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<document ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6971356" approvalRequired="59" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="59" checkinTime="1659882917898" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Beck, Robin M. D., Voss, Robert S. &amp; Jansa, Sharon A." docDate="2022" docId="03EFDD5DF77B6968D97CFEFB181EFE58" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHist.2022.457.1-350.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2022 (457)" docSource="https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-457/issue-1/0003-0090.457.1.1/Craniodental-Morphology-and-Phylogeny-of-Marsupials/10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1.full" docStyle="DocumentStyle:915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6.8:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleId="915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Pichipilus undetermined" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="320" masterDocId="FFD6A525F63B6829DA0BFFAE1A62FFC7" masterDocTitle="Craniodental Morphology And Phylogeny Of Marsupials" masterLastPageNumber="353" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="320" updateTime="1659987007554" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title>Craniodental Morphology And Phylogeny Of Marsupials</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Beck, Robin M. D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>School of Science, Engineering and Environment University of Salford, U. K. &amp; School of Biological, Earth &amp; Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales, Australia &amp; Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Jansa, Sharon A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Bell Museum and Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-06-28</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>2022</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>457</mods:number>
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<mods:url>https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-457/issue-1/0003-0090.457.1.1/Craniodental-Morphology-and-Phylogeny-of-Marsupials/10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1.full</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0003-0090</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6971356</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6974446" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6974446" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFDD5DF77B6968D97CFEFB181EFE58" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EFDD5DF77B6968D97CFEFB181EFE58" lastPageId="321" lastPageNumber="320" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">
<subSubSection box="[887,1010,341,365]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="320.[887,1010,341,365]" box="[887,1010,341,365]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">
<heading box="[887,1010,341,365]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" reason="4">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[887,1010,341,365]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">
<taxonomicName box="[899,1010,341,365]" class="Mammalia" family="Caenolestidae" genus="Pichipilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[899,1010,341,365]" italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">Pichipilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="320" pageNumber="320" type="synonymic_list">
<paragraph blockId="320.[684,1216,391,1738]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">
SPECIES SCORED: †
<emphasis box="[939,1141,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Abello" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[939,1046,391,415]" class="Mammalia" family="Caenolestidae" genus="Pichipilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pichipilus</taxonomicName>
osborni
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus box="[1162,1212,391,415]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">type</typeStatus>
species), †
<taxonomicName authorityName="Marshall &amp; Pascual" authorityYear="1977" box="[797,927,424,448]" class="Mammalia" family="Caenolestidae" genus="Pichipilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
<emphasis box="[797,927,424,448]" italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">P. centinelus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, †
<emphasis box="[954,1036,425,448]" italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">P. riggsi</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="320" pageNumber="320" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="320.[684,1216,391,1738]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">
GEOLOGICAL PROVENANCE OF SCORED
<collectionCode box="[684,743,490,514]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">SPECIMENS</collectionCode>
: Santa Cruz Formation,
<collectingRegion country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">Santa Cruz Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry box="[752,865,523,547]" name="Argentina" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(†
<emphasis box="[904,1108,523,547]" italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Abello" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[904,1012,523,547]" class="Mammalia" family="Caenolestidae" genus="Pichipilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pichipilus</taxonomicName>
osborni
</emphasis>
and †
<taxonomicName authorityName="Marshall &amp; Pascual" authorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" family="Caenolestidae" genus="Pichipilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">P. centinelus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Sarmiento Formation, Colué-Huapí Member, Gran Barranca,
<collectingRegion box="[1003,1207,589,613]" country="Argentina" name="Chubut" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">Chubut Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry box="[684,793,622,646]" name="Argentina" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(†
<emphasis box="[824,906,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">P. riggsi</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="320" pageNumber="320" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="320.[684,1216,391,1738]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">
AGE OF SCORED SPECIMENS: Examined specimens of †
<emphasis box="[789,978,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Abello" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[789,892,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Caenolestidae" genus="Pichipilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pichipilus</taxonomicName>
osborni
</emphasis>
and †
<taxonomicName authorityName="Marshall &amp; Pascual" authorityYear="1977" box="[1044,1173,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Caenolestidae" genus="Pichipilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
<emphasis box="[1044,1173,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">P. centinelus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are from “Notohippidian” (“Notohippidense”) sites in the
<collectingRegion box="[761,886,755,779]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
Formation, which appear to represent the early part of the Santacrucian
<collectionCode box="[684,775,821,845]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">SALMA</collectionCode>
(about1419 Mya; see †
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[1069,1205,821,845]" class="Mammalia" family="Caenolestidae" genus="Stilotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1069,1205,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">Stilotherium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, above). By contrast, the Colué-Huapí fauna of the Sarmiento Formation, the
<typeStatus box="[1022,1069,887,911]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">type</typeStatus>
fauna of the Colhuehuapian
<collectionCode box="[857,946,920,944]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">SALMA</collectionCode>
and source of our material of †
<emphasis box="[769,851,954,977]" italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">P. riggsi</emphasis>
, is estimated to span the interval from 20.0 to 20.4 Mya (i.e., early Miocene) based on radiometric and magnetostratigraphic evidence (Ré et al., 2010).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="320.[684,1216,391,1738]" box="[716,1197,1085,1110]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">
ASSIGNED AGE
<collectionCode box="[887,964,1085,1109]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">RANGE</collectionCode>
:
<geoCoordinate box="[978,1051,1085,1109]" degrees="20.400" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" precision="55" value="20.4">20.400</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate box="[1050,1135,1085,1109]" degrees="14.000" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" precision="55" value="-14.0">14.000</geoCoordinate>
Mya.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="321" lastPageNumber="321" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="320.[684,1216,391,1738]" lastBlockId="321.[108,636,226,415]" lastPageId="321" lastPageNumber="321" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">
REMARKS: The
<typeStatus box="[901,1000,1118,1142]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">holotype</typeStatus>
and only known specimen of †
<taxonomicName authorityName="Marshall &amp; Pascual" authorityYear="1977" box="[839,1055,1151,1175]" class="Mammalia" family="Caenolestidae" genus="Pichipilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
<emphasis box="[839,1055,1151,1175]" italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">Pichipilus centinelus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a partial cranium and associated partial left mandible (MLP- 68-I-17-204) described by Marshall and Pascual (1977; see also Goin et al., 2003, 2007b), is one of only a handful of fossil paucituberculatan skulls currently known. Conflicting opinions have been expressed as to whether this specimen preserves evidence of an anteorbital vacuity between the nasal, frontal, and maxillary bones, a distinctive cranial feature that is unique to caenolestids among extant marsupials (Thomas, 1895; Osgood, 1921, 1924; Bublitz, 1987; Patterson and Gallardo, 1987; Goin et al., 2003, 2007; Abello, 2007). Most of our character data for †
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Abello" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[697,800,1614,1638]" class="Mammalia" family="Caenolestidae" genus="Pichipilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="320" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[697,800,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">Pichipilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is based on MLP-68-I-17-204. However, we also used specimens of †
<emphasis box="[1098,1212,1647,1671]" italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">P. osborni</emphasis>
(known only from the
<typeStatus box="[941,1039,1680,1704]" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">holotype</typeStatus>
, a partial mandible) and †
<emphasis box="[814,896,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="320" pageNumber="320">P. riggsi</emphasis>
for scoring dental characters (see Abello, 2007). †
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Abello" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[344,449,226,250]" class="Mammalia" family="Caenolestidae" genus="Pichipilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="321" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[344,449,226,250]" italics="true" pageId="321" pageNumber="321">Pichipilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was referred by Goin et al. (2009a) to the family †
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Marshall" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[497,632,259,283]" class="Mammalia" family="Pichipilidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="321" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pichipilidae</taxonomicName>
, which falls within the larger clade Palaeothentoidea in recent large-scale phylogenetic analyses of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1894" box="[108,294,358,382]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="321" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Paucituberculata</taxonomicName>
(Abello, 2013; Rincón et al., 2015; Engelman et al., 2016; Abello et al., 2020).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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