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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.71.116185" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-1-67" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FD4B949748C951B7BA73F9A359A1B29C" ID-ZooBank="E85152C02B484B15A49F776D7CD4CBA4" ModsDocID="1860-1324-71-1-67" checkinTime="1709371303368" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jordal, Bjarte H." docDate="2024" docId="E19E7A8901725A50A18CFCB3FF2DFAC4" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 71(1): 67-84" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 71 (1)" docPubDate="2024-03-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.71.116185" docTitle="Xyloctonus aethiops Schedl 1953" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="FD4B949748C951B7BA73F9A359A1B29C" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="FD4B949748C951B7BA73F9A359A1B29C" masterDocTitle="Integrated taxonomy, biology and biogeography of the Afrotropical genus Xyloctonus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)" masterLastPageNumber="84" masterPageNumber="67" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1709371303368" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="519275E83E19838AC2CF14534DD0CD43">Integrated taxonomy, biology and biogeography of the Afrotropical genus Xyloctonus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="721D83907C3C81E6EBCC190B88E5CF49">Jordal, Bjarte H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1CEBAE59F8FED51B13E9AAD83AAC85D0">Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, P. O. 7800, NO- 5020 Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="E19E7A8901725A50A18CFCB3FF2DFAC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E19E7A8901725A50A18CFCB3FF2DFAC4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E19E7A8901725A50A18CFCB3FF2DFAC4" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<subSubSection id="957B8EF60B2419A3C0B9B9BEA73E7C5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="18B9DDC93BF05CB2EF8F0047B67ABDD9" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName id="51B28A69A730042E0AE79657A4A95B8D" ID-CoL="5CL53" LSID="E19E7A89-0172-5A50-A18C-FCB3FF2DFAC4" authority="Schedl, 1953" authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1953" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyloctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyloctonus aethiops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aethiops">Xyloctonus aethiops Schedl, 1953</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A9C211364A86D682556B630A2ABA11BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<figureCitation id="A74B62F2A4A22DF4632ADC9158E98397" captionStart="Figures 4349" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 43 - 49. Dorsal, lateral and front view declivity and venter with strong spines, of X. aethiops (43, 45, 47, 48); X. quadricinctus, holotype (44, 46, 49)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.116185.figures43-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/995401" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Figs 43</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="9B31CBC70FD891996CE4AB8115A908E1" captionStart="Figures 4349" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 43 - 49. Dorsal, lateral and front view declivity and venter with strong spines, of X. aethiops (43, 45, 47, 48); X. quadricinctus, holotype (44, 46, 49)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.116185.figures43-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/995401" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">, 45</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C0D1FBD07846070E7D011919FC5D822A" captionStart="Figures 4349" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 43 - 49. Dorsal, lateral and front view declivity and venter with strong spines, of X. aethiops (43, 45, 47, 48); X. quadricinctus, holotype (44, 46, 49)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.116185.figures43-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/995401" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">, 47</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="7DCEF16F7AEFF8E679ADBC4BC2477691" captionStart="Figures 4349" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 43 - 49. Dorsal, lateral and front view declivity and venter with strong spines, of X. aethiops (43, 45, 47, 48); X. quadricinctus, holotype (44, 46, 49)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.71.116185.figures43-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/995401" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">, 48</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="16378C1639CD5718615A1617E487D39A" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="3CADD436D1355D27BB2ECF6D12641E04" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName id="E71C092A6357AB8C4EBCE871324C6119" authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1953" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyloctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyloctonus aethiops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aethiops">Xyloctonus aethiops</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="CF546C6F9245F6DA00D47108CCCFF91E" authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1953" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyloctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyloctonus aethiops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aethiops">Xyloctonus aethiops</taxonomicName>
Schedl, 1953: 77.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E38984E8D4FFE8AB806A0E03C3B7D398" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName id="73694DA1F148BD815CE5CABFF5456EF3" authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyloctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyloctonus stenographus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenographus">Xyloctonus stenographus</taxonomicName>
Schedl, 1961a, synonymy by
<bibRefCitation id="7E1850B7610F15CC0BE6AA6079E211BD" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/21686351.1974.12278175" author="Menier, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Annales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" pagination="653 - 666" refId="B23" refString="Menier, JJ, 1974. Les Scolytidae Africaines - Premiere note revision du genre Xyloctonus (Col.). Societe Entomologique de France. Annales 19: 653 - 666, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21686351.1974.12278175" title="Les Scolytidae Africaines - Premiere note revision du genre Xyloctonus (Col.). Societe Entomologique de France." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/21686351.1974.12278175" volume="19" year="1974">Menier (1974)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC97B1679AE478F24BECCD4200FA1170" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="type material">
<paragraph id="B378C151B62B6FDB1907B0A2BD832769" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4788DAF3F4257881EC47B6E70D04792B" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="00A612FB51AAE5FE095B667CD78924F8" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Lectotype</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="0FBD19B0C85EE2495FB32CCB9D35153C" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Sapotaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. aethiops" order="Ebenales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="aethiops">
<emphasis id="B8B48547E9D3F1480F6F5ED10B025074" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">X. aethiops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: Madagascar, Ankorika [-12.24, 49.36], K. E. Schedl, 1951 [MNHN].
<emphasis id="4AEFDB31212554674E1AEE7244C1D310" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Holotype</emphasis>
of
<taxonomicName id="1CACD1AB75EF4E45D9093CFD0B6C2C27" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Sapotaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. stenographus" order="Ebenales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stenographus">
<emphasis id="6B66C2A4F161A8D107559D42E8802D00" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">X. stenographus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: Madagascar, Perinet [-18.93, 48.41], 28. XI. 1952, Dr. K. E. Schedl [MNHN].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BB0183B89C38EF3306E1CB9A7A814FB5" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F10C754A984CDD7038100001534462DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2AB89C6300D6EBE1407C045447D3794F" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
Length 1.3-1.6 mm, 2.0
<normalizedToken id="31AFCCA92D60EC0B2AA3B71DC9D40C27" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide, colour dark brown; vertex with faint (false) pars stridens; antennal club with two visible procurved sutures; anterior margin of pronotum with four raised teeth, median teeth longest; elytral interstriae 9 curves before apex and continues to elytral suture; elytral interstriae elevated, flattened, carinated on and near declivity only; scutellar shield transversely oval; elytral suture straight. Ventrite I swollen on median third of its posterior margin, ventrite II with four spines along the posterior margin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4D908B1B2444F917D161F80D38E89759" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="ACCE4A439D511B435F6F27967C252DF3" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4ED3313810B124945534AE8DB734014" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Madagascar.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="91342280F0E85CDED51C6E6C59455D6B" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="new record">
<paragraph id="331CF4276738F6AB4D8D0AB1F2338034" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">New record.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6FCB2A30DA71AEE978C2FAEA7E8B191D" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
Madagascar, Andasibe, Mantadia National Park [
<geoCoordinate id="6A019CFBFAD0BB739AB5DA587A1A9C7F" degrees="18.861" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-18.861">-18.861</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="4EEFD67CB5639ECE61824928BD8557E3" degrees="48.447" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="48.447">48.447</geoCoordinate>
], 900 m alt. 15 May 2015, ex
<taxonomicName id="7CEE7925810C53BC1332A0A0EDE2ABB2" class="Equisetopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uapaca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EBC9A1B1DE44CA2C6DEBA453E77AD94D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Uapaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
twig, B. Jordal, leg. [ZMUB].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="46BFC23A1C906EFD1091B8544D3D0223" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="FD9E93533C35BCEE04732DFA418C641B" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9CE5D1791FDA64E4B653156FF2AE7C2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
Two collections from known host were both in the same plant family
<taxonomicName id="A4847B4301CFBC6B3322286AC37AF8EF" class="Equisetopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Phyllanthaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="C80936920AB093E73254BC2B6DD815F9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Wielandia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Wielandia mimosoides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mimosoides">
<emphasis id="015FF2B92381662AE833A49FFA9DD33A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Wielandia mimosoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(originally in
<taxonomicName id="19BD4C2B851A8A13CE4BC2454CCE954C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Savia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Savia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A02BCE400FB47FDCF2AF0A6BF93CF305" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Savia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="F38A8376458704B14F820D6BF77F0C9F" author="Schedl, KE" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Forstlichen Bundes-Versuchsanstalt Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 326" refId="B35" refString="Schedl, KE, 1977. Die Scolytidae und Platypodidae Madagaskars und einiger naheliegender Inselgruppen. Mitteilungen der Forstlichen Bundes-Versuchsanstalt Wien 119: 1 - 326" title="Die Scolytidae und Platypodidae Madagaskars und einiger naheliegender Inselgruppen." volume="119" year="1977">Schedl 1977</bibRefCitation>
)) and
<taxonomicName id="37ECF59D9B9C8F989251CF7C4FCCC94A" class="Equisetopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uapaca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="498A25536557C3142C813F28DFC30487" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Uapaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. This is the only
<taxonomicName id="6C5D937A413D7310636E11E14DBCA035" authorityName="Eichhoff" authorityYear="1872" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyloctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyloctonus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F30007FBFBB80D18FC8E6CEC98B653C3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Xyloctonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that cut their egg tunnels parallel to the grain of the wood. Three broods with larvae were dissected from a thin twig of 1 cm thickness and were without parents present. Brood size ranged between 21 and 28 (n = 3).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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