1397 lines
107 KiB
XML
1397 lines
107 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" ID-PMC="PMC6070582" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-106-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FF8BFFC82928FFA84734FFCB2E61E260" ID-PubMed="30072843" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1326005" ModsDocID="1314-2003-106-1" checkinTime="1532592511837" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Saerkinen, Tiina, Poczai, Peter, Barboza, Gloria E., Weerden, Gerard M. van der, Baden, Maria & Knapp, Sandra" docDate="2018" docId="958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 106: 1-223" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 106" docPubDate="2018-07-25" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" docTitle="Solanum chenopodioides Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 18. 1794" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="FF8BFFC82928FFA84734FFCB2E61E260" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FF8BFFC82928FFA84734FFCB2E61E260" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Old World Black Nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="223" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668138996586" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the Old World Black Nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Saerkinen, Tiina</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH 3 5 LR, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">tsarkinen@rbge.org.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Poczai, Peter</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Botany Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 7, FI- 00014 Helsinki, Finland</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Barboza, Gloria E.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Weerden, Gerard M. van der</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Experimental Garden, Radboud University, Faculty of Science Box 49, P. O. Box 9010, 6500 Nijmegen, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Baden, Maria</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Max-Planck Odense Center on the Biodemography of Aging and Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK- 5230 Odense M, Denmark</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">s.knapp@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2018-07-25</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>106</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>223</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-106-1</mods:identifier>
|
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FF8BFFC82928FFA84734FFCB2E61E260</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1326005</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="146692532" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
3.
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="958549A2-CF07-A4A3-4B7D-6B67C1796233" authority="Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 18. 1794" authorityName="Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 18." authorityYear="1794" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">Solanum chenopodioides Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 18. 1794</taxonomicName>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Solanum chenopodioides Lam. A Habit B Detail of adaxial leaf surface C Detail of abaxial leaf surface D Opening bud E Dissected flower F Fruiting branch G Detail of infructescence H Maturing fruit I Fully mature fruit (A-E Fox s. n.; F-I Hieronymus s. n.). Drawing by R. Wise." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/218713" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 10</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Solanum chenopodioides Lam A Habit B Buds C Flowers at full anthesis D Fully mature matte black fruits with appressed calyx lobes (A-D Nijmegen acc. A 14750051). Photos by S. Knapp and G. van der Weerden." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/218714" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 11</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Willd. ex Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 664. 1819.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Argentina. Buenos Aires,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anon. s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
[probably
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. Commerson</emphasis>
|
||
] (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Herb. Willdenow 4336</emphasis>
|
||
) (lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="95 - 114" refId="B103" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1972. A synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum sect. Solanum (Maurella) in South America. Kew Bulletin 27 (1): 95 - 114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" title="A synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum sect. Solanum (Maurella) in South America." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" volume="27" year="1972">Edmonds 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 105 [as type ex photo]: B [B-W04336-01-0]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Weinm. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum besseri" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="besseri">Solanum besseri</taxonomicName>
|
||
Weinm., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 593. 1819.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. "In America" [cultivated in Europe?],
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anon. s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(no specimens cited; no original material located; neotype, designated here: G-DC [G00144198]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sendtn" authorityYear="1846" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum subspatulatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="subspatulatum">Solanum subspatulatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sendtn., Fl. Bras. (Martius) 10: 45, tab. 4, fig. 16-18. 1846.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Brazil. Sin. loc.,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F. Sellow s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype: B, destroyed, F neg. 3183; lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="D'Arcy, WG" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="573 - 780" refId="B71" refString="D'Arcy, WG, 1974a. ["1973"]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 60: 573 - 780" title="[" 1973 "]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9." volume="60" year="1974 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Arcy">D'Arcy</normalizedToken>
|
||
1974a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 735 [as type]: P [P00384051]; isolectotype: F [fragment]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Witheringia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Witheringia chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">Witheringia chenopodioides</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lam.) J.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rémy">Remy</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Fl. Chil. [Gay] 5: 69. 1849.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">Solanum chenopodioides</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lam.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dunal" authorityYear="1852" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum isabellei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="isabellei">Solanum isabellei</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal, Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 13(1): 153. 1852.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Uruguay. Montevideo, Lat. aust. 34°45
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="’08”">'08"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1838, A. Isabelle s.n. (lectotype, designated here: G-DC (G00145645); isolectotypes: F [V0073298F, acc. # 680251; V0073299F, acc. # 680253)], K [K000585686], P [P00384071], W [1889-115034]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dun" authorityYear="1852" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodifolium">Solanum chenopodifolium</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal, Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 13(1): 44. 1852.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Argentina/Uruguay. "Buenos Aires et Montevideo",
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. Commerson s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(lectotype, designated
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="95 - 114" refId="B103" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1972. A synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum sect. Solanum (Maurella) in South America. Kew Bulletin 27 (1): 95 - 114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" title="A synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum sect. Solanum (Maurella) in South America." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" volume="27" year="1972">Edmonds 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 108 [as holotype], second step designated here: P [P00384081]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum crenatodentatum subsp. var. var. ramosissimum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="crenatodentatum" subSpecies="var." variety="ramosissimum">Solanum crenatodentatum Dunal var. ramosissimum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal, Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 13(1): 54. 1852.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. United States of America. Louisiana: "Basse Louisiane", 1839,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G.D. Barbe 82</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype: P [P00362535]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum gracile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracile">Solanum gracile</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal, Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 13(1): 54. 1852, nom. illeg., not
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum gracile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracile">Solanum gracile</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sendtn. (1846).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: "Rio de Janeiro", 1831-1833,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. Gaudichaud 520</emphasis>
|
||
(lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Henderson, RJF" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the Queensland Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 78" refId="B168" refString="Henderson, RJF, 1974. Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) and related species in Australia. Contributions from the Queensland Herbarium 16: 1 - 78" title="Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) and related species in Australia." volume="16" year="1974">Henderson 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 46: G-DC [G00144391]; isolectotypes: G [G00343457], P [P00384052, P00384053]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum gracile subsp. var. var. microphyllum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="gracile" subSpecies="var." variety="microphyllum">Solanum gracile Dunal var. microphyllum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal, Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 13(1): 54. 1852.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Argentina/Uruguay. " Circa Buenos Ayres et Montevideo",
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. Commerson s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Morton, CV" journalOrPublisher="Plant Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B248" refString="Morton, CV, 1976. A revision of the Argentine species of Solanum. Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Cordoba." title="A revision of the Argentine species of Solanum. Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Cordoba." year="1976">Morton 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 151: P [P00384061, Morton neg. 8207]; possible isolectotype: F [V0073283F, acc. # 976485, fragment only]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum nodiflorum subsp. var. var. microphyllum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="nodiflorum" subSpecies="var." variety="microphyllum">Solanum nodiflorum Jacq. var. microphyllum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hassl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 118. 1911.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Paraguay. Estrella: Mar,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="É">E</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Hassler 10271
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype: G?, Morton photo 8612).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1912" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum vile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vile">Solanum vile</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 221. 1912.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: Restinga do Harpoador,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. Ule 4310</emphasis>
|
||
(lectotype, designated here: CORD [CORD00004277]; isolectotype: HBG [HBG511507]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Herter" authorityYear="1943" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum gracilius" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilius">Solanum gracilius</taxonomicName>
|
||
Herter, Rev. Sudamer. Bot. 7: 266. 1943.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Based on (replacement name for)
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. gracile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gracile">S. gracile</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hyl" authorityYear="1945" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum ottonis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ottonis">Solanum ottonis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hyl., Uppsala Univ.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Årsskr">Arsskr</normalizedToken>
|
||
. 7: 279. 1945.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. Based on (replacement name for)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum gracile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracile">Solanum gracile</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum americanum subsp. var. var. baylisii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="americanum" subSpecies="var." variety="baylisii">Solanum americanum Mill. var. baylisii</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Arcy">D'Arcy</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 61: 837. 1974.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type. New Zealand. Sin. loc., cultivated, 1953,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Momson s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype: OTA [OTA-00419]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Mauritius">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
. "Ex ins. Mauritiana",
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Herb. Lamarck s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus>lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Barboza, GE" journalOrPublisher="D'Arcy: the legacy of a taxonomist, Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden, Vol. 104. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B13" refString="Barboza, GE, Knapp, S, Saerkinen, T, 2013. Grupo VII. Moreloide. In Anton AM, Zuloaga FO (Eds), Barboza GE (coord.) Flora Argentina vol. 13, Solanaceae. IOBDA-IMBIV, CONICET: Buenos Aires and Cordoba, Argentina, 231-264." title="Grupo VII. Moreloide. In Anton AM, Zuloaga FO (Eds), Barboza GE (coord.) Flora Argentina vol. 13, Solanaceae. IOBDA-IMBIV, CONICET: Buenos Aires and Cordoba, Argentina, 231 - 264." year="2013">Barboza et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 242: P [P00357629]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Annual herbs to short-lived, erect to somewhat sprawling perennial herbs to 1.0 m tall, subwoody and branching at base. Stems spreading to decumbent, terete, green-grey to straw colour, older stems with no prickle-like projections, not markedly hollow; new growth pubescent with simple, appressed, uniseriate, eglandular trichomes, these 1-6-celled, 0.1-0.6 mm long; older stems more sparsely pubescent, glabrescent. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves not geminate. Leaves simple, 1.5-5.5(-7.0) cm long, 0.5-3.0(-3.5) cm wide, lanceolate to narrowly ovate, rarely ovate, discolorous; adaxial surface green, sparsely pubescent with appressed 1-4-celled translucent, simple, uniseriate trichomes like those on stem, these denser along the veins; abaxial surface pale grey, more densely pubescent with trichomes like those of the upper surface evenly across lamina and veins; major veins 3-6 pairs, not clearly evident abaxially; base attenuate, decurrent on the petiole; margins entire or sinuate; apex acute to obtuse; petioles (0.5-)1.0-1.5(-3.5) cm long, sparsely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the stems and leaves. Inflorescences 1.0-2.5(-4.0) cm long, generally internodal but appearing leaf-opposed on young shoots, simple or rarely furcate, sub-umbelliform, with 3-7(-10) flowers, sparsely pubescent with appressed 1-2-celled simple uniseriate trichomes; peduncle 1.0-2.3(-4.0) cm long, straight but becoming strongly deflexed downwards in fruit; pedicels 0.5-1 cm long, ca. 0.5 mm in diameter at the base and 1 mm at apex, straight and spreading, articulated at the base; pedicel scars spaced ca. 0-1 mm apart. Buds elongate-oblong, the corolla only slightly exserted from the calyx tube before anthesis. Flowers 5-merous, all perfect. Calyx tube 0.5-1.0 mm long, conical, the lobes 0.6-1.2 mm long, less than 1 mm wide, broadly deltate to triangular with acute to obtuse apices, sparsely pubescent with 1-4-celled appressed hairs like those on stem but shorter. Corolla 6-12 mm in diameter, white with a black or yellow-green central portion near the base, the black colour usually distal to the yellow-green, deeply stellate, lobed 4/5 of the way to the base, the lobes 3.5-4.0 mm long, 1.5-1.9 mm wide, strongly reflexed at anthesis, later spreading, densely puberulent-papillate abaxially with 1-4-celled simple uniseriate trichomes, these denser on the tips and margins. Stamens equal; filament tube minute; free portion of the filaments 0.6-1.0 mm long, adaxially pubescent with tangled uniseriate 4-6-celled simple trichomes; anthers (2.0-)2.3-2.8 mm long, 0.5-0.8 mm wide, narrowly ellipsoid, yellow, poricidal at the tips, the pores lengthening to slits with age and drying, the connective becoming darker brown with age in dry plants. Ovary globose, glabrous; style 3.7-4.5 mm long, densely pubescent with 2-3-celled simple uniseriate trichomes in the lower half where included in the anther cone, exserted up to 1.5 mm beyond the anther cone; stigma capitate, minutely papillate, green in live plants. Fruit a globose berry, 4-9 mm in diameter, dull purplish-black at maturity, the pericarp thin and opaque, matte and somewhat glaucous; fruiting pedicels 6-13 mm long, 1.2-1.4 mm in diameter at the base and the apex, reflexed and slightly curving, dropping with mature fruits, not persistent; fruiting calyx not accrescent, the tube less than 1 mm long, the lobes 1-1.5 mm long, appressed against the berry. Seeds (13-)20-35(-50) per berry, 1.2-1.4 mm long, 1.0-1.2 mm wide, flattened and tear-drop shaped with a subapical hilum, pale yellow, the surfaces minutely pitted, the testal cells pentagonal in outline. Stone cells absent or occasionally 1-2 diminutive apical stone cells present. Chromosome number:
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2n</emphasis>
|
||
=2x=24 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Baylis, GTS" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="379 - 285" refId="B15" refString="Baylis, GTS, 1958. A cytogenetical study of New Zealand forms of Solanum nigrum L., S. nodiflorum Jacq. and S. gracile Otto. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 85: 379 - 285" title="A cytogenetical study of New Zealand forms of Solanum nigrum L., S. nodiflorum Jacq. and S. gracile Otto." volume="85" year="1958">Baylis 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862165" author="Soria, J" journalOrPublisher="Economic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="245 - 255" refId="B343" refString="Soria, J, Heiser, CB, 1961. A statistical study of relationships of certain species of the Solanum nigrum complex. Economic Botany 15 (3): 245 - 255, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862165" title="A statistical study of relationships of certain species of the Solanum nigrum complex." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862165" volume="15" year="1961">Soria and Heiser 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. gracile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gracile">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. gracile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
];
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1086/282392" author="Heiser, CB Jr" journalOrPublisher="American Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="471 - 488" refId="B167" refString="Heiser, CB Jr, Soria, J, Burton, DL, 1965. A numerical taxonomic study of Solanum species and hybrids. American Naturalist 99 (909): 471 - 488, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/282392" title="A numerical taxonomic study of Solanum species and hybrids." url="https://doi.org/10.1086/282392" volume="99" year="1965">Heiser et al. 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. gracile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gracile">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. gracile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
];
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.37.317" author="Venkateswarlu, J" journalOrPublisher="Cytologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="317 - 326" refId="B384" refString="Venkateswarlu, J, Rao, MK, 1972. Breeding system, crossability relationships and isolating mechanisms in the Solanum nigrum complex. Cytologia 37 (2): 317 - 326, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.37.317" title="Breeding system, crossability relationships and isolating mechanisms in the Solanum nigrum complex." url="https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.37.317" volume="37" year="1972">Venkateswarlu and Rao 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Henderson, RJF" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the Queensland Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 78" refId="B168" refString="Henderson, RJF, 1974. Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) and related species in Australia. Contributions from the Queensland Herbarium 16: 1 - 78" title="Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) and related species in Australia." volume="16" year="1974">Henderson 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. gracilius" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gracilius">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. gracilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
];
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/BT9760369" author="Randell, BR" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="369 - 379" refId="B299" refString="Randell, BR, Symon, DE, 1976. Chromosome numbers in Australian Solanum species. Australian Journal of Botany 24 (3): 369 - 379, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/BT9760369" title="Chromosome numbers in Australian Solanum species." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/BT9760369" volume="24" year="1976">Randell and Symon 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="95 - 114" refId="B103" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1972. A synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum sect. Solanum (Maurella) in South America. Kew Bulletin 27 (1): 95 - 114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" title="A synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum sect. Solanum (Maurella) in South America." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" volume="27" year="1972">Edmonds 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01482.x" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="141 - 178" refId="B104" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1977. Taxonomic studies on Solanum L. section Solanum (Maurella). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 75 (2): 141 - 178, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01482.x" title="Taxonomic studies on Solanum L. section Solanum (Maurella)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01482.x" volume="75" year="1977">1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1982.tb02583.x" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="153 - 167" refId="B109" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1982. Epidermal hair morphology in Solanum L. section Solanum. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 85 (3): 153 - 167, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1982.tb02583.x" title="Epidermal hair morphology in Solanum L. section Solanum." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1982.tb02583.x" volume="85" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1983.tb00992.x" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="229 - 246" refId="B110" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1983. Seed coat structure and development in Solanum L. section Solanum (Solanaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 87 (3): 229 - 246, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1983.tb00992.x" title="Seed coat structure and development in Solanum L. section Solanum (Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1983.tb00992.x" volume="87" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1984.tb01573.x" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="237 - 251" refId="B111" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1984a. Pollen morphology of Solanum L. section Solanum. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 88 (3): 237 - 251, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1984.tb01573.x" title="Pollen morphology of Solanum L. section Solanum." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1984.tb01573.x" volume="88" year="1984 a">1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sublobatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. sublobatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
];
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Moscone, EA" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="261 - 297" refId="B250" refString="Moscone, EA, 1992. Estudios sobre cromosomas meioticos en Solanaceae de Argentina. Darwiniana 31: 261 - 297" title="Estudios sobre cromosomas meioticos en Solanaceae de Argentina." volume="31" year="1992">Moscone 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-005-9078-z" author="Jacoby, A" journalOrPublisher="Euphytica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="303 - 307" refId="B177" refString="Jacoby, A, Labuschagne, MT, 2006. Hybridization studies of five species of the Solanum nigrum complex found in South Africa and two cocktail tomato cultivars. Euphytica 149 (3): 303 - 307, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-005-9078-z" title="Hybridization studies of five species of the Solanum nigrum complex found in South Africa and two cocktail tomato cultivars." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-005-9078-z" volume="149" year="2006">Jacoby and Labuschagne 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2013.855389" author="Moyetta, NR" journalOrPublisher="Caryologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="333 - 345" refId="B252" refString="Moyetta, NR, Stiefkens, LB, Bernardello, G, 2013. Karyotypes of South American species of the Morelloid and Dulcamaroid clades (Solanum, Solanaceae). Caryologia 66 (4): 333 - 345, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2013.855389" title="Karyotypes of South American species of the Morelloid and Dulcamaroid clades (Solanum, Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2013.855389" volume="66" year="2013">Moyetta et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1326033" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/218713" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lam.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
Habit
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
Detail of adaxial leaf surface
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
Detail of abaxial leaf surface
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
Opening bud
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
Dissected flower
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
Fruiting branch
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
Detail of infructescence
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
Maturing fruit
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
Fully mature fruit (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-E</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fox s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F-I</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hieronymus s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
). Drawing by R. Wise.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1326035" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/218714" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lam
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
Habit
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
Buds
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
Flowers at full anthesis
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
Fully mature matte black fruits with appressed calyx lobes (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-D</emphasis>
|
||
Nijmegen acc. A14750051). Photos by S. Knapp and G. van der Weerden.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
(Figure
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Distribution of Solanum chenopodioides Lam in its non-native range in the Old World." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/218715" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12</figureCitation>
|
||
). Thought to be native to southern South America (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Barboza, GE" journalOrPublisher="D'Arcy: the legacy of a taxonomist, Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden, Vol. 104. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B13" refString="Barboza, GE, Knapp, S, Saerkinen, T, 2013. Grupo VII. Moreloide. In Anton AM, Zuloaga FO (Eds), Barboza GE (coord.) Flora Argentina vol. 13, Solanaceae. IOBDA-IMBIV, CONICET: Buenos Aires and Cordoba, Argentina, 231-264." title="Grupo VII. Moreloide. In Anton AM, Zuloaga FO (Eds), Barboza GE (coord.) Flora Argentina vol. 13, Solanaceae. IOBDA-IMBIV, CONICET: Buenos Aires and Cordoba, Argentina, 231 - 264." year="2013">Barboza et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but introduced globally in temperate and subtropical areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1326037" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/218715" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 12.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lam in its non-native range in the Old World.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Grows in humid, disturbed areas between rocks, along water sources and roads and in cultivated lands, common in areas with human disturbance; between sea level and 1,900 (-2,500) m elevation.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Australia: whitetip nightshade (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Symon, DE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 367" refId="B364" refString="Symon, DE, 1981. A revision of the genus Solanum in Australia. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 4: 1 - 367" title="A revision of the genus Solanum in Australia." volume="4" year="1981">Symon 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B119" refString="Edmonds, JM, Chweya, JA, 1997. Black nightshades. Solanum nigrum L. and related species. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben/ International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome." title="Black nightshades. Solanum nigrum L. and related species. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben / International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome." year="1997">Edmonds and Chweya 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); New Zealand: velvety nightshade (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Webb, CJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Food Safety" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B393" refString="Webb, CJ, Sykes, WR, Garnock-Jones, PJ, 1988. Flora of New Zealand, Vol. 4: Naturalised pteridophytes, gymnosperms, dicotyledons. Botany Division, DSIR, Christchruch." title="Flora of New Zealand, Vol. 4: Naturalised pteridophytes, gymnosperms, dicotyledons. Botany Division, DSIR, Christchruch." year="1988">Webb et al. 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B119" refString="Edmonds, JM, Chweya, JA, 1997. Black nightshades. Solanum nigrum L. and related species. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben/ International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome." title="Black nightshades. Solanum nigrum L. and related species. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben / International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome." year="1997">Edmonds and Chweya 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); South Africa: nastergal; United Kingdom: tall nightshade (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Stace, C" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B351" refString="Stace, C, 2010. New flora of the British Isles (3rd edn). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge." title="New flora of the British Isles (3 rd edn). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge." year="2010">Stace 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="uses">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uses.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
South Africa. leaves used as spinach (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B119" refString="Edmonds, JM, Chweya, JA, 1997. Black nightshades. Solanum nigrum L. and related species. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben/ International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome." title="Black nightshades. Solanum nigrum L. and related species. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben / International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome." year="1997">Edmonds and Chweya 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); berries locally used for making jam (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Viljoen, E" journalOrPublisher="Cytologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B385" refString="Viljoen, E, 2011. Morphology and genetic relationships in members of the Solanum nigrum L. complex used for jam production in the Highveld of South Africa. MSc thesis, Biotechnology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 1-242." title="Morphology and genetic relationships in members of the Solanum nigrum L. complex used for jam production in the Highveld of South Africa. MSc thesis, Biotechnology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 1 - 242." year="2011">Viljoen 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Euphytica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B176" refString="IUCN, 2016. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" title="Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2016">IUCN 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an extremely widespread cosmopolitan weed and can be assessed as LC (Least Concern; Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 7" captionStartId="T7" captionText="Table 7. Preliminary conservation assessments for the Old World members of the Morelloid clade. For details, see Materials and Methods and individual species treatments. Preliminary assessments are based on EOO (Extent of Occurrence) only (see Materials and Methods) and have been calculated for worldwide ranges for each species. The conservation status of species known to be introduced in the Old World has been assessed considering native range only and is discussed under each species treatments." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/2FA7BDE3ED0CDC21CAEAEE383BFAB558" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="2FA7BDE3ED0CDC21CAEAEE383BFAB558">7</tableCitation>
|
||
). When only the putatively native South American distribution is considered,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
still has a very large EOO of 2,279,138 km2 and remains LC.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from most of the other morelloids occurring in the Old World based on its narrowly lanceolate leaves with grey indumentum, inflorescences with ca. 3-7 flowers tightly congested near the tip of the peduncle, the stellate corollas that are deeply lobed to the base and usually with a dark purple or black central star and anthers that are usually more than 2 mm and up to 2.8 mm long. In fruit, the pedicels and proximal portion of the peduncle are strongly reflexed and the berries are not at all shiny.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum retroflexum" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="retroflexum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum retroflexum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has similar matte black berries, but has rhomboid leaves, less deeply divided corollas, shorter anthers and the calyx lobes are strongly reflexed in fruit.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could also potentially be confused with the more common
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. nigrum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. nigrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, especially in Europe, but differs from that species in its terete stems, matte black fruits on short strongly reflexed pedicels and its smaller seeds (1.2 mm long versus 2 mm long).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a scattered distribution in the Old World, but it seems to be spreading, perhaps related to climate change and/or increased habitat alteration (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Martinez Labarga, JM" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.biodiversidadvirtual.org/taxofoto/sites/default/files/solanum_chenopodioides_lam._solanaceae_en_la_ciudad_de_madrid.pdf" refId="B233" refString="Martinez Labarga, JM, Garcia Guillen, E, Melia Vaca, D, Knapp, S, 2017. Solanum chenopodioides Lam. (Solanaceae) en la ciudad de Madrid. Biodiversidad Virtual News Publicaciones Cientificas (BVnPC) 6(74): 40-47, http://www.biodiversidadvirtual.org/taxofoto/sites/default/files/solanum_chenopodioides_lam._solanaceae_en_la_ciudad_de_madrid.pdf" title="Solanum chenopodioides Lam. (Solanaceae) en la ciudad de Madrid. Biodiversidad Virtual News Publicaciones Cientificas (BVnPC) 6 (74): 40 - 47," url="http://www.biodiversidadvirtual.org/taxofoto/sites/default/files/solanum_chenopodioides_lam._solanaceae_en_la_ciudad_de_madrid.pdf" year="2017">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||
Labarga et al. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
This diploid species possibly contributed its genome to the tetraploid
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. retroflexum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="retroflexum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. retroflexum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and hexaploid
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. opacum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="opacum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. opacum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-005-9078-z" author="Jacoby, A" journalOrPublisher="Euphytica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="303 - 307" refId="B177" refString="Jacoby, A, Labuschagne, MT, 2006. Hybridization studies of five species of the Solanum nigrum complex found in South Africa and two cocktail tomato cultivars. Euphytica 149 (3): 303 - 307, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-005-9078-z" title="Hybridization studies of five species of the Solanum nigrum complex found in South Africa and two cocktail tomato cultivars." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-005-9078-z" volume="149" year="2006">Jacoby and Labuschagne (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that crosses made between
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. retroflexum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="retroflexum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. retroflexum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were much more successful than between
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. retroflexum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="retroflexum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. retroflexum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This relationship was also confirmed by arbitrary-amplified dominant markers (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024657827796" author="Jacoby, A" journalOrPublisher="Euphytica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 113" refId="B178" refString="Jacoby, A, Labuschagne, MT, Viljoen, CD, 2003. Genetic relationships between Southern African Solanum retroflexum Dun and other related species measured by morphological and DNA markers. Euphytica 132 (1): 109 - 113, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024657827796" title="Genetic relationships between Southern African Solanum retroflexum Dun and other related species measured by morphological and DNA markers." url="https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024657827796" volume="132" year="2003">Jacoby et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-0215-y" author="Poczai, P" journalOrPublisher="Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B285" refString="Poczai, P, Hyvoenen, J, 2011. On the origin of Solanum nigrum: Can networks help? Molecular Biology Reports 38(2): 1171-1185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-0215-y" title="On the origin of Solanum nigrum: Can networks help? Molecular Biology Reports 38 (2): 1171 - 1185." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-0215-y" year="2011">
|
||
Poczai and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hyvönen">Hyvoenen</normalizedToken>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and by whole genome DArT analysis by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2008.01.162" author="van der Walt, E" journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Genetics" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B377" refString="van der Walt, E, van Schalkwyk, A, Berger, DK, 2008. Genetic relationships between South African Solanum retroflexum and other related species using partial 18S sequencing. South African Journal of Botany 74(2): 391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2008.01.162" title="Genetic relationships between South African Solanum retroflexum and other related species using partial 18 S sequencing. South African Journal of Botany 74 (2): 391." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2008.01.162" year="2008">van der Walt et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Morton, CV" journalOrPublisher="Plant Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B248" refString="Morton, CV, 1976. A revision of the Argentine species of Solanum. Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Cordoba." title="A revision of the Argentine species of Solanum. Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Cordoba." year="1976">Morton (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
thought the locality on the type specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lam. as
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Mauritius”">"Mauritius"</normalizedToken>
|
||
was in error, because the species was a New World taxon in his concept. Morton suggested that the Commerson material on which the name was based was actually from Argentina, but that the localities had been mixed up. This may be true, because there is much material collected by Commerson from Argentina and Uruguay, but
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also occurs on Mauritius as an introduced weed and we are hence reluctant to suggest the locality is an error.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
In the protologue (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Roemer, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B312" refString="Roemer, JJ, Schultes, JA, 1819. Systema vegetabilium, 15th edition [bis]. Vol. 4. J.G. Cotta, Stuttgart." title="Systema vegetabilium, 15 th edition [bis]. Vol. 4. J. G. Cotta, Stuttgart." year="1819">Roemer and Schultes 1819</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 593) of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. besseri" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="besseri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. besseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both the name and description are attributed to Johann Anton Weinmann ("Weinm. in litt.") but no specimens or collections are cited. The description is of a plant with subumbellate inflorescences, black fruits and that comes from America, meaning that, in the absence of a type specimen, it is difficult to determine the identity of this species. Later
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Weinmann, JA" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B397" refString="Weinmann, JA, 1824. Elenchus plantarum horti imperialis Pawlowskiensis et agri Petropolitani. Ex Typographia Orphanotrophii, St. Petersburg." title="Elenchus plantarum horti imperialis Pawlowskiensis et agri Petropolitani. Ex Typographia Orphanotrophii, St. Petersburg." year="1824">Weinmann (1824)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
published a list of plants from St. Petersburg in which he lists "
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. besserianum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="besserianum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. besserianum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" (a nomen nudum with no description) that is probably the same plant, stating it is from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“America”">"America"</normalizedToken>
|
||
and equating it with "
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. cestrifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cestrifolium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. cestrifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Jacq.?" (see Doubtful names).
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dunal, MF" journalOrPublisher="Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B101" refString="Dunal, MF, 1852. Solanaceae. In: Candolle AP de (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13(1): 1-690. V. Masson, Paris." title="Solanaceae. In: Candolle AP de (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13 (1): 1 - 690. V. Masson, Paris." year="1852">Dunal (1852)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
made a detailed description of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. besseri" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="besseri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. besseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and put
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in synonymy with it. His description was based on a specimen he saw in "herb. DC" and living plants. In the absence of any original material for this name, we neotypify it here with the specimen in G-DC (G00144198) used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dunal, MF" journalOrPublisher="Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B101" refString="Dunal, MF, 1852. Solanaceae. In: Candolle AP de (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13(1): 1-690. V. Masson, Paris." title="Solanaceae. In: Candolle AP de (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13 (1): 1 - 690. V. Masson, Paris." year="1852">Dunal (1852)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and labelled "
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Weinm. ex Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum besseri" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="besseri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum besseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" in his hand. The specimen matches his detailed description exactly and it is not in conflict with the original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Roemer, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B312" refString="Roemer, JJ, Schultes, JA, 1819. Systema vegetabilium, 15th edition [bis]. Vol. 4. J.G. Cotta, Stuttgart." title="Systema vegetabilium, 15 th edition [bis]. Vol. 4. J. G. Cotta, Stuttgart." year="1819">Roemer and Schultes 1819</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We do this in order to stabilise the identity of this name so it does not further disrupt names in this group (e.g. see discussions of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. memphiticum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="memphiticum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. memphiticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. villosum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="villosum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. villosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
In the protologue of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. isabellei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="isabellei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. isabellei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dunal, MF" journalOrPublisher="Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B101" refString="Dunal, MF, 1852. Solanaceae. In: Candolle AP de (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13(1): 1-690. V. Masson, Paris." title="Solanaceae. In: Candolle AP de (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 13 (1): 1 - 690. V. Masson, Paris." year="1852">Dunal (1852)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
cited specimens in G-DC (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Isabelle s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
) and P (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gay s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1828); we have selected the collection
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Isabelle s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(G00145645) as the lectotype because it is well represented by duplicates in other herbaria. He cited various sheets of plants collected by Philibert Commerson in Uruguay and Argentina as material for his new names
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. chenopodiifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chenopodiifolium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. chenopodiifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. gracile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gracile">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. gracile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. gracile subsp. var. var. microphyllum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="gracile" subSpecies="var." variety="microphyllum">S. gracile var. microphyllum</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There are many Commerson collections corresponding to
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in P, none of which we are treating as strict duplicates; although they have similar morphologies, they all have slightly different collecting localities and labels. Conrad V.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Morton, CV" journalOrPublisher="Plant Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B248" refString="Morton, CV, 1976. A revision of the Argentine species of Solanum. Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Cordoba." title="A revision of the Argentine species of Solanum. Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Cordoba." year="1976">Morton (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
lectotypified
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. gracile subsp. var. var. microphyllum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="gracile" subSpecies="var." variety="microphyllum">S. gracile var. microphyllum</taxonomicName>
|
||
by citing his photograph (Morton neg. 8207) of specimens in P and we have matched this to the individual sheet and add the barcode here as a second step lectotypification. We have selected another of the Commerson sheets in P that is annotated by Dunal as "
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. chenopodiifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chenopodiifolium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. chenopodiifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" as the lectotype of that name.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum gracile" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracile">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum gracile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was incorrectly typified by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="D'Arcy, WG" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="573 - 780" refId="B71" refString="D'Arcy, WG, 1974a. ["1973"]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 60: 573 - 780" title="[" 1973 "]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9." volume="60" year="1974 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Arcy">D'Arcy</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1974a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
on "Hort. Monsp. 1831 (MPU)", but Dunal did not cite herbarium material from Montpellier, he only cited living material from there (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“v.v.”">"v.v."</normalizedToken>
|
||
) along with herbarium material from G-DC and P ("v.s. in h. DC h. Mus Paris. et v.v."). Any herbarium material prepared from such living specimens would be a neotype, but that is inappropriate while syntypes still exist.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Henderson, RJF" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the Queensland Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 78" refId="B168" refString="Henderson, RJF, 1974. Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) and related species in Australia. Contributions from the Queensland Herbarium 16: 1 - 78" title="Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) and related species in Australia." volume="16" year="1974">Henderson (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
cited as lectotype for
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. gracile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gracile">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. gracile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a sheet in G-DC without citing a collector, but he did cite a microfiche number (IDC 800-61.2063:III.7) that corresponds to
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gaudichaud 520</emphasis>
|
||
, the material cited in the protologue. His lectotypifcation is effective, because he cited a single collection in a single herbarium (G-DC, G003144391); duplicates in G and P are isolectotypes.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Morton, CV" journalOrPublisher="Plant Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B248" refString="Morton, CV, 1976. A revision of the Argentine species of Solanum. Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Cordoba." title="A revision of the Argentine species of Solanum. Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Cordoba." year="1976">Morton (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
later superfluously lectotypified
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. gracile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gracile">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. gracile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with Commerson material at P, citing his photograph (Morton neg. 8206); this specimen (P00384083) is not a type, although it was cited as the lectotype by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Barboza, GE" journalOrPublisher="D'Arcy: the legacy of a taxonomist, Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden, Vol. 104. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B13" refString="Barboza, GE, Knapp, S, Saerkinen, T, 2013. Grupo VII. Moreloide. In Anton AM, Zuloaga FO (Eds), Barboza GE (coord.) Flora Argentina vol. 13, Solanaceae. IOBDA-IMBIV, CONICET: Buenos Aires and Cordoba, Argentina, 231-264." title="Grupo VII. Moreloide. In Anton AM, Zuloaga FO (Eds), Barboza GE (coord.) Flora Argentina vol. 13, Solanaceae. IOBDA-IMBIV, CONICET: Buenos Aires and Cordoba, Argentina, 231 - 264." year="2013">Barboza et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Australia" name="New South Wales">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: N shore Lake Illawarra, Lake Hts,
|
||
<date value="2003-09-05">5 Sep 2003</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Andrew s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(WOLL); Nepean River, Douglas Park,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.656064" unit="mi" value="6.0">6 mi</quantity>
|
||
E of Picton,
|
||
<date value="1965-10-11">11 Oct 1965</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Constable 6161</emphasis>
|
||
(AD, K, NSW); Bega Valley, Twofold Bay, Nullica Bay Beach
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
SSW of Eden,
|
||
<date value="1979-02-08">8 Feb 1979</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Haegi 1711</emphasis>
|
||
(AD, MEL, MO, NSW); Swamp
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
N of Bodalla on Princes H[igh]w[a]y, just S of Tuross River crossing,
|
||
<date value="1979-02-10">10 Feb 1979</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Haegi 1756</emphasis>
|
||
(AD, NSW); Bega Valley, Tathra,
|
||
<date value="1995-03-20">20 Mar 1995</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heyligers 95004</emphasis>
|
||
(PERTH); Bega Valley, Tathra,
|
||
<date value="1995-03-20">20 Mar 1995</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heyligers 95006</emphasis>
|
||
(PERTH); Tamworth Regional, Hanging Rock,
|
||
<date value="2008-04-13">13 Apr 2008</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hosking 3091</emphasis>
|
||
(CANB, MEL, NE, NSW); Murrumbidgee River at Cotter Bridge, Cotter Reserve,
|
||
<date value="1992-03-01">1 Mar 1992</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lepschi 740</emphasis>
|
||
(AD, CANB, NSW); Hillview (
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" unit="mi" value="3.0">3 mi</quantity>
|
||
SW of Liverpool),
|
||
<date value="1968-12-11">11 Dec 1968</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rodd s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(NSW);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Australia" name="Queensland">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Brisbane,
|
||
<date value="1966-01-20">20 Jan 1966</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Henderson 128</emphasis>
|
||
(BRI, NSW); Brisbane, Clapham Junction,
|
||
<date value="1967-10-20">20 Oct 1967</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Henderson 301</emphasis>
|
||
(AD, BRI);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Australia" name="South Australia">South Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Tea Tree Gully, Gorge Rd,
|
||
<date value="2010-01-15">15 Jan 2010</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brodie 1171</emphasis>
|
||
(AD); sin. loc, 1885,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lea s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(BM); Region 11, Southern Lofty, Lower Gorge Rd,
|
||
<date value="1997-02-13">13 Feb 1997</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Symon 15462</emphasis>
|
||
(AD, K, MEL);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Australia" name="Victoria">Victoria</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: East Gippsland, N of Mallacoota township,
|
||
<date value="1999-04-04">4 Apr 1999</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Clarke 2890</emphasis>
|
||
(AD, MEL); Melbourne,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="m" value="70.0">70 m</quantity>
|
||
SW of Queens Bridge,
|
||
<date value="1983-02-18">18 Feb 1983</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Clarke 1544</emphasis>
|
||
(AD, CANB, MEL); Wellington, c.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="km" value="13.0">13 km</quantity>
|
||
from Licola,
|
||
<date value="1989-01-28">28 Jan 1989</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thompson 159</emphasis>
|
||
(AD).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1931-08-28" collectingDateMax="1973-11-19" collectingDateMin="1931-08-28" collectorName="La Valentine" country="France" location="Bordeaux" municipality="Gironde" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aquitaine">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="France">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Nouvelle
|
||
<collectingRegion country="France" name="Aquitaine">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Gironde</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:A69A3985FCB3424A16A414571B481B25" country="France" municipality="Gironde" name="Bordeaux" stateProvince="Aquitaine">Bordeaux</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1931-08-28">28 Aug 1931</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bouchon 6703</emphasis>
|
||
(BM);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="France" name="Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Provence-Alpes-Côte">Provence-Alpes-Cote</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Azur">d'Azur</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouches-du-Rhône">Bouches-du-Rhone</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>La Valentine</collectorName>
|
||
, banlieue
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Marseille">E de Marseille</locationDeviation>
|
||
, route vers Saint Menet,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1973-11-19">19 Nov 1973</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Martin 6848</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, H)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1834-10" collectingDateMax="1834-12" collectingDateMin="1834-10" country="Germany" location="Carlsruhe" municipality="Karlsruhe" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baden-Wuerttemberg">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Germany">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Baden-Württemberg">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Germany" name="Baden-Wuerttemberg">Baden-Wuerttemberg</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Karlsruhe</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:245570C87A227A418403800519B0CC00" country="Germany" municipality="Karlsruhe" name="Carlsruhe" stateProvince="Baden-Wuerttemberg">Carlsruhe</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1834-10">Oct 1834</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Braun s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(K); Karlsruhe [?],
|
||
<collectingDate value="1834-12">Dec 1834</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Braun s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" collectorName="de Tournefort" country="Greece" location="Crete" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Crete">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Greece">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Greece" name="Kriti">Crete</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: sin. loc,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>de Tournefort</collectorName>
|
||
s.n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-11-23" country="Greece" location="Island of Thasos" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="East Macedonia and Thrace">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Greece" name="Anatoliki Makedonia kai Thraki">East Macedonia and Thrace</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:E59BB225CB8E0C06C38502A4E4FF67D4" country="Greece" name="Island of Thasos" stateProvince="East Macedonia and Thrace">Island of Thasos</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Potamia">SE of Potamia</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2016-11-23">23 Nov 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biel IM-16054</emphasis>
|
||
(N/A)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1953-09-25" country="Italy" county="Venezia Giulia" location="Friulia" municipality="Monfalcone" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Friuli">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Italy">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Italy" name="Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Friuli</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingCounty>Venezia Giulia</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Monfalcone</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:CAAF61B0F49F5CC32547E5ED07BE7B06" country="Italy" county="Venezia Giulia" municipality="Monfalcone" name="Friulia" stateProvince="Friuli">Friulia</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1953-09-25">25 Sep 1953</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neumann s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(W)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2010-09-12" country="Japan" county="Utsunomiya Agricultural College" location="Koyama" municipality="Japan" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tochigi">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Honshu</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Japan" name="Tochigi">Tochigi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty>Utsunomiya Agricultural College</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Japan</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, 1935,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Japan" name="Kagawa">Kagawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
s.n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Japan" name="Kyoto">Kyoto</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:1A89C8CBCAF175A99A52C088BA939227" country="Japan" county="Utsunomiya Agricultural College" municipality="Japan" name="Koyama" stateProvince="Tochigi">Koyama</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:9CF3DA7E32EF83578417BBC51E5530AE" country="Japan" county="Utsunomiya Agricultural College" municipality="Japan" name="Chitose" stateProvince="Tochigi">Chitose</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:F826A4A5DAEB9AEBABCEF16DF9F0F8EF" country="Japan" county="Utsunomiya Agricultural College" municipality="Japan" name="Chitose-cho" stateProvince="Tochigi">Chitose-cho</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:8587676CAB09B39427159E60A2091901" country="Japan" county="Utsunomiya Agricultural College" municipality="Japan" name="Kameoka-shi" stateProvince="Tochigi">Kameoka-shi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2010-09-12">12 Sep 2010</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tsugaru et al. 7604</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1969-12-10" collectorName="Without" country="Lesotho" location="Lesotho" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maseru">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Lesotho">Lesotho</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Lesotho" name="Maseru">Maseru</collectingRegion>
|
||
airfield escarpment,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:2DF111CB1205B69ADE29EF75C31DCEBC" country="Lesotho" name="Lesotho" stateProvince="Maseru">Lesotho</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1969-12-10">10 Dec 1969</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Without</collectorName>
|
||
collector 348
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
(K);
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1970-03-03" collectorName="Without" country="Lesotho" location="Ekp Stn" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maseru">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Lesotho" name="Maseru">Maseru</collectingRegion>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:047E50D510968392D189A7D6BE8A0ED4" country="Lesotho" name="Ekp Stn" stateProvince="Maseru">Ekp Stn</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1970-03-03">3 Mar 1970</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Without</collectorName>
|
||
collector 650
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
(K).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1995-01-27" collectingDateMax="2012-01-14" collectingDateMin="1995-01-27" collectorName="Salter, Duff, Te Arai Sanctuary" country="New Zealand" location="Tawharanui Regional Park" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Auckland">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="New Zealand">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">North Island</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="New Zealand" name="Auckland">Auckland</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:EFD1E2CE0BC6C2AAA4ACFDF9CF2232A1" country="New Zealand" name="Tawharanui Regional Park" stateProvince="Auckland">Tawharanui Regional Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2012-01-14">14 Jan 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Salter</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Duff</collectorName>
|
||
s.n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(AK);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="New Zealand" name="Northland">Northland</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Te Arai Sanctuary</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1995-01-27">27 Jan 1995</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wright 12532</emphasis>
|
||
(AK)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-03-13" country="New Zealand" location="Cape Farewell" municipality="Collingwood" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tasman">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">South Island</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="New Zealand" name="Tasman">Tasman</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Collingwood</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
W on
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:C3F7D455FB6B6375399C6B4573A8EDE2" country="New Zealand" municipality="Collingwood" name="Cape Farewell" stateProvince="Tasman">Cape Farewell</location>
|
||
rd,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2006-03-13">13 Mar 2006</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brummitt 21567</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1970-09-27" collectingDateMax="2001-09-15" collectingDateMin="1970-09-27" collectorName="Henderson" country="Portugal" location="Horta" municipality="Faial" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Azores">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Portugal">Portugal</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Portugal" name="Acores">Azores</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Faial</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:5737B52B948F27C0E29E95A6C8BB6C06" country="Portugal" municipality="Faial" name="Horta" stateProvince="Azores">Horta</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1970-09-27">27 Sep 1970</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brooke 11376</emphasis>
|
||
(BM); Faial, Capelo,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1971-12-01">1 Dec 1971</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Goncalves 374</emphasis>
|
||
(BM); Faial
|
||
<locationDeviation firstLocation="Pedro Miguel" secondLocation="Espalhafatos">between Pedro Miguel and Espalhafatos</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2001-09-15">15 Sep 2001</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Henderson</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 98
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(AZU, BM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1963-07-16" collectorName="Rainha" country="Portugal" location="Ribatejo" municipality="Vila Nova de Barquinha" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Centro">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Portugal" name="Centro">Centro</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Vila Nova de Barquinha</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:7D0E13BB9C27535CBF22C9777DE965E2" country="Portugal" municipality="Vila Nova de Barquinha" name="Ribatejo" stateProvince="Centro">Ribatejo</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1963-07-16">16 Jul 1963</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Rainha</collectorName>
|
||
6177
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(W)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1984-09-11" collectorName="Davis" country="Portugal" location="Funchal" municipality="Between Monte" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Madeira">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Portugal" name="Madeira">Madeira</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Between Monte</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
and
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:A7B48A37BF250711ECA8B270169B9314" country="Portugal" municipality="Between Monte" name="Funchal" stateProvince="Madeira">Funchal</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1984-09-11">11 Sep 1984</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Davis</collectorName>
|
||
70402
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1960-07-06" country="Portugal" county="Amarante" location="Douro Litoral" municipality="Marcos de Canavezes" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Norte">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Portugal" name="Norte">Norte</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Amarante</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Marcos de Canavezes</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:C912D9B35CF13E1083B3E865D3BA7522" country="Portugal" county="Amarante" municipality="Marcos de Canavezes" name="Douro Litoral" stateProvince="Norte">Douro Litoral</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1960-07-06">6 Jul 1960</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:E72611503A3EA6DE3E8D5421EE9487C2" country="Portugal" county="Amarante" municipality="Marcos de Canavezes" name="Pinto da Silva" stateProvince="Norte">Pinto da Silva</location>
|
||
et al. 6754
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(W)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1966-02-02" collectingDateMax="1974-09-01" collectingDateMin="1966-02-02" collectorName="Liebenberg" country="South Africa" county="Old Town Quarry" location="Grahamstown" municipality="Old Town" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Old Town</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
Quarry
|
||
</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:A537AD73723DC10FA23BDE1C4AB7F7BC" country="South Africa" county="Old Town Quarry" municipality="Old Town" name="Grahamstown" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Grahamstown</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1972-11-20">20 Nov 1972</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bayliss 5292</emphasis>
|
||
(A, BH, MO);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:6079EAE3F7F77121DF1B4C7F31511161" country="South Africa" county="Old Town Quarry" municipality="Old Town" name="Belmont Valley" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Belmont Valley</location>
|
||
, Albany Dist,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1974-09-01">1 Sep 1974</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bayliss 6785</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO); Humansdorp, Distr. Humansdorp, Tzitzikama Park,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1966-02-02">2 Feb 1966</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Liebenberg</collectorName>
|
||
7909
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1976-10" collectingDateMax="1992-10-22" collectingDateMin="1976-10" collectorName="Balkwill, Pretoria, Johannesburgh, Taamlik, Liebenberg" country="South Africa" location="Dowerglen" municipality="Germiston District" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gauteng">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Gauteng">Gauteng</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Germiston District</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:FAD93D05F9D2610C88AF4925D790662C" country="South Africa" municipality="Germiston District" name="Dowerglen" stateProvince="Gauteng">Dowerglen</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1992-10-22">22 Oct 1992</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Balkwill</collectorName>
|
||
7163
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO);
|
||
<collectorName>Pretoria</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Johannesburgh</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Taamlik</collectorName>
|
||
volop, 2627BB grid ref,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1976-10">Oct 1976</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Liebenberg</collectorName>
|
||
8568
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1939-02-11" collectingDateMax="1982-02-17" collectingDateMin="1939-02-11" collectorName="CB Sani Pass, Hilliard, Burtt, McClean" country="South Africa" county="Pretoria" location="Natal" municipality="Greytown" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Pretoria</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Greytown</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:1A967DFDA2281173684B94469F129EFC" country="South Africa" county="Pretoria" municipality="Greytown" name="Natal" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Natal</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1939-02-11">11 Feb 1939</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Galpin 14832</emphasis>
|
||
(K); Underberg, 2929
|
||
<collectorName>CB Sani Pass</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:142161C04B9EA5527392329D4BE323C0" country="South Africa" county="Pretoria" municipality="Greytown" name="Undeberg Distr." stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Undeberg Distr.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1982-02-17">17 Feb 1982</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Hilliard</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Burtt</collectorName>
|
||
15537
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K); Nottingham rd, Natal,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1939-03">Mar 1939</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>McClean</collectorName>
|
||
869
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1995-01-26" collectorName="Middelburgh, Balkwill" country="South Africa" location="Middelburgh District" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Mpumalanga">Mpumalanga</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:2959041B4F7D18B6E4132E991441B1A0" country="South Africa" name="Middelburgh District" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">Middelburgh District</location>
|
||
, just outside
|
||
<collectorName>Middelburgh</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1995-01-26">26 Jan 1995</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Balkwill</collectorName>
|
||
9130
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1982-12-28" collectorName="Willowmore DC, Goldblatt" country="South Africa" location="Western Cape" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Western Cape">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: 3323
|
||
<collectorName>Willowmore DC</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1982-12-28">28 Dec 1982</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Goldblatt</collectorName>
|
||
6780
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1972-07-31" country="Spain" location="Pechon" municipality="Santander" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cantabria">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Spain">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Spain" name="Cantabria">Cantabria</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Santander</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, rd to
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:89C73935A52F4B91195E53D70D933EBA" country="Spain" municipality="Santander" name="Pechon" stateProvince="Cantabria">Pechon</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1972-07-31">31 Jul 1972</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brenan 12271</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1938-08" collectingDateMax="1938-09-30" collectingDateMin="1938-08" country="Sweden" county="Vaestra Goetaland" location="Backa" municipality="Goeteborg" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goetaland">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Sweden">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Götaland">
|
||
<collectingRegion>Goetaland</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Västra">Vaestra</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Götaland">Goetaland</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Göteborg">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Goeteborg</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:673262D91F2CD3F0027F15FADC20A2EC" country="Sweden" county="Vaestra Goetaland" municipality="Goeteborg" name="Backa" stateProvince="Goetaland">Backa</location>
|
||
prope
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:47626C45F67355CDA7DF7F9FC1F085D5" country="Sweden" county="Vaestra Goetaland" municipality="Goeteborg" name="Brunnsbo" stateProvince="Goetaland">Brunnsbo</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1938-08">Aug 1938</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Blom s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(BM);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Västra">Vaestra</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Götaland">Goetaland</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Agnesbergs kvarn,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1938-09-30">30 Sep 1938</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Blom s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(K, W)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2000-09-17" country="Switzerland" location="Maggia river" municipality="Locarno" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ticino">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Switzerland">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Switzerland" name="Ticino">Ticino</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Locarno</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, bank of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:FE6E03D71C6B5C930A49C215A7C80AF4" country="Switzerland" municipality="Locarno" name="Maggia river" stateProvince="Ticino">Maggia river</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2000-09-17">17 Sep 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brummit 20476</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1968-07-23" collectingDateMax="2001-11" collectingDateMin="1968-07-23" collectorName="McClintock, Ryan, Simpson" country="United Kingdom" county="Guernsey" location="St. Sampsons" municipality="Mont Cuet" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Channel Isles">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion>Channel Isles</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Guernsey</collectingCounty>
|
||
, nr entrance to
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Mont Cuet</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2001-11">Nov 2001</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dupree s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(BM); Guernsey,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1994-09-06">6 Sep 1994</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>McClintock</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Ryan</collectorName>
|
||
s.n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM); Guernsey,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:C4DEE1149AD2E27157E9FF91922BC64B" country="United Kingdom" county="Guernsey" municipality="Mont Cuet" name="St. Sampsons" stateProvince="Channel Isles">St. Sampsons</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1968-07-23">23 Jul 1968</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Simpson</collectorName>
|
||
68010
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1925-08" collectingDateMax="2008-09-04" collectingDateMin="1925-08" collectorName="Thurston" country="England" location="Victoria Park" municipality="Greater London" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Worcestershire">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United Kingdom">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Greater London</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:73FB23EC568A61D3D5347625B79C79AE" country="England" municipality="Greater London" name="Victoria Park" stateProvince="Worcestershire">Victoria Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2008-09-04">4 Sep 2008</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Atchison 2</emphasis>
|
||
(BM);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United Kingdom" name="Worcestershire">Worcestershire</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Charlton,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1959-08-25">25 Aug 1959</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pannister 983</emphasis>
|
||
(BM);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United Kingdom" name="Cornwall">Cornwall</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Bude,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1925-08">Aug 1925</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Thurston</collectorName>
|
||
s.n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1935-09-12" collectorName="Brenan, Sandwith" country="Wales" location="Barry Docks" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Vale of Glamorgan">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United Kingdom">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United Kingdom" name="The Vale of Glamorgan">Vale of Glamorgan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:958549A2CF07A4A34B7D6B67C1796233:2F922404099236545EFB73CF0C7DD69C" country="Wales" name="Barry Docks" stateProvince="Vale of Glamorgan">Barry Docks</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1935-09-12">12 Sep 1935</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Brenan</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Sandwith</collectorName>
|
||
1449
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BM);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United Kingdom" name="Cardiff">Cardiff</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Barry Docks,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1935-09-12">12 Sep 1935</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Sandwith</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectorName>Brenan</collectorName>
|
||
s.n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |