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<mods:title id="A5204CF4462A93C38A36BBB98E2A261F">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
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<heading id="D0D6B03B7B7AFFC0FF56FBECFD80FBE0" bold="true" box="[151,638,1045,1072]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7AFFC0FF56FBECFD80FBE0" authority="(Stearns, 1883)" baseAuthorityName="Stearns" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[151,638,1045,1072]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Radicipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pleurocristata">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FF56FBECFD80FBE0" bold="true" box="[151,638,1045,1072]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FF56FBECFE42FBFF" bold="true" box="[151,444,1045,1072]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Radicipes pleurocristata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FE0AFBECFD88FBE0" author="Stearns, R. E. C." box="[459,630,1045,1071]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="96 - 101" refId="ref107105" refString="Stearns, R. E. C. (1883) Descriptions of a new genus and species of alcyonoid polyp, from Japanese waters, with remarks on the structure and habits of related forms, etc. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 6, 96 - 101. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.6 - 346.96" type="journal article" year="1883">Stearns, 1883</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FF56FBA3FE62FBBD" box="[151,412,1114,1138]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Radicipes pleurocristatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FE65FBA3FD7CFBBD" author="Stearns, R. E. C." box="[420,642,1114,1138]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="96 - 101" refId="ref107105" refString="Stearns, R. E. C. (1883) Descriptions of a new genus and species of alcyonoid polyp, from Japanese waters, with remarks on the structure and habits of related forms, etc. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 6, 96 - 101. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.6 - 346.96" type="journal article" year="1883">Stearns, 1883: 9798</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 7, figs. 12 (
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B7AFFC0FC48FBA3FBA1FBBD" author="Kinoshita, K." box="[905,1119,1114,1138]" page="5" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" year="1913">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FC48FBA3FBA1FBBD" author="Kinoshita, K." box="[905,1119,1114,1138]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref102921" refString="Kinoshita, K. (1913) Studien uber einige Chrysogorgiiden Japans. The journal of the College of Science, University of Tokyo, 33 (2), 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1913">Kinoshita 1913: 58</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 3, figs. 12, text-figs. 13
</treatmentCitationGroup>
(
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B7AFFC0FF0FFB80FEF3FB5E" box="[206,269,1145,1169]" name="Japan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Japan</collectingCountry>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FEE0FB81FDCEFB5F" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[289,560,1144,1169]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 946" refId="ref103239" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1919) Gorgonaria. Wissensschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee - Expedition auf dem Dampfer &quot; Valdivia &quot;, 1898 - 1899, 13, 1 - 946." type="journal article" year="1919">Kükenthal 1919: 542543</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FDFDFB80FD49FB5F" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[572,695,1144,1169]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 373" refId="ref98723" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1961) The shallow-water Octocorallia of the West Indian region. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 12 (1), 1 - 373." type="journal article" year="1961">Bayer 1961</bibRefCitation>
: F218, text-fig. 156, 3ad;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FC12FB80FB78FB5E" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[979,1158,1145,1169]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="876 - 882" refId="ref98761" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1979) Distichogorgia sconsa, a new genus and new species of chrysogorgiid octocoral (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) from the Blake Plateau off northern Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 92 (4), 876 - 882." type="journal article" year="1979">Bayer, 1979: 882</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 2b;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FB27FB80FA62FB5F" author="Matsumoto, A. K. &amp; Iwase, F. &amp; Imahara, Y. &amp; Namikawa, H." box="[1254,1436,1144,1168]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="231 - 251" refId="ref104436" refString="Matsumoto, A. K., Iwase, F., Imahara, Y. &amp; Namikawa, H. (2007) Bathymetric distribution and biodiversity of cold-water octocorals (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) in Sagami Bay and adjacent waters of Japan. Bulletin of Marine Science, 81 (1), 231 - 251." type="journal article" year="2007">
Matsumoto
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FAA0FB80FA6EFB5F" box="[1377,1424,1144,1168]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al</emphasis>
.,
</bibRefCitation>
2007: 241 (listed) (
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B7AFFC0FE4CFB6EFE32FB60" box="[397,460,1175,1199]" name="Japan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Japan</collectingCountry>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FE1EFB6EFD20FB60" author="Cordeiro, R. T. S. &amp; Castro, C. B. &amp; Perez, C. D." box="[479,734,1175,1199]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="81 - 100" refId="ref100113" refString="Cordeiro, R. T. S., Castro, C. B. &amp; Perez, C. D. (2015) Deep-water octocorals (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) from Brazil: Family Chrysogorgiidae Verrill, 1883. Zootaxa, 4058 (1), 81 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4058.1.4" type="journal article" year="2015">
Cordeiro
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FD80FB61FD91FB60" box="[577,623,1175,1199]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al</emphasis>
., 2015: 95
</bibRefCitation>
(key);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FCEBFB6EFBE8FB60" author="Cordeiro, R. T. &amp; Cairns, S. D. &amp; Perez, C. D." box="[810,1046,1175,1199]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref100050" refString="Cordeiro, R. T., Cairns, S. D. &amp; Perez, C. D. (2017) A revision of the genus Radicipes Stearns, 1883 (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Chrysogorgiidae). Zootaxa, 4319 (1), 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4319.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
Cordeiro
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FC4DFB61FC44FB60" box="[908,954,1175,1199]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al</emphasis>
. 2017: 5
</bibRefCitation>
(key), 69, figs. 1B,C,E, 2H I, 4, 5 (redescription).
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7AFFC0FF56FB2DFE8BFB23" ID-CoL="866VX" authority="Wright, 1885" box="[151,373,1236,1260]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Strophogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrilli">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FF56FB2DFE8BFB23" box="[151,373,1236,1260]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Strophogorgia verrilli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(nom. nud.) Wright,
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B7AFFC0FD8DFB2DFD67FB23" box="[588,665,1236,1260]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7879" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" unit="in" value="1885.0">1885 in</quantity>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FD5EFB2DFC63FB22" author="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T." box="[671,925,1236,1261]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref110920" refString="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T. (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report of the Scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 31 (4), I - IXXII, 1 - 314." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright &amp; Studer 1889: 3</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 1, fig. 2, 2a; pl. 5a, fig. 3 (
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B7AFFC0FB10FB2CFAEEFB22" box="[1233,1296,1237,1261]" name="Japan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Japan</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B7AFFC0FF56FB0AFC0EFAC4" blockId="108.[151,1437,1114,1444]" box="[151,1008,1267,1291]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7AFFC0FF56FB0AFD66FAC4" ID-CoL="866VW" authority="Wright &amp; Studer, 1889: 2 - 3" authorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" authorityPageNumber="2 - 3" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,664,1267,1291]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Strophogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FF56FB0AFE8AFAC4" box="[151,372,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Strophogorgia petersi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FEBBFB0AFD66FAC4" author="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T." box="[378,664,1267,1291]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref110920" refString="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T. (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report of the Scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 31 (4), I - IXXII, 1 - 314." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright &amp; Studer, 1889: 23</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 2, fig. 1, pl. 5a, fig. 1 (
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B7AFFC0FC67FB0AFC1BFAC4" box="[934,997,1267,1291]" name="Japan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Japan</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B7AFFC0FF56FAEBFDD0FA87" blockId="108.[151,1437,1114,1444]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7AFFC0FF56FAEBFDBAFAE5" ID-CoL="866LM" authority="Versluys 1902: 7 - 12" authorityName="Versluys" authorityPageNumber="7 - 12" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,580,1298,1322]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Lepidogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FF56FAEBFE92FAE6" box="[151,364,1298,1322]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Lepidogorgia petersi</emphasis>
Versluys 1902: 712
</taxonomicName>
, text-figs. 414 (
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B7AFFC0FD2EFAEBFCA9FAE5" box="[751,855,1298,1322]" name="Indonesia" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FCA8FAEBFF4EFA86" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Henderson, W. D." pageId="108" pageNumber="109" refId="ref108566" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Henderson, W. D. (1906) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. 1. The Alcyonarians of the Deep Sea. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 132 + xvi pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8279" type="book" year="1906">Thomson &amp; Henderson, 1906: 27</bibRefCitation>
(key);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FF3BFAC9FE53FA87" author="Nutting, C. C." box="[250,429,1328,1353]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 104" refId="ref105141" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1912) Descriptions of the Alcyonaria collected by the U. S. Fisheries steamer &quot; Albatross, &quot; mainly in Japanese waters, during 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, Washington, 43, 1 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.43 - 1923.1" type="journal article" year="1912">Nutting, 1912: 53</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B7AFFC0FE7AFAC9FDDAFA87" box="[443,548,1328,1352]" name="Indonesia" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B7AFFC0FF56FAB6FC82FAA8" blockId="108.[151,1437,1114,1444]" box="[151,892,1359,1383]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7AFFC0FF56FAB6FDACFAA8" ID-CoL="866LP" authority="Versluys 1902: 12 - 14" authorityName="Versluys" authorityPageNumber="12 - 14" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,594,1359,1383]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Lepidogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrilli">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FF56FAB6FE93FAA8" box="[151,365,1359,1383]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Lepidogorgia verrilli</emphasis>
Versluys 1902: 1214
</taxonomicName>
, text figs. 1517 (
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B7AFFC0FCC9FAB6FC8FFAA8" box="[776,881,1359,1383]" name="Indonesia" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B7AFFC0FF56FA97FD8DFA6B" blockId="108.[151,1437,1114,1444]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7AFFC0FF56FA97FD99FA49" ID-CoL="866LP" authority="Matsumoto et al. 2007: 241" authorityName="Matsumoto" authorityPageNumber="241" authorityYear="2007" box="[151,615,1390,1414]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Radicipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrilli">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FF56FA97FEB9FA49" box="[151,327,1390,1414]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Radicipes verrilli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FE8FFA97FD99FA49" author="Matsumoto, A. K. &amp; Iwase, F. &amp; Imahara, Y. &amp; Namikawa, H." box="[334,615,1390,1414]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="231 - 251" refId="ref104436" refString="Matsumoto, A. K., Iwase, F., Imahara, Y. &amp; Namikawa, H. (2007) Bathymetric distribution and biodiversity of cold-water octocorals (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) in Sagami Bay and adjacent waters of Japan. Bulletin of Marine Science, 81 (1), 231 - 251." type="journal article" year="2007">
Matsumoto
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FE09FA96FE0AFA49" box="[456,500,1390,1414]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al</emphasis>
. 2007: 241
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(listed) (
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B7AFFC0FD02FA97FCFCFA49" box="[707,770,1390,1414]" name="Japan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Japan</collectingCountry>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FCD2FA97FC36FA49" author="Cairns, S. D. &amp; Gerhswin, L. A. &amp; Brook, F. &amp; Pugh, P. R. &amp; Dawson, E. W. &amp; Ocana, V. O. &amp; Vervoort, W. &amp; Williams, G. &amp; Watson, J. &amp; Opresko, D. M. &amp; Schuchert, P. &amp; Hine, P. M. &amp; Gordon, D. P. &amp; Campbell, H. J. &amp; Wright, A. J. &amp; Sanchez, J. &amp; Fautin, D. G." box="[787,968,1390,1414]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="59 - 101" refId="ref99768" refString="Cairns, S. D., Gerhswin, L. A., Brook, F., Pugh, P. R., Dawson, E. W., Ocana, V. O., Vervoort, W., Williams, G., Watson, J., Opresko, D. M., Schuchert, P., Hine, P. M., Gordon, D. P., Campbell, H. J., Wright, A. J., Sanchez, J. &amp; Fautin, D. G. (2009) Phylum cnidaria; corals, medusae, hydroids, Myxozoa. In: Gordon, D. P. (Ed.), New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Vol 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, pp. 59 - 101" type="book chapter" year="2009">
Cairns
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FC9DFA96FC76FA49" box="[860,904,1390,1414]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
(listed). (NewZealand);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FEF6FA75FDCEFA6B" author="Cordeiro, R. T. S. &amp; Castro, C. B. &amp; Perez, C. D." box="[311,560,1420,1444]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="81 - 100" refId="ref100113" refString="Cordeiro, R. T. S., Castro, C. B. &amp; Perez, C. D. (2015) Deep-water octocorals (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) from Brazil: Family Chrysogorgiidae Verrill, 1883. Zootaxa, 4058 (1), 81 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4058.1.4" type="journal article" year="2015">
Cordeiro
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FE56FA74FE3AFA6B" box="[407,452,1420,1444]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al</emphasis>
., 2015: 95
</bibRefCitation>
(key).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B7AFFC0FF56FA2AFE3DF9B2" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B7AFFC0FF56FA2AFC70FA22" blockId="108.[151,910,1491,1517]" box="[151,910,1491,1517]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Opinion: There is no evidence that this species occurs in the region.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B7AFFC0FF56F9E2FED7F9FA" blockId="108.[151,1437,1563,1661]" box="[151,297,1563,1589]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Justification:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B7AFFC0FF06F9C6FE3DF9B2" blockId="108.[151,1437,1563,1661]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FF06F9C6FC5DF996" box="[199,931,1599,1625]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">These Indian records seem to be either invalid or unconfirmable</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FC72F9C6FAABF996" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Henderson, W. D." box="[947,1365,1599,1625]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" refId="ref108566" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Henderson, W. D. (1906) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. 1. The Alcyonarians of the Deep Sea. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 132 + xvi pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8279" type="book" year="1906">Thomson &amp; Henderson 1906: 2627</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 3, figs 5a, b. (Andaman Sea).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B7AFFC1FF06F952FCCBFF36" lastPageId="109" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B7AFFC1FF06F952FCCBFF36" blockId="108.[151,1436,1707,2021]" lastBlockId="109.[151,1436,151,249]" lastPageId="109" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FF06F952FE64F90A" box="[199,410,1707,1733]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Literature analysis</emphasis>
: The correct name for this species is
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7AFFC0FCF9F952FB09F90A" authority="Stearns, 1883" authorityName="Stearns" authorityYear="1883" box="[824,1271,1707,1733]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Radicipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pleurocristatus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FCF9F952FBA8F90A" box="[824,1110,1707,1733]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Radicipes pleurocristatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FB9DF952FB09F90A" author="Stearns, R. E. C." box="[1116,1271,1707,1733]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="96 - 101" refId="ref107105" refString="Stearns, R. E. C. (1883) Descriptions of a new genus and species of alcyonoid polyp, from Japanese waters, with remarks on the structure and habits of related forms, etc. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 6, 96 - 101. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.6 - 346.96" type="journal article" year="1883">Stearns, 1883</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, as established in a revision of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7AFFC0FE00F936FD39F926" authority="Verrill, 1883" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1883" box="[449,711,1743,1769]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Radicipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FE00F936FDD1F926" box="[449,559,1743,1769]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Radicipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FDF9F936FD39F926" author="Verrill, A. E." box="[568,711,1743,1769]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref110155" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1883) Report on the Anthozoa, and on some additional species dredged by the &quot; Blake &quot; in 1877 - 1879, and by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Fish 126 Hawk &quot; in 1880 - 82. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 11, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1883">Verrill, 1883</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FD35F936FC11F926" author="Cordeiro, R. T. &amp; Cairns, S. D. &amp; Perez, C. D." box="[756,1007,1743,1769]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref100050" refString="Cordeiro, R. T., Cairns, S. D. &amp; Perez, C. D. (2017) A revision of the genus Radicipes Stearns, 1883 (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Chrysogorgiidae). Zootaxa, 4319 (1), 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4319.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
Cordeiro
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FCA1F936FC67F926" box="[864,921,1743,1769]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
(2017)
</bibRefCitation>
. The name
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7AFFC0FBB4F936FA92F926" box="[1141,1388,1743,1769]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Strophogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrilli">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FBB4F936FA92F926" box="[1141,1388,1743,1769]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Strophogorgia verrilli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a junior synonym of the species and was used by Wright (1885), with no description, for material collected from
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B7AFFC0FF56F8EEFF24F8FE" box="[151,218,1815,1841]" name="Japan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Japan</collectingCountry>
. The species was not described until later in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FD32F8EEFBF2F8FE" author="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T." box="[755,1036,1815,1841]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref110920" refString="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T. (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report of the Scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 31 (4), I - IXXII, 1 - 314." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright &amp; Studer (1889)</bibRefCitation>
with a figure of a colony portion and a group of sclerites from unknown parts of the colony. Versluys (1902) redescribed the species under the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7AFFC0FF21F8A6FDF3F8B6" authority="Verrill, 1884" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1884" box="[224,525,1887,1913]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Lepidogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FF21F8A6FE89F8B6" box="[224,375,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Lepidogorgia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FEBEF8A6FDF3F8B6" author="Verrill, A. E." box="[383,525,1887,1913]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="213 - 220" refId="ref110219" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1884) Notice of the remarkable Marine Fauna occupying the outer banks off the Southern Coast of New England. American Journal of Science, 28 (3), 213 - 220. https: // doi. org / 10.2475 / ajs. s 3 - 28.165.213" type="journal article" year="1884">Verrill, 1884</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and provided improved sclerite figures for material from
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B7AFFC0FB5BF8A6FAF5F8B6" box="[1178,1291,1887,1913]" name="Indonesia" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FAD4F8A6FE9DF852" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Henderson, W. D." pageId="108" pageNumber="109" refId="ref108566" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Henderson, W. D. (1906) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. 1. The Alcyonarians of the Deep Sea. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 132 + xvi pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8279" type="book" year="1906">Thomson &amp; Henderson (1906)</bibRefCitation>
mistakenly identified some fragmented material from the Andamans with
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7AFFC0FB6EF87AFA62F852" authorityName="Versluys" authorityYear="1902" box="[1199,1436,1923,1949]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Lepidogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrilli">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FB6EF87AFA62F852" box="[1199,1436,1923,1949]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Lepidogorgia verrilli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with an illustration of an attached polyp that shows large sclerites on the coenenchymal surface that are quite unlike the figure in the original description and also those given by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FC8EF832FBB5F82A" author="Cordeiro, R. T. &amp; Cairns, S. D. &amp; Perez, C. D." box="[847,1099,1995,2021]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref100050" refString="Cordeiro, R. T., Cairns, S. D. &amp; Perez, C. D. (2017) A revision of the genus Radicipes Stearns, 1883 (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Chrysogorgiidae). Zootaxa, 4319 (1), 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4319.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
Cordeiro
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7AFFC0FC7AF832FC10F82A" box="[955,1006,1995,2021]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al</emphasis>
. (2017)
</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7AFFC0FB96F832FAE9F82A" author="Kinoshita, K." box="[1111,1303,1995,2021]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref102921" refString="Kinoshita, K. (1913) Studien uber einige Chrysogorgiiden Japans. The journal of the College of Science, University of Tokyo, 33 (2), 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1913">Kinoshita (1913)</bibRefCitation>
established that
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7BFFC1FF09FF6EFEA1FF7E" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1884" box="[200,351,151,177]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Lepidogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7BFFC1FF09FF6EFEA1FF7E" box="[200,351,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Lepidogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7BFFC1FE57FF6EFDC9FF7E" authorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" authorityYear="1889" box="[406,567,151,177]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Strophogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7BFFC1FE57FF6EFDC9FF7E" box="[406,567,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Strophogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are actually both junior synonyms of
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7BFFC1FC21FF6EFBB0FF7E" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1883" box="[992,1102,151,177]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Radicipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7BFFC1FC21FF6EFBB0FF7E" box="[992,1102,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Radicipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7BFFC1FB9DFF6EFA96FF7E" author="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T." box="[1116,1384,151,177]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref110920" refString="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T. (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report of the Scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 31 (4), I - IXXII, 1 - 314." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright &amp; Studer (1889)</bibRefCitation>
also described
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7BFFC1FECBFF42FDF8FF1B" box="[266,518,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7BFFC1FECBFF42FDFCFF1B" authorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" authorityYear="1889" box="[266,514,187,213]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Strophogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petersi">Strophogorgia petersi</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which was later recorded from
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B7BFFC1FCAEFF42FC22FF1A" box="[879,988,187,213]" name="Indonesia" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
by Versluys, and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B7BFFC1FB67FF42FA62FF1A" author="Cordeiro, R. T. &amp; Cairns, S. D. &amp; Perez, C. D." box="[1190,1436,187,213]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref100050" refString="Cordeiro, R. T., Cairns, S. D. &amp; Perez, C. D. (2017) A revision of the genus Radicipes Stearns, 1883 (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Chrysogorgiidae). Zootaxa, 4319 (1), 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4319.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
Cordeiro
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7BFFC1FAD0FF42FAB4FF1A" box="[1297,1354,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">et al.</emphasis>
(2017)
</bibRefCitation>
showed this is also a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B7BFFC1FDD1FF26FCD1FF36" authorityName="Stearns" authorityYear="1883" box="[528,815,223,249]" class="Anthozoa" family="Chrysogorgiidae" genus="Radicipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pleurocristatus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B7BFFC1FDD1FF26FCD1FF36" box="[528,815,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Radicipes pleurocristatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>