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<document id="DB935A6A61E1CAEEF366277D94EC4F6F" ID-CLB-Dataset="54753" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639327" ID-ZooBank="796FF9F5-E71F-4C69-92CC-CF4D6752BD77" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1675871645016" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramvilas, Ghosh, Alderslade, Philip &amp; Ranjeet, Kutty" docDate="2023" docId="0388B6417B3FFF85FF56FD03FF1CFAE4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5236.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5236 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Muricella paraplectana Grasshoff 1999" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="FFB1CE397B16FFACFFC1FFF9FFFEFFCF" masterDocTitle="The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1699474889499" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="92E8A8B7A59581A4EC6EF8171AEC0F2F">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4A5BC9183943C2CDDC71455FE22BAAF1">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="22616C8A5B5E78DA9F2E88C93E43BEAA">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6ABF184308CD65FD6C6FCC2D166DA7DB">Ranjeet, Kutty</mods:namePart>
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<heading id="D0D6B03B7B3FFF85FF56FD03FD7EFCDB" bold="true" box="[151,640,762,789]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3FFF85FF56FD03FD7EFCDB" ID-CoL="6RQKY" authority="Grasshoff, 1999" authorityName="Grasshoff" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,640,762,789]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acanthogorgiidae" genus="Muricella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paraplectana">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B3FFF85FF56FD03FD7EFCDB" bold="true" box="[151,640,762,789]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B3FFF85FF56FD03FE4DFCDA" bold="true" box="[151,435,762,789]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Muricella paraplectana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B3FFF85FE7AFD03FD7EFCDB" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[443,640,762,788]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref101429" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1999) The shallow water gorgonians of New Caledonia and adjacent islands (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Senckenbergiana biologica, 78 (1 / 2), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1999">Grasshoff, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B3FFF85FF56FCC6FDA5FC98" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[151,603,831,855]" page="34" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3FFF85FF56FCC6FDA5FC98" ID-CoL="6RQKY" authority="Grasshoff, 1999: 34" authorityName="Grasshoff" authorityPageNumber="34" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,603,831,855]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acanthogorgiidae" genus="Muricella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paraplectana">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B3FFF85FF56FCC6FE76FC98" box="[151,392,831,855]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Muricella paraplectana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B3FFF85FE4EFCC6FDA5FC98" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[399,603,831,855]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref101429" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1999) The shallow water gorgonians of New Caledonia and adjacent islands (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Senckenbergiana biologica, 78 (1 / 2), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1999">Grasshoff, 1999: 34</bibRefCitation>
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, figs. 47, 49, 51 (
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B3FFF85FCCBFCC6FC50FC98" box="[778,942,831,855]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
).
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B3FFF85FF56FC7CFCA3FC50" blockId="41.[151,861,901,928]" box="[151,861,901,928]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Opinion: There is no evidence this species occurs in the region.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B3FFF85FF56FC34FED7FC28" blockId="41.[151,1436,973,1072]" box="[151,297,973,999]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Justification:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B3FFF85FF06FC08FBCFFBE0" blockId="41.[151,1436,973,1072]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B3FFF85FF06FC08FC70FBC4" box="[199,910,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">These Indian records seem to be either invalid or unconfirmable</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B3FFF85FC5DFC0BFB63FBC4" author="Kumar, J. S. Y. &amp; Raghunathan, C. &amp; Raghuraman, R. &amp; Sreeraj, C. R. &amp; Venkataraman, K." box="[924,1181,1009,1036]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref103651" refString="Kumar, J. S. Y., Raghunathan, C., Raghuraman, R., Sreeraj, C. R. &amp; Venkataraman, K. (2014 a) Handbook on Gorgonians (Octocorallia) of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 119 pp." type="book" year="2014">
Kumar
<emphasis id="B955DB457B3FFF85FC2EFC0BFBE1FBC4" box="[1007,1055,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
. 2014a: 46
</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 20, fig.AD (Twin Is., South Andaman);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B3FFF85FE4DFBECFD5FFBE0" author="Fernando, S. &amp; Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C." box="[396,673,1045,1071]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
Fernando
<emphasis id="B955DB457B3FFF85FE3CFBEFFDCBFBE0" box="[509,565,1045,1071]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
2017: 66
</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 26, fig. AD (South Andaman).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B3FFF85FF06FBA7FF1CFAE4" blockId="41.[151,1437,1117,1323]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B3FFF85FF06FBA7FE60FBB8" box="[199,414,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Literature analysis</emphasis>
: This species was erected for material collected in New Caledonian waters. Part of the
<typeStatus id="549AB9F57B3FFF85FF56FB78FF07FB54" box="[151,249,1153,1179]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was figured by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B3FFF85FE70FB78FD92FB54" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[433,620,1153,1179]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref101429" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1999) The shallow water gorgonians of New Caledonia and adjacent islands (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Senckenbergiana biologica, 78 (1 / 2), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1999">Grasshoff (1999</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 49) and showed the colony to be a richly branched fan that appears to have many anastomoses. The descriptions given by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B3FFF85FCD3FB5FFBF8FB70" author="Kumar, J. S. Y. &amp; Raghunathan, C. &amp; Raghuraman, R. &amp; Sreeraj, C. R. &amp; Venkataraman, K." box="[786,1030,1189,1216]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref103651" refString="Kumar, J. S. Y., Raghunathan, C., Raghuraman, R., Sreeraj, C. R. &amp; Venkataraman, K. (2014 a) Handbook on Gorgonians (Octocorallia) of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 119 pp." type="book" year="2014">
Kumar
<emphasis id="B955DB457B3FFF85FCABFB5FFC60FB70" box="[874,926,1189,1215]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
. (2014a)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B3FFF85FB82FB5CFAB7FB70" author="Fernando, S. &amp; Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C." box="[1091,1353,1189,1216]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
Fernando
<emphasis id="B955DB457B3FFF85FB76FB5FFB15FB70" box="[1207,1259,1189,1215]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
. (2017)
</bibRefCitation>
, which are identical, figure a colony with a completely different growth form, being very sparsely branched.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B3FFF85FAF1FB33FEF6FAC7" author="Kumar, J. S. Y. &amp; Raghunathan, C. &amp; Venkataraman, K." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="15 - 33" refId="ref103709" refString="Kumar, J. S. Y., Raghunathan, C. &amp; Venkataraman, K. (2015) Abundance of shallow water octocorals in the Andaman and Nicobar Archipelago, India. In: Venkataraman, K. &amp; Sivaperuman, C. (Eds.), Marine faunal diversity in India: taxonomy, ecology and conservation. London Academic Press, London, pp. 15 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / B 978 - 0 - 12 - 801948 - 1.00002 - 1" type="book chapter" year="2015">
Kumar
<emphasis id="B955DB457B3FFF85FA49FB33FF53FAC8" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
. (2015)
</bibRefCitation>
just listed the species and presented an illustration of the colony from the 2014 and 2017 papers cited above.
</paragraph>
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