147 lines
17 KiB
XML
147 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="8DA115CD460D212CFD8CA2E349923559" ID-CLB-Dataset="54753" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639327" ID-ZooBank="796FF9F5-E71F-4C69-92CC-CF4D6752BD77" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1675871645016" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramvilas, Ghosh, Alderslade, Philip & Ranjeet, Kutty" docDate="2023" docId="0388B6417B55FFEFFF56FD51FE40FA7E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5236.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5236 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Paraplexaura seshaiyaii" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="68" masterDocId="FFB1CE397B16FFACFFC1FFF9FFFEFFCF" masterDocTitle="The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="68" updateTime="1699474889499" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="043ACBB5D708ABFB95266D62CA1F150F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="01103BBB2D1B0062FC1C1B13DA6B34B4">
|
||
<mods:title id="0091FF07211F228D90CC88E083D18208">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="4ED43D62D80E10D4F528BBA5BAA3EA62" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="60CA55C43360EA5E22CF0E4C7D8FD8CD">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="6D9BA37FB956E29FC22DA8ED1208A863">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="0281FA1CEE6D3A46A10A22A295E4E437">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="919FDB4E6926219E8F36ED16329E4D54" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5028-9058</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CA90BB8501CF3B7C5A224DFE9AF36691" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="E1B8E30C600D732A1A9637FD1FC7B560" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="C9929AC4D049FAFA89DC49A89589FDBA">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C7855CCEBB47945F9E0A96A9777C7EDE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="BBFEB2D35275B5D13F4AA43332AF9D83">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EBC644AA03DABDC2823E2F50467777A7" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5801-4681</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="16F35B911099257175E9E8ADF4BC9539" type="email">phil.alderslade@csiro.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="2FD0C739317591693DB74EF69070481D" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="12A0A3518CD1B0E8E29435E614F4556C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="352AF56662121892001E5599955730E5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="63537C2EB66AA813356A72C83EA06AE3">Ranjeet, Kutty</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="44505298FF5B95AE0AF24DF81C94F05E" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5028-9058</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="92283A443F92EDC4D18E8CC88CB263C6" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="A3917A2D4AD82FE0D89F3DE94F4A24BD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="26623FB2EE41B5D73BCD6D6572EC93FD" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="AF20594589D9BCF172F47C45EA9DBFED">
|
||
<mods:title id="1066F36F416B3C46C12C93BE7B86EDC1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="4335B9EA4A2E2EB69A039969D3036216">
|
||
<mods:date id="07555FFF03729A2616557F3E025F6366">2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="49671C81789868ED9C5EA749518DAFDE" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="CA5116EBA2E31D9DF0EA585756AE8751">2023-02-07</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="7A1A1C9A4207848B01C1EE16843FF961" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="7663361D6A6FC9CBDBBD8457EC345F27">5236</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="A319DE0DF89AC57E69185A7DCA65C6D5" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="6205AC01F12AE3A9C6EA114984FC9F33">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="04543F6C755CC7EA3AEA327735EF1FE9" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="2F4E178D5C17B0D814D826F57C92C2F7">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="93BCCECAAFD0A9CE1132DDA74AD5A2D3">124</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="05C7E10549E7CD6B251AE9E99DC9B7FC">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="394ABDD684393625F58ACE5A9571C016" type="CLB-Dataset">54753</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="24DF68AB820EBD979E377D9D2BFD0FCA" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5425524BE1A8567BD6CBD80DE0F1AFFC" type="GBIF-Dataset">64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="40066830C00DA06CF75412A708E2EE21" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="19F38FB1D8D24FF3D709808F16BCF6BD" type="Zenodo-Dep">7639327</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="556BE404340B286D02C62E071FCB2858" type="ZooBank">796FF9F5-E71F-4C69-92CC-CF4D6752BD77</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="0388B6417B55FFEFFF56FD51FE40FA7E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7639573" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209291124" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639573" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388B6417B55FFEFFF56FD51FE40FA7E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388B6417B55FFEFFF56FD51FE40FA7E" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B55FFEFFF56FD51FB20FD0D" box="[151,1246,680,707]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B55FFEFFF56FD51FB20FD0D" blockId="67.[151,1246,680,707]" box="[151,1246,680,707]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<heading id="D0D6B03B7B55FFEFFF56FD51FB20FD0D" bold="true" box="[151,1246,680,707]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" reason="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B55FFEFFF56FD51FB20FD0D" bold="true" box="[151,1246,680,707]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B55FFEFFF56FD51FD67FD0D" authority="(Fernando, 2011)" baseAuthorityName="Fernando" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[151,665,680,707]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Paraplexaura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="seshaiyaii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B55FFEFFF56FD51FE42FD0C" bold="true" box="[151,444,680,707]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Paraplexaura seshaiyaii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B55FFEFFE0AFD51FD6FFD0D" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[459,657,680,706]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" refId="ref100707" refString="Fernando, S. A. (2011) Monograph on Gorgonids (Sea fans) of India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai, 145 pp." type="book" year="2011">Fernando, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
potential new comb. (species status uncertain)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B55FFEFFF56FD14FB1BFC82" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B55FFEFFF56FD14FA6EFCCA" blockId="67.[151,1424,749,773]" box="[151,1424,749,773]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B55FFEFFF56FD14FA6EFCCA" box="[151,1424,749,773]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B55FFEFFF56FD14FD7FFCCA" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[151,641,749,773]" page="63" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" year="2011">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B55FFEFFF56FD14FD7FFCCA" authority="Fernando, 2011: 62 - 63" authorityName="Fernando" authorityPageNumber="62 - 63" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,641,749,773]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Echinogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="seshaiyaii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B55FFEFFF56FD14FE73FCCA" box="[151,397,749,773]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Echinogorgia seshaiyaii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B55FFEFFE55FD14FD7FFCCA" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[404,641,749,773]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" refId="ref100707" refString="Fernando, S. A. (2011) Monograph on Gorgonids (Sea fans) of India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai, 145 pp." type="book" year="2011">Fernando, 2011: 62–63</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 38, fig. 1–1e (Pamban):
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B55FFEFFC63FD14FB22FCCA" author="Fernando, S. & Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C." box="[930,1244,749,773]" page="129" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" year="2017">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B55FFEFFC63FD14FB22FCCA" author="Fernando, S. & Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C." box="[930,1244,749,773]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
|
||
Fernando
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B55FFEFFBC9FD17FBC5FCCA" box="[1032,1083,749,773]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017: 129–130
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 59 (Pamban).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B55FFEFFF56FCCAFB1BFC82" blockId="67.[151,1253,819,846]" box="[151,1253,819,846]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Opinion: This taxon does occur in Indian waters but appears to have been originally misidentified.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B55FFEFFF56FC82FE40FA7E" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B55FFEFFF56FC82FED7FC5A" blockId="67.[151,1436,891,1457]" box="[151,297,891,917]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Justification:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B55FFEFFF06FC59FE40FA7E" blockId="67.[151,1436,891,1457]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B55FFEFFF06FC59FE65FC76" box="[199,411,927,953]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Literature analysis</emphasis>
|
||
: The descriptions of the Indian material by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B55FFEFFC46FC66FBBFFC76" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[903,1089,927,953]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" refId="ref100707" refString="Fernando, S. A. (2011) Monograph on Gorgonids (Sea fans) of India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai, 145 pp." type="book" year="2011">Fernando (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B55FFEFFBB9FC66FA8DFC76" author="Fernando, S. & Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C." box="[1144,1395,927,954]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
|
||
Fernando
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B55FFEFFB28FC59FAE4FC76" box="[1257,1306,927,953]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are identical, but without a more detailed and clearer description of the sclerites and their locations it is difficult to be certain about the generic identity of this species. The author states that the “trident” thornscales cover the surface of the coenenchyme, which would be very unusual for a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B55FFEFFC4AFBF2FBDAFBEA" box="[907,1060,1035,1061]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Echinogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B55FFEFFC4AFBF2FBDAFBEA" box="[907,1060,1035,1061]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Echinogorgia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
unless there was very little space between the calyces, and the description does also state that the thornscales are “circularly layered one over the other around the calyces. Further on in the description, however, the text says “the sclerites of the intercalycular spaces are distinctly different from the thornscales. They are massive spindles to irregularly shaped plump sclerites ranging in size up to 0.42 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B55FFEFFE15FB62FDC5FB79" box="[468,571,1179,1206]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="0.14">0.14 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Some of the sclerites are thickened plates, mostly dished at the surface with fine, stony prickes (
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B55FFEFFEBBFB46FE5CFB16" box="[378,418,1215,1241]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">sic)</emphasis>
|
||
a few of which are distinctly longer and sharp”. We take this to mean the thornscales are mainly restricted to the calyces and the large thorny blocks, as seen in the figures, dominate the coenenchyme, and therefore this species is much better placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B55FFEFFD53FAFEFCD0FAEE" box="[658,814,1287,1313]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Paraplexaura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B55FFEFFD53FAFEFCD0FAEE" box="[658,814,1287,1313]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Paraplexaura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: and there are certainly many similarities between it and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B55FFEFFF56FAD2FD80FA8A" authority="Fernando, 2011" authorityName="Fernando" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,638,1323,1349]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Paraplexaura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="manaarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B55FFEFFF56FAD2FE39FA8A" box="[151,455,1323,1349]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Paraplexaura manaarensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B55FFEFFE0CFAD2FD80FA8A" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[461,638,1323,1349]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" refId="ref100707" refString="Fernando, S. A. (2011) Monograph on Gorgonids (Sea fans) of India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai, 145 pp." type="book" year="2011">Fernando, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In assigning this species to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B55FFEFFC77FAD2FB38FA8A" authority=", Fernando" authorityName="Fernando" box="[950,1222,1323,1350]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Echinogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B55FFEFFC77FAD2FBB1FA8A" box="[950,1103,1323,1349]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Echinogorgia</emphasis>
|
||
, Fernando
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
put great emphasis on the presence of thornscales with three processes arising from a complexly warted root. Such thornscales also occur in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B55FFEFFF3AFA8AFE69FA42" box="[251,407,1395,1421]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Paraplexaura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B55FFEFFF3AFA8AFE69FA42" box="[251,407,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Paraplexaura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as can be seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B55FFEFFDA4FA8AFBE6FA42" authority="Fernando, 2011" authorityName="Fernando" authorityYear="2011" box="[613,1048,1395,1421]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Paraplexaura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="maxima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B55FFEFFDA4FA8AFC9FFA42" box="[613,865,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Paraplexaura maxima</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B55FFEFFCA8FA8AFBE6FA42" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[873,1048,1395,1421]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" refId="ref100707" refString="Fernando, S. A. (2011) Monograph on Gorgonids (Sea fans) of India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai, 145 pp." type="book" year="2011">Fernando, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(plate 42, fig 1d) and in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B55FFEFFAF5FA8AFE47FA7E" author="Fabricius, K. & Alderslade, P." pageId="67" pageNumber="68" refId="ref100657" refString="Fabricius, K. & Alderslade, P. (2001) Soft corals and sea fans: a comprehensive guide to the tropical shallow-water genera of the Central-West Pacific, the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Queensland, 262 pp." type="book" year="2001">Fabricius & Alderslade (2001: 208)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |