153 lines
16 KiB
XML
153 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="7DD836F042AC486F8AD760D55C124979" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.214931" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f8adc513-b9e0-46bb-a2fa-1d7f3853af5a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="214931" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460539123467" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Oberprieler, Stefanie K., Rasnitsyn, Alexandr P. & Brothers, Denis J." docDate="2012" docId="03A58783BC7C627EFF4FFB21FE2AFE3F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03503p054.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3503" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Gulgonga Oberprieler, Rasnitsyn & Brothers, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="FF9CFFFBBC7E627DFFD8FFA3FFDEFFB8" masterDocTitle="The first wasps from the Upper Jurassic of Australia (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea, Praeaulacidae)" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1698316779807" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EB3CD2F92906E1569A2834DA5382169B">
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<mods:title id="F038812263A6000A990DB54D587855D2">The first wasps from the Upper Jurassic of Australia (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea, Praeaulacidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A2383CFE2D1FFE661871DB8B57FC8CDF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="212072AF8B988DC9CB829DBAF54ABD61">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0516EBCB5BF9C4925F489E54CE536C51">Oberprieler, Stefanie K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="90A39B1D916554E18DD30D14B7AFC03F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2ADB5D334B5C322CE96CFDB4C319D5C6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8EAC11789AD18A6B50390098DFB3B371">Rasnitsyn, Alexandr P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="BAAD09F57834E28E7C604BBEE00A5D35" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F07713874201EAFDB3DC75F4D3385232">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="419C220AC7462FEB74174AABBB774AB3">Brothers, Denis J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="891989EB841C8794AACF565A14D841D6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7F726AF5FF33E873AE65C14B03477938">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E7702FB137B40978806C17EBB798E8B0">
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<mods:date id="9296A2BC1600AFC510D0CEF4FDE70F2B">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C9477C3E1DE201BD83890B399C544E01" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E5F83C9027237F13A8EF27D9F0233887">3503</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="9395E0697736922AC3C089C683E8484B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2875C76FB06D8AFEE7A3A620953464BD" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.214931</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FBA0452645F6D1BED30565DBEAF6272E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A0A82096C50E48078A1FA50947DB4B18" type="Zenodo-Dep">214931</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A58783BC7C627EFF4FFB21FE2AFE3F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6166040" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119528144" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6166040" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:59AC12DD-5382-4E9A-8C64-0C9087BB951A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A58783BC7C627EFF4FFB21FE2AFE3F" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection id="C316651EBC7C627FFF4FFB21FC43FB24" box="[151,925,1154,1180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB33695BC7C627FFF4FFB21FC43FB24" blockId="2.[151,925,1154,1180]" box="[151,925,1154,1180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="D0FB81F9BC7C627FFF4FFB21FC43FB24" bold="true" box="[151,925,1154,1180]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFF4FFB21FC43FB24" bold="true" box="[151,925,1154,1180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D16BC7C627FFF36FB21FCFCFB24" authority="Oberprieler, Rasnitsyn & Brothers" authorityName="Oberprieler, Rasnitsyn & Brothers" box="[238,802,1154,1180]" class="Insecta" family="Praeaulacidae" genus="Gulgonga" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFF36FB21FEB9FB24" bold="true" box="[238,359,1154,1180]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Gulgonga</emphasis>
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Oberprieler, Rasnitsyn & Brothers
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24B57FCBC7C627FFCF7FB21FC43FB24" box="[815,925,1154,1180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C316651EBC7C627FFF4FFB69FC2DFB5A" box="[151,1011,1225,1250]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB33695BC7C627FFF4FFB69FC2DFB5A" blockId="2.[151,1437,1225,2032]" box="[151,1011,1225,1250]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFF4FFB69FEF5FB5A" bold="true" box="[151,299,1225,1250]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
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<typeStatus id="54B78837BC7C627FFF4FFB69FF0CFB5A" box="[151,210,1226,1250]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D16BC7C627FFEE1FB6AFC50FB59" authority="Oberprieler, Rasnitsyn & Brothers" authorityName="Oberprieler, Rasnitsyn & Brothers" box="[313,910,1225,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Praeaulacidae" genus="Gulgonga" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beattiei" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFEE1FB6AFDDAFB59" box="[313,516,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Gulgonga beattiei</emphasis>
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Oberprieler, Rasnitsyn & Brothers
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24B57FCBC7C627FFC41FB69FC2DFB5A" box="[921,1011,1226,1250]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFC41FB69FC2DFB5A" bold="true" box="[921,1011,1226,1250]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C316651EBC7C627FFF1FFB4EFB76FA90" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BB33695BC7C627FFF1FFB4EFB76FA90" blockId="2.[151,1437,1225,2032]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFF1FFB4EFE90FABD" bold="true" box="[199,334,1261,1285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Etymology.</emphasis>
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Named after the town of Gulgong, which is located
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<quantity id="4CF49B70BC7C627FFC7FFB4EFC31FABD" box="[935,1007,1261,1285]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
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south-west of the Talbragar Fish Bed fossil site and has served as the base for the excavators during recent years; gender feminine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C316651EBC7C627FFF1FFA90FDB6FA45" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB33695BC7C627FFF1FFA90FCB0FA61" blockId="2.[151,1437,1225,2032]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFF1FFA90FE9FFAF4" bold="true" box="[199,321,1331,1356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Generalised representative of the subfamily Praeaulacinae except metasoma widely rounded basally, even wider than in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D16BC7C627FFE12FAF4FCF2FAD7" authority="Rasnitsyn, 1972" authorityName="Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1972" box="[458,812,1367,1391]" class="Insecta" family="Praeaulacidae" genus="Praeaulacinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFE12FAF4FDB0FAD7" box="[458,622,1367,1391]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Praeaulacinus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9D4B64BC7C627FFDACFAF4FCF2FAD7" author="Rasnitsyn" box="[628,812,1367,1391]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" refString="Rasnitsyn A. P. (1972) Praeaulacidae (Hymenoptera) from the Upper Jurassic of Karatau. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal, 1, 72 - 87 [in Russian, translated into English as ' Late Jurassic Hymenopterous insects (Praeaulacidae) of Karatau' in Paleontological Journal, 6, 62 - 77]." type="journal article" year="1972">Rasnitsyn, 1972</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the only other genus with the metasomal base rounded (neither triangular nor tubular), with first metasomal tergum wider than head (narrower than that in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D16BC7C627FFF4FFA3DFEE4FA0E" box="[151,314,1438,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Praeaulacidae" genus="Praeaulacinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFF4FFA3DFEE4FA0E" box="[151,314,1438,1462]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Praeaulacinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); size large, with forewing ca.
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<quantity id="4CF49B70BC7C627FFD78FA3DFD3DFA0E" box="[672,739,1438,1462]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
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long (unlike
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFCA6FA3DFBF6FA0E" box="[894,1064,1438,1462]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D16BC7C627FFCA6FA3DFBFAFA0E" box="[894,1060,1438,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Praeaulacidae" genus="Praeaulacinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Praeaulacinus</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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1.9–2.5 mm), antennae setiform (narrowing towards acute apex) and long (longer than forewing).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB33695BC7C627FFF1FFA46FDB6FA45" blockId="2.[151,1437,1225,2032]" box="[199,616,1509,1534]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFF1FFA46FE4DFA46" bold="true" box="[199,403,1509,1534]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Species included.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54B78837BC7C627FFE42FA45FE0CFA46" box="[410,466,1510,1534]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Type</typeStatus>
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species only.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C316651EBC7C627EFF1FF9AAFE2AFE3F" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BB33695BC7C627FFF1FF9AAFDABF848" blockId="2.[151,1437,1225,2032]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFF1FF9AAFEE5F999" bold="true" box="[199,315,1545,1569]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</emphasis>
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Assignment of
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFDD1F9AAFDA7F999" box="[521,633,1545,1569]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Gulgonga</emphasis>
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to the family
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D16BC7C627FFCE4F9ABFC09F998" box="[828,983,1544,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Praeaulacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Praeaulacidae</taxonomicName>
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is not unequivocal. Among Jurassic hymenopterons, it shares a combination of four features with only
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D16BC7C627FFC46F98FFBEEF9FC" box="[926,1072,1580,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Ephialtitidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ephialtitidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D16BC7C627FFBE6F98FFA42F9FC" authority="Cleistogastrinae" authorityName="Cleistogastrinae" box="[1086,1436,1580,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Megalyridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Megalyridae (Cleistogastrinae)</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D16BC7C627FFF1FF9ECFEB9F9DF" box="[199,359,1615,1639]" class="Insecta" family="Praeaulacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Praeaulacidae</taxonomicName>
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: (i) medial mesonotal suture well developed, (ii) forewing venation moderately complete (with only SC, RS2, 1r-rs, 2A and interanal crossvein absent, compared with the hymenopteran groundplan), (iii) metasomal attachment apparently of apocritan
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<typeStatus id="54B78837BC7C627FFD11F939FD22F90A" box="[713,764,1690,1714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
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, (iv) external ovipositor long. Among these three taxa,
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFF4FF91EFED9F96D" box="[151,263,1725,1749]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Gulgonga</emphasis>
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differs from all known Cleistogastrinae in having the forewing with 2–3r-m cell longer (Cleistrogastrinae with wings shorter and wider, with 3r-m cell less than 1.5 times as long as high). Unlike
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7C627FFF4FF8A7FED9F8A4" box="[151,263,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Gulgonga</emphasis>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D16BC7C627FFECCF8A0FE7DF8A3" box="[276,419,1795,1819]" class="Insecta" family="Ephialtitidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ephialtitidae</taxonomicName>
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retain 2A and the interanal crossvein (except rare forms with a short ovipositor and a distal position of cu-a with respect to the base of M).
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D16BC7C627FFD66F884FC87F887" box="[702,857,1831,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Praeaulacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Praeaulacidae</taxonomicName>
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are unique among Jurassic Apocrita in having the metasoma attached high, with much of the posterior propodeal face extending below the metasomal attachment (see
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9D4B64BC7C627FFF0BF8CDFDC9F83E" author="Rasnitsyn" box="[211,535,1902,1926]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" refString="Rasnitsyn, A. P. & Zhang, H. (2010) Early evolution of Apocrita (Insecta, Hymenoptera) as indicated by new findings in the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, NE China. Acta Geologica Sinica, 84, 834 - 873." type="journal article" year="2010">Rasnitsyn & Zhang (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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for details). Unfortunately the present fossil is preserved in an obliquely dorsoventral position, which prevents identification of the position of the metasomal attachment. Nevertheless, the balance of available evidence suggests that its best placement is in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D16BC7C627FFC48F816FBF0F875" box="[912,1070,1973,1997]" class="Insecta" family="Praeaulacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Praeaulacidae</taxonomicName>
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, which may however need to be revised if more complete fossils are found.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB33695BC7D627EFF1FFF34FE2AFE3F" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,391]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
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Within
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D16BC7D627EFEFCFF34FD99FF08" authority="Gulgonga" authorityName="Gulgonga" box="[292,583,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Praeaulacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
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Praeaulacidae,
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<emphasis id="B978EA87BC7D627EFE0FFF3BFD99FF08" box="[471,583,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Gulgonga</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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conforms well with the diagnosis of Praeaulacinae, possessing long, polymerous antennae with smooth contours (the flagellum showing no boundaries between individual flagellomeres), forewings with a comparatively narrow pterostigma (neither widely triangular nor semicircular), the M+Cu fork much closer to the pterostigma than to the wing base, 2–3r-m and probably 2m-cu present, 3r cell not very wide and 2A absent, and hindwings with C absent. Unfortunately the poor preservation of the only known specimen renders the phylogenetic position of the genus obscure, even though its generic distinction from other Praeaulacinae is beyond doubt.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |