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<document id="B1A920B64E723843BB8563E5E168D911" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.208677" ID-GBIF-Dataset="75cbad61-d248-413c-9575-cf9de777319f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="208677" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460559972897" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nielsen, Jørgen G., Schwarzhans, Werner &amp; Cohen, Daniel M." docDate="2012" docId="EB64193EE231A34186A8F82DFCFD0823" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03579p036.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3579" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Saccogaster hawaii Cohen &amp; Nielsen 1972" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="175D6146E238A34A863FFE79FF8C0A7C" masterDocTitle="Revision of Hastatobythites and Saccogaster (Teleostei, Bythitidae) with three new species and a new genus" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1698320134232" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="C6A41244BCB6089F0FFEB874D46BFE5F">Revision of Hastatobythites and Saccogaster (Teleostei, Bythitidae) with three new species and a new genus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4B4C8A702D216B30939A83B4CC71E2FE">Nielsen, Jørgen G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="00B27A006E4957BED8901D594FFBCB6B">Schwarzhans, Werner</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="869D9EE0E812C400DCBAC272866FCCBE">Cohen, Daniel M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="18909F2F470C9C888C44B09244C35CE2">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="EB64193EE231A34186A8F82DFCFD0823" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6175248" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119556546" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6175248" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB64193EE231A34186A8F82DFCFD0823" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EB64193EE231A34186A8F82DFCFD0823" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<paragraph id="6372A828E231A34386A8F82DFD290C12" blockId="9.[151,677,1620,1679]" box="[151,677,1620,1646]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="383A1F44E231A34386A8F82DFD290C12" bold="true" box="[151,677,1620,1646]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="A4CDD3ABE231A34386A8F82DFD290C12" ID-CoL="4TX2L" authority="Cohen &amp; Nielsen, 1972" authorityName="Cohen &amp; Nielsen" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,677,1620,1646]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bythitidae" genus="Saccogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawaii">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE231A34386A8F82DFD290C12" bold="true" box="[151,677,1620,1646]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE231A34386A8F82DFE0D0C12" bold="true" box="[151,385,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Saccogaster hawaii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="075CD5D9E231A34387B7F82DFD290C12" author="Cohen" box="[392,677,1620,1646]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Cohen, D. M. &amp; Nielsen, J. G. (1972) A review of the viviparous ophidioid fishes of the genus Saccogaster. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 85 (39), 445 - 468." type="journal article" year="1972">Cohen &amp; Nielsen, 1972</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6372A828E231A34386A8F80EFE410CF3" blockId="9.[151,677,1620,1679]" box="[151,461,1655,1679]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<figureCitation id="FBF6B4ADE231A34386A8F80EFF680CF3" box="[151,228,1655,1679]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1034,1057]" captionTargetBox="[304,1286,763,1008]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[290,1296,746,1008]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Saccogaster hawaii, holotype, USNM 207355, SL 69 mm (from Cohen &amp; Nielsen 1972)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208682/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBF6B4ADE231A34386CEF80EFE8D0CF3" box="[241,257,1655,1679]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[165,1427,1132,1833]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,1107,1855]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Saccogaster hawaii, holotype: A—Lateral view of head. B—Lateral radiograph of head (photo S. Raredon). C—Dorsal view of head. D—Anterior right gill arch." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208683/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBF6B4ADE231A3438732F80EFEA70CF3" box="[269,299,1655,1679]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1767,1790]" captionTargetBox="[161,1424,1103,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,1073,1753]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 25. Geographic distribution of Hastatobythites and Saccogaster in the Indo-West Pacific. Each marking may represent more than one locality." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208702/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">25</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="2E4F9D93E231A3438708F80EFE190CF3" box="[311,405,1655,1679]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,1157,1181]" captionTargetBox="[165,1351,1217,2019]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Meristic characters of Hastatobythites, Parasaccogaster n. gen. and Saccogaster" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/37B2F8A0E23AA34886A8FAFCFBEA0EE1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" tableUuid="37B2F8A0E23AA34886A8FAFCFBEA0EE1">Tables 1</tableCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="2E4F9D93E231A343879CF80EFE3F0CF3" box="[419,435,1655,1679]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,239,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Meristic characters of Hastatobythites, Parasaccogaster n. gen. and Saccogaster." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">2</tableCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="2E4F9D93E231A3438780F80EFE410CF3" box="[447,461,1655,1679]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[165,1386,208,1519]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 4. Meristic and morphometric characters of Saccogaster brayi, S. hawaii and S. horrida." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/37B2F8A0E231A34386A8FEEEFB280AD3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" tableUuid="37B2F8A0E231A34386A8FEEEFB280AD3">4</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="6372A828E231A34386A8F8B9FA1A0CA8" blockId="9.[151,1430,1727,1749]" box="[151,1430,1727,1749]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="43DD8F06E231A34386A8F8B9FA1A0CA8" box="[151,1430,1727,1749]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="A4CDD3ABE231A34386A8F8B9FD0C0CA9" ID-CoL="4TX2L" authority="Cohen &amp; Nielsen 1972: 455" authorityName="Cohen &amp; Nielsen" authorityPageNumber="455" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,640,1727,1749]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bythitidae" genus="Saccogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawaii">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE231A34386A8F8B9FED20CA9" box="[151,350,1727,1749]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Saccogaster hawaii</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="E26C8E39E231A343875BF8C6FD0C0CA9" author="Cohen" box="[356,640,1727,1749]" page="455" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="075CD5D9E231A343875BF8C6FDDC0CA8" author="Cohen" box="[356,592,1727,1749]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Cohen, D. M. &amp; Nielsen, J. G. (1972) A review of the viviparous ophidioid fishes of the genus Saccogaster. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 85 (39), 445 - 468." type="journal article" year="1972">Cohen &amp; Nielsen 1972</bibRefCitation>
: 455
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, figs. 1, 3 (
<typeStatus id="BC76168AE231A34384CFF8C6FC910CA8" box="[752,797,1727,1748]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
locality: off Maui, Hawaian Islands);
<treatmentCitation id="E26C8E39E231A34382A1F8C6FA1F0CA8" author="Nielsen" box="[1182,1427,1727,1749]" page="109" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="075CD5D9E231A34382A1F8C6FAEC0CA8" author="Nielsen" box="[1182,1376,1727,1749]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Nielsen, J. G., Cohen, D. M., Markle, D. F. &amp; Robins, C. R. (1999) Ophidiiform fishes of the world (Order Ophidiiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of pearlfishes, cusk-eels, brotulas and other ophidiiform fishes known to date. FAO Species Catalogue, 18. FAO Fish. Synopsis, 125 (18), 178 pp." type="book" year="1999">
Nielsen
<emphasis id="51B9743AE231A34382CEF8B9FAA80CA9" box="[1265,1316,1727,1749]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
: 109
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BD7FBA3E231A34386A8F978FF5A0D1D" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6372A828E231A34386A8F978FF5A0D1D" blockId="9.[151,1436,1793,2033]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE231A34386A8F978FEF70D66" bold="true" box="[151,379,1793,1818]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Material examined</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="75CB63A1E231A34387B0F978FD9D0D65" box="[399,529,1793,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="A43505CDE231A3438420F978FDFC0D65" box="[543,624,1793,1817]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="69.0">69 mm</quantity>
SL).
<typeStatus id="BC76168AE231A343848DF978FC920D65" box="[690,798,1793,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="05DC30EDE231A3438514F978FCF00D65" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[811,892,1793,1817]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">USNM</collectionCode>
207355, female,
<quantity id="A43505CDE231A343827AF978FB1A0D65" box="[1093,1174,1793,1817]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="69.0">69 mm</quantity>
SL, off Maui,
<taxonomicName id="A4CDD3ABE231A343837BF978FA140D65" box="[1348,1432,1793,1817]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bythitidae" genus="Saccogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawaii">Hawaii</taxonomicName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="06F9CEEFE231A34386A8F95FFF750D42" box="[151,249,1830,1854]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="21.0">21°00N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="06F9CEEFE231A3438736F95FFEF20D42" box="[265,382,1830,1854]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-156.78334">156°47W</geoCoordinate>
, R/V Townsend Cromwell, st. 4062, bottom trawl, bottom temp. 15.9°C,
<quantity id="A43505CDE231A34382DAF95FFABD0D42" box="[1253,1329,1830,1854]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="234.0">234 m</quantity>
,
<date id="17738EE8E231A343837FF95FFF5F0D1D" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1968-11-19">19 Nov. 1968</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BD7FBA3E231A34086F8F914FB270B60" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="6372A828E231A34086F8F914FE410A8B" blockId="9.[151,1436,1793,2033]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,692]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE231A34386F8F914FECD0DFA" bold="true" box="[199,321,1901,1926]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A4CDD3ABE231A3438774F916FDA60DFA" box="[331,554,1902,1926]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bythitidae" genus="Saccogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawaii">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE231A3438774F916FDA60DFA" box="[331,554,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Saccogaster hawaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from all other
<taxonomicName id="A4CDD3ABE231A343850BF916FC310DFA" box="[820,957,1903,1926]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bythitidae" genus="Saccogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE231A343850BF916FC310DFA" box="[820,957,1903,1926]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Saccogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species by the opercular spine ending in three prongs. Also the following combination of characters is diagnostic: A pair of sub-dermal spines on frontal behind and above eyes, median sub-dermal ethmoidal spine in front of eyes with forward pointed tip; three developed rakers on anterior gill arch hardly longer than the knobs, extremely small filaments on anterior gill arch; scales absent on predorsal and present on median part of body; thin, transparent skin; palatines with single row of teeth; elongate pectoral peduncle longer than high; precaudal vertebrae 18 and total vertebrae 54; fin rays in dorsal 92, anal 55 and pectoral 22.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6372A828E232A34086F8FF7AFB270B60" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,692]" box="[199,1195,259,284]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE232A34086F8FF7AFEC80B60" bold="true" box="[199,324,259,284]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Similarity.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A4CDD3ABE232A3408774FF7CFDAB0B60" box="[331,551,260,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bythitidae" genus="Saccogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawaii">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE232A3408774FF7CFDAB0B60" box="[331,551,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Saccogaster hawaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems most similar to
<taxonomicName id="A4CDD3ABE232A3408517FF7CFC1E0B60" box="[808,914,260,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bythitidae" genus="Saccogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brayae">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE232A3408517FF7CFC1E0B60" box="[808,914,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. brayae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see comparison above).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BD7FBA3E232A34186F8FF5EFE3D086B" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
<paragraph id="6372A828E232A34086F8FF5EFC790836" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,692]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE232A34086F8FF5EFED50B3C" bold="true" box="[199,345,295,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Description.</emphasis>
The principal meristic and morphometric characters are shown in
<tableCitation id="2E4F9D93E232A3408244FF5EFB5A0B43" box="[1147,1238,295,319]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[165,1386,208,1519]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 4. Meristic and morphometric characters of Saccogaster brayi, S. hawaii and S. horrida." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/37B2F8A0E231A34386A8FEEEFB280AD3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" tableUuid="37B2F8A0E231A34386A8FEEEFB280AD3">Table 4</tableCitation>
. Head and body elongate and compressed with tapering caudal part and blunt snout. Scales absent from predorsal part and from band along bases of dorsal and anal fins. Anteriormost scales widely scattered, those more posteriorly positioned closely spaced and on rear of body regularly imbricate. Lateral line indistinct. Dorsal fin origin above distal part of pectoral peduncle, anal fin origin well behind midpoint of fish and pelvic fins inserted below hind margin of opercle, ending below middle of pectoral fin. Anterior gill arch (
<figureCitation id="FBF6B4ADE232A34085A9FFB7FC510B9A" box="[918,989,462,486]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[165,1427,1132,1833]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,1107,1855]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Saccogaster hawaii, holotype: A—Lateral view of head. B—Lateral radiograph of head (photo S. Raredon). C—Dorsal view of head. D—Anterior right gill arch." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208683/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
D) with three barely developed rakers scarcely longer than the three spiny knobs on upper branch and the knobs on lower branch. Very short gill filaments on anterior arch. No pseudobranchial filaments observed. No intromittent organ developed so it is probably an immature female. A pair of elongate gonads visible through transparent skin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6372A828E232A34086F8FC2DFC0108C8" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,692]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Axial skeleton (from radiographs): Number of precaudal vertebrae 18. Anterior neural spine very short. Neural spines 24 long, depressed and with pointed tips. Neural spines 518 with short, blunt spines. Parapophyses developed on vertebrae 718. Pleural ribs distinct on vertebrae 36.</paragraph>
<caption id="37B2F8A0E232A34086A8FA73FB2F0E5D" box="[151,1187,1034,1057]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208682/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" targetBox="[304,1286,763,1008]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="6372A828E232A34086A8FA73FB2F0E5D" blockId="10.[151,1187,1034,1057]" box="[151,1187,1034,1057]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE232A34086A8FA73FE9E0E5C" bold="true" box="[151,274,1034,1057]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A4CDD3ABE232A3408726FA72FE6C0E5D" box="[281,480,1035,1057]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bythitidae" genus="Saccogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawaii">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE232A3408726FA72FE6C0E5D" box="[281,480,1035,1057]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Saccogaster hawaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype, USNM 207355, SL 69 mm (from Cohen &amp; Nielsen 1972).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="37B2F8A0E232A34086A8F925FD3F0DED" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208683/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" targetBox="[165,1427,1132,1833]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="6372A828E232A34086A8F925FD3F0DED" blockId="10.[151,1437,1884,1937]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE232A34086A8F925FE9A0D0E" bold="true" box="[151,278,1884,1907]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A4CDD3ABE232A340871EF924FE600D0F" box="[289,492,1885,1907]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bythitidae" genus="Saccogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawaii">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE232A340871EF924FE600D0F" box="[289,492,1885,1907]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Saccogaster hawaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype: A—Lateral view of head. B—Lateral radiograph of head (photo S. Raredon). C—Dorsal view of head. D—Anterior right gill arch.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6372A828E232A34186F8F9C1FCF10AA8" blockId="10.[151,1436,1976,2037]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,607]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Dentition: Palatines with 1015 sharp, pointed teeth in a single row. Vomer with 6 teeth similar to the longer premaxillary teeth plus a scattering of smaller teeth. Premaxillaries with band of small, granular teeth and near symphysis as series of 8 elongate, needlelike teeth in a widely spaced row. Dentaries with an irregular row of about 15 longer, pointed teeth and an outer narrow band of shorter teeth.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6372A828E233A34186F8FEA6FD320A8B" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,607]" box="[199,702,223,247]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Otolith: Not extracted from unique
<typeStatus id="BC76168AE233A341846BFEA6FD360A8B" box="[596,698,223,247]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6372A828E233A34186F8FF7DFC880BD0" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,607]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Head morphology (
<figureCitation id="FBF6B4ADE233A341879EFF7DFE680B60" box="[417,484,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[165,1427,1132,1833]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,1107,1855]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Saccogaster hawaii, holotype: A—Lateral view of head. B—Lateral radiograph of head (photo S. Raredon). C—Dorsal view of head. D—Anterior right gill arch." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208683/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
AC): A pair of forward directed sub-dermal frontal spines behind and above eyes, a large, median, sub-dermal ethmoidal spine in front of eyes with forward pointed tip and a blunt sub-dermal spine above each eye. Five faint neuromasts below eye curving upwards and two on snout inward of posterior nostril. Upper jaw ends well posterior to eye with posterior margin vertically expanded and not sheathed dorsally. Opercle with a flattened, antler-like, 3pronged spine (
<figureCitation id="FBF6B4ADE233A34184A2FFEDFD6C0BD0" box="[669,736,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[165,1427,1132,1833]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,1107,1855]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Saccogaster hawaii, holotype: A—Lateral view of head. B—Lateral radiograph of head (photo S. Raredon). C—Dorsal view of head. D—Anterior right gill arch." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208683/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6372A828E233A34186F8FFCEFE3D086B" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,607]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Coloration: Body pale with fine, brown pigmentation along the bases of dorsal and anal fins. Similar pigmentation on head, particularly on snout and between eyes, and an intense dark band from behind eye becoming more diffuse posteriorad.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BD7FBA3E233A34186F8FC5AFCFD0823" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="6372A828E233A34186F8FC5AFCFD0823" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,607]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE233A34186F8FC5AFE670840" bold="true" box="[199,491,547,572]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Biology and distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="FBF6B4ADE233A34187C3FC5DFDDD0840" box="[508,593,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1767,1790]" captionTargetBox="[161,1424,1103,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,1073,1753]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 25. Geographic distribution of Hastatobythites and Saccogaster in the Indo-West Pacific. Each marking may represent more than one locality." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208702/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="A4CDD3ABE233A341845AFC5CFCCE0840" box="[613,834,548,572]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bythitidae" genus="Saccogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hawaii">
<emphasis id="51B9743AE233A341845AFC5CFCCE0840" box="[613,834,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Saccogaster hawaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from the
<typeStatus id="BC76168AE233A3418265FC5DFB300840" box="[1114,1212,548,572]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
caught at the upper continental shelf at a depth of
<quantity id="A43505CDE233A34187D5FC3EFDBD0823" box="[490,561,583,607]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="234.0">234 m</quantity>
off Maui, Hawaiian Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>