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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.321.5395" ID-GBIF-Dataset="62449b02-83d2-4979-83e9-d361d9e5d46b" ID-PMC="PMC3744145" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-321-35" ID-PubMed="23950689" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-321-35" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 321" ModsDocTitle="Ancyronyx Erichson, 1847 (Coleoptera, Elmidae) from Mindoro, Philippines, with description of the larvae and two new species using DNA sequences for the assignment of the developmental stages" checkinTime="1451247052608" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Freitag, Hendrik" docDate="2013" docId="362B6F255FBDD4CF03315E2BF1153EF3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 321: 35-64" docOrigin="ZooKeys 321" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.321.5395" docTitle="Ancyronyx schillhammeri Jaech 1994" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="FFD5FF99EF32FFD66F03062B864CFFE3" masterDocTitle="Ancyronyx Erichson, 1847 (Coleoptera, Elmidae) from Mindoro, Philippines, with description of the larvae and two new species using DNA sequences for the assignment of the developmental stages" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="35" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1668156292102" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Ancyronyx Erichson, 1847 (Coleoptera, Elmidae) from Mindoro, Philippines, with description of the larvae and two new species using DNA sequences for the assignment of the developmental stages</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Freitag, Hendrik</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>321</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>35</mods:start>
<mods:end>64</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.321.5395</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.321.5395</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-321-35</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152047000" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:362B6F255FBDD4CF03315E2BF1153EF3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/362B6F255FBDD4CF03315E2BF1153EF3" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Ancyronyx_schillhammeri" authority="Jaech, 1994" authorityName="Jaech" authorityYear="1994" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx schillhammeri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schillhammeri">
Ancyronyx schillhammeri
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jäch">Jaech</normalizedToken>
, 1994
</taxonomicName>
Figs 8, 9, 15
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–H">A-H</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx schillhammeri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schillhammeri">Ancyronyx schillhammeri</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jäch">Jaech</normalizedToken>
, 1994: 617-619 (adult description),
<bibRefCitation author="Freitag, H" journalOrPublisher="Philippine Scientist" pageId="27" pageNumber="62" pagination="126 - 173" title="Aquatic Coleoptera and Heteroptera of the Lake Naujan National Park, Mindoro Oriental, the Philippines." url="http://www.philjol.info/philjol/index.php/PSCI/article/view/2424" volume="47" year="2010">Freitag and Pangantihon 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 133-137 (faunistic records).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
1 ♀ [FR029], 1 L (0.61 [FR030]) (ZSM) &quot;PHIL.: Mindoro, San Teodoro, Tukuran Riv.; small lowld.riv.; riffle &amp; run; woodlitter, gravel; sec.veget.; c. 30m asl.,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="13.426111">13°25'34&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="120.976944">120°58'37&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
23.4.1994, leg. Freitag (303a)
<normalizedToken originalValue="M’’">M''</normalizedToken>
; 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (PNM) &quot;PHIL.: Mindoro Oriental, Bongabong, Brgy. Formon, Pastuhan, Tangisan Falls; deep mountain valley, sec. forest, submerged wood, riffle, c. 200 m asl., c.
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="12.716666">12°43'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="121.38333">121°23'E</geoCoordinate>
; 27.10.2011 leg. Freitag (318a)M&quot;; 3 ♂♂ (CFM) &quot;PHIL: Or. Mindoro, Roxas, Bagumbayan, polluted Magugo River; sec.veget.; submerges wood, run; 6m asl., c.
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="12.590833">12°35'27&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="121.51667">121°31'00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 05.6.2000 leg. Freitag &amp; Pangantihon (329c)M&quot;; 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀ (CFM) &quot;PHIL: Or. Mindoro, Roxas, Brgy. San Vicente, Baroc River; subm. wood; gravel flood plains; c.
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="12.618611">12°37'07&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="121.401665">121°24'06&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 90m asl; leg. Freitag 1 Apr.2013 (BRf)M&quot;; 4 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀ (CFM) &quot;PHIL: Or. Mindoro, Roxas, Brgy. San Vicente proper, Taugad River; subm. wood; sec.veget.; c.
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="12.618334">12°37'06&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="121.39694">121°23'49&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 100m asl; leg. Freitag 2 Apr.2013 (TR1f)M&quot;; 5 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (SMTD, ZSM) &quot;PHIL: Or. Mindoro, Roxas, Brgy. San Vicente, Tauga River; subm. wood, run; sec.veget.; c.
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="12.621667">12°37'18&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="121.38278">121°22'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, c. 140m asl; leg. Freitag 28.Nov.2011 (TR2f)M&quot;; 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀ (ZMUC) &quot;PHIL: Or. Mindoro, Roxas, Brgy. San Vicente, Sitio Tauga Diit, Baroc River tributary Tauga Daka; subm. wood in run; sec.veget.; c.
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="12.634722">12°38'05&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="121.32583">121°19'33&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, c. 530m asl; leg. Pangantihon, 23 Jan. 2013 (TDR3f)M&quot;; 1 ♀ (CFM) &quot;PHIL: Or. Mindoro, Roxas, Brgy. San Vicente, Sitio Quirao, Baroc River tributary Hinundugan River; subm. wood; c.
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="12.606389">
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="56" start="start">12</pageBreakToken>
°36'23&quot;N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="121.39139">121°23'29&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, c. 118m asl; leg. Pangantihon, 22 Jan.2013 (HR1f)M&quot;; 1 ♀ (CFM) &quot;PHIL: Oc. Mindoro, San Jose, Brgy.
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Central”">&quot;Central&quot;</normalizedToken>
Purok Tunnel, Busuanga River; rural, cogon gras roots, riffle &amp; run, c. 73 m asl., c.
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="12.464167">12°27'51&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="121.03555">121°02'08&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 07.VI.2012 leg. Freitag &amp; Pangantihon (330b)M&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" type="larval diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="56">Larval diagnosis</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="56">(based on a single presumably sixth instar specimen). Colour in last instar larva predominantly brown as in Fig. 9; dorsal head darkest to almost black at pronotal disc; lateral head, antennae, anterior and lateral pronotal margins, legs (except for tip of claw), lateral abdominal segment margins and conical projections, posterior abdominal tip and areas around the sagittal line (especially thoracic area) distinctly paler, yellowish to pale brown. Ventral side entirely pale except for pale brown gula, maxillae and labium; ventral part of genae conspicuously dark brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="56">HW c. 0.60 mm; entirely c. 3.8 mm long.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="56">
Body shape of the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx variegatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">Ancyronyx variegatus</taxonomicName>
group type, generally very similar to that of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx procerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procerus">Ancyronyx procerus</taxonomicName>
(comp.
<bibRefCitation author="Freitag, H" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="27" pageNumber="62" pagination="47 - 82" title="Larvae and a new species of Ancyronyx Erichson, 1847 (Insecta, Coleoptera, Elmidae) from Palawan, Philippines, using DNA sequences for the assignment of the developmental stages." url="10.3897/zookeys.136.1914" volume="136" year="2011">Freitag and Balke 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 72-75) in the external habitus, except for the following: Posterolateral projections (Figs 9, 15A, B) of abdominal segments
<normalizedToken originalValue="IV–VIII">IV-VIII</normalizedToken>
slightly broader and stouter; spiracles distinctly larger, very prominent; entire lateral margin with distinct long trichoid setae; tubercles much more prominent (especially at dorsal side).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="21" pageNumber="56">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="56">
Figure 15.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx schillhammeri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schillhammeri">Ancyronyx schillhammeri</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jäch">Jaech</normalizedToken>
, 1994, larva (SEM photographs) not to scale): A detail of abdominal segments
<normalizedToken originalValue="II–III">II-III</normalizedToken>
, dorsal, with posterolateral projections and spiracles B detail of abdominal segments
<normalizedToken originalValue="VI–VII">VI-VII</normalizedToken>
, ventral, with posterolateral projections and spiracles C head, dorsal D detail of head and prothorax, ventral E antenna, ventral F maxillae and labium, ventral G pronotum with signa, dorsal H thorax, ventral I abdominal segment IX, dorsal J midleg, ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="57">
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="57" start="start">Head</pageBreakToken>
(Figs 15
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–F">C-F</normalizedToken>
) distinctly widest basally, slightly conical anteriad; without median pointed projection at frons; the pair of sublateral anterior projections between antenna and clypeus rather shallow (Fig. 15C). Frons moderately densely and equally covered with prominent setiferous tubercles; setae very short. Genae rugose, with irregular depressions, ridges, and scattered tubercles (Fig. 15D); lateral glabrous area with stemmata elongately subtriangular (Fig. 15D). Antenna (Fig. 15E) less than half as long as head. Scape short, slightly longer than wide, with subapical fringe of stout sensilla; pedicel cylindrical less than three times as long as scape and c. three times as long as wide, with few apical sensilla; flagellum and sensorium as in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx procerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procerus">Ancyronyx procerus</taxonomicName>
. Ventral side (Fig. 15F) with well-developed longitudinal crests bordering the stipes. Labrum broad, c. 3.5 times as wide as long; lateroapical edges rounded; entire visible dorsal surface with small setiferous tubercles. Maxilla (Fig. 15E, F) almost as in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx procerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procerus">Ancyronyx procerus</taxonomicName>
. Labium (Figs 15E, F) with mentum widest in apical half; pair of moderately long trichoid setae inserted sublaterally at anterior 0.3; some additional trichoid setae present at lateral margin in apical half; pair of apicolateral teeth inserted at a distinct subapical crenation; submentum straight, without conspicuous median ridge, apically broadly concave.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="22" pageNumber="57">
Prothorax (Fig. 15G, H) slightly wider than long; tergum with irregularly shaped and round signa in posterior half; median and submedian pairs clearly defined by bordering tubercles, not fused (Fig. 15G). Venter of prothorax (Fig. 15H) similar to that in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx procerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procerus">
<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="58" start="start">Ancyronyx</pageBreakToken>
procerus
</taxonomicName>
, but anterior sclerites distinctly shorter, oblique, not subtriangular; anterior margin with conspicuous setiferous tubercles; anterior and lateral sclerites partly fused near anterior prothorax margin; transverse sutures dividing the lateral sclerites distinctly ending before lateral margin. Venter of meso- and metathorax (Fig. 15H) with more conspicuous setiferous tubercles particularly at posterior margins of anterior sclerites.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="58">
Legs (Figs 15H, J) proportioned as in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx procerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procerus">Ancyronyx procerus</taxonomicName>
, but tubercles and setae larger and more distinct. Subbasal tooth of claws long and trichoid, overreaching tip of claw.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="58">Abdominal terga (Figs 9, 15A, B, I) with slightly depressed groove along sagittal line at least from 1st up to 4th segment; posterior terga margins with rim of squamose setae. Posterior venter margins with rim of trichoid setae. Segment IX (Fig. 15I) dorsally with shallow sagittal crest formed by densely arranged tubercles bearing large trichoid setae; apex widely rounded to slightly truncate; ventral side rugose, not glabrous. Operculum without longitudinal ridges, entirely rugose and covered with conspicuous scattered setae.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="58" type="larval differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="58">Larval differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="58">
The larvae of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx schillhammeri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schillhammeri">Ancyronyx schillhammeri</taxonomicName>
are easily distinguishable from all other known
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ancyronyx</taxonomicName>
larvae of Mindoro by their larger size, the somewhat dorsoventrally depressed habitus, the much larger and protruding posterolateral appendages, as typical for the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx variegates" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegates">Ancyronyx variegates</taxonomicName>
species group. Among this species group, it resembles the larva of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx procerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procerus">Ancyronyx procerus</taxonomicName>
in colour, but can be clearly distinguished by the absence of the pointed projections at median frons, the more shallow projections between antenna and clypeus, the larger and more protruding spiracles, the conical head shape, and the surfaces of head, thorax, and abdomen that are densely covered with larger tubercles bearing long conspicuous setae. From
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx helgeschneideri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helgeschneideri">Ancyronyx helgeschneideri</taxonomicName>
itis easily distinguishable by the darker colour, the pale dorsosagittal stripe, the dark dorsal abdominal segment IX and the broader and conical head.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="58">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="58">Only known from Oriental Mindoro and one locality of Occidental Mindoro near San Jose.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="58" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="58">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx schillhammeri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schillhammeri">Ancyronyx schillhammeri</taxonomicName>
occurs exclusively on submerged wood. Decaying pale light woods appear to be preferred by the species. At the sites of the Baroc River catchment, which were sampled regularly throughout the year, the abundance of this species was found to increase distinctly towards the end of the dry season (February to April) and declines rapidly with the beginning rainy season, presumably due to wash out. It is found in both habitat types: clean, cool and torrent rhithral creeks and rivers as well as warm, mesosaprobic lowland streams. This suggests less specific ecological requirements in terms of stream hydraulics, water temperature, and water quality.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="23" pageNumber="58">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="58">
Figure 16. Collecting sites of the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Ancyronyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancyronyx" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ancyronyx</taxonomicName>
species in Mindoro Island, including enlarged map of the Baroc River Catchment.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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