993 lines
61 KiB
XML
993 lines
61 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.69025" ID-GBIF-Dataset="74767cee-040d-4554-bf9c-6ba4177b39cf" ID-PMC="PMC8683394" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1076-151" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8DB0FAF7DD4E5718A2A57AFD9CC3A7EE" ID-PubMed="35002358" ID-ZooBank="7B4E12710B60450480B368028E4B1AD6" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1076-151" checkinTime="1639109995037" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Izumi, Takato & Fujii, Takuma" docDate="2021" docId="11CE36E72E175D6AA1F958A3E40FC11F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1076: 151-182" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1076" docPubDate="2021-12-10" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.69025" docTitle="Edwardsianthus pudicus" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="8DB0FAF7DD4E5718A2A57AFD9CC3A7EE" lastPageNumber="151" masterDocId="8DB0FAF7DD4E5718A2A57AFD9CC3A7EE" masterDocTitle="Gems of the southern Japanese seas - four new species of Edwardsianthus (Anthozoa, Actiniaria, Edwardsiidae) with redescriptions of two species" masterLastPageNumber="182" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="151" updateTime="1668151217259" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Gems of the southern Japanese seas - four new species of Edwardsianthus (Anthozoa, Actiniaria, Edwardsiidae) with redescriptions of two species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Izumi, Takato</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Molecular Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903 - 0213, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">iz.takato@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Fujii, Takuma</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Kagoshima City Aquarium, 3 - 1 Honko-shinmachi, Kagoshima, 892 - 0814, Japan & International Center for Island Studies Amami Station, Kagoshima University, 15 - 1 Naze-Minatomachi, Amami, Kagoshima 894 - 0026, Japan & The Kagoshima University Museum, 1 - 21 - 30 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890 - 0065, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-12-10</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1076</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>151</mods:start>
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<mods:end>182</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.69025</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.69025</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1076-151</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7B4E12710B60450480B368028E4B1AD6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="191261410" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:11CE36E72E175D6AA1F958A3E40FC11F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/11CE36E72E175D6AA1F958A3E40FC11F" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName LSID="11CE36E7-2E17-5D6A-A1F9-58A3E40FC11F" authority="(Klunzinger, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Klunzinger" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsianthus pudicus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudicus">Edwardsianthus pudicus (Klunzinger, 1877)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. External and internal morphology of Edwardsianthus pudicus (NSMT-Co 1702) A outer view of living specimen B oral view of living specimen C longitudinal section of tentacle D transverse section of tentacle E transverse section of parietal muscle F transverse section of macrocnemes G longitudinal section of physa. Abbreviations: cap, capitulum; fi, filament; me, mesoglea; pa, parietal muscle; ph, physa; rm, retractor muscle; scs, scapus; te, tentacle; tlm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 500 µm (D, F, G); 100 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621137" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">New Japanese name: nanyo-mushimodoki-ginchaku Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Cnidae of Edwardsianthus species A-E E. pudicus (NSMT-Co 1702) A 1 spirocyst in tentacle; A 2 basitrich in tentacle B 1 small basitrich in actinopharynx B 2 large basitrich in actinopharynx B 3 microbasic p - mastigophore in actinopharynx C basitrich in nemathybome D basitrich in column E 1 small basitrich in filament E 2 large basitrich in filament E 3 microbasic p - mastigophore in filament F-J E. gilbertensis (CMNH-ZG 06527) F 1 spirocyst in tentacle F 2 basitrich in tentacle G 1 small basitrich in actinopharynx G 2 large basitrich in actinopharynx G 3 microbasic p - mastigophore in actinopharynx H basitrich in nemathybome I basitrich in nemathybome J 1 basitrich in filament J 2 microbasic p - mastigophore in filament K-O E. carbunculus sp. nov. (CMNH-ZG 05954) K 1 spirocyst in tentacle K 2 basitrich in tentacle L 1 small basitrich in actinopharynx L 2 large basitrich in actinopharynx M 1 small basitrich in nemathybome M 2 large basitrich in nemathybome N basitrich in column O 1 small basitrich in filament O 2 large basitrich in filament O 3 microbasic p - mastigophore in filament." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621138" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">, 3A-E</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Klunzinger" authorityYear="1877" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsia pudica" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudica">Edwardsia pudica</taxonomicName>
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Klunzinger, 1877: 80-81, pl. 6, fig. 3; Carlgren, 1931: 18-20, figs 16, 17.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Klunzinger" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsiella pudica" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudica">Edwardsiella pudica</taxonomicName>
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Andres, 1883: 309.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Faurot" authorityYear="1895" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsia adenensis" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="adenensis">Edwardsia adenensis</taxonomicName>
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Faurot, 1895: 121, pl. 6, fig. 5, pl. 7, fig. 6.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Carlgren" authorityYear="1931" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsia bocki" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bocki">Edwardsia bocki</taxonomicName>
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Carlgren, 1931: 7-9, figs 5, 6.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Carlgren" authorityYear="1950" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsia stephensoni" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stephensoni">Edwardsia stephensoni</taxonomicName>
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Carlgren, 1950: 128-129, figs 1, 2.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Klunzinger" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsianthus pudica" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudica">Edwardsianthus pudica</taxonomicName>
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: England, 1987: 224-229, fig. 10.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2015-11-07" country="Japan" elevation="20" location="Kurasaki" municipality="Amami-Oshima" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima">
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NSMT-Co 1702: histological sections, dissected tissues, and prepared nematocysts, collected by SCUBA diving on
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<collectingDate value="2015-11-07">7 November 2015</collectingDate>
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off
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:11CE36E72E175D6AA1F958A3E40FC11F:6B4698E886A0268C1C00FB4E70DE9366" country="Japan" municipality="Amami-Oshima" name="Kurasaki" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Kurasaki</location>
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seashore,
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<collectingMunicipality>Amami-Oshima</collectingMunicipality>
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Island,
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<collectingRegion country="Japan" name="Kagoshima">Kagoshima</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
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, at ca.
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<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="20.0">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
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depth
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</elevation>
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, by Takuma Fujii
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">External anatomy</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Size: ca. 120-200 mm in whole length, and ca. 12-15 mm in width in living specimen, and ca. 80-130 mm in length and ca. 8-10 mm in width in preserved specimen (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. External and internal morphology of Edwardsianthus pudicus (NSMT-Co 1702) A outer view of living specimen B oral view of living specimen C longitudinal section of tentacle D transverse section of tentacle E transverse section of parietal muscle F transverse section of macrocnemes G longitudinal section of physa. Abbreviations: cap, capitulum; fi, filament; me, mesoglea; pa, parietal muscle; ph, physa; rm, retractor muscle; scs, scapus; te, tentacle; tlm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 500 µm (D, F, G); 100 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621137" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">2A</figureCitation>
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). Column: cylinder-like form, and the proximal part narrower to some extent; consisting of capitulum, scapus, and physa. The distal-most part capitulum, translucent and visible magenta mesenteries within, short, without nemathybomes. Scapus with very thick and easily removed periderm-like cuticle, dark gray color in living and preserved animals, and with tiny, pale white in color, densely scattered nemathybomes (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. External and internal morphology of Edwardsianthus pudicus (NSMT-Co 1702) A outer view of living specimen B oral view of living specimen C longitudinal section of tentacle D transverse section of tentacle E transverse section of parietal muscle F transverse section of macrocnemes G longitudinal section of physa. Abbreviations: cap, capitulum; fi, filament; me, mesoglea; pa, parietal muscle; ph, physa; rm, retractor muscle; scs, scapus; te, tentacle; tlm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 500 µm (D, F, G); 100 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621137" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">2A</figureCitation>
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). Tentacles: 20 in number in two cycles, inner tentacle 8 and outer 12, magenta pink or purple in color with brown obscure patches in living animals (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. External and internal morphology of Edwardsianthus pudicus (NSMT-Co 1702) A outer view of living specimen B oral view of living specimen C longitudinal section of tentacle D transverse section of tentacle E transverse section of parietal muscle F transverse section of macrocnemes G longitudinal section of physa. Abbreviations: cap, capitulum; fi, filament; me, mesoglea; pa, parietal muscle; ph, physa; rm, retractor muscle; scs, scapus; te, tentacle; tlm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 500 µm (D, F, G); 100 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621137" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">2B</figureCitation>
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; these colors are lost in preserved specimen), without acrospheres. Inner tentacles short, slender, ca. 5-6 mm in length, and outer ones long and slender, 10-14 mm in length in preserved. Mouth: at the center of oral disc, apparently swollen, showing white color in live specimens.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Internal anatomy</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Mesenterial arrangement: eight perfect mesenteries, all macrocnemes. Four dorsal and ventral directives, and four lateral mesenteries not paired with other macrocnemes. All macrocnemes present along whole length of the body from oral to aboral end and bearing distinct retractor and parietal muscles. Twelve tiny microcnemes, without muscles, confined only in distal-most part. Four microcnemes between dorsal directives and dorso-lateral mesenteries, four between dorso-and ventro-lateral mesenteries, and four between ventro-lateral mesenteries and ventral directives. Retractor muscles: at the mid part of column, strongly developed and diffused (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. External and internal morphology of Edwardsianthus pudicus (NSMT-Co 1702) A outer view of living specimen B oral view of living specimen C longitudinal section of tentacle D transverse section of tentacle E transverse section of parietal muscle F transverse section of macrocnemes G longitudinal section of physa. Abbreviations: cap, capitulum; fi, filament; me, mesoglea; pa, parietal muscle; ph, physa; rm, retractor muscle; scs, scapus; te, tentacle; tlm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 500 µm (D, F, G); 100 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621137" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">2F</figureCitation>
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), pennon-like, arranged with ca. 100 muscular processes. Processes except some basal ones simple or slightly branched, and pinnate in some parts. Some processes nearest to body wall extremely well-branched, with secondary and tertiary branches (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. External and internal morphology of Edwardsianthus pudicus (NSMT-Co 1702) A outer view of living specimen B oral view of living specimen C longitudinal section of tentacle D transverse section of tentacle E transverse section of parietal muscle F transverse section of macrocnemes G longitudinal section of physa. Abbreviations: cap, capitulum; fi, filament; me, mesoglea; pa, parietal muscle; ph, physa; rm, retractor muscle; scs, scapus; te, tentacle; tlm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 500 µm (D, F, G); 100 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621137" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">2F</figureCitation>
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; England, 1981: fig. 10). Parietal muscles: developed, comparatively distinct, egg-shaped, elongated along mesenteries, with ca. 15-20 simple or slightly branched muscular processes on each side (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. External and internal morphology of Edwardsianthus pudicus (NSMT-Co 1702) A outer view of living specimen B oral view of living specimen C longitudinal section of tentacle D transverse section of tentacle E transverse section of parietal muscle F transverse section of macrocnemes G longitudinal section of physa. Abbreviations: cap, capitulum; fi, filament; me, mesoglea; pa, parietal muscle; ph, physa; rm, retractor muscle; scs, scapus; te, tentacle; tlm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 500 µm (D, F, G); 100 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621137" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">2E</figureCitation>
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). Others: existence of siphonoglyph unknown because of the contracted state of the specimen. Each with one tentacle from each endo- or exocoels. Tentacular circular muscle indistinct (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. External and internal morphology of Edwardsianthus pudicus (NSMT-Co 1702) A outer view of living specimen B oral view of living specimen C longitudinal section of tentacle D transverse section of tentacle E transverse section of parietal muscle F transverse section of macrocnemes G longitudinal section of physa. Abbreviations: cap, capitulum; fi, filament; me, mesoglea; pa, parietal muscle; ph, physa; rm, retractor muscle; scs, scapus; te, tentacle; tlm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 500 µm (D, F, G); 100 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621137" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">2C</figureCitation>
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), and longitudinal muscle distinct, ectodermal (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. External and internal morphology of Edwardsianthus pudicus (NSMT-Co 1702) A outer view of living specimen B oral view of living specimen C longitudinal section of tentacle D transverse section of tentacle E transverse section of parietal muscle F transverse section of macrocnemes G longitudinal section of physa. Abbreviations: cap, capitulum; fi, filament; me, mesoglea; pa, parietal muscle; ph, physa; rm, retractor muscle; scs, scapus; te, tentacle; tlm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 500 µm (D, F, G); 100 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621137" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">2D</figureCitation>
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). Mesoglea thickest in body wall,> 200
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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in thickness in some parts, and comparatively thick in physa and mesenteries, but thinner in parietal muscles and tentacles (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. External and internal morphology of Edwardsianthus pudicus (NSMT-Co 1702) A outer view of living specimen B oral view of living specimen C longitudinal section of tentacle D transverse section of tentacle E transverse section of parietal muscle F transverse section of macrocnemes G longitudinal section of physa. Abbreviations: cap, capitulum; fi, filament; me, mesoglea; pa, parietal muscle; ph, physa; rm, retractor muscle; scs, scapus; te, tentacle; tlm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 500 µm (D, F, G); 100 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621137" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">2C-E</figureCitation>
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). Nemathybomes sunk into mesoglea. Marginal sphincter muscle and basilar muscle absent (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. External and internal morphology of Edwardsianthus pudicus (NSMT-Co 1702) A outer view of living specimen B oral view of living specimen C longitudinal section of tentacle D transverse section of tentacle E transverse section of parietal muscle F transverse section of macrocnemes G longitudinal section of physa. Abbreviations: cap, capitulum; fi, filament; me, mesoglea; pa, parietal muscle; ph, physa; rm, retractor muscle; scs, scapus; te, tentacle; tlm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 500 µm (D, F, G); 100 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621137" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">2G</figureCitation>
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). Gametogenic tissue not attached to retractor muscles, distinct, but no mature gametocytes observed in our specimen (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. External and internal morphology of Edwardsianthus pudicus (NSMT-Co 1702) A outer view of living specimen B oral view of living specimen C longitudinal section of tentacle D transverse section of tentacle E transverse section of parietal muscle F transverse section of macrocnemes G longitudinal section of physa. Abbreviations: cap, capitulum; fi, filament; me, mesoglea; pa, parietal muscle; ph, physa; rm, retractor muscle; scs, scapus; te, tentacle; tlm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C); 500 µm (D, F, G); 100 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621137" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">2F</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Cnidom</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Basitrichs, spirocysts, and microbasic
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">p</emphasis>
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-mastigophores. See Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Cnidae of Edwardsianthus species A-E E. pudicus (NSMT-Co 1702) A 1 spirocyst in tentacle; A 2 basitrich in tentacle B 1 small basitrich in actinopharynx B 2 large basitrich in actinopharynx B 3 microbasic p - mastigophore in actinopharynx C basitrich in nemathybome D basitrich in column E 1 small basitrich in filament E 2 large basitrich in filament E 3 microbasic p - mastigophore in filament F-J E. gilbertensis (CMNH-ZG 06527) F 1 spirocyst in tentacle F 2 basitrich in tentacle G 1 small basitrich in actinopharynx G 2 large basitrich in actinopharynx G 3 microbasic p - mastigophore in actinopharynx H basitrich in nemathybome I basitrich in nemathybome J 1 basitrich in filament J 2 microbasic p - mastigophore in filament K-O E. carbunculus sp. nov. (CMNH-ZG 05954) K 1 spirocyst in tentacle K 2 basitrich in tentacle L 1 small basitrich in actinopharynx L 2 large basitrich in actinopharynx M 1 small basitrich in nemathybome M 2 large basitrich in nemathybome N basitrich in column O 1 small basitrich in filament O 2 large basitrich in filament O 3 microbasic p - mastigophore in filament." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621138" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">3A-E</figureCitation>
|
||
and Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Cnidoms of the species of Edwardsianthus pudicus, Edwardsianthus gilbertensis and Edwardsianthus carbunculus sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5BB6644B0DE4EC9F26126681447C52B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" tableUuid="5BB6644B0DE4EC9F26126681447C52B5">4</tableCitation>
|
||
for sizes and distributions of cnidae on this study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="5BB6644B0DE4EC9F26126681447C52B5" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5BB6644B0DE4EC9F26126681447C52B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" start="Table 4" startId="T4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Table 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Cnidoms of the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Klunzinger" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsianthus pudicus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Edwardsianthus pudicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Carlgren" authorityYear="1931" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsianthus gilbertensis" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gilbertensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Edwardsianthus gilbertensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Izumi & Fujii" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsianthus carbunculus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carbunculus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Edwardsianthus carbunculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="2" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Klunzinger" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsianthus pudicus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudicus">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Edwardsianthus pudicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Carlgren" authorityYear="1931" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsianthus gilbertensis" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gilbertensis">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Edwardsianthus gilbertensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Izumi & Fujii" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsianthus carbunculus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carbunculus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Edwardsianthus carbunculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="2" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="2">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">NSMT-Co 1702</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">CMNH-ZG 06527</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">CMNH-ZG 05954</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
Length
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
Width (µm)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">Mean (µm)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">SD (µm)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">n</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">frequency</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
Length
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
Width (µm)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">Mean (µm)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">SD (µm)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">n</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">frequency</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
Length
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
Width (µm)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">Mean (µm)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">SD (µm)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">n</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">frequency</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="17" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">Tentacle</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">basitrichs</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
20.1-34.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.9-4.2
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
27.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.6
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
3.09
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.30
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">57</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
13.2-26.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.8-4.6
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
20.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.6
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
3.23
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.44
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">50</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
25.9-34.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.7-4.3
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
30.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.3
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
2.05
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.29
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">94</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">spirocysts</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
11.9-20.1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.2-3.6
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
15.1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.9
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.88
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.32
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">25</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
8.5-14.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.0-4.4
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
11.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.4
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.43
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.35
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">12</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">few</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
11.8-21.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.5-3.7
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
16.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.1
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.83
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.28
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">57</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="17" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">Actinopharynx</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="2">basitrichs</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">S</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
17.4-24.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.9-3.0
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
20.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.5
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
2.02
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.44
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">15</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
16.3-21.1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.4-3.9
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
18.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.1
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.24
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.39
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">12</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">few</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
14.3-16.9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.5-3.9
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
16.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.7
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
0.99
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.19
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">4</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">rare</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">L</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
34.8-42.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.3-5.4
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
38.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.5
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.80
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.44
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">47</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
26.5-34.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.0-4.5
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
30.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.7
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.71
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.35
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">66</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
36.1-48.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.2-5.0
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
42.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.2
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
2.85
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.40
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">76</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
microbasic
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">p</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophores
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
30.3-35.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
6.6-7.1
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
33.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
6.7
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.92
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.17
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">5</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">few</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
28.9-35.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
6.6-8.4
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
32.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
7.6
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
2.71
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.78
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">3</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">rare</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="17" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">Nemathybome</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="2">basitrichs</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">S</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
16.6-19.9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.9-4.1
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
18.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.0
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.35
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.08
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">4</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">rare</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">L</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
46.8-56.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.2-5.6
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
41.7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
51.7
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.95
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.43
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">44</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerou</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
34.0-45.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.0-4.8
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
39.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.8
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
2.02
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.38
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">75</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
46.8-56.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.2-5.6
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
51.7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.3
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
2.08
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.47
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">44</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="17" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">Column</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">basitrichs</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
15.8-17.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.4-3.8
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
16.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.7
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
0.72
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.18
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">3</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">rare</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
9.8-14.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.8-4.1
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
12.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.3
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.12
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.41
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">12</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">few</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
47.9-53.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.4-4.8
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
50.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.0
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.62
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.33
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">24</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="17" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">Filament</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="2">basitrichs</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">S</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
25.1-31.7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.4-4.1
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
29.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.3
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.69
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.34
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">49</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
12.9-19.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.8-4.2
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
14.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.4
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.32
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.33
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">61</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
22.4-32.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3.2-5.0
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
28.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.0
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
2.29
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.43
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">43</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">L</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
29.4-42.7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.2-5.9
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
37.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.9
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
3.09
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.31
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">29</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">numerous</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
27.6-44.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.1-5.8
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
34.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.8
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
5.87
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.51
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">11</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">few</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<td colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
microbasic
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">p</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophores
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
29.7-34.1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
5.2-7.6
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
31.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
6.2
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.26
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.62
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">11</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">few</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
33.0-38.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
8.2-10.9
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
36.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
9.3
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.63
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.72
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">12</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">few</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
30.1-31.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
5.3-5.9
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
30.9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
5.6
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">
|
||
0.87
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.29
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">2</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rowspan="1">rare</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621137" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
External and internal morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Klunzinger" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsianthus pudicus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Edwardsianthus pudicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NSMT-Co 1702)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">A</emphasis>
|
||
outer view of living specimen
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">B</emphasis>
|
||
oral view of living specimen
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">C</emphasis>
|
||
longitudinal section of tentacle
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">D</emphasis>
|
||
transverse section of tentacle
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">E</emphasis>
|
||
transverse section of parietal muscle
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">F</emphasis>
|
||
transverse section of macrocnemes
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">G</emphasis>
|
||
longitudinal section of physa. Abbreviations: cap, capitulum; fi, filament; me, mesoglea; pa, parietal muscle; ph, physa; rm, retractor muscle; scs, scapus; te, tentacle; tlm, tentacular longitudinal muscle. Scale bars: 5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
); 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">C</emphasis>
|
||
); 500
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">D, F, G</emphasis>
|
||
); 100
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">E</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.69025.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/621138" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Cnidae of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="England" authorityYear="1987" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsianthus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Edwardsianthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">A-E</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. pudicus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">E. pudicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NSMT-Co 1702)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">A1</emphasis>
|
||
spirocyst in tentacle;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">A2</emphasis>
|
||
basitrich in tentacle
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">B1</emphasis>
|
||
small basitrich in actinopharynx
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">B2</emphasis>
|
||
large basitrich in actinopharynx
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">B3</emphasis>
|
||
microbasic
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">p</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophore in actinopharynx
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">C</emphasis>
|
||
basitrich in nemathybome
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">D</emphasis>
|
||
basitrich in column
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">E1</emphasis>
|
||
small basitrich in filament
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">E2</emphasis>
|
||
large basitrich in filament
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">E3</emphasis>
|
||
microbasic
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">p</emphasis>
|
||
- mastigophore in filament
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">F-J</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. gilbertensis" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gilbertensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">E. gilbertensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CMNH-ZG 06527)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">F1</emphasis>
|
||
spirocyst in tentacle
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">F2</emphasis>
|
||
basitrich in tentacle
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">G1</emphasis>
|
||
small basitrich in actinopharynx
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">G2</emphasis>
|
||
large basitrich in actinopharynx
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">G3</emphasis>
|
||
microbasic
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">p</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophore in actinopharynx
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">H</emphasis>
|
||
basitrich in nemathybome
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">I</emphasis>
|
||
basitrich in nemathybome
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">J1</emphasis>
|
||
basitrich in filament
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">J2</emphasis>
|
||
microbasic
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">p</emphasis>
|
||
- mastigophore in filament
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">K-O</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. carbunculus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carbunculus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">E. carbunculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (CMNH-ZG 05954)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">K1</emphasis>
|
||
spirocyst in tentacle
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">K2</emphasis>
|
||
basitrich in tentacle
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">L1</emphasis>
|
||
small basitrich in actinopharynx
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">L2</emphasis>
|
||
large basitrich in actinopharynx
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">M1</emphasis>
|
||
small basitrich in nemathybome
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">M2</emphasis>
|
||
large basitrich in nemathybome
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">N</emphasis>
|
||
basitrich in column
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">O1</emphasis>
|
||
small basitrich in filament
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">O2</emphasis>
|
||
large basitrich in filament
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">O3</emphasis>
|
||
microbasic
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">p</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophore in filament.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="derivation of japanese name">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Derivation of Japanese name.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">see the derivation of genus name.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
This specimen from Amami Oshima Island resembled the features of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Klunzinger" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsianthus pudicus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Edwardsianthus pudicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as stated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="England, KW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="205 - 292" refId="B14" refString="England, KW, 1987. Certain Actiniaria (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the Red Sea and tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 53: 205 - 292" title="Certain Actiniaria (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the Red Sea and tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean." volume="53" year="1987">England (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; he redescribed this species as
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Klunzinger" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsianthus pudica" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Edwardsianthus pudica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Klunzinger, 1877), but the appropriate name is
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Klunzinger" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsianthus pudicus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Edwardsianthus pudicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
following nomenclatural rules (ICZN 31.2 and 34.2;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ride, WH" journalOrPublisher="London, 4 th ed." pageId="0" pageNumber="151" publicationUrl="https://www.iczn.org/the-code/the-international-code-of-zoological-nomenclature/the-code-online/" refId="B35" refString="Ride, WH, Cogger, G, Dupuis, C, Kraus, O, Minelli, A, Thompson, FC, Tubbs, PK, 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. London, 4th ed., https://www.iczn.org/the-code/the-international-code-of-zoological-nomenclature/the-code-online/" title="International Code of Zoological Nomenclature." url="https://www.iczn.org/the-code/the-international-code-of-zoological-nomenclature/the-code-online/" year="1999">Ride et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), as in WoRMS (Daly & Fautin, 2021).
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="England, KW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="205 - 292" refId="B14" refString="England, KW, 1987. Certain Actiniaria (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the Red Sea and tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 53: 205 - 292" title="Certain Actiniaria (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the Red Sea and tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean." volume="53" year="1987">England (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescribed
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. pudicus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">E. pudicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in detail and designated this species as the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="England" authorityYear="1987" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Edwardsianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsianthus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Edwardsianthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
England, 1987.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="England, KW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="205 - 292" refId="B14" refString="England, KW, 1987. Certain Actiniaria (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the Red Sea and tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 53: 205 - 292" title="Certain Actiniaria (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the Red Sea and tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean." volume="53" year="1987">England (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned that
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. pudicus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">E. pudicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had a large body, reaching 200 mm in length and 15 mm in width, a thick walled scapus with easily stripped periderm, scattered small nemathybomes, long slender tapered tentacles, swelled mouth, extremely developed and diffused retractor muscles composed of 70-90 muscular processes, well-developed parietal muscle with 20-30 simple or slightly branched processes, and dioecious gametogenic tissue. These features almost completely correspond to the specimen obtained in this study. The tentacles being translucent purple or magenta-pink in color (England, 1987) were also similar to the tentacles and capitulum of our specimen. Moreover,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. pudicus" order="Actiniaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">E. pudicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabits a broad area of the Indo-Pacific region (Fautin, 2013; Daly & Fautin, 2021), so it is not unexpected to find this species in Japanese waters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |