224 lines
16 KiB
XML
224 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297076" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316519" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d761ab0e-723a-44d8-9d9e-9f30c15bc9a5" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905218515" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="D21EA7D1F78C0D5EA44BC782859F5B84" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Perissodactyla.629-636.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Ceratotherium simum" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="480A38997F5422864D51F74D30DA44C2" lastPageNumber="634" masterDocId="480A38997F5422864D51F74D30DA44C2" masterDocTitle="Order Perissodactyla" masterLastPageNumber="636" masterPageNumber="629" pageNumber="634" updateTime="1716777735950" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="FB1D016A3996E54E788C9F64405835E0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="961EF18867A63B6FE4E511E9FB881D87">
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<mods:title id="ED28228A43880D0697E227927B825570">Order Perissodactyla</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="12BAC32FEF5A9C004DE822F6004D1448">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0C1F78FDBB754D528F69246877891948" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="02EF4A5392BCB74E1131A44E386FE187">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="076E5DAF52A0638CA3C81374724ACB7D">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="602B469F9855C5AAFE6BEC20BF5E1F82">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="D6DA705C49CD760DC1E29B3444D4B7C0">2005</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="8B17297C0C83206FF097F0384A6AF713">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place id="9DEB498E8ECD9CDF452532FA5B0D3B96">
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<mods:placeTerm id="48C87A9CACF4E2909B2BEC60A35C9C08">Baltimore</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo id="05F3061687C18F30A7F2421747EA2183">
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<mods:title id="03BCC586EC6BE7184D895774A55F3E61">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="CE4B4361BB9AA462ABA6DA91C3191AD6">
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<mods:extent id="641DFDD258CE9E9FFB03ABB51B4A6A1E" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="84AF57AD588B19234F568B3D9C874351">629</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="CBEC65DE39159211131C409E724A0928">636</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="185F71F7EEAB409F6FCFBB22B2E1C44C">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CD3BBCD071890D46DC4A43818AB473FB" type="ISBN">0-8018-8221-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BCB6C642491CB2C1BA5CF387DDF9C119" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316519</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="D21EA7D1F78C0D5EA44BC782859F5B84" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11330628" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231535895" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11330628" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D21EA7D1F78C0D5EA44BC782859F5B84" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D21EA7D1F78C0D5EA44BC782859F5B84" lastPageNumber="634" pageNumber="634" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14100050">
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<subSubSection id="4500B725A0C4B75E729145716A5E8F63" pageNumber="634" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="D80B95F1F3DABC90EB1C035383306A1C" pageNumber="634">
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<taxonomicName id="8A2E8BE496CDE6AB031AAE7EE31C0C0E" ID-CoL="SQFF" authority="(Burchell 1817)" baseAuthorityName="Burchell" baseAuthorityYear="1817" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ceratotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageNumber="634" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simum">
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<emphasis id="498AE6EF2B65990AD833879BD3EF0BE2" italics="true" pageNumber="634">Ceratotherium simum</emphasis>
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(Burchell 1817)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EDDDC74B7F0F8F2B4A22A27A637089F4" pageNumber="634" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="40A4C53E58D367D8FD6C69F55F306543" pageNumber="634">
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<treatmentCitation id="952E1CEBE63050FFE9F0307D864E5E83" author="Burchell" authority="Burchell 1817" authorityName="Burchell" authorityYear="1817" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Rhinoceros" journal="Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" page="97" pageNumber="634" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simus" title="Rhinoceros simus" year="1817">
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<taxonomicName id="A6BD9F2EB67B8FED250115244AC1D180" ID-CoL="4S84W" authority="Burchell 1817" authorityName="Burchell" authorityYear="1817" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Rhinoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageNumber="634" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simus">
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<emphasis id="9EDB85B0041E82B6BDC1F7C1072D3F29" italics="true" pageNumber="634">[Rhinoceros] simus</emphasis>
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Burchell 1817
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibCitation id="4A36ABA31A416CDAB10F4A0485CBC04E" author="Burchell" journal="Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris" pageNumber="634" pagination="97" title="Rhinoceros simus" year="1817">Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris: 97</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="81C4A57F145E556A2FC023F04B711950" pageNumber="634" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8D51787FD9D3B3A311968D96476B38FB" pageNumber="634">
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<emphasis id="38C651B9562E5971573E5BDDBAD093DD" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="634">Type Locality:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="73B3EE061F27EDE8D8159710E65693A3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867303311" country="South Africa" latitude="-26.25" longitude="23.166666" pageNumber="634" stateProvince="North West">
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"L'interior de l'Afrique Méridionale vers le vingt-sixième degré de latitude"; since identified as
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<collectingCountry id="7E158DE498CC3539939538A1A1EE1702" name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="AFE51A79575179A133D972C17183C9E4" country="South Africa" name="North West">North West Prov.</collectingRegion>
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, Chue Spring (= Heuningvlei), about
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<geoCoordinate id="3B10AE9BC0E8AA5462DEE1A2EE8A9784" degrees="26" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-26.25">26°15'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="1ED5E21EAFB6C6A7D7FB56BDA5AD2553" degrees="23" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="23.166666">23°10'E</geoCoordinate>
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. See
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<bibRefCitation id="AD4DC018C590BBC2D8DD55028E59AFE2" author="Grubb, P." refId="ref134166" refString="Grubb, P. 1999. Types and type localities of ungulates named from southern Africa. Koedoe, 42: 13 - 45." year="1999">Grubb (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="338CA1F43629AC56565D20A107F05694" pageNumber="634" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="BB23E5F5C759A133739154FF863011EC" pageNumber="634">
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<emphasis id="6A30E6316249CB5BC2C8756F25B02B47" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="634">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="000058A3CA9C1D5443625D4AAB09C665" language="eng" pageNumber="634">White Rhinoceros</vernacularName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CC95C7772956579AE267651D5A1215E6" pageNumber="634" type="child_taxa">
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<paragraph id="A3D690BC19B61A283D4C5D73597336DD" pageNumber="634">
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<emphasis id="868B17F1C6AC58B5C51C3A621FC5C054" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="634">Subspecies:</emphasis>
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:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD4D08F81063926E8D1E600DB5C67909" pageNumber="634">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="F2B31DDCF5C560F49EE702BCF46A1408" authority="Burchell 1817" authorityName="Burchell" authorityYear="1817" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ceratotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageNumber="634" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="simum" subSpecies="simum">
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<emphasis id="CA4B58BB7D9448BB96CE9C653381067A" italics="true" pageNumber="634">Ceratotherium simum</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="4E31318D962686BF32BB1C3B092733FE" italics="true" pageNumber="634">simum</emphasis>
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Burchell 1817
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9D63D4B08297A3770426C565A5D7C4F2" pageNumber="634">
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Subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="EFFBA3BCE8F0DEE52D5F026A7939EEFE" authority="Lydekker 1908" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1908" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ceratotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" pageNumber="634" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="simum" subSpecies="cottoni">
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<emphasis id="3F87C858CA24CCF7C6E90C9FC2550005" italics="true" pageNumber="634">Ceratotherium simum</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="27816BFC747B0172681721620A91D0AC" italics="true" pageNumber="634">cottoni</emphasis>
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Lydekker 1908
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FEF86D89D84744A338814E9BE6B5510E" pageNumber="634" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="75C2B40BB9A9746558FB1DE81EE16A0F" pageNumber="634">
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<emphasis id="248406E6743C4E34C0321D4C32D3B27A" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="634">Distribution:</emphasis>
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Formerly north of Equator in S
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<collectingCountry id="6C175FCB633D15FD031C36743A56C46F" name="Chad">Chad</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="5CB6AECE1484B49FF1C1D885F579E25A" name="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
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, S
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<collectingCountry id="CD8249A0D174F0DEE7E370216760ED31" name="Sudan">Sudan</collectingCountry>
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, NE Dem. Rep.
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<collectingCountry id="8840F4E4386F019446852C9620786086" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="63B91D065780E1BD44497B0B17082B3F" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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. Southern Africa in SE
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<collectingCountry id="6D738ADDAFD6711D60BB415B64DB90EE" name="Angola">Angola</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="6C28E36ED7C59FFB28D199169A5A8D7F" name="Botswana">Botswana</collectingCountry>
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, NE
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<collectingCountry id="12F99E8B8EB6B2AFD3D686D40E8F9985" name="Namibia">Namibia</collectingCountry>
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, S
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<collectingCountry id="6DD42B34609EC6FF3437A98A41EE5ED0" name="Mozambique">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="07702BD948E24A7DB3DD04809FC1861B" name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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(north of Orange-Vaal Rivers and in
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<collectingRegion id="6654D9E79C7F178562774AE77630A510" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="09E30FFD1ED2FE6A980DD61AA89D47EF" name="Swaziland">Swaziland</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="22B6D3C8F80A7AD494F4E49ED646D414" name="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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, and possibly also SW
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<collectingCountry id="43ED598C1770DFE4CD65C99957D7F430" name="Zambia">Zambia</collectingCountry>
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. Now much restricted in distribution; in south of range, extinct except in E KwaZulu-Natal (
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<collectingCountry id="737BA45971A4899BB7638B9E1B268763" name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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), but reintroduced into other parts of
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<collectingCountry id="BB0936074A08277C027E456B76A59609" name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingRegion id="7E9684C4CFE2BD6313E534A598BBB505" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="40333D5B22B366613A985DA682340719" country="South Africa" name="Limpopo">Limpopo Prov.</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="1D32ABDFDAEB175FE5E6D3A43C36552E" country="South Africa" name="Mpumalanga">Mpumalanga</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="414B488BCB1FFE7FDED941C5D0F44EEB" country="South Africa" name="Free State">Free State</collectingRegion>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="F211F672EDC08ED38927B0C92D4FC5E8" name="Namibia">Namibia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="8CAA54B61C4FFB9A8A732AA1744CE878" name="Swaziland">Swaziland</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="D18DC6B33FB53939E6012D1B18673614" name="Mozambique">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="DA35662D3023598BD7ED4BCEDF8C8A31" name="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="881A2E3DE1BD35FABF0C754DC8C69DEF" name="Botswana">Botswana</collectingCountry>
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; introduced into
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<collectingCountry id="2A6346F504F4F398CBDB9C92DB94CFAC" name="Zambia">Zambia</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="E7A1E06F546E287512D7F41FCD8D7F64" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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. In north of range, now confined to NE Dem. Rep.
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<collectingCountry id="1F61599D05900DB7613093D3E3896900" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E704408BC8223AC2C96B6ABEE64287" pageNumber="634" type="conservation">
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<paragraph id="87FFC2456D1AEC0BA8CF9DC147C33B6A" pageNumber="634">
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<emphasis id="76523D4F0B97DE0573111763017BA571" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="634">Conservation:</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="E30A4A9C45A8DCA9B8D2B5B2B50FF2D2">CITES</collectionCode>
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– Appendix II as
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<emphasis id="7D04480D3A7B518F0EF36E043D1040A1" italics="true" pageNumber="634">
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C. s.
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<taxonomicName id="CC4BDA5A499BD6AEE837EE03878CE7C4" baseAuthorityName="Burchell" baseAuthorityYear="1817" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ceratotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simum">simum</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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; otherwise Appendix I;
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<collectingCountry id="DFA9D29A93185F165F04B9C719ECAEEC" name="United States of America">U.S.</collectingCountry>
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<collectionCode id="C4ADB48DC719B14768B439A769C651BD" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14319" name="Universidade de São Paulo" type="Herbarium">ESA</collectionCode>
|
||
– Endangered as
|
||
<emphasis id="53F66E15DAE25BAD9BC4AA5FC5ADC4D6" italics="true" pageNumber="634">
|
||
C. s.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7C6CC57B61024AEC6382A5ACD00AA728" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ceratotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cottoni">cottoni</taxonomicName>
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
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||
<collectionCode id="C50FB7F50C4FB8E1CB5F7A84846A6B33">IUCN</collectionCode>
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– Critically Endangered as
|
||
<emphasis id="B0FB1C8B39F1FAAD10BD08379D17D7D0" italics="true" pageNumber="634">
|
||
C. s.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C5D9EFE61E2BEF6935BA2CA7104CE5C6" authority=", Near Threatened" authorityName="Near Threatened" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ceratotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cottoni">cottoni, Near Threatened</taxonomicName>
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
as
|
||
<emphasis id="FC5D6FC944D6EED4871E5990350AB0BF" italics="true" pageNumber="634">
|
||
C. s.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0036D761FEBDC855ADCB93FF145D76B" baseAuthorityName="Burchell" baseAuthorityYear="1817" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinocerotidae" genus="Ceratotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perissodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simum">simum</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D36038338A6DD563A81757D67991FA2C" pageNumber="634" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="E17523975CB70A4A4281FD0BBE990456" pageNumber="634">
|
||
<emphasis id="21507BD9C6872A63D876763BE937C360" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="634">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
Reviewed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D9CBFC81F599619B241CE1F1D1C0012B" author="Groves, C. P." refId="ref130968" refString="Groves, C. P. 1972 a. Ceratotherium simum. Mammalian Species, 8: 1 - 6." year="1972">
|
||
Groves (1972
|
||
<emphasis id="E71B96B673F8CD1A09645FC6FB7465E4" italics="true" pageNumber="634">a</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Mammalian Species, 8). Revised by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BCBD49B6E33C4DDAE188D606D5463DAF" author="Groves, C. P." refId="ref131174" refString="Groves, C. P. 1975 b. Taxonomic notes on the white rhinoceros Ceratotherium simum (Burchell, 1817). Saugetierkundliche Mitteilungen, 23: 200 - 212." year="1975">
|
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Groves (1975
|
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<emphasis id="2D5CE5E41EA731C71926C34E7F9089CF" italics="true" pageNumber="634">b</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |