,501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAE59215E753A1E6FE43A45C6E97" bold="true" box="[151,360,474,501]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Rhiginia crudelis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069215E753A001FE40A4DF6E96" author="Stal, C." box="[368,491,473,500]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="437 - 462" refId="ref23882" refString="Stal, C. (1862) Hemiptera mexicana enumeravit speciesque novas descripsit (continuatio). Entomologische Zeitung, 23, 437 - 462." type="journal article" year="1862">Stål, 1862</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C314657C9215E752A1E6FE66A1DF6CC7" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="214" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB136F79215E753A1E6FE66A41A6D7B" blockId="12.[151,491,473,537]" box="[151,302,510,537]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13352A729215E753A1EEFE66A4126D7B" box="[159,294,510,537]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 44–47" captionStart-1="FIGURES 48–51" captionStartId-0="14.[151,264,1900,1924]" captionStartId-1="15.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox-0="[158,1430,308,1877]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1423,181,1883]" captionTargetId-0="figure-94@14.[158,1430,308,1877]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@15.[164,1423,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionText-0="FIGURES 44–47. Ectrichodia crudelis Stål, 1862, syntype male deposited in NHRS, catalog number NHRS-GULI000000174; 44, dorsal view, scale bar 5 mm; 45, ventral view; 46, lateral view; 47, labels. Made available by the Swedish Museum of Natural History under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License, CC-BY 4.0, https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode." captionText-1="FIGURES 48–51. Ectrichodiacrudelis Stål, 1862, syntypefemale deposited in NHRS, catalog number NHRS-GULI000008179; 48, dorsal view, scale bar 5 mm; 49, ventral view; 50, lateral view; 51, labels. Made available by the Swedish Museum of Natural History under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License, CC-BY 4.0, https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4673959" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4673961" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4673959/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4673961/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Figs. 44–51</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB136F79215E752A1E6FDDFA1DF6CC7" blockId="12.[151,1436,582,681]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="214" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAE59215E753A1E6FDDFA4806D03" bold="true" box="[151,436,582,609]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Morphological remarks</emphasis>
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. Males of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749215E753A35EFDDEA7C66D03" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[559,754,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAE59215E753A35EFDDEA7C66D03" box="[559,754,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Rhiginia crudelis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13352A729215E753A272FDDEA6BF6D03" box="[771,907,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 44–47" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,308,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-94@14.[158,1430,308,1877]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 44–47. Ectrichodia crudelis Stål, 1862, syntype male deposited in NHRS, catalog number NHRS-GULI000000174; 44, dorsal view, scale bar 5 mm; 45, ventral view; 46, lateral view; 47, labels. Made available by the Swedish Museum of Natural History under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License, CC-BY 4.0, https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4673959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4673959/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Figs. 44–47</figureCitation>
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) are relatively small (
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<quantity id="4CF69B129215E753A5F5FDDEA0346D03" box="[1156,1280,583,609]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="11.0">11–14 mm</quantity>
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) compared to most other members of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749215E753A0B3FDF2A72B6DE6" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[450,543,619,644]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAE59215E753A0B3FDF2A72B6DE6" box="[450,543,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">cruciata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-group. The dorsal surface of the head, most of the pronotum, scutellar processes, base of the hemelytra and a stripe continuing along the M vein of the corium that ends in an irregular spot adjacent to the outer membranal discal cell (M+Cu cell), and dorsal surface of the connexivum are sanguineous. The ocellar tubercle and margins of the antennifers may be dark brown-black. The pronotum may have a dark brown-black medial longitudinal sulcus on the anterior lobe, as well as two paramedial spots on the transverse sulcus varying from small to moderately large. In some specimens, the scutellar processes are dark red, almost appearing dark brown. The legs are invariably dark brown-black. Ventrally, the head and thoracic sterna are dark brown-black or dark red and infuscated. Abdominal sternite II can be partially or completely dark brown-black medially. An area on sternite VII bordering the pygophore, as well as the latter, is also dark brown-black. The remainder of the abdominal sternites are sanguineous or have a wide longitudinal dark brown-black lateral band that narrowly extends medially along the intersternite furrows. The head is more ovate and globular in lateral view than in most other species of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A1B3FE42A42B6E96" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[194,287,475,500]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A1B3FE42A42B6E96" box="[194,287,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">cruciata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-group, and the species has a strongly convex frons and small eyes (
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<figureCitation id="13352A729214E752A554FE42A14E6E94" box="[1061,1146,475,502]" captionStart="FIGURES 44–47" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,308,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-94@14.[158,1430,308,1877]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 44–47. Ectrichodia crudelis Stål, 1862, syntype male deposited in NHRS, catalog number NHRS-GULI000000174; 44, dorsal view, scale bar 5 mm; 45, ventral view; 46, lateral view; 47, labels. Made available by the Swedish Museum of Natural History under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License, CC-BY 4.0, https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4673959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4673959/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
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). The ocelli are separated by a distance subequal to the diameter of an ocellus and occupy approximately half of the relatively shallow ocellar tubercle (
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<figureCitation id="13352A729214E752A073FDBAA4B96D5C" box="[258,397,547,574]" captionStart="FIGURES 44–47" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,308,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-94@14.[158,1430,308,1877]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 44–47. Ectrichodia crudelis Stål, 1862, syntype male deposited in NHRS, catalog number NHRS-GULI000000174; 44, dorsal view, scale bar 5 mm; 45, ventral view; 46, lateral view; 47, labels. Made available by the Swedish Museum of Natural History under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License, CC-BY 4.0, https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4673959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4673959/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Figs. 44, 46</figureCitation>
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). The anterior pronotal lobe is about two-thirds the length of the posterior lobe, the anterior margin is relatively straight and not distinctly notched medially, and the anterolateral pronotal protuberances are indiscernible or slightly prominent and blunt (
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<figureCitation id="13352A729214E752A3E8FDF2A7D96DE7" box="[665,749,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 44–47" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,308,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-94@14.[158,1430,308,1877]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 44–47. Ectrichodia crudelis Stål, 1862, syntype male deposited in NHRS, catalog number NHRS-GULI000000174; 44, dorsal view, scale bar 5 mm; 45, ventral view; 46, lateral view; 47, labels. Made available by the Swedish Museum of Natural History under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License, CC-BY 4.0, https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4673959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4673959/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
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). The hemelytra surpass the apex of the abdomen, the Cu+1A cell in the membrane is subrectangular, and the proximal margin of the Cu+1A membranal cell is about twice that of the M+Cu membranal cell (
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<figureCitation id="13352A729214E752A0B9FD2AA72F6DAF" box="[456,539,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 44–47" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,308,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-94@14.[158,1430,308,1877]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 44–47. Ectrichodia crudelis Stål, 1862, syntype male deposited in NHRS, catalog number NHRS-GULI000000174; 44, dorsal view, scale bar 5 mm; 45, ventral view; 46, lateral view; 47, labels. Made available by the Swedish Museum of Natural History under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License, CC-BY 4.0, https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4673959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4673959/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
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). Sternite II has shallow longitudinal ridges medially. The slightly smaller female (
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<figureCitation id="13352A729214E752A1EEFD4EA4116D93" box="[159,293,726,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–51" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-21@15.[164,1423,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 48–51. Ectrichodiacrudelis Stål, 1862, syntypefemale deposited in NHRS, catalog number NHRS-GULI000008179; 48, dorsal view, scale bar 5 mm; 49, ventral view; 50, lateral view; 51, labels. Made available by the Swedish Museum of Natural History under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License, CC-BY 4.0, https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4673961" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4673961/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Figs. 48–50</figureCitation>
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) is brachypterous, with the hemelytra not reaching or surpassing the posterior margin of tergite III. The dorsal coloration is similar as in the male, except the pronotum has reduced to absent dark brown-black markings. The visible tergites are dark brown-black. The ventral surface of the female is entirely dark brown-black, except for a relatively large posterolateral sanguineous spot on sternites II and III. The head is more globular, the frons is much more convex, and the eyes are smaller than in the male. The anterior pronotal lobe is subequal in length to the posterior lobe. The scutellum is less depressed medially, and the apical processes are much shorter.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF71667F9215E753A1E6F8C5A4F26882" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4673957" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4673957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4673957/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" startId="12.[151,264,1884,1908]" targetBox="[151,1436,705,1861]" targetPageId="12">
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<paragraph id="8BB136F79215E753A1E6F8C5A4F26882" blockId="12.[151,1437,1884,2016]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAE59215E753A1E6F8C5A4676816" bold="true" box="[151,339,1884,1908]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">FIGURES 40–43.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749215E753A026F8C5A7A86816" authority="Stal, 1872" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1872" box="[343,668,1884,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectrichodia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crucifera">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAE59215E753A026F8C5A7046816" box="[343,560,1884,1908]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Ectrichodia crucifera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069215E753A344F8C5A7A86816" author="Stal, C." box="[565,668,1884,1908]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="1 - 159" refId="ref23908" refString="Stal, C. (1872) Enumeratio Hemipterorum. Bidrag till en foreteckning ofver alla hittils kanda Hemiptera, jemte systematiska meddelanden. 2. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 10 (4), 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1872">Stål, 1872</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, male syntype deposited in NHRS, catalog number NHRS-GULI000000175; 40, dorsal view, scale bar 5 mm; 41, ventral view; 42, lateral view; 43, labels. Made available by the Swedish Museum of Natural History under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License, CC-BY 4.0, https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C314657C9214E752A1B6FC37A6E968DB" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136F79214E752A1B6FC37A7146BC3" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A1B6FC37A4786CAA" bold="true" box="[199,332,942,968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A028FC37A4EF6CA8" author="Stal, C." box="[345,475,942,970]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="437 - 462" refId="ref23882" refString="Stal, C. (1862) Hemiptera mexicana enumeravit speciesque novas descripsit (continuatio). Entomologische Zeitung, 23, 437 - 462." type="journal article" year="1862">Stål (1862)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A32EFC36A7EA6CAB" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[607,734,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A32EFC36A7EA6CAB" box="[607,734,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">R. crudelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on males and brachypterous female specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679214E752A1E6FC4AA5DB6C8F" box="[151,239,979,1005]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, with a total length of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B129214E752A081FC4AA7586C8F" box="[496,620,979,1005]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="11.0">11–19 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A309FC4BA7C26C8C" author="Stal, C." box="[632,758,978,1006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="437 - 462" refId="ref23882" refString="Stal, C. (1862) Hemiptera mexicana enumeravit speciesque novas descripsit (continuatio). Entomologische Zeitung, 23, 437 - 462." type="journal article" year="1862">Stål (1862)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recognized three variants (“var. a”., “var. b.” and “var. c.”) based strictly on color differences. However, during the present study, it became clear that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A5E8FC6FA01D6B70" author="Stal, C." box="[1177,1321,1014,1042]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="437 - 462" refId="ref23882" refString="Stal, C. (1862) Hemiptera mexicana enumeravit speciesque novas descripsit (continuatio). Entomologische Zeitung, 23, 437 - 462." type="journal article" year="1862">Stål’s (1862)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
“var c” is another specific entity, which is here described as a new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A2F7FB82A16F6B57" authority="Forthman & Gil-Santana, 2021" authorityName="Forthman & Gil-Santana" authorityYear="2021" box="[902,1115,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicholsae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A2F7FB82A16F6B57" box="[902,1115,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Rhiginia nicholsae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A515FB82A1F46B57" bold="true" box="[1124,1216,1051,1077]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A249579E9214E752A515FB82A1F46B57" box="[1124,1216,1051,1077]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13352A729214E752A5A0FB82A0696B57" box="[1233,1373,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 71–74" captionStartId="27.[151,264,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-21@27.[151,1436,181,1911]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 71–74. Rhiginia crudelis Stål, 1862, syntype male (now treated as a paratype of R. nicholsae sp. nov.) deposited in NHMW (© Hemiptera Image Collection, Natural History Museum, Vienna). 71, dorsal view, scale bar 5 mm; 72, ventral view; 73, head, lateral view; 74, labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4673969" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4673969/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Figs. 71–74</figureCitation>
|
||
). The morphological remarks given above for the males correspond well with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A2B9FBA7A16D6B38" author="Stal, C." box="[968,1113,1086,1114]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="437 - 462" refId="ref23882" refString="Stal, C. (1862) Hemiptera mexicana enumeravit speciesque novas descripsit (continuatio). Entomologische Zeitung, 23, 437 - 462." type="journal article" year="1862">Stål’s (1862)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
“var. a” description and one of his
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B588559214E752A1AEFBFAA43B6B1F" box="[223,271,1123,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13352A729214E752A0EAFBFAA7116B1F" box="[411,549,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 44–47" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,308,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-94@14.[158,1430,308,1877]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 44–47. Ectrichodia crudelis Stål, 1862, syntype male deposited in NHRS, catalog number NHRS-GULI000000174; 44, dorsal view, scale bar 5 mm; 45, ventral view; 46, lateral view; 47, labels. Made available by the Swedish Museum of Natural History under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License, CC-BY 4.0, https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4673959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4673959/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Figs. 44–47</figureCitation>
|
||
), while the remarks given for the female correspond to his “var. b” description and a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B588559214E752A1ABFB1EA43E6BC3" box="[218,266,1159,1185]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13352A729214E752A0FBFB1EA7206BC3" box="[394,532,1158,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 48–51" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-21@15.[164,1423,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 48–51. Ectrichodiacrudelis Stål, 1862, syntypefemale deposited in NHRS, catalog number NHRS-GULI000008179; 48, dorsal view, scale bar 5 mm; 49, ventral view; 50, lateral view; 51, labels. Made available by the Swedish Museum of Natural History under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License, CC-BY 4.0, https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4673961" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4673961/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Figs. 48–51</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136F79214E752A1B6FB33A7546A37" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A1B6FB33A47C6BA7" author="Stal, C." box="[199,328,1194,1221]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 159" refId="ref23908" refString="Stal, C. (1872) Enumeratio Hemipterorum. Bidrag till en foreteckning ofver alla hittils kanda Hemiptera, jemte systematiska meddelanden. 2. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 10 (4), 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1872">Stål (1872)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
used a new name for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A325FB32A7E46BA7" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[596,720,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A325FB32A7E46BA7" box="[596,720,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">R. crudelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A392FB32A6E36BA7" box="[739,983,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectrichodia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A392FB32A6E36BA7" box="[739,983,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Ectrichodia ruficollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A5BEFB32A01D6BA7" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[1231,1321,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A5BEFB32A01D6BA7" box="[1231,1321,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">crudelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had been preoccupied in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A035FB56A4FC6B8B" authorityName="Lepeletier & Serville" authorityYear="1825" box="[324,456,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectrichodia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A035FB56A4FC6B8B" box="[324,456,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Ectrichodia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A0A9FB56A77D6B8A" box="[472,585,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">lato sensu</emphasis>
|
||
), the latter became restricted to a few American forms, and by consequence the alteration became unnecessary (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A349FB6AA7C26A6F" author="Champion, G. C." box="[568,758,1267,1293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref22241" refString="Champion, G. C. (1899) [Printing sheets 27 - 28, containing pp. 211 - 226, pl. XIII]. In: Godman, F. D. & Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali Americana. Insecta Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Vol. II (1897 - 1901). Taylor & Francis, London, pp. i - xvi + 1 - 416, pls. 1 - 22." type="book chapter" year="1899">Champion 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A276FB6AA6FA6A6F" author="Maldonado Capriles, J." box="[775,974,1267,1293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 694" refId="ref23667" refString="Maldonado Capriles, J. (1990) Systematic catalogue of the Reduviidae of the world (Insecta: Heteroptera). Caribbean Journal of Science University of Puerto Rico, Special Edition, 1 - 694." type="book chapter" year="1990">Maldonado 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A52BFB6AA0A86A6C" author="Lethierry, L. & Severin, G." box="[1114,1436,1267,1294]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" refId="ref23632" refString="Lethierry, L. & Severin, G. (1896) Catalogue general des Hemipteres. Tome III. Heteropteres. Berlin, R. Friedlander & Fils, Libraires-Editeurs, 275 pp." type="book" year="1896">Lethierry & Severin (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
maintained
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A06CFA8EA4976A53" box="[285,419,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectrichodia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A06CFA8EA4976A53" box="[285,419,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">E. ruficollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the valid name for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A3D8FA8EA6EE6A53" authority=", Walker (1873)" authorityName=", Walker" authorityYear="1873" box="[681,986,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A3D8FA8EA6106A53" box="[681,804,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">R. crudelis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A245FA8EA6EE6A53" author="Walker, F." box="[820,986,1303,1329]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" refId="ref24162" refString="Walker, F. (1873) Catalogue of the specimens of Hemiptera Heteroptera in the Collection of the British Museum. Part VIII. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 220 pp." type="book" year="1873">Walker (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A298FA8EA1876A53" author="Champion, G. C." box="[1001,1203,1303,1329]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref22241" refString="Champion, G. C. (1899) [Printing sheets 27 - 28, containing pp. 211 - 226, pl. XIII]. In: Godman, F. D. & Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali Americana. Insecta Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Vol. II (1897 - 1901). Taylor & Francis, London, pp. i - xvi + 1 - 416, pls. 1 - 22." type="book chapter" year="1899">Champion (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A582FA8EA0A86A53" author="Fracker, S. R." box="[1267,1436,1303,1329]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="217 - 252" refId="ref22627" refString="Fracker, S. R. (1912) A systematic outline of the Reduviidae of North America. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science, 19, 217 - 252." type="journal article" year="1912">Fracker (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
cited the species as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A005FAA2A76D6A37" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[372,601,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectrichodia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A005FAA2A76D6A37" box="[372,601,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Ectrichodia crudelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136F79214E752A1B6FAC6A7396AA3" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A1B6FAC6A4BA6A1B" author="Champion, G. C." box="[199,398,1375,1401]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref22241" refString="Champion, G. C. (1899) [Printing sheets 27 - 28, containing pp. 211 - 226, pl. XIII]. In: Godman, F. D. & Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali Americana. Insecta Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Vol. II (1897 - 1901). Taylor & Francis, London, pp. i - xvi + 1 - 416, pls. 1 - 22." type="book chapter" year="1899">Champion (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
argued that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A36BFAC6A7A06A1B" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[538,660,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectrichodia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A36BFAC6A7A06A1B" box="[538,660,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">E. crudelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had a wide range of variation in coloration and size (from almost
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B129214E752A4F1FAC6A5F76AFF" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B129214E752A197FA1AA4016AFF" box="[230,309,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length), and by consequence included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A277FA1AA6B86AFF" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1872" box="[774,908,1411,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectrichodia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crucifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A277FA1AA6B86AFF" box="[774,908,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">E. crucifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as its junior synonym, which seemed to him to represent a variety of the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136F79214E752A1B6FA52A5C169FB" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
The synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A0F9FA52A6356A87" authority="Walker, 1873" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1873" box="[392,769,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectrichodia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A0F9FA52A7576A87" box="[392,611,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Ectrichodia fervida</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A31AFA52A6356A87" author="Walker, F." box="[619,769,1483,1509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" refId="ref24162" refString="Walker, F. (1873) Catalogue of the specimens of Hemiptera Heteroptera in the Collection of the British Museum. Part VIII. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 220 pp." type="book" year="1873">Walker, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A232FA52A6896A87" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[835,957,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectrichodia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A232FA52A6896A87" box="[835,957,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">E. crudelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first established by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A5A4FA52A0A86A87" author="Champion, G. C." box="[1237,1436,1483,1509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref22241" refString="Champion, G. C. (1899) [Printing sheets 27 - 28, containing pp. 211 - 226, pl. XIII]. In: Godman, F. D. & Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali Americana. Insecta Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Vol. II (1897 - 1901). Taylor & Francis, London, pp. i - xvi + 1 - 416, pls. 1 - 22." type="book chapter" year="1899">Champion (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and also proposed as original by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A36BFA76A7F4696B" author="Distant, W. L." box="[538,704,1519,1545]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="282 - 299" refId="ref22327" refString="Distant, W. L. (1902) Rhynchotal notes. - XV. Heteroptera: Family Reduviidae (continued), Piratinae and Ectrichodiinae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 10 (58), 282 - 299. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930208678673" type="journal article" year="1902">Distant (1902)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in a revised list of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A2D8FA76A178696B" baseAuthorityName="Forthman & Weirauch" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[937,1100,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ectrichodiinae">Ectrichodiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A43DFA76A5D0694F" author="Walker, F." pageId="13" pageNumber="214" refId="ref24162" refString="Walker, F. (1873) Catalogue of the specimens of Hemiptera Heteroptera in the Collection of the British Museum. Part VIII. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 220 pp." type="book" year="1873">Walker (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and accepted by subsequent authors (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A3B6F98AA66A694F" author="Fracker, S. R." box="[711,862,1555,1581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="217 - 252" refId="ref22627" refString="Fracker, S. R. (1912) A systematic outline of the Reduviidae of North America. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science, 19, 217 - 252." type="journal article" year="1912">Fracker 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A218F98AA161694F" author="Baena, M. & Susin, J." box="[873,1109,1555,1581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="113 - 119" refId="ref22009" refString="Baena, M. & Susin, J. (2007) Rhiginia guentheri - a new species from Peru Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Ectrichodiinae). Mainzer Naturwissenschaftliches Archiv, Beiheft, 31, 113 - 119." type="journal article" year="2007">Baena & Susín 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A516F98AA00C694F" author="Maldonado Capriles, J." box="[1127,1336,1555,1581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 694" refId="ref23667" refString="Maldonado Capriles, J. (1990) Systematic catalogue of the Reduviidae of the world (Insecta: Heteroptera). Caribbean Journal of Science University of Puerto Rico, Special Edition, 1 - 694." type="book chapter" year="1990">Maldonado (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
wrongly attributed the priority in establishing this synonymy to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A263F9AEA68E6933" author="Distant, W. L." box="[786,954,1591,1617]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="282 - 299" refId="ref22327" refString="Distant, W. L. (1902) Rhynchotal notes. - XV. Heteroptera: Family Reduviidae (continued), Piratinae and Ectrichodiinae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 10 (58), 282 - 299. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930208678673" type="journal article" year="1902">Distant (1902)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A2B6F9AEA16F6933" author="Uhler, P. R." box="[967,1115,1591,1617]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="365 - 446" refId="ref23998" refString="Uhler, P. R. (1878) Notices of the Hemiptera Heteroptera in the Collection of the late T. W. Harris, M. D. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 19, 365 - 446." type="journal article" year="1878">Uhler (1878)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A5E7F9AEA0046933" author="Banks, N." box="[1174,1328,1591,1617]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" refId="ref22048" refString="Banks, N. (1910) Catalogue of the Nearctic Hemiptera - Heteroptera. American Entomological Society, Philadelphia, 103 pp., VII pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12353" type="book" year="1910">Banks (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A4F5F9AEA5C56917" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectrichodia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A4F5F9AEA5C56917" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">R. crudelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A084F9C2A7E86916" box="[501,732,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectrichodia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A084F9C2A7E86916" box="[501,732,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Ectrichodia cruciata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A243F9C2A1356917" author="Maldonado Capriles, J." box="[818,1025,1627,1653]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 694" refId="ref23667" refString="Maldonado Capriles, J. (1990) Systematic catalogue of the Reduviidae of the world (Insecta: Heteroptera). Caribbean Journal of Science University of Puerto Rico, Special Edition, 1 - 694." type="book chapter" year="1990">Maldonado (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered Banks’ (1910) synonymy an error.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136F79214E752A1B6F93AA6E968DB" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A1B6F93AA4BD69DF" authorityName=", Walker" authorityYear="1873" box="[199,393,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A1B6F93AA4BD69DF" box="[199,393,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Rhiginia crudelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was only recorded from Mexico by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A250F93BA69569DF" author="Stal, C." box="[801,929,1698,1725]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 159" refId="ref23908" refString="Stal, C. (1872) Enumeratio Hemipterorum. Bidrag till en foreteckning ofver alla hittils kanda Hemiptera, jemte systematiska meddelanden. 2. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 10 (4), 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1872">Stål (1872)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A2DCF93AA1D669DC" author="Lethierry, L. & Severin, G." box="[941,1250,1699,1726]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" refId="ref23632" refString="Lethierry, L. & Severin, G. (1896) Catalogue general des Hemipteres. Tome III. Heteropteres. Berlin, R. Friedlander & Fils, Libraires-Editeurs, 275 pp." type="book" year="1896">Lethierry & Severin (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A59FF93AA0A369DF" author="Fracker, S. R." box="[1262,1431,1699,1725]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="217 - 252" refId="ref22627" refString="Fracker, S. R. (1912) A systematic outline of the Reduviidae of North America. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science, 19, 217 - 252." type="journal article" year="1912">Fracker (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A1BBF95EA48D6983" author="Wygodzinsky, P." box="[202,441,1735,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 102" refId="ref24198" refString="Wygodzinsky, P. (1949) Elenco sistematico de los reduviiformes americanos. Instituto de Medicina Regional de la Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Monografia 1, 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1949">Wygodzinsky (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and also from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679214E752A301F95EA7F96983" box="[624,717,1735,1761]" name="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A38FF95EA6E26983" author="Maldonado Capriles, J." box="[766,982,1735,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 694" refId="ref23667" refString="Maldonado Capriles, J. (1990) Systematic catalogue of the Reduviidae of the world (Insecta: Heteroptera). Caribbean Journal of Science University of Puerto Rico, Special Edition, 1 - 694." type="book chapter" year="1990">Maldonado (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A294F95EA19B6983" author="Champion, G. C." box="[997,1199,1735,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref22241" refString="Champion, G. C. (1899) [Printing sheets 27 - 28, containing pp. 211 - 226, pl. XIII]. In: Godman, F. D. & Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali Americana. Insecta Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Vol. II (1897 - 1901). Taylor & Francis, London, pp. i - xvi + 1 - 416, pls. 1 - 22." type="book chapter" year="1899">Champion (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A59CF95EA5D66867" author="Baena, M. & Susin, J." pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="113 - 119" refId="ref22009" refString="Baena, M. & Susin, J. (2007) Rhiginia guentheri - a new species from Peru Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Ectrichodiinae). Mainzer Naturwissenschaftliches Archiv, Beiheft, 31, 113 - 119." type="journal article" year="2007">Baena & Susín (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
additionally included
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679214E752A098F972A75E6867" box="[489,618,1771,1797]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679214E752A308F972A7C16867" box="[633,757,1771,1797]" name="Guatemala" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679214E752A274F972A64F6867" box="[773,891,1771,1797]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679214E752A2CCF972A12D6867" box="[957,1049,1771,1797]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
, while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A500F972A00A6867" author="Dougherty, V." box="[1137,1342,1770,1797]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="173 - 225" refId="ref22383" refString="Dougherty, V. (1995) A review of the New World Ectrichodiinae genera (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 121, 173 - 225." type="journal article" year="1995">Dougherty (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not mention
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679214E752A18BF896A459684B" box="[250,365,1807,1833]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679214E752A0D5F896A735684B" box="[420,513,1807,1833]" name="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
but included
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679214E752A3EDF896A639684B" box="[668,781,1807,1833]" name="Honduras" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A266F896A6D5684B" author="Carpintero, D. J." box="[791,993,1807,1833]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="3 - 33" refId="ref22168" refString="Carpintero, D. J. (1980) Nuevos Ectrichodiinae americanos (Insecta - Hemiptera - Reduviidae). Acta Scientifica, Serie Entomologia, 14, 3 - 33." type="journal article" year="1980">Carpintero (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded the occurrence of this species in forests of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679214E752A054F8AAA4B6682F" box="[293,386,1843,1869]" name="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679214E752A0C9F8AAA71E682F" box="[440,554,1843,1869]" name="Argentina" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069214E752A30AF8AAA6DD682C" author="Carpintero, D. J. & Maldonado, J." box="[635,1001,1843,1870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="125 - 141" refId="ref22200" refString="Carpintero, D. J. & Maldonado, J. (1996) Diagnostic characters and key to the genera of American Ectrichodiinae (Heteroptera, Reduviidae). Caribbean Journal of Science, 32, 125 - 141." type="journal article" year="1996">Carpintero & Maldonado (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A51AF8AAA1D0682F" authorityName=", Walker" authorityYear="1873" box="[1131,1252,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A51AF8AAA1D0682F" box="[1131,1252,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">R. crudelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“is known from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679214E752A1B1F8CEA4626813" box="[192,342,1879,1905]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679214E752A009F8CEA4DA6813" box="[376,494,1879,1905]" name="Argentina" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
”. However, considering that the concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A2A4F8CEA17A6813" authorityName=", Walker" authorityYear="1873" box="[981,1102,1879,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A2A4F8CEA17A6813" box="[981,1102,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">R. crudelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
became stricter in the present study (e.g., Stål’s “var. c” is treated as a separate species [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A254F8E2A6CD68F7" authority="Forthman & Gil-Santana, 2021" authorityName="Forthman & Gil-Santana" authorityYear="2021" box="[805,1017,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicholsae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A254F8E2A6CD68F7" box="[805,1017,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Rhiginia nicholsae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A571F8E2A16F68F7" bold="true" box="[1024,1115,1915,1941]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A249579E9214E752A571F8E2A16F68F7" box="[1024,1115,1915,1941]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
]), it is possible that some of these country records may or may not include one or both of these species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C314657C9214E751A1B6F85BA5CF6E7E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="215" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136F79214E751A1B6F85BA5CF6E7E" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1436,149,284]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="215" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A1B6F85BA74768BE" bold="true" box="[199,627,1986,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
Material examined.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B588559214E752A0CEF85AA4CE68BF" box="[447,506,1987,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B663CAA9214E752A30FF85AA0BD68BF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3073874302" box="[638,1417,1986,2013]" country="Mexico" location="Salle" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679214E752A30FF85AA7E068BF" box="[638,724,1987,2013]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
//
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A388F85AA60568BF" box="[761,817,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<location id="8ED1602C9214E752A388F85AA60568BF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787E19215E751A1E6FE43A5CF6E7E:8ED1602C9214E752A388F85AA60568BF" box="[761,817,1987,2013]" country="Mexico" name="Salle" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Sallé</location>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
//
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749214E752A226F85AA6DC68BF" authority="Stal" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[855,1000,1986,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59214E752A226F85AA6DC68BF" box="[855,1000,1986,2013]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">crudelis Stål</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
//
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B588559214E752A57CF85AA16568BF" box="[1037,1105,1987,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Typus</typeStatus>
|
||
// 48 / 78 // NHRS-GULI
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
/
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B663CAA9217E751A1E6FF0FA6A06FB6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3073874311" collectionCode="NHRS" country="Mexico" location="Other" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Mexico" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
000000174 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D08FD7E9217E751A058FF0FA46F6FD3" box="[297,347,150,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE329217E751A004FF0FA4F26FD2" box="[373,454,150,176]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rsbi-vwmq" name="Swedish Museum of Natural History, Entomology Collections" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">NHRS</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAF8159217E751A0ABFF0FA7046FD2" box="[474,560,150,176]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Mexico</collectingRegion>
|
||
//
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59217E751A321FF0FA7BC6FD2" box="[592,648,150,176]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Sallé</emphasis>
|
||
//
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B588559217E751A3D8FF0EA6236FD3" box="[681,791,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="paratype">Paratypus</typeStatus>
|
||
// 49 / 78 //
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59217E751A2D8FF0FA1D16FD2" box="[937,1253,149,177]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749217E751A2D8FF0FA1196FD2" authorityName="Lepeletier & Serville" authorityYear="1825" box="[937,1069,150,176]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ectrichodia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ectrichodia</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749217E751A537FF0FA1946FD2" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[1094,1184,150,176]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">crudelis</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Stål
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
// NHRS-GULI / 000008179 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D08FD7E9217E751A04BFF23A4566FB7" box="[314,354,186,213]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE329217E751A00FFF23A4FB6FB6" box="[382,463,186,212]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rsbi-vwmq" name="Swedish Museum of Natural History, Entomology Collections" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">NHRS</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59217E751A092FF23A62D6FB6" bold="true" box="[483,793,186,212]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<location id="8ED1602C9217E751A092FF23A71E6FB6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787E19215E751A1E6FE43A5CF6E7E:8ED1602C9217E751A092FF23A71E6FB6" box="[483,554,186,212]" country="Mexico" name="Other" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" stateProvince="Mexico">Other</location>
|
||
specimen material:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976679217E751A250FF23A6A06FB6" box="[801,916,186,212]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B663CAA9217E751A2D0FF23A5CF6F9A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3073874308" collectionCode="VII" country="Mexico" location="Loberas" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" specimenCode="VII-3-82" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sinaloa" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAF8159217E751A2D0FF23A6C16FB6" box="[929,1013,186,212]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
|
||
/
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A032FD59217E751A57FFF23A0376FB6" box="[1038,1283,186,213]" location="Concordia" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B129217E751A57FFF23A16C6FB6" box="[1038,1112,186,212]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1155072" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" unit="mi" value="38.0">38 mi.</quantity>
|
||
NE Concordia
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
/ nr.
|
||
<location id="8ED1602C9217E751A433FF23A0A86FB6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787E19215E751A1E6FE43A5CF6E7E:8ED1602C9217E751A433FF23A0A86FB6" box="[1346,1436,186,212]" country="Mexico" name="Loberas" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" stateProvince="Sinaloa">Loberas</location>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBA89E8C9217E751A1E6FF47A5CF6F9A" box="[151,251,222,248]" collectionCode="VII-" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">VII-3-82</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
/
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B663CAA9217E751A065FF47A5C36E7E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3073874309" collectionCode="CSCA" collectorName="Fred G. Andrews" country="Mexico" determinerName="M. Forthman" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Sinaloa" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectorName id="26FB53219217E751A065FF47A4EC6F9A" box="[276,472,222,248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Fred G. Andrews</collectorName>
|
||
/ coll. at blacklight //
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D749217E751A3ABFF47A6A96F9A" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[730,925,222,248]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Rhiginia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crudelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAE59217E751A3ABFF47A6A96F9A" box="[730,925,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Rhiginia crudelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B069217E751A2C6FF47A11E6F9A" author="Stal, C." box="[951,1066,222,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" pagination="437 - 462" refId="ref23882" refString="Stal, C. (1862) Hemiptera mexicana enumeravit speciesque novas descripsit (continuatio). Entomologische Zeitung, 23, 437 - 462." type="journal article" year="1862">Stål, 1862</bibRefCitation>
|
||
/ det.
|
||
<determinerName id="7E6DDA339217E751A507FF46A03F6F9A" box="[1142,1291,222,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">M. Forthman</determinerName>
|
||
2020 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D08FD7E9217E751A42FFF47A0A76F9B" box="[1374,1427,222,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE329217E751A1EEFE9BA5DA6E7E" box="[159,238,258,284]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33156" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33156" name="California State Collection of Arthropods" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="Museum">CSCA</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |