485 lines
34 KiB
XML
485 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-207-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="29CD4EF8FB525DBAA022DF25CDB649C9" ModsDocID="1314-2003-207-1" checkinTime="1663699675791" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Couvreur, Thomas L. P., Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J., Crozier, Francoise, Ghogue, Jean-Paul, Hoekstra, Paul H., Kamdem, Narcisse G., Johnson, David M., Murray, Nancy A. & Sonke, Bonaventure" docDate="2022" docId="31B9710F6BE54931C5FD3183C70B0803" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 207: 1-532" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 207" docPubDate="2022-09-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432" docTitle="Xylopia rubescens Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 30 1868" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="29CD4EF8FB525DBAA022DF25CDB649C9" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="29CD4EF8FB525DBAA022DF25CDB649C9" masterDocTitle="Flora of Cameroon - Annonaceae Vol 45" masterLastPageNumber="532" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1663699675791" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Flora of Cameroon - Annonaceae Vol 45</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Couvreur, Thomas L. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8509-6587</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>IRD, DIADE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France & Universite de Yaounde I, Ecole Normale Superieure, Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systematique et d'Ecologie, B. P. 047, Yaounde, Cameroon & Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Botany Section, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">thomas.couvreur@ird.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3270-1544</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>IRD, DIADE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crozier, Francoise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>IRD, DIADE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ghogue, Jean-Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universite de Yaounde I, Ecole Normale Superieure, Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systematique et d'Ecologie, B. P. 047, Yaounde, Cameroon & Green Connexion, Environmental Group, siege face GP Melen, a cote de l'immeuble Palais des verres. Yaounde, Cameroun</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hoekstra, Paul H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Botany Section, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kamdem, Narcisse G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universite de Yaounde I, Ecole Normale Superieure, Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systematique et d'Ecologie, B. P. 047, Yaounde, Cameroon</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Johnson, David M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2896-7419</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Murray, Nancy A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sonke, Bonaventure</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4310-3603</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Universite de Yaounde I, Ecole Normale Superieure, Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systematique et d'Ecologie, B. P. 047, Yaounde, Cameroon</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-09-20</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>207</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>532</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-207-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">29CD4EF8FB525DBAA022DF25CDB649C9</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:31B9710F6BE54931C5FD3183C70B0803" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/31B9710F6BE54931C5FD3183C70B0803" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 30, 1868" authorityName="Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 30" authorityYear="1868" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia rubescens" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubescens">Xylopia rubescens Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 30, 1868</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 151" captionStartId="F170" captionText="Figure 151. Xylopia rubescens A flowering branch B flower, outer petals removed C detail of receptacle, petals removed D outer petal, outer side E inner petal, outer and inner sides F stamen, front view G staminode H carpel, side view and detail of ovules I fruit J detail of venation lower side of leaf K monocarp L seed, side view M part of aril A-H from Le Testu 9019 I from Aubreville 1511 J-M from Klaine 1327. Drawings by Helene Lamourdedieu, Publications Scientifiques du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris; modified from Le Thomas (1969 b; pl. 28, p. 161)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432.figure151" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/745618" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 151</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 19" captionStartId="F169" captionText="Map 19. A Xylopia rubescens B Xylopia staudtii C Xylopia talbotii D Xylopia thomsonii E Xylopia villosa. White borders represent region limits in Cameroon; green patches represent protected areas (see methods and Suppl. material 1: Fig. S 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432.map19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/745617" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">; Map 19A</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopicrum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopicrum rubescens" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubescens">≡ Xylopicrum rubescens</taxonomicName>
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(Oliver) Kuntze, Revis. gen. pl. 1: 8, 1891.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia klaineana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="klaineana">= Xylopia klaineana</taxonomicName>
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Pierre ex Engler & Diels, Monogr. Afrik. Pflanzen-Fam. 6: 59-60. 1901.
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia rubescens subsp. var. var. klaineana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="rubescens" subSpecies="var." variety="klaineana">Xylopia rubescens Oliver var. klaineana</taxonomicName>
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(Engler & Diels) Pellegrin, Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Mém. 31: 70. 1949. Type. Gabon. Without definite locality, Klaine T.-J. 1327, Oct 1898: holotype: P[P00169139]; isotypes: B[B100154150], P[P00169138]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia humilis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">= Xylopia humilis</taxonomicName>
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Engl. & Diels, Monogr. Afrik. Pflanzen.-Fam. 6: 60, 1901. Type. Liberia. Grand Bassa County, Fishtown bei Granbassa,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dinklage M.J. 2006</emphasis>
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, 27 Aug 1898: lectotype, designated by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" author="Johnson, DM" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 252" refId="B163" refString="Johnson, DM, Murray, NA, 2018. A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa. PhytoKeys 97: 1 - 252, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" title="A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" volume="97" year="2018">Johnson and Murray (2018)</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 49: B[B10 0154147]; isotypes: A[A00061927, A00062417]; B[B100154145, B100154146, B1001541480]; K[K000199074, K000199075, K000199076].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia batesii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="batesii">= Xylopia batesii</taxonomicName>
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Engl. & Diels, Monogr. Afrik. Pflanzen.-Fam. 6: 62, 1901. Type. Gabon. Angom, 70 engl. Meilen
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<normalizedToken originalValue="östlich">oestlich</normalizedToken>
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von Gabun, Bates G.L. 561, Oct 1896: holotype: K[K000199058]; isotypes: BM[BM000510769]; G[G00190711]; P[P00169131, P00169132].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia butayei" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="butayei">= Xylopia butayei</taxonomicName>
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De Wild., Ann. Mus. Congo, Bot.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="sér">ser</normalizedToken>
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. 4, 1: 33, 1902. Type. Democratic Republic of the Congo. Kongo Central, Malela (Bas-Congo),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Butaye R. 2239</emphasis>
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, no date: holotype: BR; isotype: BR[BR0000008825391].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia zenkeri" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zenkeri">= Xylopia zenkeri</taxonomicName>
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Engl. & Diels, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 480, 1907. Type. Cameroon. South Province, Bipindi, Zenker G.A. 2827, Mar 1904: holotype B[B 100154149]; isotypes: BM[BM 000511041]; G [00190712, G 00190713]; GOET[GOET 005735]; HBG[HBG 502474]; K[000199060]; L [0196246]; M[M 0107919]; P[P00169131]; S[S 07-13458]; WAG[WAG 0065882]; WU[WU 0025792].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia gossweileri" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gossweileri">= Xylopia gossweileri</taxonomicName>
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Exell, J. Bot. Suppl. 6: 64, 1926. Type. Angola. Cabinda, Pango Munga, Mayumbe,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gossweiler J. 6222</emphasis>
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, no date: holotype: BM[M000511046].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="Thomson W. C." country="Nigeria" location="Rivers state" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rivers state" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry name="Nigeria">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion country="Nigeria" name="Rivers">Rivers state</collectingRegion>
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; Old Calabar,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectorName>Thomson W.C.</collectorName>
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53
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</emphasis>
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, no date:
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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: K[K000199073]
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Tree, up to 30 m tall, d.b.h. up to 70 cm;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stilt roots present, up to 2 m on the trunk.</emphasis>
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Old branches glabrous,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">turning grayish white</emphasis>
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, young branches glabrous to pubescent with appressed golden hairs 0.2-0.5 mm long. Leaves: petiole 5-12 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, grooved, blade inserted on the side of the petiole;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">blade 7.3-21.3 cm long</emphasis>
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, 3.6-8.4 cm wide, oblong, elliptic, or oblanceolate, apex acuminate to cuspidate, acumen 0.2-1.5 cm long, base cuneate to rounded, decurrent, papyraceous to subcoriaceous, below sparsely appressed-pubescent, rarely glabrous, above glabrous,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">strongly discolorous</emphasis>
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; midrib flat to sunken, above glabrous when young and old, below glabrous to sparsely pubescent when young, glabrous when old; secondary veins 8 to 16 pairs, glabrous above; tertiary venation reticulate. Flowers bisexual with 9 perianth parts in 3 whorls. Individuals bisexual; inflorescences ramiflorous on young foliate or more often
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">clustered</emphasis>
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on older leafless branches, axillary, peduncle 1.5-2.5 mm long. Flowers with 9 perianth parts in 3 whorls, 1 to 3 per inflorescence; pedicel 4-9 mm long, ca. 1 mm in diameter, pubescent; in fruit 9-15 mm long, 2-7 mm in diameter, glabrous; bracts (2)3(5), evenly spaced, 1-3 mm long, 1-3 mm wide; sepals 3, valvate, basally fused, 2-4 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, ovate to broadly triangular, apex acute, base truncate, green, sericeous outside, glabrous inside; petals free, outer petals much longer than inner; outer petals 3, 17.6-35 mm long, 2.5-5.1 mm wide at base, linear, apex acute, base broad and concave, yellow, pubescent outside, pubescent and glabrous towards the base inside; inner petals 3, valvate, 3.5-6.7 mm long, 2.2-4.6 mm wide, ovate to rhombic, apex acuminate, base broad and concave, red with cream base and apex, pubescent outside, pubescent and glabrous towards the base inside; stamens 70 to 77, in 4 to 5 rows, ca. 2 mm long, clavate to oblong; connective apex shield-like, glabrous; carpels 4 to 12, ovary 1-2 mm long, stigmas loosely connivent, linear, 1.4-2.9 mm long, with glandular appendages. Monocarps stipitate, stipe 4-20 mm long, 2-6 mm in diameter; monocarps 1 to 15, 41-16 mm long, 6-12 mm wide, narrowly oblong,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">somewhat falciform and strongly torulose to moniliform</emphasis>
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, apex with a distinct beak up to 5 mm long, glabrous, verrucose and wrinkled when dried, black or dark purple outside, endocarp pink to scarlet; seeds 1 to 7 per monocarp,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in a single row</emphasis>
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, 10-20 mm long, 6-11 mm wide, ellipsoid;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sarcotesta absent; aril present, brushlike, unlobed, red to orange.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432.map19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/745617" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Map 19" startId="F169">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Map 19.</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 30" authorityYear="1868" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia rubescens" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylopia rubescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Engl. & Diels, Notizbl. Koenigl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 2: 298" authorityYear="1899" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia staudtii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="staudtii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylopia staudtii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Exell, J. Bot. 69: 98" authorityYear="1931" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia talbotii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="talbotii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylopia talbotii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Oliv., Fl. trop. Afr. 1: 31" authorityYear="1868" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia thomsonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylopia thomsonii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chipp, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew: 183" authorityYear="1923" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia villosa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylopia villosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. White borders represent region limits in Cameroon; green patches represent protected areas (see methods and Suppl. material 1: Fig. S1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432.figure151" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/745618" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 151" startId="F170">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 151.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 30" authorityYear="1868" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia rubescens" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylopia rubescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
flowering branch
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
flower, outer petals removed
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
detail of receptacle, petals removed
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
outer petal, outer side
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
inner petal, outer and inner sides
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
stamen, front view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
staminode
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
carpel, side view and detail of ovules
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
fruit
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||
detail of venation lower side of leaf
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||
monocarp
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||
seed, side view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
|
||
part of aril
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-H</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Le Testu 9019</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aubréville">Aubreville</normalizedToken>
|
||
1511
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J-M</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Klaine 1327.</emphasis>
|
||
Drawings by
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hélène">Helene</normalizedToken>
|
||
Lamourdedieu, Publications Scientifiques du
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muséum">Museum</normalizedToken>
|
||
national
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Histoire">d'Histoire</normalizedToken>
|
||
naturelle, Paris; modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Le Thomas, A" editor="Aubreville, A" journalOrPublisher="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 371" refId="B179" refString="Le Thomas, A, 1969b. Annonacees. In: Aubreville, A, Ed., Flore du Gabon. Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris: 1 - 371" title="Annonacees." volumeTitle="Flore du Gabon." year="1969 b">Le Thomas (1969b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; pl. 28, p. 161).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A widespread species with a disjunct distribution in West Africa, from Guinea-Bissau to Ghana, and in Central Africa from Nigeria to southern South Sudan and south to northern Angola and Mozambique; in Cameroon known from East, South, Littoral and regions.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
A common species, in a range of wetland habitats, including gallery and other riparian forests, swamp forest,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Raphia" order="Arecales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Raphia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
swamps, and pond edges. Altitude 0-900 m a.s.l.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="local and common names known in cameroon">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Local and common names known in Cameroon.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
ntua (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fleury 33135</emphasis>
|
||
), odjobi (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Letouzey 1611</emphasis>
|
||
), odjobi nzam (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Focho, DA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Medicinal Plants Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="2148 - 2158" refId="B120" refString="Focho, DA, Egbe, EA, Chuyong, GB, Fongod, AGN, Fonge, BA, Ndam, WT, Youssoufa, BM, 2010. An ethnobotanical investigation of the Annonaceae on Mount Cameroon. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 4: 2148 - 2158" title="An ethnobotanical investigation of the Annonaceae on Mount Cameroon." volume="4" year="2010">Focho et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="odzobé">odzobe</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fleury 33135</emphasis>
|
||
),
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="ôjobi">ojobi</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bates 1317</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="iucn conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">IUCN conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Least Concern (LC) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T60762300A60762303.en" author="Cosiaux, A" journalOrPublisher="Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B42" refString="Cosiaux, A, Couvreur, TLP, Erkens, RHJ, 2019b. Annickia chlorantha. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T60762300A60762303. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T60762300A60762303.en" title="Annickia chlorantha. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e. T 60762300 A 60762303." url="https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T60762300A60762303.en" year="2019 b">Cosiaux et al. 2019b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
e).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="uses in cameroon">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uses in Cameroon.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None reported.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 30" authorityYear="1868" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia rubescens" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylopia rubescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is readily recognized by the combination of relatively large leaves with decurrent bases, which often have an orange-red color on the lower surface of the leaf in dried specimens, branches with grayish white, narrow flowers that are often clustered on leafless porolder branches, and distinctly torulose to moniliform monocarps. Throughout its wide range it is a wetland species, and one of the few
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="L., Systema Naturae ed. 10, 2: 1250" authorityYear="1759" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylopia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with stilt roots. The short inner petals and brushlike arils distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. rubescens" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rubescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. rubescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. aethiopica" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aethiopica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. aethiopica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with which it is sometimes confused.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">East Region</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1904-01-01" collectingDateMax="1975-04-11" collectingDateMin="1904-01-01" collectorName="Marecage du Niagoul, Letouzey R., Fleury F., Aubreville A., Bates G. L., de Wilde J. J. F. E, Zenker G. A., Vuneli, Hedin L." county="Unknown region" latitude="3.08" location="Marecage du Niagoul" longLatPrecision="784" longitude="10.41" municipality="South Region" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:31B9710F6BE54931C5FD3183C70B0803:935345814D2E564915CF09A5B1F5F99F" county="Unknown region" latitude="3.08" longLatPrecision="784" longitude="10.41" municipality="South Region" name="Marecage du Niagoul">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Marécage">Marecage</normalizedToken>
|
||
du Niagoul
|
||
</location>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
<locationDeviation firstLocation="Koumbou" secondLocation="Miambo">entre Koumbou et Miambo</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.27" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="4.27">4.27°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="12.9" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5555" value="12.9">12.9°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingDate value="1959-04-13">13 April 1959</collectingDate>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Letouzey R.</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
1611 (P,YA).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:31B9710F6BE54931C5FD3183C70B0803:68C451BDA4F9F07A5A090F5B9392D57E" county="Unknown region" latitude="3.08" longLatPrecision="784" longitude="10.41" municipality="South Region" name="Littoral Region">Littoral Region</location>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Duala,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.05" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="4.05">4.05°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9.71" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="9.71">9.71°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingDate value="1917-06-01">01 June 1917</collectingDate>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Fleury F.</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
33135 (P).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>South Region</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Batanga,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="2.86" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="2.86">2.86°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9.889" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="9.889">9.889°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingDate value="1945-09-20">20 September 1945</collectingDate>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aubréville">Aubreville</normalizedToken>
|
||
A.
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
125 (P); Bitye Yaunde,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="3.02" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="3.02">3.02°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="12.37" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="12.37">12.37°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingDate value="1919-01-01">01 January 1919</collectingDate>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Bates G.L.</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
1317 (BM,MO);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="N´Koemvone">N'Koemvone</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="2.8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="2.8">2.8°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="11.13" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="11.13">11.13°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingDate value="1975-04-11">11 April 1975</collectingDate>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>de Wilde J.J.F.E</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
8166 (B,BR,K,MO,P,WAG,YA);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Près">Pres</normalizedToken>
|
||
Akok
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bikélé">Bikele</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="3.8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="3.8">3.8°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="12.7" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5555" value="12.7">12.7°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingDate value="1962-03-03">03 March 1962</collectingDate>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Letouzey R.</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
4464 (YA); Bipindi,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="3.08" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="3.08">3.08°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.41" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="10.41">10.41°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingDate value="1904-01-01">01 January 1904</collectingDate>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Zenker G.A.</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
2827 (G,L,M,WAG).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCounty>Unknown region</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Vuneli</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingDate value="1928-02-01">01 February 1928</collectingDate>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hédin">Hedin</normalizedToken>
|
||
L.
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
1668 (P, OWU)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |