168 lines
23 KiB
XML
168 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="3914F86FC6F6973E7BE9325A8FCCB8AF" ID-CLB-Dataset="55630" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5134.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a13639ac-223e-4ffe-9cae-007a1b397482" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6531298" ID-ZooBank="4B68EA16-6738-431E-BFFF-4CF9FB4FBB41" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1652087317317" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Duelli, Peter & Henry, Charles S." docDate="2022" docId="0388BB4B6717E060B39DF95BFD0F0E86" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5134.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5134 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Apertochrysa ventralis" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="82" masterDocId="FFB1C3336703E075B30AFFFAFFEF0F57" masterDocTitle="The Apertochrysa prasina group (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), with a key to the European species" masterLastPageNumber="91" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="81" updateTime="1699330029926" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="64DE8A82E8BF76F7B711C425E81900A0">The Apertochrysa prasina group (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), with a key to the European species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4B5F394A6E8E7CA5BD44A2751D926AB4">Duelli, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D96F49D66EB83E541F39DF1DBE5CE64C">Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zu ̈ rcherstrasse 111, CH- 8903 Birmensdorf ZH, Switzerland. peter. duelli @ wsl. ch; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8862 - 8262</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="471006C34DAD46370D0E21A60BE393E4" type="email">peter.duelli@wsl.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="240775572D0CD457647E2BDA87A195A6">Henry, Charles S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C1A6CBC839832F571EEBF17D9E2BCAD3">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Unit 3043, 75 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269 - 3043, USA. charles. henry @ uconn. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7297 - 9703</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="C33B59D66717E061B39DF95BFDB309EC" box="[151,604,1697,1724]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6717E061B39DF95BFDB309EC" blockId="20.[151,604,1697,1724]" box="[151,604,1697,1724]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">
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<heading id="D0D6BD316717E061B39DF95BFDB309EC" bold="true" box="[151,604,1697,1724]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6717E061B39DF95BFDB309EC" ID-CoL="5VKLF" authority="(Curtis, 1834)" baseAuthorityName="Curtis" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[151,604,1697,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ventralis">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F6717E061B39DF95BFDB309EC" bold="true" box="[151,604,1697,1724]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F6717E061B39DF95BFE4709EB" bold="true" box="[151,424,1697,1724]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">Apertochrysa ventralis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6717E061B2B2F95BFDBB09EC" author="Curtis, J." box="[440,596,1697,1723]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" refId="ref18468" refString="Curtis, J. (1824 - 1839) 1834. Chrysopa abbreviata. In: British Entomology; being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland: containing coloured figures from nature of the most rare and beautiful species, and in many instances of the plants upon which they are found. Vol. 11 of 16 Vols. Printed for the author, London, pl. 520. [unpaginated books] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / t. 173544" type="book" year="1834">Curtis, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B59D66717E061B39DF91CFCEB08C0" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6717E061B39DF91CFD5F09A9" blockId="20.[151,1436,1766,2016]" box="[151,688,1766,1790]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6717E061B39DF91CFE0F09A9" ID-CoL="5YPJQ" authority="Curtis, 1834" authorityName="Curtis" authorityYear="1834" box="[151,480,1766,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ventralis">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F6717E061B39DF91CFEB609A9" box="[151,345,1766,1790]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">Chrysopa ventralis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6717E061B255F91CFE0F09A9" author="Curtis, J." box="[351,480,1766,1790]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" refId="ref18468" refString="Curtis, J. (1824 - 1839) 1834. Chrysopa abbreviata. In: British Entomology; being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland: containing coloured figures from nature of the most rare and beautiful species, and in many instances of the plants upon which they are found. Vol. 11 of 16 Vols. Printed for the author, London, pl. 520. [unpaginated books] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / t. 173544" type="book" year="1834">Curtis, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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: original description
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6717E061B39DF8FEFD03084A" blockId="20.[151,1436,1766,2016]" box="[151,748,1796,1821]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6717E061B39DF8FEFDE3084A" ID-CoL="673SV" authority="(Curtis, 1834)" baseAuthorityName="Curtis" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[151,524,1796,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Anisochrysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ventralis">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F6717E061B39DF8FEFE9B084B" box="[151,372,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">Anisochrysa ventralis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6717E061B28BF8FEFDEB084A" author="Curtis, J." box="[385,516,1796,1821]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" refId="ref18468" refString="Curtis, J. (1824 - 1839) 1834. Chrysopa abbreviata. In: British Entomology; being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland: containing coloured figures from nature of the most rare and beautiful species, and in many instances of the plants upon which they are found. Vol. 11 of 16 Vols. Printed for the author, London, pl. 520. [unpaginated books] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / t. 173544" type="book" year="1834">Curtis, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6717E061B11FF8FEFD03084A" author="Holzel, H. & Ohm, P." box="[533,748,1796,1821]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" pagination="127 - 145" refId="ref18936" refString="Holzel, H. & Ohm, P. (1972) Die Chrysopiden der Iberischen Halbinsel (Planipennia, Chrysopidae). Faunistisch-Okologische Mitteilungen, 4, 127 - 145." type="journal article" year="1972">Hölzel & Ohm, 1972</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6717E061B39DF8D9FD4A086C" blockId="20.[151,1436,1766,2016]" box="[151,677,1827,1851]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6717E061B39DF8D9FDFF086C" ID-CoL="35LYD" authority="(Curtis, 1834)" baseAuthorityName="Curtis" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[151,528,1827,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Dichochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ventralis">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F6717E061B39DF8D9FE97086C" box="[151,376,1827,1851]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">Dichochrysa ventralis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6717E061B28FF8D9FDE7086C" author="Curtis, J." box="[389,520,1827,1851]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" refId="ref18468" refString="Curtis, J. (1824 - 1839) 1834. Chrysopa abbreviata. In: British Entomology; being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland: containing coloured figures from nature of the most rare and beautiful species, and in many instances of the plants upon which they are found. Vol. 11 of 16 Vols. Printed for the author, London, pl. 520. [unpaginated books] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / t. 173544" type="book" year="1834">Curtis, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6717E061B113F8D9FD4A086C" author="Paulian, M." box="[537,677,1827,1851]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" pagination="197 - 202" refId="ref19927" refString="Paulian, M. (1996) Green lacewings from the southeast of the Rumanian Plain, as recorded by light-trapping (Insecta: Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). In: Canard, M. Aspock, H. & Mansell, M. W. (Eds.), Pure and Applied Research in Neuropterology. Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Neuropterology. Meeting: 2 - 6 May 1994, Cairo, Egypt. Privately printed, Toulouse, pp. 197 - 202." type="book chapter" year="1996">Paulian, 1996</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6717E061B39DF8B8FD6E080D" blockId="20.[151,1436,1766,2016]" box="[151,641,1858,1882]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6717E061B39DF8B8FE0A080D" ID-CoL="3XN84" authority="(Curtis, 1834)" baseAuthorityName="Curtis" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[151,485,1858,1882]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Mallada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ventralis">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F6717E061B39DF8B8FEA3080D" box="[151,332,1858,1882]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">Mallada ventralis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6717E061B253F8B8FE33080D" author="Curtis, J." box="[345,476,1858,1882]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" refId="ref18468" refString="Curtis, J. (1824 - 1839) 1834. Chrysopa abbreviata. In: British Entomology; being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland: containing coloured figures from nature of the most rare and beautiful species, and in many instances of the plants upon which they are found. Vol. 11 of 16 Vols. Printed for the author, London, pl. 520. [unpaginated books] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / t. 173544" type="book" year="1834">Curtis, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6717E061B2E4F8B8FD6E080D" author="Semeria, Y." box="[494,641,1858,1882]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" pagination="81 - 89" refId="ref20343" refString="Semeria, Y. (1985) Hemerobiidae et Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) de la foret de la Mairis. Bulletin et Annales de la Societe Royale Belge d'Entomologie, 121, 81 - 89." type="journal article" year="1985">Séméria, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6717E061B39DF89AFD32082F" blockId="20.[151,1436,1766,2016]" box="[151,733,1888,1913]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6717E061B39DF89AFDC3082E" ID-CoL="4P2HD" authority="(Curtis, 1834)" baseAuthorityName="Curtis" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[151,556,1888,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Pseudomallada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ventralis">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F6717E061B39DF89AFE7B082F" box="[151,404,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">Pseudomallada ventralis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6717E061B2ABF89AFDCB082E" author="Curtis, J." box="[417,548,1888,1913]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" refId="ref18468" refString="Curtis, J. (1824 - 1839) 1834. Chrysopa abbreviata. In: British Entomology; being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland: containing coloured figures from nature of the most rare and beautiful species, and in many instances of the plants upon which they are found. Vol. 11 of 16 Vols. Printed for the author, London, pl. 520. [unpaginated books] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / t. 173544" type="book" year="1834">Curtis, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6717E061B13CF89BFD32082F" author="Monserrat, V. J." box="[566,733,1888,1912]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref19229" refString="Monserrat, V. J. (2016) Los crisopidos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Insecta, Neuropterida, Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). Graellsia, 72, 1 - 123. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / graellsia. 2016. v 72.157" type="journal article" year="2016">Monserrat, 2016</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6717E061B39DF885FCEB08C0" blockId="20.[151,1436,1766,2016]" box="[151,772,1919,1943]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6717E061B39DF885FDF808C0" ID-CoL="5VKLF" authority="(Curtis, 1834)" baseAuthorityName="Curtis" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[151,535,1919,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ventralis">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F6717E061B39DF885FE9008C0" box="[151,383,1919,1943]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">Apertochrysa ventralis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6717E061B286F885FDE008C0" author="Curtis, J." box="[396,527,1919,1943]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" refId="ref18468" refString="Curtis, J. (1824 - 1839) 1834. Chrysopa abbreviata. In: British Entomology; being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland: containing coloured figures from nature of the most rare and beautiful species, and in many instances of the plants upon which they are found. Vol. 11 of 16 Vols. Printed for the author, London, pl. 520. [unpaginated books] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / t. 173544" type="book" year="1834">Curtis, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6717E061B12BF885FCEB08C0" author="Breitkreuz, L. & Duelli, P. & Oswald, J. D." box="[545,772,1919,1943]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" pagination="215 - 225" refId="ref18158" refString="Breitkreuz, L., Duelli, P. & Oswald, J. D. (2021) Apertochrysa Tjeder, 1966, a new senior synonym of Pseudomallada Tsukaguchi, 1995 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopinae). Zootaxa, 4966 (2), 215 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4966.2.8" type="journal article" year="2021">
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Breitkreuz
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<emphasis id="B955D64F6717E061B198F87AFD2A08C0" box="[658,709,1919,1943]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2021
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</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B59D66717E060B39DF85BFBA10EFA" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6717E061B39DF85BFB8B08EB" blockId="20.[151,1436,1766,2016]" box="[151,1124,1953,1980]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F6717E061B39DF85BFEFB08EC" bold="true" box="[151,276,1953,1979]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B4900006717E061B211F85BFB8B08EB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3763882306" box="[283,1124,1953,1980]" country="Switzerland, Germany" location="Switzerland, Germany" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" specimenCount="46" specimenCount-female="34" specimenCount-male="12">
|
||
Available live-colored material:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27C1D46717E061B18FF85BFD5708EC" box="[645,696,1953,1979]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" type="female">34♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27C1D46717E061B1CEF85BFD1A08EC" box="[708,757,1953,1979]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" type="male">12♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD6717E061B00EF85BFBED08EC" box="[772,1026,1953,1979]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">Switzerland, Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD6717E061B704F85BFBB108EB" box="[1038,1118,1953,1980]" name="Poland" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6717E060B3CDF83FFBA10EFA" blockId="20.[151,1436,1766,2016]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1437,151,465]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">
|
||
The most prominent and unique trait of the medium to large-sized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6717E061B097F83CFBF30888" baseAuthorityName="Curtis" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[925,1052,1989,2016]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ventralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F6717E061B097F83CFBF30888" box="[925,1052,1989,2016]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">A. ventralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the presence of black abdominal sternites (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A16D86716E060B20FFF6DFEB80FE5" box="[261,343,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1341,1365]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,489,1318]" captionTargetId="figure-163@21.[151,1436,489,1318]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 16. Apertochrysa ventralis with black ventral side of the abdomen, entirely black ccv, and large black spots on the prothorax (female from Claro, Ticino, Switzerland)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6531332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6531332/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the black spot ventrally and on the prothorax. Body coloration grass-green or bluish-green. Tips of the palps dark. Face all green. Vertex green or yellowish-green, sometimes with two brown spots. Scape rarely (5%) with black caudal dots. Interantennal spot usually a very characteristic inverted clove shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A16D86716E060B64CFF25FA780FAE" box="[1350,1431,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1150,1174]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,194,1109]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1436,181,1127]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Shapes of interantennal spot in the European species of the prasina group." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6531308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6531308/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A16D86716E060B39DFEF9FF5A0E4A" box="[151,181,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[401,1187,669,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-266@22.[401,1187,669,1885]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 17. Apertochrysa ventralis with black dots on vertex and an elongated clove-shaped interantennal spot (female from Agarone, Ticino, Switzerland)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6531334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6531334/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">17</figureCitation>
|
||
), but more rarely pear- or Y-shaped. Subantennal sutures usually pale, but 13% had red or brown sutures. Female forewings 13.0–16.0 mm, male forewings 11.0–15.0 mm. Costal crossveins completely dark, males with furwings. Dark portion of im cell 12–30%, usually in one piece. Prothorax with one or two pairs of large brown or black spots. Three lateral prothoracic spots large, often one black, two brown. Dorsal abdomen usually without spots, 20% had single pairs of spots on some or most of the segments. The eggs are deposited singly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B59D66716E060B3CDFE4CFD0F0E86" box="[199,736,438,465]" pageId="21" pageNumber="82" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6716E060B3CDFE4CFD0F0E86" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,465]" box="[199,736,438,465]" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F6716E060B3CDFE4CFE8C0E87" bold="true" box="[199,355,438,464]" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Europe, mainly the northern half.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |