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<document id="BAF1141B42B6B88497998980A39DEF7C" ID-CLB-Dataset="54753" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639327" ID-ZooBank="796FF9F5-E71F-4C69-92CC-CF4D6752BD77" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1675871645016" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramvilas, Ghosh, Alderslade, Philip &amp; Ranjeet, Kutty" docDate="2023" docId="0388B6417B52FFE8FF56FD57FE7DF962" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5236.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5236 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Psammogorgia flabellum" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="FFB1CE397B16FFACFFC1FFF9FFFEFFCF" masterDocTitle="The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="69" updateTime="1699474889499" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3462D677685FB1C027E66A6F9C301B22">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5C6E3C2C4DDAA35CF62E02C12E08071C">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="53878A1D4D3D0AD6F418B17018D7D61A">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="0388B6417B52FFE8FF56FD57FE7DF962" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7641101" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209291237" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7641101" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388B6417B52FFE8FF56FD57FE7DF962" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388B6417B52FFE8FF56FD57FE7DF962" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B52FFE8FF56FD57FD86FD08" box="[151,632,685,712]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B52FFE8FF56FD57FD86FD08" blockId="68.[151,632,685,712]" box="[151,632,685,712]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<heading id="D0D6B03B7B52FFE8FF56FD57FD86FD08" bold="true" box="[151,632,685,712]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B52FFE8FF56FD57FD86FD08" ID-CoL="4NCN7" authority="(Pallas, 1766)" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[151,632,685,712]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Psammogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flabellum">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FF56FD57FD86FD08" bold="true" box="[151,632,685,712]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FF56FD57FE37FD07" bold="true" box="[151,457,685,712]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Psammogorgia flabellum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FE19FD54FD91FD08" author="Pallas, P. S." box="[472,623,685,711]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" refId="ref105205" refString="Pallas, P. S. (1766) Elenchus zoophytorum sistens generum adumbrationes generaliores et specierum cognitarum succinctas descriptiones cum selectis auctorum synonymis. Apud Franciscum Varrentrapp, Hagae Comitum, 451 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6595" type="book" year="1766">Pallas, 1766</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B52FFE8FF56FD0BFD2FFCBE" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B52FFE8FF56FD0BFD3AFCC5" blockId="68.[151,708,754,809]" box="[151,708,754,778]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B52FFE8FF56FD0BFD3AFCC5" box="[151,708,754,778]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B52FFE8FF56FD0BFD3EFCC5" author="Pallas, P. S." box="[151,704,754,778]" page="211" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" year="1766">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B52FFE8FF56FD0BFD3EFCC5" authority="Pallas, 1766: 211 (Indian Ocean)" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" box="[151,704,754,778]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flabellum">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FF56FD0BFE94FCC5" box="[151,362,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Antipathes flabellum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FEB1FD0BFDE0FCC5" author="Pallas, P. S." box="[368,542,754,778]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" refId="ref105205" refString="Pallas, P. S. (1766) Elenchus zoophytorum sistens generum adumbrationes generaliores et specierum cognitarum succinctas descriptiones cum selectis auctorum synonymis. Apud Franciscum Varrentrapp, Hagae Comitum, 451 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6595" type="book" year="1766">Pallas, 1766: 211</bibRefCitation>
(Indian Ocean)
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B52FFE8FF56FCEBFD57FCE6" blockId="68.[151,708,754,809]" box="[151,681,785,809]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B52FFE8FF56FCEBFD57FCE6" box="[151,681,785,809]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B52FFE8FF56FCEBFD57FCE6" author="Breedy, O. &amp; Guzman, H. M." box="[151,681,785,809]" page="29" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B52FFE8FF56FCEBFD57FCE6" ID-CoL="3L9QS" authority="Breedy &amp; Guzman 2011: 29" authorityName="Breedy &amp; Guzman" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,681,785,809]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Heterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flabellum">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FF56FCEBFE78FCE6" box="[151,390,785,809]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Heterogorgia flabellum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FE4DFCE8FD57FCE6" author="Breedy, O. &amp; Guzman, H. M." box="[396,681,785,809]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="27 - 44" refId="ref99425" refString="Breedy, O. &amp; Guzman, H. M. (2011) A revision of the genus Heterogorgia Verrill, 1868 (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Plexauridae). Zootaxa, 2995 (1), 27 - 44. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2995.1.2" type="journal article" year="2011">Breedy &amp; Guzman 2011: 29</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B52FFE8FF56FCAEFD2FFCBE" blockId="68.[151,721,855,882]" box="[151,721,855,882]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Opinion: This species does not occur in the region.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B52FFE8FF56FC66FE7DF962" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B52FFE8FF56FC66FED7FC76" blockId="68.[151,1437,927,1062]" box="[151,297,927,953]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Justification:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B52FFE8FF06FC3AFC4BFBEA" blockId="68.[151,1437,927,1062]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FF06FC3AFC5AFC12" box="[199,932,963,989]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">These Indian records seem to be either invalid or unconfirmable</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FC75FC3AFAFDFC12" author="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M." box="[948,1283,963,989]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="96 - 112" refId="ref107948" refString="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M. (1986) A systematic appraisal of the commercially important gorgonids of the Indian seas. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 28 (1 &amp; 2), 96 - 112." type="journal article" year="1986">Thomas &amp; George 1986: 106</bibRefCitation>
, fig.
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B52FFE8FAFEFC3AFA9AFC12" box="[1343,1380,963,989]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="1.0">1m</quantity>
, 14 (SE &amp; SW coast);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FEA4FC1EFD72FBCE" author="Thomas, P. A. &amp; Jacob, R. M." box="[357,652,999,1025]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="20 - 27" refId="ref108121" refString="Thomas, P. A. &amp; Jacob, R. M. (1987) On five species of commercially important gorgonids new to Indian seas. Indian Journal of Fisheries, 34, 20 - 27." type="journal article" year="1987">Thomas &amp; Jacob 1987: 26</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 1I, 2C;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FCE3FC1EFBCFFBCE" author="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M. &amp; Lazarus, S." box="[802,1073,999,1026]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="134 - 142" refId="ref108160" refString="Thomas, P. A., George, R. M. &amp; Lazarus, S. (1995) Distribution of gorgonids in the northeast coast of India with particular reference to Heterogorgia flabellum (Pallas). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 37, 134 - 142." type="journal article" year="1995">
Thomas
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FC42FC11FC4AFBCE" box="[899,948,999,1025]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">et al</emphasis>
. 1995: 139
</bibRefCitation>
(NE coast);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FB7FFC1EFF3FFBEA" author="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M. &amp; Manickam, P. E. S." pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="158 - 165" refId="ref108215" refString="Thomas, P. A., George, R. M. &amp; Manickam, P. E. S. (1998) Deep water Gorgonids collected aboard FORV Sagar Sampada from the Southwest coast of India. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 40, 158 - 165." type="journal article" year="1998">
Thomas
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FADFFC11FAB1FBCE" box="[1310,1359,999,1025]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">et al</emphasis>
. 1998: 163
</bibRefCitation>
(SW coast);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FE95FBF5FD5DFBEA" author="Mary, A. G. &amp; Lazarus, S." box="[340,675,1035,1062]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="32 - 43" refId="ref104234" refString="Mary, A. G. &amp; Lazarus, S. (2004) Gorgonids off the southwest Coast of India. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 46, 32 - 43." type="journal article" year="2004">Mary &amp; Lazarus 2004: 3738</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 14&amp;15 (SW coast).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B52FFE8FF06FBADFA9CFA8A" blockId="68.[151,1436,1107,1709]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FF06FBADFE5FFBA2" box="[199,417,1107,1133]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Literature analysis</emphasis>
: This species was originally named
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B52FFE8FC9EFBAAFBB1FBA2" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" box="[863,1103,1107,1133]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flabellum">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FC9EFBAAFBB1FBA2" box="[863,1103,1107,1133]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Antipathes flabellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In 1910, Nutting named a new species
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FEEAFB81FDC0FB5E" box="[299,574,1143,1169]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B52FFE8FEEAFB81FDC5FB5E" box="[299,571,1143,1169]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Heterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="reticulata">Heterogorgia reticulata</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which Kükenthal said was a synonym of
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FBEDFB8EFADEFB5E" box="[1068,1312,1143,1169]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B52FFE8FBEDFB8EFAE2FB5E" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" box="[1068,1308,1143,1169]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flabellum">Antipathes flabellum</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Following Nutting, Kükenthal placed
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B52FFE8FE0BFB62FD4AFB7A" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" box="[458,692,1179,1205]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flabellum">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FE0BFB62FD4AFB7A" box="[458,692,1179,1205]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Antipathes flabellum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the genus
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FC8FFB65FB00FB7A" box="[846,1278,1179,1205]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B52FFE8FC8FFB65FC16FB7A" authorityName=", Breedy &amp; Guzman" authorityYear="2011" box="[846,1000,1180,1205]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Heterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Heterogorgia</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B52FFE8FC32FB65FB00FB7A" box="[1011,1278,1179,1205]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Heterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="reticulata">Heterogorgia reticulata</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is actually an
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B52FFE8FF56FB46FECEFB16" box="[151,304,1215,1241]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Echinogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FF56FB46FECEFB16" box="[151,304,1215,1241]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Echinogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and therefore not a synonym of
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FD52FB39FCDBFB16" box="[659,805,1215,1241]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B52FFE8FD52FB39FCDCFB16" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" box="[659,802,1215,1241]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flabellum">H. flabellum</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Being a Pallas species, the details of the characters of the latter are essentially unknown because the material is missing. In their revision of
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B52FFE8FBE6FB1DFF1FFAEE" authority=", Breedy &amp; Guzman (2011)" authorityName=", Breedy &amp; Guzman" authorityYear="2011" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Heterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FBE6FB1DFB43FB32" box="[1063,1213,1252,1277]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Heterogorgia</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FB0BFB1AFF1FFAEE" author="Breedy, O. &amp; Guzman, H. M." pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="27 - 44" refId="ref99425" refString="Breedy, O. &amp; Guzman, H. M. (2011) A revision of the genus Heterogorgia Verrill, 1868 (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Plexauridae). Zootaxa, 2995 (1), 27 - 44. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2995.1.2" type="journal article" year="2011">Breedy &amp; Guzman (2011)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
state that the species belongs in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B52FFE8FD00FAF1FC95FAEE" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1868" box="[705,875,1288,1313]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Psammogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FD00FAF1FC95FAEE" box="[705,875,1288,1313]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Psammogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has simple, planar or bushy colonies, with thick branches and only occurs on the
<collectingRegion id="49E5C9B57B52FFE8FD84FAD5FD43FA89" box="[581,701,1324,1350]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">West coast</collectingRegion>
of the Americas. All Indian records, therefore, are incorrect.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B52FFE8FF06FAB6FE61F98E" blockId="68.[151,1436,1107,1709]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FF06FAB6FE17FAA6" author="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M." box="[199,489,1359,1385]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="96 - 112" refId="ref107948" refString="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M. (1986) A systematic appraisal of the commercially important gorgonids of the Indian seas. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 28 (1 &amp; 2), 96 - 112." type="journal article" year="1986">Thomas &amp; George (1986)</bibRefCitation>
describe a reticulate colony of an uncertain genus with spindles in the coenenchyme and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FF07FA8AFE18FA42" author="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M." box="[198,486,1395,1421]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref107997" refString="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M. (1987) Gorgonid resources of India. Marine Fisheries Information Services, 74, 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1987">Thomas &amp; George (1987)</bibRefCitation>
provide a figure of the colony described in their 1986 paper.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FB4FFA8AFA62FA42" author="Thomas, P. A. &amp; Jacob, R. M." box="[1166,1436,1395,1421]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="20 - 27" refId="ref108121" refString="Thomas, P. A. &amp; Jacob, R. M. (1987) On five species of commercially important gorgonids new to Indian seas. Indian Journal of Fisheries, 34, 20 - 27." type="journal article" year="1987">Thomas &amp; Jacob (1987)</bibRefCitation>
describe the same material as in the 1986 paper with the addition of a few more sclerite drawings, and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FAE7FA6EFEF8FA19" author="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M. &amp; Lazarus, S." pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="134 - 142" refId="ref108160" refString="Thomas, P. A., George, R. M. &amp; Lazarus, S. (1995) Distribution of gorgonids in the northeast coast of India with particular reference to Heterogorgia flabellum (Pallas). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 37, 134 - 142." type="journal article" year="1995">
Thomas
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FA49FA61FF53FA1A" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">et al</emphasis>
. (1995)
</bibRefCitation>
just record the species and refer to the 1986 description.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FC4FFA42FB85FA1A" author="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M. &amp; Manickam, P. E. S." box="[910,1147,1467,1493]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="158 - 165" refId="ref108215" refString="Thomas, P. A., George, R. M. &amp; Manickam, P. E. S. (1998) Deep water Gorgonids collected aboard FORV Sagar Sampada from the Southwest coast of India. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 40, 158 - 165." type="journal article" year="1998">
Thomas
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FC31FA45FBD7FA1A" box="[1008,1065,1467,1493]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">et al.</emphasis>
(1998)
</bibRefCitation>
record two samples from the southwest coast of
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B52FFE8FE56FA26FE2AFA36" box="[407,468,1503,1529]" name="India" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">India</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FE1EFA19FD15FA36" author="Mary, A. G. &amp; Lazarus, S." box="[479,747,1503,1530]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="32 - 43" refId="ref104234" refString="Mary, A. G. &amp; Lazarus, S. (2004) Gorgonids off the southwest Coast of India. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 46, 32 - 43." type="journal article" year="2004">Mary &amp; Lazarus (2004)</bibRefCitation>
describe another colony but include the same sclerite images as in Thomas &amp; Jacob.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B52FFE8FE5FF9FAFD68F9D2" author="Varghese, M. &amp; George, R. M. &amp; Kasinathan, C." box="[414,662,1539,1566]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="14 - 17" refId="ref109624" refString="Varghese, M., George, R. M. &amp; Kasinathan, C. (2007) Recent gorgonid resources of Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay, India. Marine Fisheries Information Service Technical &amp; Extension Series, 194, 14 - 17." type="journal article" year="2007">
Varghese
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FDCDF9FDFDC3F9D2" box="[524,573,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</bibRefCitation>
just lists the species and provide a colony image, while Kumar
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FAA5F9FDFA6BF9D2" box="[1380,1429,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">et al</emphasis>
. (2016) lists the species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B52FFE8FF06F9B2FE7DF962" blockId="68.[151,1436,1107,1709]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
The identity of the specimens in the Indian accounts is uncertain, but with a reticulate growth form and the surface of the coenenchyme full of spindle-shaped sclerites it is probable that the Indian material represents a species of
<emphasis id="B955DB457B52FFE8FECCF96AFE7DF962" box="[269,387,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B52FFE8FECCF96AFE81F962" box="[269,383,1683,1709]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acanthogorgiidae" genus="Muricella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Muricella</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>